Editing Evliya Çelebi

{{Short description|Turkish traveler and writer (1611–1682)}}
{{Infobox person
| name        = Evliya Çelebi
| alt         = 
| image       = File:Evliya Celebi by Piros Rostás Bea (2014) in Eger, 2016 Hungary.jpg
| caption     = A statue commemorating Evliya Çelebi in Hungary
| birth_name  = Dervish Mehmed Zillî
| birth_date  = {{Birth date|df=y|1611|3|25}}
| birth_place = [[Constantinople]], [[Ottoman Empire]]<br />(present-day [[Istanbul]], [[Turkey]])
| death_date  = 1682 (aged 70–71)
| death_place = 
| nationality = 
| other_names = 
| known_for   = ''[[Seyahatnâme]]'' ("The Travelogue")
| occupation  = 
}}
'''Dervish Mehmed Zillî''' (25 March 1611 – 1682), known as '''Evliya Çelebi''' ({{langx|ota|اوليا چلبى}}), was an [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] explorer who travelled through his home country during its cultural zenith as well as neighboring lands.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Darke |first=Diana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zsGHEAAAQBAJ |title=The Ottomans: A Cultural Legacy |publisher=Thames & Hudson |year=2022 |isbn=978-0-500-77753-4 |pages=51 |language=en}}</ref> He travelled for over 40 years, recording his commentary in a [[travel literature|travelogue]] called the ''[[Seyahatnâme]]'' ("Book of Travel").<ref name="saudiaramcoworld.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/201102/the.unread.masterpiece.of.evliya.elebi.htm|title=Saudi Aramco World : The Unread Masterpiece of Evliya Çelebi|publisher=saudiaramcoworld.com|access-date=2014-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141027184613/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/201102/the.unread.masterpiece.of.evliya.elebi.htm|archive-date=2014-10-27|url-status=dead}}</ref> The name [[Çelebi#Title|Çelebi]] is an [[honorific]] meaning "gentleman" or "man of God".

==Life==
[[File:Evliya_çelebi'nin_evi_müzesi.JPG|270px|thumb|right|The house of Evliya Çelebi in Kütahya, now used as a museum]] 
Evliya Çelebi was born in [[Istanbul]] in 1611 to a wealthy family from [[Kütahya]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bruinessen |first1=Martin|author1-link=  Martin van Bruinessen|title=Evliya Çelebi's Book of Travels: Evliya Çelebi in Diyarbekir |year=1988 |publisher=Brill |isbn=9004081658 |page=3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fpk3AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA3}}</ref> Both his parents were attached to the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman court]], his father, Dervish Mehmed Zilli, as a jeweller, and his mother as an [[Abkhazians|Abkhazian]] relation of the Grand Vizier of [[Mehmed IV]] [[Melek Ahmed Pasha]].<ref>[[Robert Dankoff]], ''An Ottoman Mentality: The World of Evliya Çelebi'', BRILL, 2004, {{ISBN|978-90-04-13715-8}}, [https://books.google.com/books?id=6ZRx2UZOtFkC&pg=PR12 p. xii.]</ref> In his book, Evliya Çelebi traces his paternal genealogy back to [[Ahmad Yasawi]], the earliest known Turkic poet and an early Sufi mystic.<ref>{{cite book|last=Dankoff|first=Robert|author-link=Robert Dankoff|title=An Ottoman Mentality: The World of Evliya Çelebi|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6ZRx2UZOtFkC|year=2004|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-13715-7}}, page 21</ref> Evliya Çelebi received a court education from [[Ulama#Ottoman era|the Imperial ''ulama'']] (scholars).<ref name="Jerusalem"/> He may have joined the [[Gulshani]] Sufi order, as he shows an intimate knowledge of their ''[[khanqah]]'' in [[Cairo]], and a graffito exists in which he referred to himself as ''Evliya-yı Gülşenî'' ("Evliya of the Gülşenî").{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}

