Editing Franz Miklosich

{{Short description|Slovenian philologist and rector of the University of Vienna}}
{{More footnotes needed|date=March 2008}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Franz Miklosich
| image              = Franz von Miklosich (Dauthage, 1853).jpg
| alt                = 
| caption            = Miklosich by [[Adolf Dauthage]], 1853
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|1813|11|20|df=y}}
| birth_place        = [[Radomerščak]], [[Ljutomer]], [[Austrian Empire]]<br>{{small|(now [[Slovenia]])}}
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|1891|03|07|1813|11|20|df=y}}
| death_place        = [[Vienna]], [[Austria-Hungary]]<br>{{small|(now [[Austria]])}}
| citizenship        = Austrian
| education          = [[University of Graz]] ([[PhD]])<br />[[University of Vienna]] ([[Dr. iur.]])
| nationality        = Slovenian
| other_names        = Franz Xaver Ritter von Miklosich
| occupation         = philologist
| years_active       = 
| known_for          = 
| notable_works      = 
}}
'''Franz Miklosich''' ({{langx|de|Franz [[Ritter]] von Miklosich}}, also known in Slovene as {{lang|sl|Franc Miklošič}}; 20 November 1813 – 7 March 1891) was a [[Slovenes|Slovenian]] [[philology|philologist]] and rector of the [[University of Vienna]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=University of Vienna |date=2017-01-20 |title=Franz Xaver von Miklosich [Miklošič], o. Univ.-Prof. Dr. phil., Dr. jur. |url=https://geschichte.univie.ac.at/en/persons/franz-xaver-von-miklosich-miklosic |access-date=2024-03-23 |website=650 plus |language=en}}</ref>

==Early life==
Miklosich was born in the small village of [[Radomerščak]] near the [[Lower Styria]]n town of [[Ljutomer]], then part of the [[Austrian Empire]], and baptized ''Franz Xav. Mikloschitsh''.<ref>{{cite book |title=Taufbuch |date=1791–1815 |location=Ljutomer |page=163 |url=https://data.matricula-online.eu/de/slovenia/maribor/ljutomer/01290/?pg=129 |access-date=July 7, 2021}}</ref> He graduated from the [[University of Graz]] with a doctor of philosophy degree.

==Career==
He was a professor of philosophy at the University of Graz. In 1838, he went to the [[University of Vienna]], where he received a doctor of law decree.<ref name=EB1911/> During his studies, he became influenced by the works of the Slovenian philologist and linguist [[Jernej Kopitar]]. He abandoned law, devoting most of his later life to the study of [[Slavic languages]].<ref name=EB1911/>

In 1844, he obtained a post at the [[Austrian National Library|Imperial Library of Vienna]], where he remained until 1862. In 1844, he published a  review of [[Franz Bopp]]'s book ''Comparative Grammar,'' which attracted attention from the Viennese academic circles. This publication then launched a long series of works, in which Miklosich showed immense erudition. His works led to a revolutionary change in the study of Slavic languages.

In 1849 Miklosich was appointed to the newly created chair of Slavic philology at the [[University of Vienna]], and he occupied it until 1886. He became a member of the [[Austrian Academy of Sciences|Academy of Vienna]], which appointed him secretary of its historical and philosophical section, a member of the council of public instruction and of the upper house, and correspondent of the [[Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres|French Academy of Inscriptions and Humanities]]. His numerous writings deal not only with the Slavic languages, but also with [[Romanian language|Romanian]], [[Aromanian language|Aromanian]], [[Albanian language|Albanian]], [[Greek language|Greek]], and [[Romani language|Romani]].<ref name=EB1911>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Miklosich, Franz von |volume=18 |page=437 |inline=1}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mojaslovenija.net/veliki_slovenci/veliki_slovenci_franc_miklosic.html |title=Veliki Slovenci: Franc Miklošič |language=sl |trans-title=Great Slovenes: Franz Miklosich|work=Moja Slovenija [My Slovenia] |first=Tomaž |last=Štefe |year=2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110625064902/http://www.mojaslovenija.net/veliki_slovenci/veliki_slovenci_franc_miklosic.html |archive-date=2011-06-25 }}</ref>

Between 1850 and 1865 he was the Dean of the Faculty of Philosophy for three terms, and the Rector in 1853/1854.<ref name=":0" />

