Editing Fulton County, New York

{{Short description|County in New York, United States}}
{{Distinguish|Fulton, Oswego County, New York|Fulton, Schoharie County, New York}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Fulton County
 | state                = New York
 | type                 = [[List of counties in New York|County]]
 | flag                 = Flag of Fulton County, New York.jpg
 | seal                 = Fulton County Seal.jpeg
 | founded              = 1838
 | seat                 = [[Johnstown (city), New York|Johnstown]]
 | largest city wl      = Gloversville
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 533
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 495
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 37
 | area percentage      = 7.0
 | census yr            = 2020
 | pop                  = 53324<ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Population%20Total&g=0400000US36%240500000&d=DEC%20Redistricting%20Data%20%28PL%2094-171%29|access-date=January 2, 2022|title=US Census 2020 Population Dataset Tables for New York|publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref>
 | density_sq_mi        = 107.6
 | ex image             = Fulton County Courthouse Aug 05.jpg
 | ex image cap         = Fulton County Courthouse
 | district             = 21st
 | time zone            = Eastern
 | named for            = [[Robert Fulton]]
 | web                  = http://www.fultoncountyny.gov/
}}

'''Fulton County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[New York (state)|New York]]. It forms part of the state's [[Mohawk Valley region]]. Its [[county seat]] is [[Johnstown (city), New York|Johnstown]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> At the [[2020 United States census|2020 U.S. census]], the county had a population of 53,324.<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Fulton County, New York|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/fultoncountynewyork/PST045221|access-date=January 3, 2022|publisher=United States Census Bureau}}</ref> The county is named in honor of [[Robert Fulton]],<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n132 133]}}</ref> who is widely credited with developing the first commercially successful [[steamboat]]. The county is part of the [[Mohawk Valley]] region of the state.

==History==
{{See also|Montgomery County, New York}}

In 1838, Fulton County was split off from Montgomery, shortly after the Montgomery county seat was moved to [[Fonda, New York|Fonda]], [[New York (state)|New York]]. The creation of Fulton County was engineered by Johnstown lawyer [[Daniel Cady]], whose wife was a cousin of [[Robert Fulton]].<ref>[http://www.newenglandancestors.org/education/articles/research/special_guests/gary_boyd_roberts/69_659_469.asp New England Historic Genealogical Society<!-- Bot generated title -->] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927032343/http://www.newenglandancestors.org/education/articles/research/special_guests/gary_boyd_roberts/69_659_469.asp |date=September 27, 2007 }}</ref>

Fulton County was created on April 18, 1838, by a partition of [[Montgomery County, New York|Montgomery]] County, resulting in a county with an area of {{convert|550|sqmi|km2}}.<ref name="NYLAWS FULTON1">New York. ''Laws of New York.'': 1838, 61st Session, Chapter 332, Section 1, Page 328.</ref>

The old [[Tryon County, New York|Tryon County]] courthouse, built in 1772, later the Montgomery County courthouse, became the [[Fulton County Courthouse (New York)|Fulton County Courthouse]], where it is New York's oldest operating courthouse.

One adjustment has been made to the area of Fulton County. On April 6, 1860, {{convert|10|sqmi|km2}} on the northern border was transferred to [[Hamilton County, New York|Hamilton]] in the vicinity of Sacandaga Park.<ref name="NYLAWS FULTON2">New York. ''Laws of New York.'': 1860, 83rd Session, Chapter 178; Page 298.</ref> This resulted in the Fulton County that exists today.

In the mid-18th century, [[Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet|Sir William Johnson]], founder of [[Fort Johnson, New York|Fort Johnson]] in [[Montgomery County, New York|Montgomery County]] and of [[Johnstown (city), New York|Johnstown]], arrived in what would become Fulton County. Sir William Johnson, 1st Baronet, was an Irish pioneer and army officer in colonial New York, and the British Superintendent of Indian Affairs from 1755 to 1774. His homes, Fort Johnson and Johnson Hall are current [[New York State Historic Site]]s.

Fulton County was also home to [[Elizabeth Cady Stanton]], a central pioneer in America's women's rights movement.

Shortly after the [[American Revolutionary War]], the manufacture of gloves and leather became the area's primary industry. At one point, Johnstown and Gloversville were known as the world's Glove and Leather capital. The largest rise in population and growth came as a result of the fruits of these businesses.

Many residents of Fulton County can trace their ancestry to the glove and leather trades. Today few glovers, tanners and leather dressers remain in the area, although some companies have adapted to the changes in the market to remain competitive.

