Editing Enbarr

{{Short description|Horse in the Irish Mythological Cycle}}
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The '''Enbarr''' (Énbarr) or '''Aonbharr''' of [[Manannán]] ({{langx|ga|Aonbharr Mhanannáin}}) is a horse in the Irish [[Mythological Cycle]] which could traverse both land and sea, and was swifter than wind-speed.

The horse was the property of the sea-god [[Manannan mac Lir]], but provided to [[Lugh|Lugh Lamh-fada]] ({{langx|ga|Luġ Lámhfhada}}) to use at his disposal. In the story ''[[Oidheadh Chloinne Tuireann]]'' ("The Fate of the Children of Tuireann"), Lugh refused to lend it to the sons of Tuireann, but was then forced to lend the self-navigating boat ''Sguaba Tuinne'' (Wave-sweeper) instead.

==Forms==
'''Aenbharr'''<ref>{{harvp|O'Curry|1863|p=163}} and  n145.</ref> or Aonbharr ({{langx|ga|Aonbarr}}) occur in ''[[Oidheadh Chloinne Tuireann]]''.<ref>{{harvp|O'Curry|1863|pp=162, 168–169, 192–193}}, and n206.</ref><ref>{{harvp|O'Duffy|1901}}, ¶5, pp. 3–5, tr. 70–71; ¶12, pp. 9–10, tr. 76–77; ¶35–36, pp. 29–31, tr. 99–100.</ref>

In [[Patrick Weston Joyce|P.W. Joyce]]'s retelling the horse is also called '''Enbarr of the Flowing Mane'''.<ref name=joyce/> The forms '''Énbarr''', '''Enbhárr''' are given by James Mackillop's dictionary.<ref name=mackillop/>

==Etymology==
The meaning of this name has been variously defined. As a common noun ''enbarr'' is glossed{{what?|date=October 2023}} as "froth" in the medieval [[Cormac's glossary]].{{Efn|Deconstructed as:  "''én'' "water" + ''barr'' "''[[Wikt:cacumen|cacumen]], [[Wikt:spuma|spuma]]''".}}<ref name=cormacs-glossary>[[John O'Donovan (scholar)|O'Donovan, John]] tr. (1868), "[https://books.google.com/books?id=HmViAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA66 Enbarr]", ''Sanas Chormaic'', p. 66.</ref>

The modern Irish form Aonbharr is glossed as "One Mane" by [[Eugene O'Curry|O'Curry]],{{Efn|Deconstructed as: ''aon'' "one" + ''barr'' "hair, tip, horse's mane" by O'Curry.}}<ref>{{harvp|O'Curry|1863|p=193}}, n206</ref> "the one or unrivalled mane" by O'Curry and O'Duffy,<ref>{{harvp|O'Curry|1863|p=163}}, n145</ref>{{sfnp|O'Duffy|1901|p=174}} and "unique supremacy" by James Mackillop's dictionary.<ref name=mackillop>"[https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/acref/9780198609674.001.0001/acref-9780198609674-e-1860 Énbarr, Enbhárr]", Mackillop (1998) ed., ''Oxford Dictionary of Celtic Mythology'', p. 182</ref>

Welsh scholar [[John Rhys]] thought the name meant "she had a bird's head", and evidently considered it a [[mare]].<ref name=rhys>{{citation|last=Rhys|first=John |author-link=John Rhys |title=Studies in the Arthurian |publisher=Clarendon |year=1891 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hHw6AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA221 |page=221}}</ref>

==In romance==
In the romance ''Oidheadh Chlainne Tuireann'' (OCT, The Fate of the Children of Tuireann), the [[Tuatha Dé Danann]] oppressed by tribute enforced by the [[Formorians]] gather an assembly on a hill, and Lugh arrives among an army of the "Fairy Cavalcade from the [[Tír na nÓg|Land of Promise]]" ({{langx|ga|an Marcra Sidh ó Thir Tairrngire}}). Aonbharr of Manannán was the horse Lugh was riding. The horse was quicker than the "naked cold wind of spring", and could travel over land or sea with equal ease. It also had the property that whoever was mounted on its back could not be killed. And Lugh was dressed in various armor from the sea-god adding to his invulnerability.{{sfnp|O'Curry|1863|pp=162–163}}<ref name=spaan/> Note that in [[P. W. Joyce]]'s retelling the fairy cavalcade appeared as "warriors, all mounted on white steeds",{{sfnp|Joyce|1894|p=38}} which suggests as embellishment that Lugh's horse was white also.{{efn|It might also be noted that in ''[[The Voyage of Bran]]'', Manannan is traveling over sea riding a chariot by glistening or shining sea-horses ({{langx|ga|gabra lir}}).<ref name=meyer-imram-brain/> But the sea-horses are only figurative phrasing for "crested waves" according to the DIL.<ref>eDIL s.v. "[http://www.dil.ie/25058 gabor (2)]"</ref>}}