[[File:Medaille Franz von Miklosich 1883.png|thumb|Franz von Miklosich medal, 1883]]

From 1872 to 1880, Miklosich published his original survey of Romani dialects, ''Über die Mundarten und Wanderungen der Zigeuner Europas''. This work included a discussion of their origins, migration routes, an historical-comparative grammar, and a lexicon. He identified a substantial Greek element that was shared by the Romani dialects, and thus named a "Greek-speaking area" as the "European homeland of the Gypsies".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk/whatis/linguistics/history.shtml |title=ROMANI Project – Manchester |publisher=Romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk |access-date=2015-10-05 |archive-date=2020-01-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105053019/https://romani.humanities.manchester.ac.uk//whatis/linguistics/history.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1883, on the occasion of his 70th birthday, he received a medal commissioned by the [[Austrian Academy of Sciences]].<ref>http://hdl.handle.net/10900/100742 S. Krmnicek and M. Gaidys, ''Gelehrtenbilder. Altertumswissenschaftler auf Medaillen des 19. Jahrhunderts.'' Begleitband zur [http://online-Ausstellung%20im%20Digitalen%20Münzkabinett%20des%20Instituts%20für%20Klassische%20Archäologie%20der%20Universität%20Tübingen online-Ausstellung im Digitalen Münzkabinett des Instituts für Klassische Archäologie der Universität Tübingen] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170220175602/http://acn.com.ve/ |date=2017-02-20 }}, in: S. Krmnicek (Hrsg.), ''Von Krösus bis zu König Wilhelm.'' Neue Serie, Bd. 3 (Tübingen 2020), pp. 32–34.</ref>

==Political engagement==
In the [[Revolutions of 1848|Spring of Nations]] of 1848, Miklosich, who was 35 at the time, actively engaged in the [[Slovene national movement]]. He was the chairman of the political association, called ''Slovenija'' (Slovenia) organized by Slovene students that studied in [[Graz]] and [[Vienna]]. Together with [[Matija Majar]] and [[Lovro Toman]], he was among the authors who elaborated the political demand for a [[United Slovenia]]. After the failure of the revolutionary requests, he again turned to exclusively academic activity.

==Selected bibliography==
* {{cite book |title=Radices linguae Slovenicae. Veteris dialecti |location=Leipzig |publisher=In Libraria Weidmannia |year=1845 |url=https://archive.org/details/radiceslinguaesl00mikl}}
* {{cite book |title=Lexicon linguae Slovenicae. Veteris dialecti |location=Vienna |year=1850 |url=https://archive.org/details/lexiconlinguaesl00mikl}}
* {{cite book |title=Vergleichende Formenlehre der slavischen Sprachen |year=1856 |language=de }}
* {{cite book |title=Monumenta Serbica Spectantia Historiam Serbiae, Bosniae, Ragusii |location=Vienna |year=1858 |language=sr |url=https://archive.org/details/monumentaserbic00miklgoog}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mFwsAAAAYAAJ|title=Die Sprache der Bulgaren in Siebenbürgen|location=Vienna|publisher=|year=1856|isbn=|language=de|pages=105–146|last1=Miklosich|first1=Franz}}
* {{cite book |title=Denkschriften der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Philosophisch-Historische Classe |chapter=Die Bildung der slavischen Personennamen |location=Vienna |publisher=Kaiserlich-Königliche Hof- und Staatsdruckerei |year=1860 |language=de |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GENT900000105266}}
* {{cite book |title=Lexicon palaeoslovenico-graeco-latinum: emendatum auctum |location=Vienna |publisher=Guilelmus Braumueller |date=1862–1865 |url=https://archive.org/details/lexiconpalaeoslo00mikluoft}}
* {{cite book |title=Die Bildung der Ortsnamen aus Personennamen im Slavischen |location=Vienna |year=1864 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/diebildungderor00miklgoog}}
* {{cite book |title=Die slavischen Monatsnamen |location=Vienna |year=1867 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/slavischenmonats00mikl}}
* {{cite book |title=Über die Mundarten und die Wanderungen der Zigeuner Europa's |location=Vienna  |year=1872 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_pMNi8TcDlEEC}}
* {{cite book |title=Altslovenische Lautlehre |location=Vienna |year=1878 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/altslovenischela00mikluoft}}
* {{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qAphAAAAcAAJ|title=Geschichte der Lautbezeichnung im Bulgarischen|location=Vienna|publisher=|year=1883|isbn=|pages=|language=de|last1=Miklošič|first1=Franc}}
* {{cite book |title=Etymologisches Wörterbuch der slavischen Sprachen |location=Vienna |year=1886 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/etymologischesw00mikluoft}}
* {{cite book |title=Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen |location=Vienna |year=1879 |volume=1 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/vergleichendegr08miklgoog}}
* {{cite book |title=Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen |location=Vienna |year=1875 |volume=2 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/vergleichendegr01miklgoog}}
* {{cite book |title=Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen |location=Vienna |year=1876 |volume=3 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/vergleichendegr04miklgoog}}
* {{cite book |title=Vergleichende Grammatik der slavischen Sprachen |location=Vienna |date=1868–1874 |volume=4 |language=de |url=https://archive.org/details/vergleichendegr09miklgoog}}