A devout Muslim opposed to fanaticism, Evliya could [[Hafiz (Quran)|recite the Quran from memory]] and joked freely about Islam.  Though employed as a clergyman and entertainer at the Imperial Court of Sultan [[Murad IV]], Evliya refused employment that would keep him from travelling.<ref name="Jerusalem">''[[Jerusalem: The Biography]]'', page 303-304, [[Simon Sebag Montefiore]], Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2011. {{ISBN|978-0-297-85265-0}}</ref><ref name="farmer">{{cite journal |last1=Farmer |first1=Henry George|author-link=Henry George Farmer |title=Turkish Instruments of Music in the Seventeenth Century |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society |date=1936}}</ref> Çelebi had studied vocal and instrumental music as a pupil of a renowned [[Khalwati order|Khalwati]] [[dervish]] by the name of 'Umar Gulshani, and his musical gifts earned him much favor at the Imperial Palace, impressing even the chief musician Amir Guna. He was also trained in the theory of music called {{lang|ota|ilm al-musiqi}}.<ref name=farmer/> 

His journal-writing began in Istanbul, with the taking of notes on buildings, markets, customs and culture, and in 1640 it was augmented with accounts of his travels beyond the confines of the city. The collected notes of his travels form a ten-volume work called the ''Seyahâtname'' ("Travelogue"). Departing from the Ottoman literary convention of the time, he wrote in a mixture of vernacular and high Turkish, with the effect that the Seyahatname has remained a popular and accessible reference work about life in the Ottoman Empire in the 17th century,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=HALASI-KUN|first=TIBOR|date=1979|title=Evliya Çelebi as Linguist|journal=Harvard Ukrainian Studies}}</ref> including two chapters on [[Ottoman classical music#Musical instruments|musical instruments]].<ref name=farmer/>

Evliya Çelebi died in 1684,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Evliya-Celebi|title=Evliya Celebi {{!}} Turkish traveler and writer|work=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2017-10-21|language=en}}</ref> it is unclear whether he was in Istanbul or Cairo at the time.

==Travels==

=== Europe ===
Çelebi claimed to have encountered [[Indigenous peoples of the Americas|Native American]]s as a guest in [[Rotterdam]] during his visit of 1663. He wrote: "[they] cursed those priests, saying, 'Our world used to be peaceful, but it has been filled by greedy people, who make war every year and shorten our lives.'"<ref name="saudiaramcoworld.com" />

While visiting [[Vienna]] in 1665–66, Çelebi noted some similarities between words in [[German language|German]] and [[Persian language|Persian]], an early observation of the relationship between what would later be known as two [[Indo-European languages]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lewis |first1=Bernard|author-link= Bernard Lewis|title=The Muslim Discovery of Europe |date=2001 |publisher=W. W. Norton & Company |isbn=9780393245578 |page=81-82 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3AYkAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA81}}</ref>

Çelebi visited [[Crete]] and in book II describes the fall of [[Chania]] to the Sultan; in book VIII he recounts the [[Cretan War (1645–1669)|Candia campaign]].<ref name="Speake">{{cite book |last1=Speake |first1=Jennifer|author1-link= Jennifer Speake|title=Literature of Travel and Exploration: A to F |date=2003 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=9781579584252 |page=415 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=on2ShbwVzp4C&pg=PA415}}</ref><ref name="Dankoff">{{cite book |last1=Dankoff |first1=Robert|author1-link=Robert Dankoff |title=An Ottoman Mentality: The World of Evliya Çelebi |date=2006 |publisher=BRILL |isbn=9789047410379 |pages=2–4 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VdJKEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA2|edition=revised second }}</ref>

==== Croatia ====
During his travels in the Balkan regions of the Ottoman Empire Çelebi visited various regions of the modern-day [[Croatia]] including northern [[Dalmatia]], parts of [[Slavonia]], [[Međimurje]] and [[Banija]].<ref name="Kulturno – historijski spomenici Banije">{{cite book |last=Škiljan |first=Filip |date=2008 |title=Kulturno – historijski spomenici Banije s pregledom povijesti Banije od prapovijesti do 1881. |trans-title=Cultural and historical monuments of Banija with an overview of history Banija from prehistory to 1881. |url=https://www.ceeol.com/search/book-detail?id=792826 |language=sr |location=Zagreb, Croatia |publisher=[[Serb National Council]] |isbn=978-953-7442-04-0}}</ref> He recorded variety of [[historiographic]] and [[ethnographic]] sources.<ref name="Kulturno – historijski spomenici Banije"/> They included descriptions of first-hand encounters, third-party narrator witnesses, and invented elements.<ref name="Kulturno – historijski spomenici Banije"/>

