Editing Emperor Go-Ichijō

{{Infobox monarch
| name           = Emperor Go-Ichijō<br>{{nobold|{{lang|ja|後一条天皇}}}}
| succession     = [[Emperor of Japan]]
| image          = Emperor Go-Ichijo.jpg
| caption        = 
| reign          = March 10, 1016 – May 15, 1036
| coronation     = March 24, 1016
| cor-type       = Japan
| predecessor    = [[Emperor Sanjō|Sanjō]]
| successor      = [[Emperor Go-Suzaku|Go-Suzaku]]
| posthumous name = [[Posthumous name#Tsuigō|''Tsuigō'']]:<br/>Emperor Go-Ichijō ({{lang|ja|後一条院}} or {{lang|ja|後一条天皇}})
| spouse         = {{marriage|[[Fujiwara no Ishi]]|1018}}
| issue          = {{plainlist|
* [[Princess Shōshi (1027–1105)|Shōshi]]
* [[Princess Kaoruko|Kaoruko]]}}
| royal house    = [[Imperial House of Japan]]
| father         = [[Emperor Ichijō]]
| mother         = [[Empress Shōshi|Fujiwara no Shōshi]]
| birth_date     = October 12, 1008
| birth_place    = Tsuchimikado Tei (土御門邸), Heian Kyō ([[Kyoto|Kyōto]])
| death_date     = {{death date and age|1036|5|15|1008|10|12}}
| death_place    = Seiryō Den (清涼殿) in Dairi (内裏), Heian Kyō (Kyōto)
| burial_place   = ''Bodaijuin no misasagi'' (菩提樹院陵) (Kyoto)
|}}

{{Nihongo|'''Emperor Go-Ichijō'''|後一条天皇|Go-Ichijō-[[tennō]]|October 12, 1008 – May 15, 1036}} was the 68th [[emperor of Japan]],<ref name="kunaicho">[[Imperial Household Agency]] (''Kunaichō''): [http://www.kunaicho.go.jp/ryobo/guide/068/index.html  後一条天皇 (68)]</ref> according to the traditional [[List of Emperors of Japan|order of succession]].<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). ''The Imperial House of Japan,'' p. 74.</ref>

Go-Ichijō's reign spanned the years from [[Heian period|1016 through 1036.]]<ref>Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō,'' pp. 307–310; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' p. 195-196; Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). {{Google books|18oNAAAAIAAJ|''Annales des empereurs du Japon,'' pp. 156–159.|page=156}}</ref>

This 11th century sovereign was named after his father, [[Emperor Ichijō]], and ''go-'' (後), translates literally as "later"; thus, he is sometimes called the "Later Emperor Ichijō", or, in some older sources, may be identified as "Emperor Ichijō, the second", or even "Emperor Ichijō II".

==Biography==
Before his ascension to the [[Chrysanthemum Throne]], his personal name (''[[imina]]'')<ref>Brown, pp. 264; prior to [[Emperor Jomei]], the personal names of the emperors were very long and people did not generally use them.  The number of characters in each name diminished after Jomei's reign.</ref> was '''Atsuhira''' ''-shinnō'' (敦成親王).<ref>Varley, p. 195</ref>  He was also known as Atsunari''-shinnō''.<ref>Titsingh, p. 156; Brown, p. 307.</ref>

Atsuhira was the second son of [[Emperor Ichijō]].  His mother, Fujiwara no Akiko/[[Empress Shōshi|Shōshi]] (藤原彰子) (988–1074), was a daughter of [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]]. In her later years, Ichijō's ''chūgo'' consort was known as Jōtō-mon In (上東門院).<ref>Titsingh, p. 156; Brown, p. 309.</ref>

==Events of Go-Ichijō's life==
Atsuhira''-shinnō'' was used as a pawn in Imperial court politics when he was only a child.

* '''1012''' (''[[Chōwa]] 1, 8th month''): Prince Atsuhira marries a daughter of ''sesshō'' and later ''kampaku'' [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]].<ref>Titsingh, p. 154.</ref>

Atsuhira became emperor at the age of 8, upon the abdication of his [[first cousin once removed]], [[Emperor Sanjō]].

