Editing Fellatio

{{pp-vandalism|small=yes}}
{{hatgrp|
{{other uses}}
{{redirect|Blow job}}
}}{{short description|Oral sex on the penis by a sexual partner}}
[[File:Wiki-fellatio02.png|thumb|250px|An illustration of a woman performing fellatio on a man]]

'''Fellatio''' (also known as '''fellation''',<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fellation |title=fellation |work=[[Merriam-Webster]] |publisher=[[Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100410043040/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/fellation |archive-date=2010-04-10 }}</ref> and in slang as '''blowjob''', '''BJ''', '''giving head''', or '''sucking off''')<ref name="BBC">{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/advice/factfile_az/oral_sex |title=Oral Sex |publisher=[[BBC]] |work=BBC Advice |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112034943/http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/advice/factfile_az/oral_sex |archive-date=2010-11-12 }}</ref> is an [[oral sex]] act consisting of the stimulation of a [[human penis|penis]] by using the mouth.<ref>{{cite book |last=Krychman|first=Michael|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3X7UriJY2TsC&dq=%E2%80%9Cfellatio%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Cbetween+the+mouth%E2%80%9D&pg=PT189|title=100 Questions & Answers About Women's Sexual Wellness and Vitality: A Practical Guide for the Woman Seeking Sexual Fulfillment|publisher=Jones & Bartlett Learning|year=2009 |isbn=978-0-76375-448-8|page=176 |access-date=September 30, 2023}}</ref><ref name="Weiten">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y6QRJb40C84C&pg=PA422 |title=Psychology Applied to Modern Life: Adjustment in the 21st century |publisher=Cengage Learning |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-495-55339-7 |page=422 |access-date=February 26, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140707114618/http://books.google.com/books?id=Y6QRJb40C84C&pg=PA422 |archive-date=July 7, 2014 |author=Wayne Weiten |author2=Margaret A. Lloyd |author3=Dana S. Dunn |author4=Elizabeth Yost Hammer}}</ref> Oral stimulation of the [[scrotum]] may also be termed ''fellatio'',<ref name="Kar">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YxcjMPbGHQIC&pg=PA106 |title=Comprehensive Textbook of Sexual Medicine |publisher=[[Jaypee Brothers| Jaypee Brothers Publishers]] |year=2005 |isbn=978-81-8061-405-7 |page=106 |access-date=September 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161228115529/https://books.google.com/books?id=YxcjMPbGHQIC&pg=PA106 |archive-date=December 28, 2016 |author=Nilamadhab Kar |author2=Gopal Chandra Kar}}</ref><ref name="Crooks">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MpRnPtmdRVwC |title=Our Sexuality |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-495-81294-4 |page=241 |quote=Fellatio (fuh-LAY-shee-oh) is oral stimulation of the penis and scrotum. |access-date=September 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210310000903/https://books.google.com/books?id=MpRnPtmdRVwC |archive-date=March 10, 2021 |author=Robert Crooks |author2=Karla Baur}}</ref> or colloquially as ''[[teabagging]]''.<ref name="Dalzell">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=csoUlMw_xnIC&pg=PA180 |title=Sex Slang |publisher=[[Psychology Press]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-203-93577-4 |page=180 |access-date=September 12, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731142036/https://books.google.com/books?id=csoUlMw_xnIC&pg=PA180 |archive-date=July 31, 2020 |author=Tom Dalzell |author2=Terry Victor}}</ref> 

It may be performed by a [[sexual partner]] as [[foreplay]] before other [[human sexual activity|sexual activities]], such as [[sexual intercourse|vaginal]] or [[anal sex|anal]] intercourse,<ref name="Carroll">{{cite book |author=Janell L. Carroll |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&pg=PA265 |title=Sexuality Now: Embracing Diversity |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-495-60274-3 |pages=265–267 |access-date=August 29, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131013022345/http://books.google.com/books?id=5f8mQx7ULs4C&pg=PA265 |archive-date=October 13, 2013 }}</ref><ref name="NHS">{{cite web|url=http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/1685.aspx?CategoryID=118&SubCategoryID=119 |title=What is oral sex? |date=2009-01-15 |publisher=[[National Health Service (England)|NHS]] |work=[[NHS Choices]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101001051117/http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/1685.aspx?CategoryID=118&SubCategoryID=119 |archive-date=2010-10-01 }}</ref> or as an [[Eroticism|erotic]] and [[physical intimacy|physically intimate act]] of its own.<ref name="Carroll"/><ref name="Weiten"/> Fellatio creates a risk of contracting [[sexually transmitted infection]]s (STIs), but the risk is significantly lower than that of vaginal or anal sex, especially for [[HIV]] transmission.<ref name="WHO">{{cite web| title = Global strategy for the prevention and control of sexually transmitted infections: 2006–2015. Breaking the chain of transmission| publisher = [[World Health Organization]]| year = 2007| access-date = November 26, 2011| url = http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241563475_eng.pdf| archive-date = March 23, 2014| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140323122753/http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2007/9789241563475_eng.pdf| url-status = live}}</ref><ref name="Hales">{{Cite book |author=Dianne Hales |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oP91HVIMPRIC&pg=PA269 |title=An Invitation to Health Brief 2010-2011 |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-495-39192-0 |pages=269–271 |access-date=August 29, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231143640/http://books.google.com/books?id=oP91HVIMPRIC&pg=PA269 |archive-date=December 31, 2013 }}</ref><ref name="Alexander">{{cite book |author=William Alexander |author2=Helaine Bader |author3=Judith H. LaRosa |title=New Dimensions in Women's Health|isbn=978-1-4496-8375-7|publisher=[[Jones & Bartlett Learning|Jones & Bartlett Publishers]]|year=2011|page=211|access-date=August 29, 2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GVPHhIM3IZ0C&pg=PA211|archive-date=July 15, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140715160215/http://books.google.com/books?id=GVPHhIM3IZ0C&pg=PA211|url-status=live}}</ref>