==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|533|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|495|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|37|sqmi}} (7.0%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_36.txt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140519062322/http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/docs/gazetteer/counties_list_36.txt |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 19, 2014 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=January 4, 2015 |date=August 22, 2012 |title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files }}</ref> Fulton County is in the central part of the state, northwest of [[Albany, New York|Albany]], lying in the southern [[Adirondack Mountains]]. Approximately 58% of the county is within the boundaries of [[Adirondack Park]].

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Hamilton County, New York|Hamilton County]] - north
* [[Saratoga County, New York|Saratoga County]] - east
* [[Montgomery County, New York|Montgomery County]] - south
* [[Herkimer County, New York|Herkimer County]] - west

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1840= 18049
|1850= 20171
|1860= 24162
|1870= 27064
|1880= 30985
|1890= 37650
|1900= 42842
|1910= 44534
|1920= 44927
|1930= 46560
|1940= 48597
|1950= 51021
|1960= 51304
|1970= 52637
|1980= 55153
|1990= 54191
|2000= 55073
|2010= 55531
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 4, 2015}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=January 4, 2015}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ny190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 4, 2015}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=January 4, 2015}}</ref> 2010-2020<ref name="QF"/>
|2020=53324}}

The 2019 [[American Community Survey]] estimated there were 53,383 residents in the county, down from 55,531 at the [[2010 United States Census]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Fulton County, New York|url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/fultoncountynewyork/PST045219|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=www.census.gov|language=en}}</ref> There were also an estimated 22,439 households, and 29,173 housing units at the 2019 population estimates. The racial makeup of Fulton County was 92.2% [[Non-Hispanic whites|non-Hispanic white]], 2.2% Black or African American, 0.3% [[Native Americans in the United States|American Indian or Alaska Native]], 0.7% Asian American, 1.6% from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]], and 3.5% Hispanic or Latino of any race.

Roughly 72% of households were owner-occupied and the median gross rent was $759. There were 2.34 persons per household and 3.1% spoke a language other than English at home. Of the population there were 25.1% from ages 18 to 5 and under, and 20.1% aged 65 and older. The median income for a household in the county was $50,248, and the per capita income was $26,875. Roughly 13% of the county population lived at or below the [[Poverty threshold|poverty line]].

At the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 55,073 people, 21,884 households, and 14,509 families residing in the county. The [[population density]] was {{convert|111|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|people&nbsp;|people}}. There were 27,787 housing units at an average density of {{convert|56|/mi2|/km2|adj=pre|units&nbsp;}}. The racial makeup of the county was 95.99% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 1.80% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 0.19% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.53% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.02% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.56% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 0.91% from two or more races. 1.61% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. 17.2% were of [[Italian people|Italian]], 16.4% [[Germans|German]], 13.2% [[Irish people|Irish]], 10.0% [[English people|English]], 8.3% [[United States|American]], 5.8% [[French people|French]] and 5.7% [[Polish people|Polish]] ancestry according to [[Census 2000]]. 96.1% spoke [[English language|English]] and 1.6% [[Spanish language|Spanish]] as their first language.

There were 21,884 households, out of which 30.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.00% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.70% were non-families. 27.70% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.94.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 24.90% under the age of 18, 7.20% from 18 to 24, 28.10% from 25 to 44, 23.60% from 45 to 64, and 16.30% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females there were 97.10 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 93.60 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $33,663, and the median income for a family was $39,801. Males had a median income of $29,538 versus $22,173 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $16,844. About 9.20% of families and 12.50% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 17.50% of those under age 18 and 7.50% of those age 65 or over.

=== 2020 Census ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Fulton County Racial Composition<ref>{{Cite web|title =P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Fulton County, New York|url= https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=Fulton%20County,%20New%20York&t=Race%20and%20Ethnicity&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2}}</ref>
!Race
!Num.
!Perc.
|-
|[[White (U.S. Census)|White]] (NH)
|47,051
|88.24%
|-
|[[African American (U.S. Census)|Black or African American]] (NH)
|966
|1.81%
|-
|[[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] (NH)
|89
|0.16%
|-
|[[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]] (NH)
|343
|0.64%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] (NH)
|0
|0%
|-
|[[Race (United States Census)|Other/Mixed]] (NH)
|2,741
|5.14%
|-
|[[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]]
|2,134
|4%
|}

==Transportation==
Fulton County has seven private airstrips and two public-use airports:<ref>{{cite web | title = Fulton County Public and Private Airports, New York | url = https://www.tollfreeairline.com/newyork/schuyler.htm | publisher = tollfreeairline.com | access-date = 2024-06-01}}</ref>
*[[Fulton County Airport (New York)|Fulton County Airport]] (NY0) – [[Johnstown, New York|Johnstown]]
*[[Dolgeville Airport]] (1F6) – [[Dolgeville, New York|Dolgeville]]

