Editing Eudora, Kansas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Eudora, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Pascal & Eudora Fish Statue.jpg
|image_caption            = Statue of Paschal Fish and his daughter Eudora (2011)
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               = File:Eudora,_Kansas_Seal.png
<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Douglas_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Eudora_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Douglas County, Kansas|Douglas County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Douglas Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Douglas County, Kansas|Douglas County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name=gnis/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|38|56|04|N|95|05|44|W|region:US-KS_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Douglas County, Kansas|Douglas]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         =
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1859
|named_for                =

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = <!-- [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]] -->
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              = Tim Reazin<ref name="gov1"/>

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 2.98
|area_land_sq_mi          = 2.94
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.05
|area_total_km2           = 7.73
|area_land_km2            = 7.61
|area_water_km2           = 0.12
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 883

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/><ref name="Census-2020-QF"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 6408
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 66025
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 785|785]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-21675
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 2394705<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2394705}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://www.cityofeudoraks.gov/|CityOfEudoraks.gov}}
}}

'''Eudora''' is a city in [[Douglas County, Kansas|Douglas County]], [[Kansas]], United States,<ref name=gnis/> along the [[Kansas River|Kansas]] and [[Wakarusa River|Wakarusa]] rivers.  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 6,408.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Eudora, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile/Eudora_city,_Kansas?g=1600000US2021675 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=November 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221112234213/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile/Eudora_city,_Kansas?g=1600000US2021675 |archive-date=November 12, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Census-2020-QF">{{cite web |title=QuickFacts; Eudora, Kansas; Population, Census, 2020 & 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/eudoracitykansas/POP010220 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=August 28, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210828112244/https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/eudoracitykansas/POP010220 |archive-date=August 28, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>

== History ==
The Eudora area was home to various [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribes for thousands of years. The [[Kaw (tribe)|Kansa]] tribe lived in the Eudora area from the 1600s to the early 1800s. The Kansa lived along the rivers of this region in villages and practiced agriculture. A Kansa village was located at the site of modern day Eudora in the 1790s. In the 1820s the Kansa were forcibly removed from the region by the U.S. government to make room for the [[Shawnee]] tribe. The [[Oregon Trail]] and [[Santa Fe Trail]] passed through the region, just a few miles south of modern Eudora.

In 1854 the [[Kansas–Nebraska Act]] was passed, creating the [[Kansas Territory]] and opening the region to settlement by Americans. As a result of the Kansas–Nebraska Act, Americans settlers started to encroach upon Indian lands. In 1856, three members of a [[Germans|German]] Immigrant Settlement Company (called Deutsche-Neusiedlungsverein) from [[Chicago]], sent out a location committee to choose a town site in the new Kansas Territory. Favoring the Eudora area, they drew up contracts with Shawnee Chief Paschal Fish, the original owner of the town site.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=iT8yAAAAIBAJ&sjid=pOUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=6845%2C5701303 |title=Only few of 45 county settlements left |work=Lawrence Journal-World |date=Jun 12, 1961 |access-date=1 November 2015 |author=Cleland, Nora |pages=13A}}</ref> The new town was named Eudora in honor of Chief Fish's daughter.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ |title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States |publisher=Govt. Print. Off. |author=Gannett, Henry |year=1905 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n121 122]}}</ref><ref name="Higgins">{{cite web|last=Higgins|first=Cindy|title=Town Growth 1860-1880|url=http://eudorakshistory.com/by-decade/1860/1860-to-1880.htm|work=The History of Eudora, Kansas|access-date=2011-06-15}}</ref> The first post office in Eudora was established in September, 1857.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/page:1/county:DG/sort:County.county_name/direction:asc |title=Kansas Post Offices, 1828-1961 (archived) |publisher=Kansas Historical Society |access-date=8 June 2014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130310055433/http://www.kshs.org/geog/geog_postoffices/search/page%3A1/county%3ADG/sort%3ACounty.county_name/direction%3Aasc |archive-date=March 10, 2013 }}</ref> Eudora was incorporated in 1859.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C |title=Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. |publisher=Standard Publishing Company |author=Blackmar, Frank Wilson |year=1912 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C/page/n594 598]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=History of the State of Kansas: Containing a Full Account of Its Growth from an Uninhabited Territory to a Wealthy and Important State|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofstateof00andr|year=1883|publisher=A. T. Andreas|page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofstateof00andr/page/353 353]}}</ref>

Eudora was the site of conflict during the [[Bleeding Kansas]] Era and the [[American Civil War]]. Eudora strongly supported the Union during the Civil War, many of its men enlisted to defeat the Confederacy. [[William Quantrill]] passed through the Eudora area in 1863 on his way to [[Lawrence, Kansas|Lawrence]] to commit his infamous and deadly raid on the unsuspecting town. Several Eudora residents attempted to warn Lawrence of Quantrill's proximity, but two men were thrown from their horses, one of them dying as a result of his injuries. After the raid, Eudorans were quick to aid the citizens of Lawrence as they started their recovery.<ref name="Higgins" />

After the Civil War, relative stability finally arrived in the region. Eudora grew rapidly in the late 19th century. In the 1860s, a small Jewish community was based in Eudora. In the late 1800s, a sizeable African American community was based in Eudora; as much as 25% of the Eudora community was Black in 1870. Growth in Eudora leveled in the early 20th century. In  recent decades, Eudora has again grown tremendously, as a result of its proximity to Lawrence and [[Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City]] and its location along [[K-10 (Kansas highway)|Kansas Highway 10]].