Most countries do not have laws banning the practice of fellatio, though some cultures may consider it [[taboo]].<ref name="Carroll"/> People may also refrain from engaging in fellatio due to personal preference, negative feelings, or [[sexual inhibition]]s.<ref name="Carroll"/> Commonly, people do not view oral sex as affecting the [[virginity]] of either partner, though opinions on the matter vary.<ref name="Carpenter">See [https://books.google.com/books?id=6qNCeI2AcY4C&pg=PT11 here] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814105404/https://books.google.com/books?id=6qNCeI2AcY4C&pg=PT11 |date=2020-08-14 }} and [https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC&pg=PA48 47-49] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201074430/https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC&pg=PA48 |date=2016-12-01 }} for male virginity, how gay and lesbian individuals define virginity loss, and for how the majority of researchers and heterosexuals define virginity loss/"technical virginity" by whether or not a person has engaged in vaginal sex. {{Cite book|author=Laura M. Carpenter|title=Virginity lost: An Intimate Portrait of First Sexual Experiences|publisher=[[New York University|NYU Press]]|year=2005|access-date=October 9, 2011|pages=295 pages|isbn=978-0-8147-1652-6|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC&q=Virginity+Lost:+An+Intimate+Portrait+of+First+Sexual+Experiences|archive-date=January 25, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035705/https://books.google.com/books?id=pXXZn_qSoDoC&q=Virginity+Lost%3A+An+Intimate+Portrait+of+First+Sexual+Experiences|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Intimate">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qjvoSOMB5JMC&pg=PA186 |title=The Marriage and Family Experience: Intimate Relationship in a Changing Society |publisher=[[Cengage Learning]] |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-534-62425-5 |page=186 |quote=Most people agree that we maintain virginity as long as we refrain from sexual (vaginal) intercourse. But occasionally we hear people speak of 'technical virginity' [...] Data indicate that 'a very significant proportion of teens ha[ve] had experience with oral sex, even if they haven't had sexual intercourse, and may think of themselves as virgins' [...] Other research, especially research looking into virginity loss, reports that 35% of virgins, defined as people who have never engaged in vaginal intercourse, have nonetheless engaged in one or more other forms of heterosexual sexual activity (e.g., oral sex, anal sex, or mutual masturbation). |access-date=October 8, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200724205226/https://books.google.com/books?id=qjvoSOMB5JMC&pg=PA186 |archive-date=July 24, 2020 |author=Bryan Strong |author2=Christine DeVault |author3=Theodore F. Cohen}}</ref><ref name="Brady">{{cite journal| author1=Sonya S. Brady| author2=Bonnie L. Halpern-Felsher| title=Adolescents' Reported Consequences of Having Oral Sex Versus Vaginal Sex| journal=[[Pediatrics (journal)|Pediatrics]]| year=2007| volume=119| issue=2| pages=229–236| doi=10.1542/peds.2006-1727| pmid=17272611| url=http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/119/2/229.full.pdf| citeseerx=10.1.1.321.9520| s2cid=17998160| access-date=2017-10-24| archive-date=2020-04-20| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200420213133/https://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/119/2/229| url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Virgin">{{cite magazine|first=Michael|last=Joseph Gross|title=Like a Virgin|id=0001-8996|magazine=[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]]|publisher=Here Publishing|year=2003|pages=44–45|access-date=2011-03-13|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eWQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA44|archive-date=2021-05-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210503141409/https://books.google.com/books?id=eWQEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA44|url-status=live}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The English noun ''fellatio'' comes from the [[Latin]] ''{{lang|la|fellātus}}'', the past [[participle]] of the verb ''{{lang|la|fellāre}}'', meaning "to suck".<ref>{{cite book|title = The Chambers Dictionary | publisher = Allied Chambers (India) limited |year = 2002|page=592|access-date = September 16, 2023 |isbn= 978-8-18606-225-8 |url =https://books.google.com/books?id=pz2ORay2HWoC&dq=%E2%80%9Cfellatio%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Cfell%C4%81tus%E2%80%9D&pg=PA592}}</ref> In ''fellatio'', the ''-us'' is replaced by the ''-io'' while the declension stem ends in ''-ion-'', which gives the suffix the form ''-ion'' (cf. French ''fellation''). The ''-io''(''n'') ending is used in English to create nouns from Latin [[adjective]]s and it can indicate a state or action wherein the Latin verb is being, or has been, performed.

Further English words have been created based on the same Latin root. A person who performs fellatio upon another (i.e. who ''fellates'') may be termed a ''fellator.'' Latin's [[grammatical gender|gender based declension]] means this word may be restricted to describing a male. The equivalent term for a female is ''fellatrix''.