==== Circassia ====
Çelebi traveled to [[Circassia]] as well, in 1640.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Kartalcı Polat |first=Nur |title=Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnamesi'nde Kafkaslar |year=2018 |language=Tr}}</ref> He commented on the women's beauty and talked about the absence of mosques and bazaars despite being a Muslim country.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">Evliya Çelebi. ''Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnâmesi''. Beyoğlu, İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları Ltd. Şti., 1996</ref> He talks about the hospitality of Circassians and mentions that he could not write the Circassian language using letters, and compared the language to a "magpie shout".<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" />

==== Bosnia ====
[[File:Mostar Old Town Panorama.jpg|270px|thumb|[[Stari Most|The Old Bridge]] in [[Mostar]]]]
Evliya Çelebi visited the town of [[Mostar]], then in [[Ottoman Bosnia]]. He wrote that the name ''Mostar'' means "bridge-keeper", in reference to the town's [[Stari Most|celebrated bridge]], 28 meters long and 20 meters high. Çelebi wrote that it "is like a rainbow arch soaring up to the skies, extending from one cliff to the other. ...I, a poor and miserable slave of Allah, have passed through 16 countries, but I have never seen such a high bridge. It is thrown from rock to rock as high as the sky."<ref name="saudiaramcoworld">{{cite web|url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199805/hearts.and.stones.htm|title=Saudi Aramco World : Hearts and Stones|publisher=saudiaramcoworld.com|access-date=2014-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121004214954/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/199805/hearts.and.stones.htm|archive-date=2012-10-04|url-status=dead}}</ref>
==== Bulgaria (Dobruja) ====
Evliya Çelebi, who traveled around Anatolia and the Balkans in the 17th century, mentioned the northeast of Bulgaria as the Uz (Oğuz) region, and that a Turkish speaking Muslim society named ''[[Çıtak (term)|Çıtak]]'' consisting of medium-sized, cheerful and strong people lived in [[Silistra]], and also known as the '''"Dobruca Çitakları"''' in [[Dobruja]]. He also emphasizes that "Çıtaklar" is made up of a mixture of [[Tatars]], [[Vlachs]], and [[Bulgarians]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.soguksuhaber.com/citak-citaklar-makale,34.html | title=Çitak - Çitaklar }}</ref>

==== Kosovo ====
In 1660 Çelebi went to Kosovo and referred to the central part of the region as ''[[Names of the Albanians and Albania#Arnaut/Arnavut|Arnavud]]'' (آرناوود) and noted that in [[Vushtrri]] its inhabitants were speakers of [[Albanian language|Albanian]] or [[Turkish language|Turkish]] and few spoke [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]].<ref name="Anscombe787"/> The highlands around the [[Tetovo]], [[Peja]] and [[Prizren]] areas Çelebi considered as being the "mountains of Arnavudluk".<ref name="Anscombe787"/> Çelebi referred to the "mountains of Peja" as being in Arnavudluk (آرناوودلق) and considered the [[Ibar river]] that converged in [[Mitrovica, Kosovo|Mitrovica]] as forming Kosovo's border with [[Bosnia Eyalet|Bosnia]].<ref name="Anscombe787"/> He viewed the "Kılab" or [[Llapi River|Llapi]] river as having its source in Arnavudluk (Albania) and by extension the [[Sitnica]] as being part of that river.<ref name="Anscombe787"/> Çelebi also included the central mountains of Kosovo within Arnavudluk.<ref name="Anscombe787">{{cite journal|last=Anscombe|first=Frederick|title=The Ottoman Empire in Recent International Politics – II: The Case of Kosovo|jstor=40109813|journal=The International History Review|volume=28|issue=4|year=2006|pages=772|doi=10.1080/07075332.2006.9641103|s2cid=154724667|url=http://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/577/}}</ref>