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|2.94|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|2.89|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.05|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-07-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1880= 572
|1890= 618
|1900= 640
|1910= 640
|1920= 627
|1930= 599
|1940= 713
|1950= 1488
|1960= 1532
|1970= 2091
|1980= 3112
|1990= 3006
|2000= 4307
|2010= 6136
|2020= 6408
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]<br/>2010-2020<ref name="Census-2020-QF"/>
}}
Eudora is part of the [[Lawrence, Kansas]] [[Metropolitan Statistical Area]].

===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 6,408 people, 2,296 households, and 1,643 families in Eudora.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 2,181.8 per square mile (842.4/km{{sup|2}}). There were 2,412 housing units at an average density of 821.2 per square mile (317.1/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 87.39% (5,600) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (85.35% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 0.83% (53) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 1.42% (91) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.5% (32) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.09% (6) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 1.14% (73) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 8.63% (553) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 6.13% (393) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 2,296 households, 42.3% had children under the age of 18; 53.1% were married couples living together; 22.3% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 23.0% of households consisted of individuals and 9.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 3.0 and the average family size was 3.3.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 22.9% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

29.3% of the population was under the age of 18, 7.3% from 18 to 24, 29.3% from 25 to 44, 22.5% from 45 to 64, and 11.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35.2 years. For every 100 females, there were 101.5 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 105.1 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $87,392 (with a margin of error of +/- $11,279) and the median family income was $89,072 (+/- $10,385).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $51,387 (+/- $6,172) versus $30,748 (+/- $5,351) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $39,568 (+/- $7,479).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 8.7% of families and 10.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 16.4% of those under the age of 18 and 2.9% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Eudora%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-07-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 6,136 people, 2,210 households, and 1,600 families living in the city.<ref name="Census2010">{{cite web|title=2010 City Population and Housing Occupancy Status |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_PL_GCTPL2.ST13&prodType=table |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=April 6, 2011 }}{{dead link|bot=medic|date=April 2020}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The [[population density]] was {{convert|2123.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 2,306 housing units at an average density of {{convert|797.9|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 93.3% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.8% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.6% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.7% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.8% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 4.5% of the population.

There were 2,210 households, of which 44.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.5% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.6% were non-families. 22.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.75 and the average family size was 3.25.

The median age in the city was 31.8 years. 31% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 32.1% were from 25 to 44; 20.9% were from 45 to 64; and 8.8% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 49.5% male and 50.5% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 4,307 people, 1,607 households, and 1,136 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,173.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,664 housing units at an average density of {{convert|839.9|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.87% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.70% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.46% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.49% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.02% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.67% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.79% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.39% of the population.

There were 1,607 households, out of which 40.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.3% were non-families. 23.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.63 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 30.7% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 34.1% from 25 to 44, 15.9% from 45 to 64, and 10.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $41,713, and the median income for a family was $50,909. Males had a median income of $37,833 versus $25,202 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $18,693. About 4.3% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 5.6% of those under age 18 and 7.9% of those age 65 or over.

==Government==
The Eudora government consists of five City Commissioners, which elects the Mayor.  The City Commission meets the second and fourth Monday of each month at 7PM.<ref name="gov1">{{Cite web |url=http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=10 |title=Eudora - Directory of Public Officials |access-date=2011-04-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505111617/http://www.lkm.org/directory/cities.php?ID=10 |archive-date=2011-05-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* City Hall, 4 East 7th St.

;Representation
* Republican [[Jake LaTurner]] in Kansas' 2nd Congressional District
* Democrat [[Tom Holland (politician)|Tom Holland]] in the State Senate. 
* Republican Lance Neelly in the State House of Representatives.
* Democrat Shannon Reid in the Douglas County Commission.

==Education==
The community is served by [[Eudora USD 491]] public school district.

==Transportation==
Eudora is directly served by three state highways, three county highways and a direct route to one national highway and to one interstate highway:
*{{jct|state=KS|K|10}}
*{{jct|state=KS|K|32}}
*{{jct|state=KS|K|33}}
*{{jct|state=KS|CR|442}}
*{{jct|state=KS|CR|1061}}
*{{jct|state=KS|CR|458}}
*{{jct|state=KS|US|56}}
*{{jct|state=KS|I|70}}

==Notable people==
* [[Chase Austin]], NASCAR driver
* [[Mitch Ballock]], professional basketball player, former basketball at Creighton University
* [[Debra Dene Barnes|Debra Barnes]], 1968 [[Miss America]]
* [[Hugh Beaumont]], actor
* [[Vic Edelbrock]], manufacturer, automotive engineer
* [[Charles Parham]], founder of [[Pentacostalism]], presided over Methodist Church services from 1892 to 1894.

==See also==
* [[Beni Israel Cemetery]], added to the [[National Register of Historic Places]] list in January 2013
* [[Eudora Kaw River Bridge]], bridge over the [[Kansas River]] about 0.5 mile north of Eudora

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{Kansas books}}
{{See also|Douglas County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Douglas County, Kansas}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|https://www.cityofeudoraks.gov/|Eudora - Official}}
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260687 Eudora - Directory of Public Officials]
* [http://www.eudoranews.com ''The Eudora News''], local newspaper
* [http://www.eudorareporter.com Eudora Reporter], Eudora news and information
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/eudora.pdf Eudora city map], KDOT

{{Douglas County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Douglas County, Kansas]]