Editing François Boucher

{{short description|French painter (1703–1770)}}
{{Other people}}
{{Infobox artist
| name        = François Boucher
| image       = Boucher par Gustav Lundberg 1741.jpg
| caption     = Portrait by [[Gustaf Lundberg]] (1741)
| birth_name  = 
| birth_date  = {{birth date|1703|9|29|df=y}}
| birth_place = Paris, France
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1770|5|30|1703|9|29|df=y}}
| death_place = Paris, France
| field       = [[Painting]]
| movement    = [[Rococo]]
| works       = 
| module      = {{Infobox person|child=yes
| signature   = Boucher autograph.png}}
}}

'''François Boucher''' ({{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|b|uː|ʃ|eɪ}} {{respell|BOO|shay}}, {{IPAc-en|US|b|uː|ˈ|ʃ|eɪ}} {{respell|boo|SHAY}}; {{IPA|fr|fʁɑ̃swa buʃe|lang}}; 29 September 1703&nbsp;– 30 May 1770) was a French [[painting|painter]], draughtsman and etcher, who worked in the [[Rococo]] style. Boucher is known for his idyllic and voluptuous paintings on classical themes, decorative allegories, and [[pastoral]] scenes. He was perhaps the most celebrated painter and decorative artist of the 18th century.

==Life==
A native of Paris, Boucher was the son of a lesser known painter Nicolas Boucher, who gave him his first artistic training. At the age of seventeen, a painting by Boucher was admired by the painter [[François Lemoyne]]. Lemoyne later appointed Boucher as his apprentice, but after only three months, he went to work for the engraver [[Jean-François Cars]].<ref name="Oxford">Alastair Laing. "Boucher, François." Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 16 June 2016</ref>
[[Image:Marie-Jeanne Buzeau by Alexandre Roslin.jpg|thumb|left|220px|''Portrait of Marie-Jeanne Buzeau, wife of Boucher'' by [[Alexander Roslin]]]]

In 1720, he won the elite [[Grand Prix de Rome]] for painting, but did not take up the consequential opportunity to study in Italy until five years later, due to financial problems at the [[Académie royale de peinture et de sculpture]].<ref name="Oxford" /> On his return from studying in Italy he was admitted to the refounded [[Académie de peinture et de sculpture]] on 24 November 1731.<ref name=Lev>[[Michael Levey|Levey, Michael]]. (1993) ''Painting and sculpture in France 1700–1789''. New Haven: [[Yale University Press]], p. 164. {{ISBN|0300064942}}</ref> His ''[[Reception piece|morceau de réception]]'' (reception piece) was his ''Rinaldo and Armida'' of 1734.<ref name=Lev/>

Boucher married Marie-Jeanne Buzeau in 1733. The couple had three children together. Boucher became a faculty member in 1734 and his career accelerated from this point as he was promoted Professor then Rector of the academy, becoming inspector at the [[Gobelins Manufactory|Royal Gobelins Manufactory]] and finally ''[[Premier Peintre du Roi]]'' (First Painter of the King) in 1765.
[[Image:Resting_Girl_by_Fran%C3%A7ois_Boucher_(1753)_-_Alte_Pinakothek_-_Munich_-_Germany_2017_(crop).jpg|thumb|''[[The Blonde Odalisque]]'' or ''Resting Girl'', (thought to be [[Marie-Louise O'Murphy]])<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wallace |first=Arminta |title=Marie-Louise O'Murphy, the Versailles king's Irish mistress |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/abroad/marie-louise-o-murphy-the-versailles-king-s-irish-mistress-1.3097712 |access-date=2023-09-09 |newspaper=The Irish Times |language=en}}</ref> {{Circa|1752}}]]

Boucher died on 30 May 1770 in his native Paris. His name, along with that of his patron [[Madame de Pompadour]], had become synonymous with the French Rococo style, leading the [[Goncourt brothers]] to write: "Boucher is one of those men who represent the taste of a century, who express, personify and embody it."