==== Albania ====
Çelebi travelled extensively throughout [[Albania]], visiting it on 3 occasions. He visited [[Tirana]], [[Lezhë|Lezha]], [[Shkodër|Shkodra]] and [[Bushat]] in 1662, [[Delvinë|Delvina]], [[Gjirokastër|Gjirokastra]], [[Tepelenë|Tepelena]], [[Skrapar]], [[Përmet]], [[Berat]], [[Kaninë|Kanina]], [[Vlorë|Vlora]], Bashtova, [[Durrës]], [[Kavajë|Kavaja]], [[Peqin]], [[Elbasan]], and [[Pogradec]] in 1670.<ref>{{Cite web |title=1662 {{!}} Evliya Chelebi: Seyahatname - a Journey through Northern Albania and Montenegro |url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/1662_Chelebi/index.html |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=www.albanianhistory.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1670 {{!}} Evliya Chelebi: Seyahatname - a Journey to Gjirokastra |url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/1670_Chelebi2/index.html |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=www.albanianhistory.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1670 {{!}} Evliya Chelebi: Seyahatname – a Journey around Lake Ohrid |url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/1670_Chelebi4/index.html |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=www.albanianhistory.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1670 {{!}} Evliya Chelebi: Seyahatname - a Journey to Berat and Elbasan |url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/1670_Chelebi1/index.html |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=www.albanianhistory.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=1670 {{!}} Evliya Chelebi: Seyahatname - a Journey to Vlora and Durrës |url=http://www.albanianhistory.net/1670_Chelebi3/index.html |access-date=2022-04-01 |website=www.albanianhistory.net}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Elsie |first=Robert|author-link=Robert Elsie |date=1998 |title=Das albanische Lexikon des Evliya Çelebi, 1662, und was ein Derwisch auf der Durchreise alles wissen muß |url=http://www.elsie.de/pdf/articles/A1998CelebiDt.pdf |access-date=1 April 2022}}</ref>

==== Parthenon ====
In 1667 Çelebi expressed his marvel at the [[Parthenon]]'s sculptures and described the building as "like some impregnable fortress not made by human agency."<ref>{{cite book |last=Stoneman |first=Richard |url=https://archive.org/details/travellershistor00ston |title=A Traveller's History of Athens |publisher=Interlink Books |year=2004 |isbn=9781566565332 |page=[https://archive.org/details/travellershistor00ston/page/209 209] |url-access=registration}}</ref>  He composed a poetic supplication that the Parthenon, as "a work less of human hands than of Heaven itself, should remain standing for all time."<ref name="Holt">{{cite journal |last=Holt |first=Frank L.|author-link= Frank Holt|date=November–December 2008 |title=I, Marble Maiden |url=http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200806/i.marble.maiden.htm |url-status=dead |journal=[[Saudi Aramco World]] |publisher=[[Saudi Aramco]] |volume=59 |pages=36–41 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801063702/http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200806/i.marble.maiden.htm |archive-date=2012-08-01 |access-date=2012-12-03 |number=6}}</ref>

==== Shirvan ====
Of oil merchants in [[Baku]] Çelebi wrote: "By Allah's decree oil bubbles up out of the ground, but in the manner of hot springs, pools of water are formed with oil congealed on the surface like cream. Merchants wade into these pools and collect the oil in ladles and fill goatskins with it, these oil merchants then sell them in different regions. Revenues from this oil trade are delivered annually directly to the [[Safavid]] [[Shah]]."

==== Crimean Khanate ====
Evliya Çelebi remarked on the impact of [[Cossack]] raids from [[Azak]] upon the territories of the [[Crimean Khanate]], destroying trade routes and severely depopulating the regions. By the time of Çelebi's arrival, many of the towns visited were affected by the Cossacks, and the only place in [[Crimea]] he reported as safe was the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] fortress at [[Arabat Spit|Arabat]].<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=Between Russians, Ottomans and Turks: Crimea and Crimean Tatars|author=Fisher, A.|date=1998|publisher=Isis Press|isbn=9789754281262|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-PFoAAAAMAAJ|access-date=2014-10-27}}</ref>