* '''March 10, 1016''' (''Chōwa 5, 29th day of the 1st month'')<!-- [http://web.me.com/meyer.eva/www.yukikurete.de/nengo_calc.htm  NengoCalc] 長和五年一月二十九日  -->: In the 5th year of Emperor Sanjō's reign (三条天皇五年), he abdicated; and the succession (‘‘senso’’) was received by a cousin.  Shortly thereafter, Emperor Go-Ichijō is said to have acceded to the throne (‘‘sokui’’).<ref>Titsingh, pp. 155–156; Brown, p. 307; Varley, p. 44; a distinct act of ''senso'' is unrecognized prior to [[Emperor Tenji]]; and all sovereigns except [[Empress Jitō|Jitō]], [[Emperor Yōzei|Yōzei]], [[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]], and [[Emperor Fushimi|Fushimi]] have ''senso'' and ''sokui'' in the same year until the reign of [[Emperor Go-Murakami]].</ref>

During the initial years of Go-Ichijō's reign, [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]] actually ruled from his position as ''[[sesshō]]'' ([[regent]]).<ref>Brown, pp. 308–309; Varley, p. 195.</ref>

* '''June 5, 1017''' (''[[Kannin]] 1, 9th day of the 5th month'')<!-- 寛仁一年五月九日 -->: The former-Emperor Sanjō died at the age of 41.<ref name="b310" />
* '''1017''' (''Kannin 1, 8th month''): Prince Atsuakira, the eldest son of Emperor Sanjo, had been named Crown Prince.  But after he is struck by a skin disease and intense pressure from Michinaga; he withdrew from this role and his younger brother, Prince Atsunaga, was named Crown Prince in his place.<ref>Titsingh, p. 156.</ref>
* '''1017''' (''Kannin 1, 9th month''): Michinaga made a pilgrimage to the [[Iwashimizu Shrine]] accompanied by many courtiers.  The travelers divided themselves amongst 15 boats for a floating trip down the Yotogawa River.  One of the vessels overturned, and more than 30 people lost their lives.<ref name="t157">Titsingh, p. 157.</ref>
* '''1017''' (''Kannin 1, 12th month''): Michinaga was elevated to the office of ''Daijō-Diajin''.<ref name="t157" />
* '''May 15, 1036''' (''[[Chōgen]] 9, 17th day of the 4th month'')<!-- 長元九年四月十七日 -->: Emperor Go-Ichijō died at the age of 27.<ref name="b310" />

The actual site of Go-Ichijō's [[grave (burial)|grave]] is known.<ref name="kunaicho"/>  This emperor is traditionally venerated at a [[memorial]] [[Shinto]] [[shrine]] (''misasagi'') at Kyoto.

The [[Imperial Household Agency]] designates this location as Go-Ichijō's [[mausoleum]].  It is formally named ''Bodaijuin no misasagi''.<ref>Ponsonby-Fane, p. 421.</ref>

===Kugyō===
{{Nihongo|''[[Kugyō]]''|公卿}} is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the [[Emperor of Japan]] in pre-[[Meiji period|Meiji]] eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time.  These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career.  During Go-Ichijō's reign, this apex of the ''[[Daijō-kan]]'' included:
* ''[[Sesshō]]'', [[Fujiwara Michinaga]], 966–1027.<ref name="b308-309">Brown, p. 308-309.</ref>
* ''[[Sesshō]]'', [[Fujiwara Yorimichi]], 992–1074.<ref name="b309">Brown, p. 309.</ref>
* ''[[Kampaku]]'', Fujiwara Yorimichi.<ref name="b309">Brown, p. 309.</ref>
* ''[[Daijō-daijin]]'', Fujiwara Michinaga.<ref name="b308-309" />
* ''[[Daijō-daijin]]'', Kan'in Kinsue, 956–1029.<ref name="b309" />
* ''[[Sadaijin]]'', Fujiwara Michinaga.<ref name="b308-309" />
* ''[[Sadaijin]]'', Fujiwara Akimitsu, 944–1021.<ref name="b309" />
* ''[[Sadaijin]]'', Fujiwara Yorimichi.<ref name="b309" />
* ''[[Udaijin]]'', [[Fujiwara no Sanesuke|Fujiwara Sanesuke]], 957–1046.<ref name="b309" />
* ''[[Nadaijin]]'', Fujiwara Norimichi, 997–1075.<ref name="b309" />
* ''[[Dainagon]]''