Boucher is famous for saying that nature is "trop verte et mal éclairée" (too green and badly lit).<ref>{{cite journal|last=Houssaye|first=Arsène|title=Boucher et la peinture sous Louis XV|journal=Revue des deux mondes|series=New series|volume=3|year=1843|pages=70–98}} p. 86 (citing a letter to [[Nicolas Lancret]]).</ref>

Boucher was associated with the gemstone engraver [[Jacques Guay]], whom he taught to draw. He also mentored the Moravian-Austrian painter [[Martin Ferdinand Quadal]] as well as the neoclassical painter [[Jacques-Louis David]] in 1767.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://arthive.com/artists/31055~Martin_Ferdinand_Quadal|title=Martin Ferdinand Quadal – Biography, Interesting Facts, Famous Artworks|website=Arthive|access-date=2019-04-03}}</ref> Later, Boucher made a series of drawings of works by Guay which Madame de Pompadour then engraved and distributed as a handsomely bound volume to favored courtiers.<ref>{{cite book|pages=[https://archive.org/details/noticesurejacqu01letugoog/page/n168 10]–12 |last=Leturcq|first=Jean François|title=Notice sur Jacques Guay, graveur sur pierres fines du roi Louis xv. Documents émanant de Guay, et notes sur les œuvres de gravure en taille-douce et en pierres fines de la marquise de Pompadour |publisher=Baur |url=https://archive.org/details/noticesurejacqu01letugoog|access-date=2014-08-24 |year=1873}}</ref>

==Painting==
[[File:The secret message, by François Boucher.jpg|thumbnail|left|upright|''The Secret Message'', 1767 ([[Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum]], Braunschweig)]]
Boucher took inspiration from artists such as [[Peter Paul Rubens]] and [[Antoine Watteau]].<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://www.vam.ac.uk/blog/creating-new-europe-1600-1800-galleries/born-on-this-day-francois-boucher|title = Born on this Day: Francois Boucher|date = September 30, 2014|website = Victoria and Albert Museum|last = Hoskin|first = Dawn}}</ref> Boucher's early works celebrate the idyllic and tranquil portrayal of nature and landscape with great elan.<ref>{{Cite journal|jstor = 871018|title = Francois Boucher's Early Development|last1 = Voss|first1 = Hermann|date = March 1953|journal = The Burlington Magazine|last2 = Barea|first2 = Ilse|publisher = Burlington Magazine Publications Ltd.|volume = 95| issue=600 |page = 82}}</ref> However, his art typically forgoes traditional rural innocence to portray scenes with a definitive style of [[eroticism]] as his mythological scenes are passionate and intimately amorous rather than traditionally epic. Boucher's paintings of a flirtatious shepherd and shepherdess in a woodland setting, featured in ''The Enjoyable Lesson'' (''The Flute Players'') of 1748 and ''An Autumn Pastoral'' (''The Grape Eaters'') of 1749, were based upon characters in a 1745 play by Boucher's close friend Charles-Simon Favart. Boucher's characters in those paintings later inspired a pair of figurines created by the Sèvres Porcelain Manufactory, {{Circa|1757}}–66.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Zarucchi|first=Jeanne Morgan|date=2016|title=The Shepherdess' Progress: From Favart to Boucher to Sèvres|journal=Konsthistorisk Tidskrift (Journal of Art History, Stockholm)|volume=85|issue=2|pages=141–158|doi=10.1080/00233609.2016.1142474|s2cid=192925316}}</ref> [[Madame de Pompadour|Marquise de Pompadour]] (mistress of King [[Louis XV of France|Louis XV]]), whose name became synonymous with Rococo art, was a great admirer of his work.<ref name="Hyde 455">{{Cite journal|title = The "Makeup" of the Marquise: Boucher's Portrait of Pompadour at her Toilette|last = Hyde|first = Melissa|date = September 2000|journal = Art Bulletin|doi = 10.2307/3051397|volume = 82|issue = 3|page = 455|jstor = 3051397|issn = 0004-3079}}</ref> Marquise de Pompadour is often referred to as the "godmother of Rococo"<ref name="Hyde 455" /> and Boucher's portraits were central to her self-presentation and cultivation of her image. For instance, Boucher's 'Sketch for a Portrait of Madame de Pompadour', displayed in the Starhemburg room at [[Waddesdon Manor]], acts as a surviving example of the oil preparation prior to the, now lost, portrait. In one hand she holds her hat, in the other she picks up a pearl bracelet with a portrait of the king – symbolising the relationship upon which her status depends.