Çelebi wrote of the [[Slavery in the Ottoman Empire|slave trade]] in the Crimea:{{Blockquote|A man who had not seen this market, had not seen anything in this world. A mother is severed from her son and daughter there, a son—from his father and brother, and they are sold amongst lamentations, cries of help, weeping and sorrow.<ref>{{cite web |author=Mikhail Kizilov |author-link= Mikhail Kizilov |title=Slave Trade in the Early Modern Crimea From the Perspective of Christian, Muslim, and Jewish Sources |url=https://www.academia.edu/2971600 |work=Oxford University|year= 2007 |volume= 11 |issue= 1–2 |page=24}}</ref>}}

Çelebi estimated that there were about 400,000 slaves in the Crimea but only 187,000 free Muslims.<ref>Brian L. Davies (2014). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=i5-CAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA17 Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe]''. pp. 15–26. Routledge.</ref>

=== Asia ===

==== Syria and Palestine ====
In contrast to many European and some Jewish travelogues of Syria and Palestine in the 17th century, Çelebi wrote one of the few detailed travelogues from an Islamic point of view.<ref name=BenNaeh>{{cite journal|author = Ben-Naeh | title = "Thousands great saints": Evliya Çelebi in Ottoman Palestine | journal = Quest. Issues in Contemporary Jewish History | issue = 6 | year = 2013 | url = http://www.quest-cdecjournal.it/focus.php?id=337}}</ref> Çelebi visited Palestine twice, once in 1649 and once in 1670–1.  An English translation of the first part, with some passages from the second, was published in 1935–1940 by the self-taught Palestinian scholar [[Stephan Hanna Stephan]] who worked for the [[Department of Antiquities (Mandatory Palestine)|Palestine Department of Antiquities]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Archaeology as Cultural Survival: The Future of the Palestinian Past | author = Albert Glock| author-link = Albert Glock| journal = Journal of Palestine Studies | volume = 23 | issue = 3 | year = 1994 | pages = 70–84 | doi=10.1525/jps.1994.23.3.00p0027n}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | author = St. H. Stephan|author-link=Stephan Hanna Stephan | journal = The Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities in Palestine | year = 1935–1942 | title = Evliya Tshelebi's Travels in Palestine}}. Part 1: Vol 4 (1935) [https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.56294/2015.56294.Quarterly-Of-The-Department-Of-Antiquities-In-Palestine-Vol4#page/n205/mode/1up 103]–108; Part 2: Vol 4 (1935) [https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.56294/2015.56294.Quarterly-Of-The-Department-Of-Antiquities-In-Palestine-Vol4#page/n286/mode/1up 154]–164; Part 3: Vol 5 (1936) 69–73; Part 4: Vol 6 (1937) 84–97; Part 5: Vol 8 (1939) 137–156. Part 6: Vol 9 (1942) 81–104.</ref> Significant are the many references to Palestine, or "Land of Palestine", and Evliya notes, "All chronicles call this country Palestine."<ref name=Irving>* {{cite journal|url=https://era.ed.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1842/31179/Irving2018.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y|title=Intellectual networks, language and knowledge under colonialism: the work of Stephan Stephan, Elias Haddad and Tawfiq Canaan in Palestine, 1909-1948|year=2017|publisher=University of Eidenburgh|journal=Literatures, Languages and Cultures PhD Thesis Collection|author=Sarah R. Irving|page=19}}</ref>

==== Mecca ====
Evliya reported that the sheriffs of [[Mecca]] promoted trade in the region by encouraging fairs from the wealthy merchants. Evliya went on to explain that a large amount of buying and selling occurred in Mecca during the [[Hajj|pilgrimage]] season.<ref name=":2" />

==Seyahatnâme==
{{main|Seyahatnâme}}
He wrote one of history's longest and most ambitious accounts of travel writing in any language, the ''Seyahatnâme''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Darke |first=Diana |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zsGHEAAAQBAJ |title=The Ottomans: A Cultural Legacy |publisher=Thames & Hudson |year=2022 |isbn=978-0-500-77753-4 |pages=146 |language=en}}</ref> Although many of the descriptions in the ''Seyahatnâme'' were written in an exaggerated manner or were plainly inventive fiction or third-source misinterpretation, his notes remain a useful guide to the culture and lifestyles of the 17th century Ottoman Empire.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.britannica.com/biography/Evliya-Celebi|title=Evliya Celebi {{!}} Turkish traveler and writer|work=Encyclopædia Britannica|access-date=2017-10-19|language=en}}</ref> The first volume deals exclusively with Istanbul, the final volume with Egypt.