Gloversville Transit System provides bus service to parts of Fulton County as well as adjacent Montgomery County.<ref>{{cite web | title = About Us | url = https://www.ride-gts.com/about-us/ | publisher = Gloversville Transit System | access-date = 2024-06-01}}</ref>  The county's Highways and Facilities Department is headquartered in Johnstown and is charged with maintaining roads, including:<ref>{{cite web | title = Highways and Facilities Information | url = https://www.fultoncountyny.gov/fulton-county-highways-facilities-department | publisher = Fulton County Government | access-date = 2024-06-01}}</ref>
*Overseeing road construction and repair
*Issuing permits to work in county rights-of-way
*Removing snow and ice
Each town and village within Fulton County maintains its own highway department.

===Major roadways===
{{Div col|colwidth=22em}}
*[[Image:NY-10.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 10]]
*[[Image:NY-10A.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 10A]]
*[[Image:NY-29.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 29]]
*[[Image:NY-29A.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 29A]]
*[[Image:NY-30.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 30]]
*[[Image:NY-30A.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 30A]]
*[[Image:NY-67.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 67]]
*[[Image:NY-309.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 309]]
*[[Image:NY-331.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 331]]
*[[Image:NY-334.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 334]]
*[[Image:NY-349.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 349]]
*[[Image:NY-349.svg|20px]] [[New York State Route 399]]
*[[List of county routes in Fulton County, New York]]
{{Div col end}}
The former [[Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad]] was located in Fulton County.  The former [[New York State Route 920C]], [[New York State Route 920D]], and [[New York State Route 920J]] were located in Fulton County.

==Communities==

===Cities===
* [[Gloversville, New York|Gloversville]]
* [[Johnstown (city), New York|Johnstown]] (county seat)

===Towns===
{{div col}}
* [[Bleecker, New York|Bleecker]]
* [[Broadalbin, New York|Broadalbin]]
* [[Caroga, New York|Caroga]]
* [[Ephratah, New York|Ephratah]]
* [[Johnstown (town), New York|Johnstown]]
* [[Mayfield, New York|Mayfield]]
* [[Northampton, Fulton County, New York|Northampton]]
* [[Oppenheim, New York|Oppenheim]]
* [[Perth, New York|Perth]]
* [[Stratford, New York|Stratford]]
{{div col end}}

===Villages===
* [[Broadalbin (village), New York|Broadalbin]]
* [[Dolgeville, New York|Dolgeville]]
* [[Mayfield (village), New York|Mayfield]]
* [[Northville, Fulton County, New York|Northville]]

===Census-designated place===
* [[Caroga Lake, New York|Caroga Lake]]

===Hamlet===
* [[Kingsboro, New York|Kingsboro]]

==Politics==
{{PresHead|place=Fulton County, New York|whig=yes|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=October 22, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|16,237|7,666|150|New York}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|15,378|7,931|409|New York}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|13,462|6,496|1,256|New York}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|10,814|8,607|378|New York}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|11,709|9,695|420|New York}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|12,570|9,202|443|New York}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|11,434|9,314|927|New York}}
{{PresRow|1996|Democratic|7,881|9,779|3,470|New York}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|9,137|8,400|5,308|New York}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|11,757|9,012|162|New York}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|14,887|7,644|87|New York}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|11,448|8,105|1,969|New York}}
{{PresRow|1976|Republican|12,161|9,323|145|New York}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|15,200|7,303|72|New York}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|11,895|8,871|1,052|New York}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|7,278|15,846|23|New York}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|14,455|10,409|19|New York}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|18,244|6,352|0|New York}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|18,068|7,570|58|New York}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|12,787|7,667|680|New York}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|13,195|8,813|62|New York}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|14,896|9,040|79|New York}}
{{PresRow|1936|Republican|14,253|8,977|507|New York}}
{{PresRow|1932|Republican|14,984|5,678|326|New York}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|15,043|5,728|368|New York}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|11,858|3,143|1,357|New York}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|10,946|3,192|1,401|New York}}
{{PresRow|1916|Republican|5,756|4,085|750|New York}}
{{PresRow|1912|Republican|3,741|2,550|3,555|New York}}
{{PresRow|1908|Republican|6,574|3,508|1,260|New York}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|6,521|3,884|1,059|New York}}
{{PresRow|1900|Republican|7,230|3,678|771|New York}}
{{PresRow|1896|Republican|7,704|3,849|590|New York}}
{{PresRow|1892|Republican|5,368|4,293|717|New York}}
{{PresRow|1888|Republican|5,892|4,634|399|New York}}
{{PresRow|1884|Republican|5,138|4,091|289|New York}}
{{PresRow|1880|Republican|4,579|3,327|0|New York}}
{{PresRow|1876|Republican|3,940|3,662|25|New York}}
{{PresRow|1872|Republican|3,551|2,927|40|New York}}
{{PresRow|1868|Republican|3,375|3,058|0|New York}}
{{PresRow|1864|Republican|2,742|2,503|0|New York}}
{{PresRow|1860|Republican|2,977|2,429|0|New York}}
{{PresRow|1856|Republican|2,593|1,374|1,034|New York}}
{{PresRow|1852|Whig|2,171|2,070|115|New York}}
{{PresRow|1848|Whig|1,976|380|1,611|New York}}
{{PresRow|1844|Democratic|2,107|2,192|100|New York}}
{{PresRow|1840|Whig|1,964|1,645|29|New York}}
|}