[[File:Virgin and Child with the Young Saint John the Baptist and Angels MET DP123935.jpg|thumb|''[[Mary, mother of Jesus|Virgin]] and [[Christ Child|Child]] with the Young Saint [[John the Baptist]] and Angels'', 1765 ([[Metropolitan Museum of Art]])]]
Boucher's paintings such as ''The Breakfast'' (1739), a familial scene, show how he was as a master of the [[Genre works|genre]] scene, where he regularly used his own wife and children as models. These intimate family scenes are contrasting to the licentious style seen in his ''[[Odalisque]]'' portraits.

The dark-haired version of the ''Odalisque'' portraits prompted claims by the art critic [[Denis Diderot]] that Boucher was "prostituting his own wife", and the ''[[The Blonde Odalisque|Blonde Odalisque]]'' was a portrait that illustrated the extramarital relationships of the King. Boucher gained lasting notoriety through such private commissions for wealthy collectors and, after Diderot expressed his disapproval, his reputation came under increasing critical attack during the last years of his career.
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==Theatrical and tapestry designs==
[[File:François Boucher - La Nymphe Callisto, séduite par Jupiter sous les traits de Diane (1759).jpg|thumb|''[[Jupiter and Callisto (Boucher, 1759)|Jupiter and Callisto]]'', 1759 ([[Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art]], Kansas City)]]
Along with his painting, Boucher also designed theater costumes and sets, and the ardent intrigues of the comic operas of [[Charles Simon Favart]] closely paralleled his own style of painting. [[Tapestry]] design was also a concern. For the [[Beauvais tapestry]] workshops he first designed a series of ''Fêtes italiennes'' ("Italian festivals") in 1736, which proved to be very successful and often rewoven over the years, and then, commissioned in 1737, a suite of the story of [[Cupid and Psyche]].<ref>Kathryn B. Hiesinger, "The Sources of François Boucher's 'Psyche' Tapestries" ''Philadelphia Museum of Art Bulletin'' '''72''' No. 314 (November 1976), pp. 7–23.</ref> During two decades' involvement with the Beauvais tapestry workshops Boucher produced designs for six series of hangings in all, like [[:File:Designed by François Boucher, French - Tapestry showing Psyche and the Basketmaker - Google Art Project.jpg|the tapestry showing Psyche and the Basketmaker from 1741 to 1742]].

Boucher was also called upon for designs for court festivities organized by that section of the King's household called the [[Menus-Plaisirs du Roi]] and for the opera and for royal châteaux [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]], [[Château de Fontainebleau|Fontainebleau]] and [[Choisy-le-Roi|Choisy]]. His designs for all of the aforementioned augmented his earlier reputation, resulting in many engravings from his work and even reproduction of his designs on [[porcelain]] and [[biscuit-ware]] at the [[Vincennes porcelain|Vincennes]] and [[Manufacture nationale de Sèvres|Sèvres]] factories. The death of [[Jean-Baptiste Oudry|Oudry]] in 1755 put an end to its contribution to Beauvais but his collaboration with the Gobelins lasted until 1765, when he stepped down from his position as an inspector.

==Drawings and prints==
[[File:François Boucher - Young Country Girl Dancing - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|''Young Country Girl Dancing'', black, red and white chalk and [[stump (drawing)|stump]] on paper]]

[[File:François Boucher, Aurora, c. 1733, NGA 111589.jpg|thumb|left|''Aurora'', c. 1733, [[National Gallery of Art]]]]

Boucher was a very prolific and varied draftsman. His drawings served not only as preparatory studies for his paintings and as designs for printmakers but also as finished works of art for which there was a great demand by collectors. Boucher followed standard studio practices of the time, by first working out the overall composition of his major canvases, and then making chalk studies for individual figures, or groups of figures. He also relied on oil and gouache sketches in the preparation of major commissions.

Gradually he made more and more sketches as independent works for the market. The [[:File:François Boucher - The Adoration of the Shepherds.jpg|''Adoration of the Shepherds'']] (Metropolitan Museum of Art), a free and painterly sketch in gouache, was long considered a preparatory sketch for Madame de Pompadour's private altarpiece ''La lumière du monde'' (ca. 1750, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon). Recent scholarship suggests, however, that it was made at least 10 years later as an autonomous work. In the last decade of his career the artist began to favor brown chalk, a fabricated medium.<ref>[http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/bouc/hd_bouc.htm Perrin Stein. ''François Boucher (1703–1770)''] at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, October 2003.</ref>

Boucher was also a gifted engraver and etcher. Boucher etched some 180 original copperplates. He made many etchings after Watteau. He thus helped propagate a taste for reproductions of drawings. When his own drawings began to sell, 266 of them were etched in stipple substitutes by [[Gilles Demarteau]]. These were printed in red ink so they resembled red chalk drawings which could be framed as little pictures. They could then be hung in the small blank spaces of the elaborately decorated paneling of luxury dwellings.