Currently there is no English translation of the entire ''Seyahatnâme'', although there are translations of various parts. The longest single English translation was published in 1834 by [[Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall]], an Austrian orientalist: it may be found under the name "Evliya Efendi."  Von Hammer-Purgstall's work covers the first two volumes  (Istanbul and [[Anatolia]])  but its language is antiquated.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Finkel |first1=Caroline|author-link= Caroline Finkel|title=Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall's English Translation of the First Books of Evliya Celebi's Seyahâtname (Book of Travels) |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society |date=2015 |volume=25 |issue=1 |pages=41–55 |doi=10.1017/S1356186314000108 |s2cid=163025559 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279329471}}</ref> Other translations include Erich Prokosch's nearly complete translation into German of the tenth volume, the 2004 introductory work entitled ''The World of Evliya Çelebi: An Ottoman Mentality'' written by [[Robert Dankoff]], and Dankoff and Sooyong Kim's 2010 translation of select excerpts of the ten volumes, ''An Ottoman Traveller: Selections from the Book of Travels of Evliya Çelebi''.

Evliya is noted for having collected samples of the languages in each region he traveled in. There are some 30 Turkic dialects and languages cataloged in the ''Seyahatnâme''. Çelebi notes the similarities between several words from the [[German language|German]] and [[Persian language|Persian]], though he denies any common Indo-European heritage. The ''Seyahatnâme'' also contains the first transcriptions of many [[languages of the Caucasus]] and [[Tsakonian language|Tsakonian]], and the only extant specimens of written [[Ubykh language|Ubykh]] outside the linguistic literature. He also wrote in detail about [[Arabian horses]] and their different strains.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Evliya Çelebi Ride And Way Project, Turkey |url=http://www.waho.org/the-evliya-celebi-ride-and-way-project-turkey/ |access-date=2023-03-13 |language=en-US}}</ref>

In the 10 volumes of his ''Seyahatnâme'', he describes the following journeys:{{cn|date=February 2023}}

# Constantinople and surrounding areas (1630)
# [[Anatolia]], the [[Caucasus]], [[Crete]] and [[Azerbaijan]] (1640)
# [[Syria]], [[History of Palestine#Ottoman period|Palestine]], [[Armenia]] and [[Rumelia]] (1648)
# [[Kurdistan]], [[Iraq]], and [[Iran]] (1655)
# [[Russia]] and the [[Balkans]] (1656)
# Military Campaigns in [[Hungary]] during the [[Austro-Turkish War (1663–64)|fourth Austro-Turkish War]] (1663/64)
# [[Austria]], the [[Crimea]], and the Caucasus for the second time (1664)
# [[Greece]] and then the Crimea and Rumelia for the second time (1667–1670)
# the [[Hajj]] to [[Mecca]] (1671)
# [[Egypt Eyalet|Egypt]] and the [[Sudan]] (1672)

==In popular culture==
[[File:Evlija Čelebija (Evliya Çelebi) street in Skopje.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Evlija Čelebija (Evliya Çelebi) street in modern [[Skopje]], [[North Macedonia]]]]

* Çelebi appears in [[Orhan Pamuk]]'s 1985 novel ''[[The White Castle]]'', and is featured in ''The Adventures of Captain Bathory'' (Dobrodružstvá kapitána Báthoryho) novels by [[Slovaks|Slovak]] writer [[Juraj Červenák]].
* ''İstanbul Kanatlarımın Altında'' (''Istanbul Under My Wings'', 1996) is a film about the lives of legendary aviator brothers [[Hezârfen Ahmed Çelebi]] and [[Lagâri Hasan Çelebi]], and the Ottoman society in the early 17th century, during the reign of Murad IV, as witnessed and narrated by Evliya Çelebi.
* ''Evliya Çelebi ve Ölümsüzlük Suyu'' (Evliya Çelebi and the Water of Life, 2014, dir. Serkan Zelzele), a children's adaptation of Çelebi's adventures, is the first full-length Turkish animated film.
* [[UNESCO]] included the 400th anniversary of Çelebi's birth in its timetable for the celebration of anniversaries.<ref name="unesco">{{cite web|url=http://portal.unesco.org/en/ev.php-URL_ID=47164&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=201.html|title=Anniversaries celebrated by Member States {{pipe}} United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization|publisher=portal.unesco.org|access-date=2014-10-27}}</ref>
* In the 2015 TV series ''[[Muhteşem Yüzyıl: Kösem]]'', is portrayed by Turkish actor Necip Memili.