==Practice==
===General===
[[File:Édouard-Henri Avril (20).jpg|thumb|upright=1.4|Illustration by [[Édouard-Henri Avril]] (1849–1928) depicting fellatio]]

The essential aspect of fellatio is oral stimulation of the penis (including the [[Body of penis|shaft]] and [[Glans penis|glans]]) through sucking with the mouth, use of the tongue for licking, using the lips, or some combination.<ref name="Carroll"/> One method is the sex partner taking the penis into the mouth and moving smoothly up and down to a rhythm while being careful to avoid contact with the teeth.<ref name="Carroll"/> Fellatio also includes oral stimulation of the scrotum, whether licking, sucking or taking the entire scrotum into the mouth.<ref name="Kar"/><ref name="Crooks"/> During the act, [[orgasm]] may be achieved and [[semen]] may be [[Ejaculation|ejaculated]] into the partner's mouth.<ref name="Carroll"/><ref name="Weiten"/> When the penis is thrust into someone's mouth, it is called ''[[irrumatio]]'', though the term is rarely used.<ref name="SL">{{cite web|url=http://www.sex-lexis.com/Sex-Dictionary/irrumatio|title=irrumatio in Sex-Lexis|access-date=2009-07-07|archive-date=2018-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930020011/http://www.sex-lexis.com/Sex-Dictionary/irrumatio|url-status=live}}</ref>

Performing fellatio can trigger the [[pharyngeal reflex|gag reflex]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bullough |first1=Bonnie |last2= Bullough|first2= Vern|title = Human Sexuality: An Encyclopedia | publisher = Garland Pub.|year = 1994|access-date = September 14, 2023 |page=427|isbn= 978-0-82407-972-7 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=y5HFtMkmFMYC&dq=%E2%80%9Cfellatio%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%9Cgag+reflex%E2%80%9D&pg=PA427}}</ref> 

It is physically possible for men with sufficient flexibility, penis size, or both, to perform fellatio on themselves as a form of [[masturbation]], in an act called [[autofellatio]]. However, few men possess the flexibility and penis length to safely perform the necessary [[frontbend]].<ref>{{cite book | title=[[Savage Love (book)|Savage Love: Straight Answers from America's Most Popular Sex Columnist]] | publisher=[[Penguin Books]] | author=Savage, Dan | year=1998 | pages=242 | isbn=978-0452278158|author-link=Dan Savage}}</ref>

===Deposition of semen===
{{Further|Semen#Ingestion}}
During fellatio, a partner may ingest semen from the penis. As late as 1976, some doctors were advising women in the eighth and ninth months of pregnancy not to swallow semen lest it induce premature labor, but it was later determined to be safe.<ref>{{cite book|title=The Pregnant Couple's Guide to Sex, Romance, and Intimacy|author1=Sandra Margot |author2=Tonianne Robino |isbn=978-0-8065-2323-1|pages=122–123|year=2002 |publisher=Citadel Press }}</ref>

The receiver of fellatio typically becomes [[sexually aroused]]. Once the prerequisite level of sexual stimulation has been achieved and ejaculation becomes imminent, the semen may be discharged onto his partner. The male may position his penis prior to ejaculation so that semen will be deposited onto his partner's face (known as a "[[facial (sexual act)|facial]]"), or other body part such as their [[pearl necklace (sexual act)|neck, chest]] or breast.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Staff|first1=Dalzell Victor Eds|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mAdUqLrKw4YC&pg=PA1455|title=The New Partridge Dictionary of Slang and Unconventional English: J-Z|last2=Partridge|first2=Eric|date=2006|publisher=Taylor & Francis|isbn=978-0-415-25938-5|language=en|access-date=2021-06-02|archive-date=2021-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210603002407/https://books.google.com/books?id=mAdUqLrKw4YC&pg=PA1455|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Deep-throating===
[[File:Wiki-dthroat (cropped).png|alt=A woman with the full length of a man's penis inside her mouth.|thumb|An illustration of a woman deep-throating a man]]
Deep-throating is a sexual act in which a person takes a partner's entire erect penis into the mouth and throat.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/leonardodavincip00freu_0|title=Leonardo da Vinci: A Psychosexual Study of an Infantile Reminiscence|author=Freud, Sigmund|publisher=Moffat Yard & Company|year=1916|location=New York|pages=[https://archive.org/details/leonardodavincip00freu_0/page/39 39]|quote=The situation contained in the phantasy, that a vulture opened the mouth of the child and forcefully belabored it with its tail, corresponds to the idea of fellatio, a sexual act in which the member is placed into the mouth of the woman.|access-date=January 7, 2012}}</ref> The technique and term became popularized by the 1972 [[pornographic]] film [[Deep Throat (film)|''Deep Throat'']].{{Citation needed|date=February 2025}} For deep-throating, the penis must be long enough so that it can reach the back of the receiver's throat.<ref name="Grandma's Sex Handbook 161">{{cite book |author=Wright, Anne |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxVCHdCqOKYC&pg=PA161 |title=Grandma's Sex Handbook |publisher=Intimate Press, USA |year=2009 |isbn=978-0-578-02075-4 |page=161 |access-date=January 7, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731130558/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZxVCHdCqOKYC&pg=PA161 |archive-date=July 31, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Deep-throating can be difficult because of the natural [[Pharyngeal reflex|gag reflex]] that is triggered when the [[soft palate]] is touched.<ref name="urlMedical Neurosciences">{{cite web|url=http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/BrainStem/09NA.html|title=Medical Neurosciences|last1=McDougal|first1=David|last2=Van Lieshout|first2=Dave|publisher=UW-Madison Medical school.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120306024508/http://www.neuroanatomy.wisc.edu/virtualbrain/BrainStem/09NA.html|archive-date=March 6, 2012|access-date=January 7, 2012|last3=Harting|first3=John}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://wordnet.princeton.edu/|title=About WordNet - WordNet - About WordNet|date=2010|publisher=Princeton University.|access-date=January 7, 2012|archive-date=February 8, 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100208082435/http://wordnet.princeton.edu/wordnet/related-projects/|url-status=live}}</ref> People have different sensitivities to this reflex. With practice, some learn to suppress it. Deep-throating leads to a different kind of sexual stimulation of the penis than regular fellatio: the tongue's movement is restricted during deep-throating and sucking becomes impossible;<ref name="Gentry">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q8qtd61hoB8C&pg=PA260|title=The Bedside Orgasm Book: 365 Days of Sexual Ecstasy|author=Gentry, Cynthia W.|publisher=Fair Winds Press|year=2005|isbn=1-59233-101-7|location=Gloucester, Massachusetts USA|page=260|access-date=January 7, 2012|archive-date=July 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731141337/https://books.google.com/books?id=q8qtd61hoB8C&pg=PA260|url-status=live}}</ref> the tightness of the [[pharynx]] can intensely stimulate the glans of the penis.