Boucher's most original inventions were decorative, and he contributed to the fashionable style of [[chinoiserie]], after having etched 12 'Figures Chinoises' (Chinese figures) by Watteau.<ref>[http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/94303/rec/1 Alpheus Hyatt Mayor, ''Prints & People: A Social History of Printed Pictures''], Metropolitan Museum of Art (New York, N.Y.), 1 January 1971, p. 589</ref>
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==Gallery==
<gallery widths="220" heights="220">
File:François Boucher 003.jpg|''[[Self-portrait]] in the Studio'', 1720, [[Louvre]]
File:François Boucher - 'Putti with Birds'.jpg|''Putti with Birds'', 1730–1733, [[Honolulu Museum of Art]]
File:Boucher renaud et armide louvre.jpg|''Rinaldo and Armida'', 1734 ([[Reception piece]]), [[Louvre]]
File:François Boucher - The Triumph of Venus - Google Art Project.jpg|''[[The Triumph of Venus]]'', 1740, [[Nationalmuseum]] Stockholm
File:Boucher Leda LACMA.jpeg|''[[Leda and the Swan|Leda]] and the Swan'', 1741, [[Los Angeles County Museum of Art]]
File:Boucher Diane sortant du bain Louvre 2712.jpg|''[[Diana Bathing (Boucher)|Diana Leaving the Bath]]'', 1742, [[Louvre]]
File:François Boucher (?) et son atelier, La Toilette de Vénus (après 1743).jpg|''La Toilette de Venus'', after 1743, [[Hermitage Museum]]
File:Portrait of Alexandrine Le Normant d'Étiolles (daughter of Madame de Pompadour), playing with a Goldfinch.jpg|''Portrait of [[Alexandrine Le Normant d'Étiolles]], playing with a Goldfinch'' 1749, [[Château de Versailles]]
File:François Boucher, Sketch for a Portrait of Madame de Pompadour (1721 - 1764), c. 1750 at Waddesdon Manor.jpg|''Sketch for a Portrait of [[Madame de Pompadour]]'', 1750, [[Waddesdon Manor]]
File:Venus Consoling Love, François Boucher, 1751.jpg|''[[Venus Consoling Love]]'', 1751, [[National Gallery of Art]]
File:The Toilet of Venus, by François Boucher.jpg|''The Toilette of Venus'' (1751) [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]]
File:François Boucher 007.jpg|''The Bridge'', 1751, [[Louvre Museum]]
File:Boucher Marquise de Pompadour 1756.jpg|''[[Madame de Pompadour]]'', 1756, [[Neue Pinakothek]]
File:Saint Pierre tentant de marcher sur les eaux by François Boucher.jpg|''[[Saint Peter]] Attempting to Walk on Water'', 1766, Cathédrale Saint-Louis, [[Versailles (city)|Versailles]]
File:François Boucher - Dreaming Shepherdess - WGA02914.jpg|''Dreaming Shepherdess'', 1763, [[Residenzgalerie]]
File:François Boucher Autumn Pastoral.jpg|''[[Pastoral with a Couple near a Fountain]]'', 1749, [[Wallace Collection]]
File:Vulcan Presenting Arms to Venus for Aeneas.jpg|''Vulcan Presenting Arms to Venus for Aeneas'' (1756), Oil on canvas, 16 1/4 x 17 13/16 in. (41.2 x 45.3 cm), [[Clark Art Institute]]
File:Boucher Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas.jpg|''[[Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas (Boucher)|Vulcan Presenting Venus with Arms for Aeneas]]'', 1757, [[Pushkin Museum]]
File:François Boucher, Aurora Heralding the Arrival of the Morning Sun, c. 1765, NGA 137045.jpg|alt=Aurora and some heavenly beings greeting the rising sun|''Aurora Heralding the Arrival of the Morning Sun'', 1765, [[National Gallery of Art]]
File:Франсуа Буше. Мадонна с младенцем и маленьким Иоанном Крестителем, 118х90 см..jpg|''[[Madonna (art)|Madonna]] and Child with the Infant John the Baptist'', 18th-century, [[Pushkin Museum]]
File:François Boucher - The Dovecote.jpg|''The Dovecote'', 1758, [[Saint Louis Art Museum]]
File:Allegory of Painting sc493FXD.jpg|''Allegory of Painting'', 1765, National Gallery of Art
</gallery>