==Taxa named in his honor==
*The '''[[Lycian spring minnow]]''', '''''Pseudophoxinus evliyae''''' <small>[[Jörg Arthur Freyhof|Freyhof]] & [[Müfit Özuluğ|Özuluğ]], 2010</small> is a species of [[ray-finned fish]] in the family [[Cyprinidae]].<ref name=Fishbase>{{FishBase species | genus = Pseudophoxinus | species = evliyae | month = October | year = 2015 }}</ref>
It is found in drainages in western [[Anatolia]] in [[Turkey]].

==See also==
*[[Ahmad ibn Fadlan]]
*[[Hezârfen Ahmed Çelebi]]
*[[Kâtip Çelebi]]
*[[Evliya Çelebi Way]]
*[[Turkish literature]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources and further reading==
===In Turkish===

* Evliya Çelebi. ''Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnâmesi''. Beyoğlu, İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları Ltd. Şti., 1996. 10 vols.
* Evliya Çelebi: ''Seyahatnamesi''. 2 Vol. Cocuk Klasikleri Dizisi. Berlin 2005. {{ISBN|975-379-160-7}} (A selection translated into modern Turkish for children)
* Robert Dankoff, Nuran Tezcan, Evliya Çelebi'nin Nil Haritası - Dürr-i bî misîl în ahbâr-ı Nîl, Yapı Kredi Yayınları 2011
* Nuran Tezcan, Semih Tezcan (Edit.), Doğumunun 400. Yılında Evliya Çelebi, T.C. Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı Yayınları, Ankara 2011

=== In English ===
* {{cite book |last=Çelebi |first=Evliya |url=https://archive.org/details/narrativeoftrave01evli |title=Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the Seventeenth Century |publisher=[[Oriental Translation Fund]] |year=1834 |volume=1 |location=London |translator=Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall |translator-link=Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall |via=Open Library}} (+ [https://archive.org/stream/narrativeoftrave01evli#page/n20/mode/1up contents]) + [http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006783076 via Hathi Trust]
* {{cite book |last=Çelebi |first=Evliya |url=https://archive.org/details/narrativeoftrave02evli |title=Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the Seventeenth Century |publisher=[[Oriental Translation Fund]] |year=1834 |volume=2 |location=London |translator=Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall |translator-link=Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall |via=Open Library}} (+ [https://archive.org/stream/narrativeoftrave02evli#page/n8/mode/1up contents])
{{Gutenberg|last=Çelebi|first=Evliya|no=53597|name=Narrative of Travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the Seventeenth Century (vol 1)|origyear=1834}}
* ''Narrative of travels in Europe, Asia, and Africa, in the seventeenth century, by Evliyá Efendí''. Trans. Ritter Joseph von Hammer. London: Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland, 1846.
* {{cite journal |author=Stephan |first=St. H. |author-link=Stephan Hanna Stephan |year=1935 |others=annotated by [[Leo Aryeh Mayer|L. A. Mayer]] |title=Evliya Tshelebi's travels in Palestine |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56294/page/n205/mode/1up |journal=[[Quarterly of The Department of Antiquities in Palestine]] |volume=4 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56294/page/n205/mode/1up 103]-[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.56294/page/n210/mode/1up 108]}}
* ''Evliya Çelebi in Diyarbekir: The Relevant Section of The Seyahatname''. Trans. and Ed. [[Martin van Bruinessen]] and Hendrik Boeschoten. New York : E.J. Brill, 1988.
* ''The Intimate Life of an Ottoman Statesman: Melek Ahmed Pasha (1588–1662) as Portrayed in Evliya Çelebi's Book of Travels''. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1991.
* ''Evliya Çelebi's Book of Travels. Evliya Çelebi in Albania and Adjacent Regions (Kosovo, Montenegro). The Relevant Sections of the Seyahatname''. Trans. and Ed. Robert Dankoff. Leiden and Boston 2000. {{ISBN|90-04-11624-9}}
* [[Robert Dankoff]]: ''An Ottoman Mentality. The World of Evliya Çelebi''. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 2004.
* Klaus Kreiser, "Evliya Çelebi", eds. C. Kafadar, H. Karateke, C. Fleischer. October 2005.
* Evliya Çelebi:  ''Selected Stories by Evliya Çelebi'', edited by Zeynep Üstün, translated by Havva Aslan, Profil Yayıncılık, Istanbul 2007 {{ISBN|978-975-996-072-8}}
* {{cite book |last1=Winter |first1=Michael |title=The Mamlik-Ottoman Transition |date=2017 |publisher=Bonn University Press |editor1-last=Conermann |editor1-first=Stephan |chapter=The Conquest of Syria and Egypt by Sultan Selim I, according to Evliyâ Çelebi |editor2-last=Sen |editor2-first=Gül}}
* {{Cite book|last=Fotić|first=Aleksandar|chapter=Receptions of Evliya Çelebi’s Seyahatname in Serbian Historiography and Challenges of the Original Manuscript|title=Evliya Çelebi in the Borderlands: New Insights and Novel Approaches to the Seyahatname|year=2021|location=Zagreb|publisher=Srednja Europa|pages=149–163|chapter-url=https://www.academia.edu/46915245}}