===Other aspects===
[[File:Wiki-sixtynine-male.jpg|thumb|250px|An illustration of two men performing fellatio on each other in the [[69 position]]]]
The male receiving fellatio receives direct sexual stimulation, while his partner may derive satisfaction from giving him pleasure. Giving and receiving fellatio may happen simultaneously in sex positions like 69 and [[Group sex#Daisy chain|daisy chain]].

Fellatio is sometimes practiced when vaginal or anal penetration would create a physical difficulty for a sex partner. For example, it may be practiced during pregnancy instead of vaginal intercourse by couples wishing to engage in intimate sexual activity while avoiding the difficulty of vaginal intercourse during later stages of pregnancy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.babycenter.com/400_is-it-safe-to-swallow-semen-during-pregnancy_510175_1000.bc |title=Is it safe to swallow semen during pregnancy? |publisher=BabyCenter |access-date=2010-03-19 |archive-date=2008-02-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080215195603/http://www.babycenter.com/400_is-it-safe-to-swallow-semen-during-pregnancy_510175_1000.bc |url-status=usurped }}</ref>

Other reasons why a woman may not wish to have vaginal intercourse include apprehension of losing her virginity or of becoming pregnant,<ref name="Carpenter"/><ref name="Brady"/> or because she may be [[menstruation|menstruating]].

==Health aspects==

===Sexually transmitted infections===

[[Chlamydia infection|Chlamydia]], [[human papillomavirus]] (HPV), [[gonorrhea]], [[herpes simplex virus|herpes]], [[hepatitis]] (multiple strains), and other [[Sexually transmitted disease|sexually transmitted infections]] (STIs) can be transmitted through oral sex.<ref name="WHO"/><ref name="Hales"/><ref name="CDC">{{cite web| title = Sexually Transmitted Disease Surveillance| publisher = [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)| year = 2008| access-date = December 6, 2011| url = https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/surv2008-Complete.pdf| archive-date = October 2, 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181002174224/https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/surv2008-Complete.pdf| url-status = live}} Also see [https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/2008survFactSheet.PDF Fact Sheet] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002174828/https://www.cdc.gov/std/stats08/2008survFactSheet.PDF |date=2018-10-02 }}</ref> Any sexual exchange of bodily fluids with a person infected with [[HIV]], the virus that causes [[HIV/AIDS|AIDS]], poses a risk of infection. Risk of STI infection, however, is generally considered significantly lower for oral sex than for vaginal or anal sex, with HIV transmission considered the lowest risk with regard to oral sex.<ref name="Hales"/><ref name="Alexander"/><ref name="Pratt">{{cite book|author=Robert J. Pratt|title=HIV & AIDS: A Foundation for Nursing and Healthcare Practice|publisher=[[CRC Press]]|page=306|isbn=978-0-340-70639-8|year=2003|access-date=August 21, 2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=naSG-2RgRiYC&pg=PA306|archive-date=July 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731133048/https://books.google.com/books?id=naSG-2RgRiYC&pg=PA306|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Sex and Society">{{cite book|author=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|title=Sex and Society, Volume 1|isbn=978-0-7614-7906-2|publisher=Marshall Cavendish Corporation|page=61|year=2010|access-date=August 29, 2013|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aVDZchwkIMEC&pg=PA61|archive-date=July 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731132841/https://books.google.com/books?id=aVDZchwkIMEC&pg=PA61|url-status=live}}</ref>

There is an increased risk of STI transmission if the receiving partner has wounds on their genitals, or if the giving partner has wounds or open sores on or in their mouth, or bleeding gums.<ref name="Hales"/><ref name="Alexander"/><ref name="CDC, oral sex">{{Cite web|title=Oral Sex and HIV Risk |date=June 2009 |access-date=August 30, 2013 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/Factsheets/pdf/oralsex.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130510210937/http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/resources/Factsheets/pdf/oralsex.pdf |archive-date=May 10, 2013 }}</ref> Brushing the teeth, flossing, or undergoing dental work soon before or after giving fellatio can also increase the risk of transmission, because all of these activities can cause small scratches in the lining of the mouth.<ref name="Hales"/><ref name="Alexander"/> These wounds, even when they are [[Microscopic scale|microscopic]], increase the chances of contracting STIs that can be transmitted orally under these conditions.<ref name="Hales"/><ref name="Alexander"/> Such contact can also lead to more mundane infections from common [[bacteria]] and [[virus]]es found in, around and secreted from the genital regions. Because of the aforementioned factors, medical sources advise the use of [[condom]]s or [[Safe sex#Barrier protection|other effective barrier methods]] when performing or receiving fellatio with a partner whose STI status is unknown.<ref name="WHO"/><ref name="Hales"/><ref name="Alexander"/><ref name="CDC"/>