==Works by François Boucher==
This is an incomplete '''list of works by François Boucher'''.
{{div col|colwidth=25em}}
*''Death of Meleager'' ({{circa|1727}}), [[Los Angeles County Museum of Art]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.lacma.org/node/201945 |title=Death of Meleager &#124; LACMA Collections |publisher=Collections.lacma.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Project for a Cartouche'' ({{circa|1727}}), Los Angeles County Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.lacma.org/node/188501 |title=Project for a Cartouche: An Allegory of Minerva, Fame, History and Faith Overcoming Ignorance and Time &#124; LACMA Collections |publisher=Collections.lacma.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''The Rape of Europa'' ({{circa|1732|1734}}), [[Wallace Collection]], London<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rape of Europa |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65418 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Imaginary Landscape with the Palatine Hill from Campo Vaccino'' (1734), [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]], New York<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/435737?rpp=20&pg=1&ft=francois+boucher&what=Paintings&who=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher&pos=2 |title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art – Imaginary Landscape with the Palatine Hill from Campo Vaccino |publisher=Metmuseum.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Monument to Mignard'' ({{circa|1735}}), Los Angeles County Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.lacma.org/node/201913 |title=Monument to Mignard &#124; LACMA Collections |publisher=Collections.lacma.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Venus and Mercury Instructing Cupid'' (1738), Los Angeles County Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.lacma.org/node/229297 |title=Venus and Mercury Instructing Cupid &#124; LACMA Collections |publisher=Collections.lacma.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Cupid Wounding Psyche'' (1741), Los Angeles County Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.lacma.org/node/229321 |title=Cupid Wounding Psyche &#124; LACMA Collections |publisher=Collections.lacma.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Daphnis and Chloe'' (1743), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Daphnis and Chloe |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65319 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Erigone Conquered (Erigone vaincue)'' (1745), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Erigone Conquered (Erigone vaincue) |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65381 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Les Confidences Pastorales'' ({{circa|1745}}), Los Angeles County Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://collections.lacma.org/node/229324 |title=Les Confidences Pastorales &#124; LACMA Collections |publisher=Collections.lacma.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Shepherd Piping to a Shepherdess'' ({{circa|1747|1750}}), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shepherd Piping to a Shepherdess |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleImageLink.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65333 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Arion on the Dolphin'' (1748), [[Princeton University Art Museum]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Arion on the Dolphin (y1980-2)|url=http://artmuseum.princeton.edu/collections/objects/32343|website=Princeton University Art Museum|publisher=Princeton University}}</ref>
*''Pastoral with a Bagpipe Player'' (1749), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pastoral with a Bagpipe Player |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65423 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''[[Pastoral with a Couple near a Fountain]]'' (1749), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pastoral with a Couple near a Fountain |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65416 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''[[Pompadour at Her Toilette]]'' (1750), [[Harvard Art Museums]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.harvardartmuseums.org/art/303561 |title=Jeanne-Antoinette Poisson, Marquise de Pompadour |publisher=Harvard Art Museums |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Sketch for a Portrait of Madame de Pompadour'' ({{circa|1750}}), [[Waddesdon Manor]], Waddesdon<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sketch for a Portrait of Madame de Pompadour |url=https://waddesdon.org.uk/the-collection/item/?id=3185 |access-date=2017-04-24 |website=collection.waddesdon.org.uk |language=en}}</ref>
*''The Interrupted Sleep'' (1750), Metropolitan Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/435738?rpp=20&pg=1&ft=francois+boucher&what=Paintings&who=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher&pos=3 |title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art – The Interrupted Sleep |publisher=Metmuseum.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''The Love Letter'' (1750), [[National Gallery of Art]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The National Gallery of Art – The Love Letter |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.46027.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814024402/https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.46027.html |archive-date=August 14, 2019 |access-date=March 4, 2021 |publisher=Nga.gov}}</ref>
*''The Muse Clio'' ({{circa|1750}}), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Muse Clio |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=ExternalInterface&module=collection&objectId=65424&viewType=detailView |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''The Toilette of Venus'' (1751), Metropolitan Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/435739?rpp=20&pg=1&ft=francois+boucher&what=Paintings&who=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher&pos=5 |title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art – The Toilette of Venus |publisher=Metmuseum.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''[[The Setting of the Sun]]'' (1752), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Setting of the Sun |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65420 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''[[The Rising of the Sun]]'' (1753), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Rising of the Sun |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65419 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Shepherd Boy Playing Bagpipes'' (c. 1754), [[Museum of Fine Arts, Boston|Museum of Fine Arts]], Boston<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/shepherd-boy-playing-bagpipes-33696 |title=Shepherd Boy Playing Bagpipes -François Boucher, French, 1703–1770 &#124; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston |publisher=Mfa.