Editing Freddy Heineken

{{Short description|Dutch businessman (1923–2002)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2021}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix          = 
| name                      = Freddy Heineken
| image                     = Persconferentie jaarcijfers Heineken voorzitter RvB A. H. Heineken (kop), Bestanddeelnr 933-2895.jpg
| alt                       = 
| caption                   = Heineken in 1985
| birth_date                = {{Birth date|1923|11|04|df=y}}
| birth_place               = [[Amsterdam]], Netherlands
| death_date                = {{Death date and age|2002|01|03|1923|11|04|df=y}}
| death_place               = [[Noordwijk]], Netherlands
| body_discovered           = 
| resting_place             = General Cemetery in Noordwijk
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| monuments                 = 
| other_names               = 
| education                 = 
| alma_mater                = 
| occupation                = Businessman <br /> [[Board of directors|Corporate director]]
| years_active              = 1941–2002
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| party                     = [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]]
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| boards                    = [[Heineken International]]
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| spouse                    = {{marriage|Lucille Cummins|1948}}
| partner                   = <!-- unmarried life partner; use ''Name (1950–present)'' -->
| children                  = [[Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken]]
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}}

'''Alfred Henry Heineken''' (4 November 1923 – 3 January 2002) was a Dutch businessman for [[Heineken International]], the [[brewing company]] created in 1864 by his grandfather [[Gerard Adriaan Heineken]] in Amsterdam. He served as chairman of the board of directors and CEO from 1971 until 1989. After his retirement as chairman and CEO, Heineken continued to sit on the board of directors until his death and served as chairman of the [[supervisory board]] from 1989 to 1995. At the time of his death, Heineken was one of the richest people in the Netherlands, with a net worth of 9.5 billion [[Dutch guilder|guilders]].<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://stadsarchief.amsterdam.nl/english/amsterdam_treasures/famous/freddy_heineken/index.html Freddy Heineken] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140529051445/http://stadsarchief.amsterdam.nl/english/amsterdam_treasures/famous/freddy_heineken/index.html |date=29 May 2014 }}, Stadsarchief Amsterdam, 10 December 2005</ref>

== Early life ==
Heineken was born on 4 November 1923 in [[Amsterdam]]. He was the grandson of [[Gerard Adriaan Heineken]], who was the founder of the brewery [[Heineken International]].

== Career ==
On 1 June 1941, he entered the service of the Heineken company, which by then was no longer owned by the family. He bought back stock several years later, to ensure the family controlled the company again. He created the [[Heineken Holding]] that owned 50.005% of [[Heineken International]]; he held a majority stake in Heineken Holding. By the time of his resignation as chairman of the board in 1989 he had transformed Heineken from a brand that was known primarily in the Netherlands into a brand name recognized worldwide.

== Kidnapping ==
{{Main|Kidnapping of Freddy Heineken}}
Freddy Heineken and his driver Ab Doderer were [[Kidnapping|kidnapped]] in 1983 and released on payment of a ransom of 35 million [[Dutch guilder]]s (around 15,800,000 [[euros]] or 17,332,600 US [[dollars]]). The kidnappers – [[Cor van Hout]], [[Willem Holleeder]], Jan Boellaard, Frans Meijer, and Martin Erkamps – were eventually caught and served prison terms. Before being extradited, Van Hout and Holleeder stayed for more than three years in France, first on the run, then in prison, and then, awaiting a change of the extradition treaty, under [[house arrest]], and finally in prison again. Meijer escaped and lived in [[Paraguay]] for years, until he was discovered by crime reporter [[Peter R. de Vries]] and imprisoned there. In 2003, Meijer stopped resisting his [[extradition]] to the Netherlands and was transferred to a Dutch prison to serve the last part of his term.

The films ''[[The Heineken Kidnapping]]'' (2011) and ''[[Kidnapping Freddy Heineken]]'' (2015) are based on this incident.

== Personal life ==
Heineken married Lucille Cummins, an American from a [[Kentucky]] family of [[bourbon whiskey]] distillers.