===HPV and oral cancer link===
Links have been reported between oral sex and [[oral cancer]] with HPV-infected people.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/hpv/index.htm |title=The HPV Connection |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140227175640/http://www.oralcancerfoundation.org/hpv/index.htm |archive-date=2014-02-27 }}</ref>

A 2007 study suggested a [[correlation]] between oral sex and [[Head and neck cancer|throat cancer]]. It is believed that this is due to the transmission of HPV, a virus that has been implicated in the majority of cervical cancers and which has been detected in throat cancer tissue in numerous studies. The study concludes that people who had one to five oral sex partners in their lifetime had approximately a doubled risk of throat cancer compared with those who never engaged in this activity and those with more than five oral sex partners had a 250 percent increased risk.<ref>{{cite journal |author=D'Souza G |title=Case-control study of human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=356 |issue=19 |pages=1944–1956 |year=2007 |pmid=17494927 |doi=10.1056/NEJMoa065497 |author2=Kreimer AR |author3=Viscidi R |display-authors=3 |last4=Pawlita |first4=Michael |last5=Fakhry |first5=Carole |last6=Koch |first6=Wayne M. |last7=Westra |first7=William H. |last8=Gillison |first8=Maura L.|s2cid=18819678 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>Khamsi, Roxanne, [https://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn11819 "Oral sex can cause throat cancer"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930045811/http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn11819 |date=2007-09-30 }}, ''New Scientist'', London, 9 May 2007.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn11819 |title=New Scientist: "Oral sex can cause throat cancer" – 09 May 2007 |publisher=newscientist.com |access-date=2010-03-19 |archive-date=2007-09-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930045811/http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn11819 }}</ref>

===Pregnancy and semen exposure===
{{See also|Paternal tolerance}}

Fellatio cannot result in [[pregnancy]], as there is no way for ingested [[sperm]] to reach the [[uterus]] and [[fallopian tube]]s to fertilize an [[egg cell]]. At any rate, acids in the stomach and [[digestive enzyme]]s in the [[gastrointestinal tract]] break down and kill spermatozoa.

Clinical research has tentatively linked fellatio with immune modulation,<ref name="Robertson2001">{{Cite journal |last1=Robertson |first1=Sarah A |last2=Ingman |first2=Wendy V |last3=O'Leary |first3=Sean |last4=Sharkey |first4=David J |last5=Tremellen |first5=Kelton P |date=1 October 2002 |title=Transforming growth factor β—a mediator of immune deviation in seminal plasma |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165037802000153 |journal=Journal of Reproductive Immunology |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=109–128 |doi=10.1016/S0165-0378(02)00015-3 |pmid=12385837 |issn=0165-0378}}</ref> indicating it may reduce the chance of complications during pregnancy. The potentially fatal complication [[pre-eclampsia]] was observed to occur less in women who regularly engaged in fellatio, with those who also ingested their partner's semen being at the least risk.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Koelman |year=2000 |title=Correlation between oral sex and a low incidence of preeclampsia: A role for soluble HLA in seminal fluid? |journal=Journal of Reproductive Immunology |volume=46 |pages=155–166 |doi=10.1016/S0165-0378(99)00062-5 |pmid=10706945 |first1=CA |issue=2 |url=https://research.rug.nl/en/publications/79065d3c-9efc-4a5d-a084-8fca0c46c6aa |display-authors=etal}}</ref> The results were consistent with the fact that semen contains [[TGF beta 1|TGF-β1]], the exchange of which between partners has a causal reduction in risk of pre-eclampsia caused by an [[immunological]] reaction. However, fellatio is not the only viable mechanism for the transmission of TGF-β1.<ref name="Robertson2001" /><ref name="Taylor1997">{{Cite journal |last=Taylor |first=Robert N. |date=January 1997 |title=Review: Immunobiology of Preeclampsia |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00195.x |journal=American Journal of Reproductive Immunology |language=en |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=79–86 |doi=10.1111/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00195.x |pmid=9138457 |s2cid=42576690 |issn=1046-7408}}</ref><ref name="Chaouat2005">{{Cite journal |last1=Chaouat |first1=Gérard |last2=Robillard |first2=Pierre-Yves |last3=Dekker |first3=Gustaaf |date=1 October 2005 |title=Fourth International Workshop on Immunology of Pre-eclampsia, December 2004, Reunion, France |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165037805001385 |journal=Journal of Reproductive Immunology |series=Proceedings of Post-Congress Kyoto Symposium |volume=67 |issue=1 |pages=103–111 |doi=10.1016/j.jri.2005.09.004 |pmid=16315347 |issn=0165-0378}}</ref>