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Cupid a Captive'' (c. 1754), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cupid a Captive |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65366 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Mars and Venus surprised by Vulcan'' (c. 1754), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mars and Venus surprised by Vulcan |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65372 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Pastoral Make-Up (La toillette pastorale)'' (1754), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Pastoral Make-Up (La toillette pastorale) |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65379 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''[[The Judgement of Paris (Boucher)|The Judgment of Paris]]'' (1754), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Judgement of Paris |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65378 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=The Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Venus and Vulcan'' (1754), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Venus and Vulcan |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65363 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Landscape with a Watermill'' (1755), [[National Gallery]], London <!--don't delete other contributions  --><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/francois-boucher-landscape-with-a-watermill |title=François Boucher &#124; Landscape with a Watermill &#124; NG6374 &#124; The National Gallery, London |publisher=Nationalgallery.org.uk |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Venus in the Workshop of Vulcan'' (1757), [[Yale University Art Gallery]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/venus-workshop-vulcan |title=Venus in the Workshop of Vulcan |publisher=Artgallery.yale.edu |access-date=2014-04-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407072255/http://artgallery.yale.edu/collections/objects/venus-workshop-vulcan |archive-date=2014-04-07 }}</ref>
*''[[Fishing (Boucher)|Fishing]]'' (1757), [[Grand Trianon]] 
*''[[Lovers in a Park]]'' (1758), [[Timken Museum of Art]], San Diego<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.timkenmuseum.org/collection/lovers-in-a-park/ |title=Lovers in a Park; Timken Museum, San Diego |publisher=timkenmuseum.org |access-date=2019-06-03}}</ref>
* ''The Dovecote'' (1758), [[Saint Louis Art Museum]], Missouri
*''Madame de Pompadour'' (1759), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Madame de Pompadour |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65352 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Pan and Syrinx'' (1759), National Gallery, London<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/paintings/francois-boucher-pan-and-syrinx |title=François Boucher &#124; Pan and Syrinx &#124; NG1090 &#124; The National Gallery, London |publisher=Nationalgallery.org.uk |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Shepherd and Shepherdess Reposing'' (1761), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Shepherd and Shepherdess Reposing |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65365 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
*''Study of a standing nude young woman seen from behind, raising drapery'' (1762), [[Miguel Urrutia Art Museum]], Bogotá<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.banrepcultural.org/coleccion-de-arte/obra/estudio-de-mujer-joven-de-pie-vista-de-espaldas-levantando-una-tela-study |title=Estudio de mujer joven de pie, vista de espaldas, levantando una tela |publisher=banrepcultural.org |access-date=2022-10-24}}</ref>
*''Angelica and Medoro'' (1763), Metropolitan Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/435742?rpp=20&pg=1&ft=francois+boucher&what=Paintings&who=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher&pos=6 |title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art – Angelica and Medoro |publisher=Metmuseum.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Jupiter, in the Guise of Diana, and Callisto'' (1763), Metropolitan Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/435747?rpp=20&pg=1&ft=francois+boucher&what=Paintings&who=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher&pos=4 |title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art – Jupiter, in the Guise of Diana, and Callisto |publisher=Metmuseum.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''[[The Judgment of Paris (Boucher)|The Judgment of Paris]]'' ({{circa|1763}}), [[Musée des Beaux-Arts de Mulhouse]]
*''Aurora Heralding the Arrival of the Morning Sun'' (1765), National Gallery of Art<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 June 1765 |title=Aurora Heralding the Arrival of the Morning Sun |url=https://www.nga.gov/collection/art-object-page.137045.html |access-date=2019-11-16 |website=www.nga.gov}}</ref>
*''Virgin and Child with the Young Saint John the Baptist and Angels'' (1765), Metropolitan Museum of Art<ref>Virgin and Child with the Young Saint John the Baptist and Angels</ref>
* ''Halt at the Spring'' (1765), Museum of Fine Arts, Boston<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/halt-at-the-spring-30845 |title=Halt at the Spring -François Boucher, French, 1703–1770 &#124; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston |publisher=Mfa.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
* ''The Bird Has Flown'' (1765), [[Snite Museum of Art]], University of Notre Dame<ref>{{cite web |title=The Bird Has Flown |url=http://sniteartmuseum.nd.edu/collections/european/ |access-date=2016-03-29 |publisher=University of Notre Dame}}</ref>
* ''Return from Market'' (1767), Museum of Fine Arts, Boston<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mfa.org/collections/object/return-from-market-30846 |title=Return from Market -François Boucher, French, 1703–1770 &#124; Museum of Fine Arts, Boston |publisher=Mfa.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Shepherd's Idyll'' (1768), Metropolitan Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/435745?rpp=20&pg=1&ft=francois+boucher&what=Paintings&who=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher&pos=1 |title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art – Shepherd's Idyll |publisher=Metmuseum.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Washerwomen'' (1768), Metropolitan Museum of Art<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metmuseum.org/Collections/search-the-collections/435746?rpp=20&pg=1&ft=francois+boucher&what=Paintings&who=Fran%C3%A7ois+Boucher&pos=7 |title=The Metropolitan Museum of Art – Washerwomen |publisher=Metmuseum.org |access-date=2014-04-05}}</ref>
*''Jupiter and Callisto'' (1769), Wallace Collection, London<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jupiter and Callisto |url=https://wallacelive.wallacecollection.org/eMP/eMuseumPlus?service=direct/1/ResultDetailView/result.inline.list.t1.collection_list.$TspTitleLink$1.link&sp=13&sp=Sartist&sp=SelementList&sp=0&sp=0&sp=999&sp=SdetailView&sp=0&sp=Sdetail&sp=1&sp=T&sp=0&sp=SdetailList&sp=0&sp=F&sp=Scollection&sp=l65380 |access-date=February 28, 2025 |website=Wallace Collection Online}}</ref>
{{divcol end}}