==See also==
{{commons category}}
* [[Austroslavism]]
* [[Culture of Slovenia]]
* [[Vienna Literary Agreement]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* Walter Lukan (ed.): ''Franz Miklosich (Miklošič): neue Studien und Materialien anläßlich seines 100. Todestages''. Vienna 1991 (= ''Österreichische Osthefte: Sonderheft 33'').
* [[Tomo Maretić]], "[https://dizbi.hazu.hr/a/?pr=i&id=169555 Život i kńiževni rad F. Miklošića]" [Life and scholarly work of F. Miklošić]. In: ''Rad Jugoslavenske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti. Knjiga CXII.'' Zagreb: JAZU, 1892, pp. 41–153.
* [[Katja Sturm-Schnabl]], ''Der Briefwechsel Franz Miklosich's mit den Südslaven = Korespondenca Frana Miklošiča z Južnimi Slovani'', Obzorja, Maribor 1991, xxiv + 855 pp., {{ISBN|86-377-0565-0}}.
* Katja Sturm-Schnabl, "Franz Miklosich als Wegbegleiter bei der Entstehung der ukrainischen Schriftsprache." In: Juliane Besters-Dilger, Michael Moser, Stefan Simonek (eds.), ''Sprache und Literatur der Ukraine zwischen Ost und West – Мова та література України між сходом і заходом''. Bern: Lang, 2000, pp. 195–209.
* Katja Sturm-Schnabl, "Franz Miklosich," in: Marija Mitrović, ''Die Geschichte der slowenischen Literatur von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart. Aus dem Serbokroatischen übersetzt, redaktionell bearbeitet und mit ausgewählten Lemmata und Anmerkungen ergänzt von Katja Sturm-Schnabl''. Klagenfurt: Mohorjeva-Hermagoras, 2001. pp.&nbsp;186–193 {{ISBN|978-3-85013-834-5}}
* Katja Sturm-Schnabl, "Aktualnost Miklošičevega znanstvenega dela in misli." In: ''Jezikoslovni zapiski. Glasilo Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU'' 10.2 (2004), pp. 19–46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3986/jz.v10i2.2570
* {{Cite book |title=Miklošičev zbornik: Mednarodni simpozij v Ljubljani od 26. do 28. junija 1991 |editor1=Jože Toporišič |editor-link1=Jože Toporišič |editor2=Tine Logar |editor-link2=Tine Logar |editor3=Franc Jakopin |publisher=Slovenska akademija znanosti in umetnosti [&c.] |location=Ljubljana |year=1992 |isbn=978-86-7207-027-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/miklosicevzborni0000unse |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite Americana|wstitle=Miklosich, Franz von |short=x}}

{{Ljutomer |state=collapsed}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Miklosich, Franz}}
[[Category:1813 births]]
[[Category:1891 deaths]]
[[Category:Scholars from the Austrian Empire]]
[[Category:People from the Municipality of Ljutomer]]
[[Category:People from the Duchy of Styria]]
[[Category:Slovenian Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:Slovene nobility]]
[[Category:Members of the Imperial Diet (Austria)]]
[[Category:People of the Revolutions of 1848]]
[[Category:Linguists from Austria-Hungary]]

[[Category:University of Graz alumni]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Graz]]
[[Category:Academic staff of the University of Vienna]]
[[Category:Rectors of universities in Austria-Hungary]]
[[Category:Members of the Austrian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Members of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres]]
[[Category:Corresponding Members of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Corresponding members of the Saint Petersburg Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Pour le Mérite (civil class)]]