==Cultural views==

===Virginity===

Oral sex is commonly used as a means of preserving [[virginity]], especially among heterosexual pairings; this is sometimes termed ''[[technical virginity]]'' (which additionally includes anal sex, [[Non-penetrative sex#Manual sex|manual sex]] and other [[non-penetrative sex]] acts, but excludes penile-vaginal sex).<ref name="Carpenter"/><ref name="Intimate"/><ref name="Brady"/><ref name="Plummer">{{cite book | author = Ken Plummer | title = Modern Homosexualities: Fragments of Lesbian and Gay Experiences | publisher = [[Routledge]] | year = 2002 | pages = 187–191 | access-date = August 24, 2013 | isbn = 978-1-134-92242-0 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=OSO3q4XEfz4C&pg=PA189 | quote = The social construction of 'sex' as vaginal intercourse affects how other forms of sexual activity are evaluated as sexually satisfying or arousing; in some cases whether an activity is seen as a sexual act at all. For example, unless a woman has been penetrated by a man's penis she is still technically a virgin even if she has had lots of sexual experience. | archive-date = March 18, 2015 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150318215831/http://books.google.com/books?id=OSO3q4XEfz4C&pg=PA189 | url-status = live }}</ref> The concept of "technical virginity" or [[sexual abstinence]] through oral sex is particularly popular among teenagers in the United States,<ref name="Brady"/><ref name="CDC, oral sex"/><ref name="Jayson">{{cite news|first=Sharon|last=Jayson|title='Technical virginity' becomes part of teens' equation|newspaper=[[USA Today]]|date=2005-10-19|access-date=2009-08-07|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2005-10-19-teens-technical-virginity_x.htm|archive-date=2011-04-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110428054421/http://www.usatoday.com/news/health/2005-10-19-teens-technical-virginity_x.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> including with regard to teenage girls who not only fellate their boyfriends to preserve their virginities, but also to create and maintain intimacy or to avoid pregnancy.<ref name="Brady"/> Other reasons given for the practice among teenage girls are peer-group pressure and as their introduction to sexual activity.<ref name="Brady"/> Additionally, gay males may regard fellatio as a way of maintaining their virginities, with penile-anal penetration defined as resulting in virginity loss, while other gay males may define fellatio as their main form of sexual activity.<ref name="Carpenter"/><ref name="Virgin"/>

===Legality===
{{See also|Islamic views on oral sex}}

Fellatio is legal in most countries. Laws of some jurisdictions regard fellatio as [[Sexual penetration|penetrative sex]] for the purposes of [[Sex and the law|sexual offenses]] with regard to the act, but most countries do not have laws which ban the practice, in contrast to anal sex or [[extramarital sex]]. In [[Islam]]ic literature, the only forms of sexual activity that are consistently explicitly prohibited within marriage are anal sex and sexual activity during menstruation.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.understanding-islam.com/q-and-a/social-issues/regarding-oral-sex-5555 |title=Regarding 'Oral Sex' |publisher=Understanding-islam.com |access-date=2013-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130218214658/http://www.understanding-islam.com/q-and-a/social-issues/regarding-oral-sex-5555 |archive-date=2013-02-18 }}</ref> However, the exact attitude towards oral sex is a subject of disagreements between modern scholars of Islam. Authorities considering it "objectionable" do so because of the penis' supposedly impure fluids coming in contact with the mouth.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zawaj.com/articles/fatwa_oral_desai.html |title=Articles and Essays |publisher=Zawaj.Com |access-date=2010-03-19 |archive-date=2018-10-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181004154700/http://www.zawaj.com/articles/fatwa_oral_desai.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Others emphasize that there is no decisive evidence to forbid oral sex.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=IslamOnline-English-Ask_Scholar/FatwaE/FatwaE&cid=1119503543892 |title=Islam's Stance on Oral Sex - IslamonLine.net - Ask The Scholar |publisher=IslamonLine.net |access-date=2010-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324080602/http://www.islamonline.net/servlet/Satellite?pagename=Islamonline-English-Ask_Scholar%2FFatwaE%2FFatwaE&cid=1119503543892 |archive-date=2010-03-24 }}</ref>

In [[Malaysia]], fellatio is illegal, but the law is seldom enforced. Under Malaysia's Section 377A of the Penal Code, the introduction of the penis into the anus or mouth of another person is considered a "carnal intercourse against the order of nature" and is punishable with imprisonment of 20 years maximum and whipping.<ref>{{cite news|newspaper=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]|date=March 1, 2009|access-date=December 9, 2010|url=http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2009/3/1/focus/3375398&sec=focus|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110622074655/http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=%2F2009%2F3%2F1%2Ffocus%2F3375398&sec=focus|archive-date=June 22, 2011|title=Illegal but not abnormal}}</ref>

===Tradition===
[[File:Depiction of fellatio on Attic red-figure kylix, c. 510 BC.jpg|thumb|180px|Depiction of fellatio on Attic red-figure kylix, c. 510 BC]]
Galienus called fellatio ''lesbiari'' since women of the island of [[Lesbos]] were supposed to have introduced the practice of using one's lips to give sexual pleasure.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/priap/prp105.htm |title=Priapeia, translated by Leonard Smithers and Richard Francis Burton: Irrumation |publisher=Sacred-texts.com |access-date=2010-03-19 |archive-date=2011-05-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514230255/http://www.sacred-texts.com/cla/priap/prp105.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:KamaSutra08.jpg|thumb|150px|left|Oral sex depicted in the ''[[Kama Sutra]]'']]
The [[India|Ancient Indian]] ''[[Kama Sutra]]'', dating from the first century AD, describes oral sex,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kamashastra.com/kama209.htm |title=The actual kama sutra or kamasutra: Part II: On Sexual Union: Chapter IX. On Holding the Lingam in the Mouth by Kamashastra |publisher=Kamashastra.com |access-date=2010-03-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100313043325/http://www.kamashastra.com/kama209.htm |archive-date=2010-03-13 }}</ref> discussing fellatio in great detail (the ''Kama Sutra'' has a chapter on {{lang|sa-Latn|auparishtaka}} (or {{lang|sa-Latn|oparishtaka}}), "mouth congress")<ref name=Badger>{{cite web |url=http://badgerherald.com/artsetc/2003/04/09/the_ageold_question_.php |title=The age-old question: Spit or swallow? |date=9 April 2003 |publisher=The Badger Herald |access-date=2010-03-19 |archive-date=2011-09-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928073425/http://badgerherald.com/artsetc/2003/04/09/the_ageold_question_.php |url-status=live }}</ref> and only briefly mentioning [[cunnilingus]]. However, according to the ''Kama Sutra'', fellatio is above all a characteristic of [[eunuch]]s (or, according to other translations, of [[effeminacy|effeminate homosexuals]] or [[trans woman|trans women]] similar to the modern [[Hijra (South Asia)|Hijra]] of India), who use their mouths as a substitute for female [[sex organ|genitalia]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Penrose |first=Walter |date=2001 |title=Hidden in History: Female Homoeroticism and Women of a "Third Nature" in the South Asian Past |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3704787 |journal=Journal of the History of Sexuality |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=3–39 |doi=10.1353/sex.2001.0018 |jstor=3704787 |issn=1043-4070}}</ref>