===In German===

* Helena Turková: ''Die Reisen und Streifzüge Evliyâ Çelebîs in Dalmatien und Bosnien in den Jahren 1659/61''. Prag 1965.
* Klaus Kreiser: ''Edirne im 17. Jahrhundert nach Evliyâ Çelebî. Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der osmanischen Stadt''. Freiburg 1975. {{ISBN|3-87997-045-9}}
* ''Im Reiche des Goldenen Apfels. Des türkischen Weltenbummlers Evliâ Çelebis denkwürdige Reise in das Giaurenland und die Stadt und Festung Wien anno 1665''. Trans. R. Kreutel, Graz, et al. 1987.
* ''Ins Land der geheimnisvollen Func: des türkischen Weltenbummlers, Evliyā Çelebi, Reise durch Oberägypten und den Sudan nebst der osmanischen Provinz Habes in den Jahren 1672/73''. Trans. Erich Prokosch. Graz: Styria, 1994.
* ''Evliyā Çelebis Anatolienreise aus dem dritten Band des Seyāḥatnāme''. Trans. Korkut M. Buğday. New York: E.J. Brill, 1996.
* ''Evliya Çelebis Reise von Bitlis nach Van: ein Auszug aus dem Seyahatname''. Trans. Christiane Bulut. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1997.
* ''Manisa nach Evliyā Çelebi: aus dem neunten Band des Seyāḥat-nāme''. Trans. Nuran Tezcan. Boston: Brill, 1999.
* ''Kairo in der zweiten Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts. Beschrieben von Evliya Çelebi''. Trans. Erich Prokosch. Istanbul 2000. {{ISBN|975-7172-35-9}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Evliya Çelebi}}
* [https://archive.org/search.php?query=Evliya%20%C3%87elebi%20seyahatnamesi Ottoman text edition (1896)]

{{Turkish Literature}}
{{Islamic geography}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Evliya Celebi}}
[[Category:1611 births]]
[[Category:1682 deaths]]
[[Category:Explorers of Asia]]
[[Category:17th-century writers from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:17th-century explorers]]
[[Category:Turks from the Ottoman Empire]]
[[Category:People from the Ottoman Empire of Abkhazian descent]]
[[Category:17th-century travel writers]]
[[Category:Turkish travel writers]]
[[Category:Holy Land travellers]]
[[Category:Explorers of the Caucasus]]
[[Category:People from Istanbul]]