Fulton County has historically been a stronghold for the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]], with the Republican presidential nominee winning the county in all but two presidential elections since the party's founding in 1854. Fulton County was won by [[Donald Trump]] in [[2016 United States presidential election in New York|2016]] with 63.46 percent of the vote, which Trump then improved upon in [[2020 United States presidential election in New York|2020]] with 64.84 percent.<ref name=":1" />

A [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] presidential nominee has only won twice in Fulton County since the Republican Party was founded, [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] in [[1964 United States presidential election in New York|1964]] and [[Bill Clinton]] in [[1996 United States presidential election in New York|1996]].

==Education==
In 2019 the U.S. Census Bureau determined 87.4% of Fulton County's population obtained a high school degree or higher. Nearly 18% had a bachelor's degree or higher.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web|last=Allen|first=Peter|last2=syracuse.com|first2=Michelle Breidenbach {{!}}|date=November 19, 2016|title=13 'Trumpiest' counties in Upstate New York|url=https://www.newyorkupstate.com/news/2016/11/13_trumpiest_counties_in_upstate_new_york.html|access-date=July 21, 2020|website=newyorkupstate|language=en}}</ref> [[Fulton–Montgomery Community College]] is in Johnstown, New York. It is a part of the [[State University of New York]] system.

School districts include:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st36_ny/schooldistrict_maps/c36035_fulton/DC20SD_C36035.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Fulton County, NY|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2024-10-08}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st36_ny/schooldistrict_maps/c36035_fulton/DC20SD_C36035_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Amsterdam City School District]]
* [[Broadalbin-Perth Central School District]]
* [[Dolgeville Central School District]]
* [[Edinburg Common School District]]
* [[Fonda-Fultonville Central School District]]
* [[Fort Plain Central School District]]
* [[Galway Central School District]]
* [[Gloversville City School District]]
* [[Johnstown City School District]]
* [[Mayfield Central School District]]
* [[Northville Central School District]]
* [[Oppenheim-Ephratah-St. Johnsville Central School District]]
* [[Wheelerville Union Free School District]]
{{div col end}}

==See also==
{{Portal|New York (state)}}
* [[List of counties in New York]]
* [[List of New York State Historic Markers in Fulton County, New York]]
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Fulton County, New York]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite Q|Q114149636|p=783-87|chapter=Chapter XII. Fulton County.
 |editor=Sullivan, James
 |editor2=Williams, Melvin E.
 |editor3=Conklin, Edwin P.
 |editor4=Fitzpatrick, Benedict
}}

==External links==
* [http://www.fultoncountyny.gov/ Fulton County Government Website]
* [http://www.gloversandtanners.com "Glovers and Tanners of Fulton County"]
* [https://www.fultonmontgomeryny.org/ Fulton County Chamber of Commerce]
* [http://www.fmphotoarchives.org/ "Fulton-Montgomery Photo Archives]
* [http://fultoncountymuseum.com "Fulton County Museum"]

{{Geographic Location
|Centre    = Fulton County, New York
|North     = [[Hamilton County, New York|Hamilton County]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Saratoga County, New York|Saratoga County]]
|Southeast = 
|South     = [[Montgomery County, New York|Montgomery County]]
|Southwest =
|West      = [[Herkimer County, New York|Herkimer County]]
|Northwest =
}}
{{Fulton County, New York}}
{{Capital District}}
{{New York}}
{{Authority control}}
{{coord|43.11|-74.42|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-NY_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Fulton County, New York| ]]
[[Category:1838 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1838]]