[[Vātsyāyana]], the author of the ''Kama Sutra'', states that it is also practiced by "unchaste women", but mentions that there are widespread traditional concerns about this being a degrading or unclean practice, with known practitioners being evaded as love partners in large parts of the country. The author appears to somewhat agree with these attitudes, claiming that "a wise man" should not engage in that form of intercourse while acknowledging that it can be appropriate in some unspecified cases.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bastia |first=Binaya Kumar |date=2006 |title=Socio-cultural aspect of sexual practices and sexual offences – An Indian scenario |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1353113106000344 |journal=Journal of Clinical Forensic Medicine |language=en |volume=13 |issue=4 |pages=208–210 |doi=10.1016/j.jcfm.2006.02.002|pmid=16564197 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Nag |first=Moni |date=1996 |title=Paradox of eroticism and sexual abstinence in Hindu culture |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/11287462.1996.10800961 |journal=Global Bioethics |language=en |volume=9 |issue=1–4 |pages=171–185 |doi=10.1080/11287462.1996.10800961 |issn=1128-7462}}</ref>

The [[Moche culture]] of ancient [[Peru]] depicted fellatio in their ceramics.<ref>Berrin, Katherine & Larco Museum. ''The Spirit of Ancient Peru:Treasures from the [[Larco Museum|Museo Arqueológico Rafael Larco Herrera]].'' New York: [[Thames & Hudson]], 1997.</ref>