Lugh refused to loan the horse to the sons of Tuireann, claiming that would be the loan of a loan, but in making this refusal, was later trapped into lending the self-navigating ''currach'' ([[coracle]] boat) called the "Besom of the Sea" ({{langx|ga|scuab tuinné}}),{{sfnp|O'Curry|1863|pp=192–193}} also called Sguaba Tuinne<ref>{{harvp|O'Duffy|1901}}, ¶35, p. 30, tr. 99.</ref> or Wave-sweeper.{{sfnp|Joyce|1894|p=61}}

== In popular culture ==
Enbarr appears in the 2013 video game, ''[[Final Fantasy XIV]]''. Enbarr can be obtained through the extreme level on The Whorleater, as a random drop.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ffxiv.gamerescape.com/wiki/Enbarr_(Mount)|title=Enbarr (Mount) – Gamer Escape|website=ffxiv.gamerescape.com|language=en-US|access-date=2020-12-27}}</ref>

Enbarr appears as a minor character in the Nate Temple series by [[Shayne Silvers]]. He is the horse of [[Manannán mac Lir]] and is responsible for removing the main character, Quinn MacKenna, from the Otherworld and taking her to Fae.

Enbarr is the namesake of Enbarr Ltd,<ref>{{Cite web |title=ENBARR LTD overview - Find and update company information - GOV.UK |url=https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/NI682276 |access-date=2022-05-30 |website=find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref> an Irish startup company that developed equine health management software, StablePro.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-30 |title=StablePro |url=https://www.stablepro.info/ |access-date=2022-05-30 |website=www.stablepro.info |language=en}}</ref>

In the 2019 video game ''[[Fire Emblem: Three Houses]]'', "Enbarr" is the name of the Imperial Capital of the Adrestian Empire.

==See also==
* [[List of fictional horses]]

==Explanatory notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
;Citations
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name=spaan>{{citation|last=Spaan |first=David B. |author-link=<!--David B. Spaan--> |title=The Place of Manannan Mac Lir in Irish Mythology |journal=Folklore |volume=76 |number=3 |date=<!--Autumn, -->1965 |url=<!--none--> |pages=176, 179 (176–195) |doi=10.1080/0015587X.1965.9717007 |jstor=1258585}}</ref>

<ref name=meyer-imram-brain>{{citation|editor-last=Meyer |editor-first=Kuno |editor-link=Kuno Meyer |title=Voyage of Bran |volume=1 |place=London |publisher= D. Nutt |year=1895 |url=https://archive.org/details/voyageofbransono01meye/page/18/mode/2up }},¶36 (quatrain). pp. 18–19</ref>

<ref name=joyce>{{citation|last=Joyce|first=P. W. |author-link=Patrick Weston Joyce |title=The Fate of the Children of Turenn; or, The Quest for the Eric-Fine |work=Old Celtic Romances |year=1894 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=c98YAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA37 |pages=37–95}}</ref>

}}

;Bibliography
{{refbegin}}
* {{citation|last=O'Curry |first=Eugene |author-link=Eugene O'Curry |title=(''A'')''oidhe Chloinne Tuireann'' The Fate of the Children of Tuireann |journal=The Atlantis |volume=4 |year=1863 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y5MEAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA159 |pages=157–240}}
* {{cite book|last=O'Duffy |first=Richard J. |author-link=<!--Richard J. O'Duffy--> |title=Oidhe Chloinne Tuireann: Fate of the children of Tuireann |publisher=M.H. Gill & Son (for the Society for the Preservation of the Irish language) |orig-year=1888 |year=1901 |url=https://archive.org/details/oidhechloinnetui00oduf }} 
{{refend}}
 and 
{{Celtic mythology (Mythological)}}
{{Celtic mythology (Fenian)}}

[[Category:Fenian Cycle]]
[[Category:Irish legendary creatures]]
[[Category:Mythological Cycle]]
[[Category:Mythological horses]]
[[Category:Lugh]]