==See also==
* [[List of Orientalist artists]]
* [[Orientalism]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin|30em}}
;General studies
Adapted from a following source: {{cite book|last=Freitag|first=Wolfgang M.|date=1997|orig-date=1985|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=beHYAQAAQBAJ|title=Art Books: A Basic Bibliography of Monographs on Artists|edition=2nd|location=New York, London|publisher=Garland|at=pp. 42–43, entries nos. 1200–1213|isbn=0-8240-3326-4|lccn=96028425}}
* {{cite book|last=Ananoff|first=Alexandre|editor-last=Wildenstein|editor-first=Daniel|editor-link=Daniel Wildenstein|date=1976|title=Boucher|type=catalogue raisonné|language=fr|location=Lausanne, Paris|publisher=La Bibliothéque des Arts}} Vols. [https://archive.org/details/C.RFrancoisBoucherTomeIWildensteinInstitute/ 1] and [https://archive.org/details/C.RFrancoisBoucherTomeIIWildensteinInstitute 2] available via the [[Internet Archive]].
* {{Cite book|last=Bailey|first=Colin B.|url=https://archive.org/details/lovesofgodsmytho0000bail/|title=The Loves of the Gods: Mythological Painting from Watteau to David|publisher=Rizzoli, Kimbell Art Museum|year=1992|isbn=0-8478-1521-8|oclc=1245529108|location=New York; Fort Worth, TX|type=exhibition catalogue|url-access=registration|via=the Internet Archive}}
* {{cite book|last=Brunel|first=Georges|url=https://archive.org/details/boucher0000brun/|url-access=registration|title=Boucher|year=1986 |language=fr|location=Paris|publisher=Flammarion|isbn=2-08-012066-2|lccn=86-11145|via=the Internet Archive}}
* {{Cite book|last=Hyde|first=Melissa Lee|url=https://archive.org/details/makinguprococofr0000hyde|title=Making Up the Rococo: François Boucher and His Critics|publisher=Getty Research Institute|year=2006|isbn=0-89236-743-1|location=Los Angeles, CA|oclc=1150262302|url-access=registration|via=the Internet Archive}}
* {{Cite book|last=Kahn|first=Gustave|url=https://archive.org/details/boucherbiographi00kahnuoft|title=Boucher: biographie critique|language=fr|publisher=H. Laurens|year=1904|location=Paris|oclc=1041628220|via=the Internet Archive}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/franoisboucher00bouc|url-access=registration|last=Laing|first=Alastair|display-authors=etal|title=François Boucher, 1703–1770|publisher=Metropolitan Museum of Art|year=1986|isbn=2-7118-2073-4|location=New York|type=exhibition catalogue|via=the Internet Archive|oclc=1035142859}}
* {{Cite book|last=Mantz|first=Paul|url=https://archive.org/details/gri_33125012607335|title=François Boucher, Lemoyne et Natoire|language=fr|publisher=A. Quantin|year=1880|location=Paris|via=the Internet Archive}}
* {{Cite book|last=Nolhac|first=Pierre de|url=https://archive.org/details/gri_33125012607673|title=François Boucher: premier peintre du roi, 1703-1770|language=fr|publisher=Goupil|year=1907|location=Paris|author-link=Pierre de Nolhac|via=the Internet Archive}} 	
* {{Cite book|last=Priebe|first=Jessica|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1252736555|title=François Boucher and the Art of Collecting in Eighteenth-Century France|publisher=Routledge|year=2022|isbn=9781472435835|location=Abingdon, Oxon; New York|oclc=1252736555}}