In some cultures, such as [[Cambodia]], [[Overseas Chinese|Chinese]] in [[Southeast Asia]], northern [[Manchu people|Manchu]] [[tribe]]s along [[Amur River]],<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KlMLAQAAMAAJ&q=%E6%BB%A1%E6%97%8F%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87|title=Social Organization of the Manchus: a study of the Manchu clan organization (Chinese Translation)|author=Sergeĭ Mikhaĭlovich Shirokogorov|translator-last=Gao|translator-first=Bingzhong|others=corrected by Liu Xiaomeng|year=1997|publisher=Commercial Press|location=Shanghai|isbn=978-7-100-01912-5|pages=1, 12–13|access-date=2017-11-01|archive-date=2022-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035706/https://books.google.com/books?id=KlMLAQAAMAAJ&q=%E6%BB%A1%E6%97%8F%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Sambia people|Sambians]] in [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Thailand]], [[Telugu people|Telugus]] of [[India]], [[Native Hawaiians]] and other [[Pacific Islander]]s, briefly taking the penis of a male infant or toddler into one's mouth was considered a nonsexual form of affection or even a form of [[ritual]], [[greeting]], [[respect]], parenting love, or [[lifesaving]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vMaNCgAAQBAJ&q=Telugu+baby+penis&pg=PA575|title=Introduction to Maternity and Pediatric Nursing|author=Gloria Leifer|year=2014|publisher=Elsevier Health Sciences|isbn=978-1-4557-7015-1|page=575|access-date=2020-10-25|archive-date=2022-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035737/https://books.google.com/books?id=vMaNCgAAQBAJ&q=Telugu+baby+penis&pg=PA575|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EwY_AQAAIAAJ|title=Social Organization of the Manchus: a study of the Manchu clan organization|author=Sergeĭ Mikhaĭlovich Shirokogorov|year=1924|publisher=Ardent Media|isbn=978-0-404-56946-4|pages=122, 123|access-date=2020-06-07|archive-date=2020-07-31|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200731153328/https://books.google.com/books?id=EwY_AQAAIAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sWboBAAAQBAJ&q=Banoi++genitals&pg=PA36|title=Parenting for a Peaceful World|author=Robin Grille|year=2014|publisher=New Society Publishers|isbn=978-1-55092-581-4|page=36|access-date=2020-10-25|archive-date=2022-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035707/https://books.google.com/books?id=sWboBAAAQBAJ&q=Banoi++genitals&pg=PA36|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Abnormal">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SXvyCAAAQBAJ&q=chinese+fellatio+culture&pg=PA375|title=Normal and Abnormal Behavior in Chinese Culture: Volume 2 of Culture, Illness and Healing|author1=A. Kleinman|author2=T.Y. Lin|year=2013|publisher=Springer Science & Business Media|isbn=978-94-017-4986-2|page=375|access-date=2020-10-25|archive-date=2022-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035708/https://books.google.com/books?id=SXvyCAAAQBAJ&q=chinese+fellatio+culture&pg=PA375|url-status=live}}</ref> According to some sources, it was an ancient [[Chinese culture|Chinese custom]] for grandmothers, mothers, and elder sisters to calm their baby boys with fellatio.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lCA1kKWEw-EC&q=chinese+fellatio+boy&pg=PA63|title=Night Thoughts: Reflections of a Sex Therapist|author=Avodah K. Offit|year=1995|publisher=Jason Aronson, Incorporated|isbn=978-1-4616-2975-7|page=63|access-date=2020-10-25|archive-date=2022-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035708/https://books.google.com/books?id=lCA1kKWEw-EC&q=chinese+fellatio+boy&pg=PA63|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-sZrAAAAMAAJ&q=Masturbation:+from+infancy+to+senescence |title=Masturbation: from infancy to senescence |author1=Irwin M. Marcus |author2=John J. Francis |year=1975 |publisher=International Universities Press |isbn=978-0-8236-3150-6 |page=371 |access-date=2017-11-02 |archive-date=2022-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035753/https://books.google.com/books?id=-sZrAAAAMAAJ&q=Masturbation%3A+from+infancy+to+senescence |url-status=live }}</ref> It has also been reported that some modern Chinese mothers have performed fellatio to their moribund sons as affection and means for lifesaving, because they culturally believe that when the penis is completely retracted into the abdomen, the boy or man will die.<ref name="Abnormal"/><ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TUXzCQAAQBAJ&q=chinese+fellatio+boy&pg=PA8|title=Vietnamese Traditional Medicine: A Social History|author=C. Michele Thompson|year=2015|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=978-9971-69-835-5|page=375|access-date=2020-10-25|archive-date=2022-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125035712/https://books.google.com/books?id=TUXzCQAAQBAJ&q=chinese+fellatio+boy&pg=PA8|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tA9sAAAAMAAJ&q=chinese+mother+boy+fellatio+abdomen |title=Handbook of Anxiety: Biological, clinical, and cultural perspectives |author1=Martin Roth |author2=Russell Noyes |year=1988 |publisher=Elsevier |isbn=978-0-444-90475-1 |page=314 |access-date=2017-11-03 |archive-date=2021-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210827144406/https://books.google.com/books?id=tA9sAAAAMAAJ&q=chinese+mother+boy+fellatio+abdomen |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Other animals==
{{Main|Animal sexual behavior|Non-reproductive sexual behavior in animals#Oral sex}}
[[File:Cynopterus sphinx fellatio no music.ogg|thumb|Female bats perform fellatio to increase copulation time. This species is the only non-primate known to exhibit this behaviour.<ref name=plos />]]
[[Pteropus|Flying foxes]] (a type of bat) have been observed engaging in oral sex.<ref name="Sugita 2016">Sugita, N. (2016). Homosexual Fellatio: Erect Penis Licking between Male Bonin Flying Foxes Pteropus pselaphon. PLoS ONE, 11(11), e0166024.</ref> [[Indian flying fox]] males will lick a female's vulva both before and after [[copulation (zoology)|copulation]], with the length of pre-copulation [[cunnilingus]] positively correlated with length of copulation.<ref name="Maruthupandian 2013">Maruthupandian, J., & Marimuthu, G. (2013). Cunnilingus apparently increases duration of copulation in the Indian flying fox, Pteropus giganteus. PLoS ONE, 8(3), e59743.</ref> The [[fruit bat]] ''[[Cynopterus sphinx]]'', has been observed to engage in fellatio during mating. Pairs spend more time copulating if the female licks the male than if she does not.<ref name="plos">{{cite journal|last=Tan|first=Min|author2=Gareth Jones |author3=Guangjian Zhu |author4=Jianping Ye |author5=Tiyu Hong |author6=Shanyi Zhou |author7=Shuyi Zhang |author8=Libiao Zhang |date=October 28, 2009|title=Fellatio by Fruit Bats Prolongs Copulation Time|journal=[[PLoS ONE]]|volume=4|issue=10|doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0007595|pmid=19862320|pages=e7595|pmc=2762080|bibcode=2009PLoSO...4.7595T|editor1-last=Hosken|editor1-first=David|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18077-fellatio-keeps-male-fruit-bats-keen.html
|title=Fellatio keeps male fruit bats keen - life - 29 October 2009 - New Scientist
|publisher=www.newscientist.com
|access-date=2009-10-31
|archive-date=2015-04-26
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426103655/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn18077-fellatio-keeps-male-fruit-bats-keen.html
|url-status=live
}}</ref> Male [[Livingstone's fruit bat]]s have been observed engaging in [[Homosexual behavior in animals|homosexual]] fellatio, although it is unknown if this is an example of sexual behavior or [[social grooming]].<ref name="Courts 1996">Courts, S. E. (1996). An ethogram of captive Livingstone's fruit bats Pteropus livingstonii in a new enclosure at Jersey Wildlife Preservation Trust. The Dodo: Journal of the Wildlife Preservation Trusts, 32, 15–37.</ref> [[Bonin flying fox]]es also engage in homosexual fellatio, but the behavior has been observed independently of social grooming.<ref name="Sugita 2016"/>

==See also==
{{portal|Human sexuality}}
{{Commons category}}
* [[Bukkake]]
* [[Cum shot]]
* [[Cunnilingus]] – oral stimulation of the vulva
* [[Facial (sexual act)]]
* [[Fellatio in Halacha]]
* [[Gokkun]]
* [[Pearl necklace (sexuality)]]
* [[Steak and Blowjob Day]]
{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Sex}}
{{Sexpositions}}
{{Sexual slang}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Fellatio| ]]
[[Category:Sexual acts]]
[[Category:Human penis]]
[[Category:Articles containing video clips]]
[[Category:Oral eroticism]]