Heineken was a member of the [[People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]] (VVD).<ref>{{in lang|nl}}[http://www.groene.nl/artikel/profiel-alfred-heineken Schaduwkoning van Nederland – Profiel: Alfred Heineken], De Groene Amsterdammer, 12 January 2002</ref>

In 1989, Heineken illegally destroyed the Villa Böhler in Oberalpina, designed by Heinrich Tessenow from 1916 to 1918.<ref>{{in lang|en}} [https://salsah.org/resources/222707], Terrasse der Villa Böhler in Oberalpina (Via Alpina 39). Erbaut von Heinrich Tessenow 1916-18. Nach 5-jährigen Streitereien 1989 von Alfred Heineken illegal abgebrochen.</ref>

Heineken struggled for some time with deteriorating health; in 1999 he suffered a mild stroke but recovered. Shortly before his death, he broke his arm in a fall. He died from [[pneumonia]] on 3 January 2002 at the age of 78 at his home in [[Noordwijk]] in the presence of his immediate family, including his daughter [[Charlene de Carvalho-Heineken]], who inherited his fortune.<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://krant.telegraaf.nl/krant/archief/20020104/teksten/bin.heineken.freddy.noordwijk.html Freddy Heineken overleden] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230332/http://krant.telegraaf.nl/krant/archief/20020104/teksten/bin.heineken.freddy.noordwijk.html|date=3 March 2016}}, Telegraaf, 4 January 2002</ref><ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.nu.nl/algemeen/17320/freddy-heineken-overleden.html Freddy Heineken overleden], NU.nl, 4 January 2002</ref> He was buried at the General Cemetery in Noordwijk.

== In popular culture ==
A film of the kidnapping, ''[[De Heineken Ontvoering]]'', with [[Rutger Hauer]] playing Freddy Heineken, was released in October 2011. A second film, ''[[Kidnapping Mr. Heineken]]'', based on De Vries' book about the kidnapping, was produced by Informant Media in 2013 based on the scenario written by William Brookfield. In this film Heineken is played by [[Anthony Hopkins]] with the kidnappers played by [[Jim Sturgess]], [[Sam Worthington]], [[Ryan Kwanten]], [[Mark van Eeuwen]] and [[Thomas Cocquerel]].<ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.telegraaf.nl/filmenuitgaan/film/21558080/__Anthony_Hopkins_wordt_Heineken__.html Anthony Hopkins wordt Freddy Heineken], Telegraaf, 12 May 2013</ref><ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://nos.nl/artikel/506076-hopkins-gaat-heineken-spelen.html Hopkins gaat Heineken spelen], NOS, 12 May 2013</ref><ref>{{in lang|nl}} [http://www.volkskrant.nl/vk/nl/3376/film/article/detail/3440056/2013/05/13/Anthony-Hopkins-speelt-Heineken-in-nieuwe-film-over-ontvoering.dhtml Anthony Hopkins speelt Heineken in nieuwe film over ontvoering], Volkskrant, 13 May 2013</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-24457439|title=Sir Anthony Hopkins set to film Heineken kidnap movie|date=9 October 2013|access-date=9 October 2013|work=BBC News}}</ref>

== Book ==
* ''[[The United States of Europe, A Eurotopia?]]'', 1992.

== See also ==
*[[List of kidnappings]]
*[[List of solved missing person cases: pre-2000|List of solved missing person cases]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{commons category-inline}}

{{Heineken International}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Heineken, Freddy}}
[[Category:1923 births]]
[[Category:2002 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Dutch businesspeople]]
[[Category:Dutch corporate directors]]
[[Category:Dutch investors]]
[[Category:Dutch stock traders]]
[[Category:Dutch billionaires]]
[[Category:Dutch public relations people]]
[[Category:Dutch chief executives in the food industry]]
[[Category:Chief marketing officers]]
[[Category:Chairmen of Heineken International]]
[[Category:Stockbrokers]]
[[Category:Heineken people]]
[[Category:Dutch expatriates in the United States]]
[[Category:Kidnapped businesspeople]]
[[Category:Marketing theorists]]
[[Category:Market researchers]]
[[Category:Dutch marketing people]]
[[Category:Members of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy]]
[[Category:Dutch brewers]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Amsterdam]]
[[Category:Formerly missing Dutch people]]
[[Category:Kidnapped Dutch people]]
[[Category:People from Noordwijk]]