* {{Cite book|last=Wakefield|first=David|title=Boucher|publisher=Chaucer Press|year=2005|isbn=1-904449-352|location=London}}
;Reference works
* {{cite encyclopedia|last=Blumer|first=Marie-Louise|editor-last=Prevost|editor-first=Michel|editor-last2=Roman d'Amat|editor-first2=Jean-Charles|date=1954|title=Boucher (François)|encyclopedia=Dictionnaire de biographie française|language=fr|volume=6|location=Paris|publisher=Letouzet et Ané|at=cols. 1202–1205|oclc=922284772}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|last=Geffroy|first=Gustave|author-link=Gustave Geffroy|editor-last=Thieme|editor-first=Ulrich|editor-link=Ulrich Thieme|editor-last2=Becker|editor-first2=Felix|editor-link2=Felix Becker (art historian)|date=1910|url=https://archive.org/details/allgemeineslexik04thie/page/428/mode/2up|title=Boucher, François|language=de|encyclopedia=[[Thieme-Becker|Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler]]|volume=4|location=Leipzig|publisher=W. Engelmann|pages=428–432|oclc=1039507204|via=the Internet Archive}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|url=https://archive.org/details/dictionaryofart04turn/page/511/mode/1up|title=Boucher, François|last=Laing|first=Alastair|date=1996a|encyclopedia=[[The Dictionary of Art]]|volume=4|editor-last=Turner|editor-first=Jane|location=New York|publisher=Grove's Dictionaries|pages=511–519|isbn=1-884446-00-0|oclc=1033646743|via=the Internet Archive}}
* {{cite encyclopedia|title=Boucher, François|last=Laing|first=Alastair|date=1996b|editor-last=Kasten|editor-first=Eberhard|display-editors=etal|encyclopedia=[[Allgemeines Künstlerlexikon]]|language=de|volume=13|location=München, Leipzig|publisher=Saur|pages=289–293|isbn=3-598-22753-1}}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|François Boucher}}
* [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata%3AWikiProject_sum_of_all_paintings%2FCreator%2FFran%C3%A7ois_Boucher Chronological list of Paintings by François Boucher] at Wikidata
* {{Art UK bio}}
* [http://www.francoisboucher.org François Boucher.org]
*[http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/madame-de-pompadour.html Boucher's ''Madame de Pompadour''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141024202135/http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/madame-de-pompadour.html |date=2014-10-24 }} (video)
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20130116155115/http://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/bouchers-venus-consoling-love.html Boucher's ''Venus Consoling Love''] (video)
*[https://collection.mobiliernational.culture.gouv.fr/recherche?q=boucher Mobilier national collection]

{{François Boucher}}
{{Authority control (arts)}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Boucher, Francois}}
[[Category:1703 births]]
[[Category:1770 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century French painters]]
[[Category:Ballet designers]]
[[Category:French male painters]]
[[Category:French Orientalist painters]]
[[Category:Painters from Paris]]
[[Category:Premiers peintres du Roi]]
[[Category:Prix de Rome for painting]]
[[Category:Rococo painters]]
[[Category:French tapestry artists]]
[[Category:18th-century French male artists]]