==Eras of Go-Ichijō's reign==
The years of Go-Ichijō's reign are more specifically identified by more than one [[Japanese era names|era name]] or ''[[nengō]]''.<ref>Titsingh, p. 156-159; Brown, p. 310.</ref>
* ''[[Chōwa]]''        (1012–1017)
* ''[[Kannin]]''             (1017–1021)
* ''[[Jian (era)|Jian]]''    (1021–1024)
* ''[[Manju (era)|Manju]]''  (1024–1028)
* ''[[Chōgen]]''      (1028–1037)

==Consort and children==
[[Image:Tomb of Emperor Goichijo.jpg|right|thumbnail|Tomb of Emperor Go-Ichijō and one of his daughters, Kyoto]]
Go-Ichijō had one Empress and two Imperial daughters.<ref name="b310">Brown, p. 310.</ref>

Empress ([[Kōkyū|C''hūgū'']]): ''[[Fujiwara no Ishi]]'' (藤原威子; 999–1036), [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]]’s third daughter
* First Daughter: Imperial Princess Akiko/''[[Princess Shōshi (1027–1105)|Shōshi]]'' (章子内親王) later Nijō-In (二条院), Empress (''chūgū'') to [[Emperor Go-Reizei]]
* Second Daughter: [[Princess Kaoruko|Imperial Princess Kaoruko]]/''Keishi'' (馨子内親王; 1029–1093) later Saien-no Kogo (西院皇后), Empress (''chūgū'') to [[Emperor Go-Sanjō]]

==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|ref=<ref name=descent>{{cite web|url=https://reichsarchiv.jp/%e5%ae%b6%e7%b3%bb%e3%83%aa%e3%82%b9%e3%83%88/%e5%a4%a9%e7%9a%87%e5%ae%b6#emp068|title=Genealogy|website=Reichsarchiv|date=30 April 2010 |access-date=19 May 2018|language=ja}}</ref>
|1= 1. '''Emperor Go-Ichijō'''  
|2= 2. [[Emperor Ichijō]] (980–1011)
|3= 3. [[Empress Shōshi]] (988–1074)
|4= 4. [[Emperor En'yū]] (959–991)
|5= 5. [[:ja:藤原詮子|Fujiwara no Senshi]] (962–1002) 
|6= 6. [[Fujiwara no Michinaga]] (966–1028)
|7= 7. [[:ja:源倫子|Minamoto no Rinshi]] (964–1053)
|8= 8. [[Emperor Murakami]] (926–967)
|9= 9. [[Fujiwara no Anshi]] (927–964)
|10=10. [[Fujiwara no Kaneie]] (929–990) (=12)
|11=11. [[:ja:藤原時姫|Fujiwara no Tokihime]] (d. 980) (=13)
|12=12. [[Fujiwara no Kaneie]] (929–990) (=10)
|13=13. [[:ja:藤原時姫|Fujiwara no Tokihime]] (d. 980) (=11)
|14=14. [[Minamoto no Masanobu]] (920–993)
|15=15. [[:ja:藤原穆子|Fujiwara no Bokushi]] (931–1016)
}}

==See also==
* [[Emperor of Japan]]
* [[List of Emperors of Japan]]
* [[Imperial cult]]

==Notes==
[[File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg|thumb|right|120px|[[Imperial Seal of Japan|Japanese Imperial kamon]] — a stylized [[chrysanthemum]] blossom]]
{{Reflist}}

==References==
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho  ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323  OCLC 251325323]
* [[Richard Ponsonby-Fane|Ponsonby-Fane, Richard Arthur Brabazon]]. (1959). [https://books.google.com/books?id=SLAeAAAAMAAJ&q=The+Imperial+House+of+Japan  ''The Imperial House of Japan.''] Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/194887 OCLC 194887]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'']  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691  OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul.]] (1980). [https://books.google.com/books?id=tVv6OAAACAAJ ''Jinnō Shōtōki: A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns.''] New York: Columbia University Press. {{ISBN|978-0-231-04940-5}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/59145842  OCLC 59145842]

{{S-start}}
{{s-reg}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Emperor Sanjō]]}} 
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of Emperors of Japan|Emperor of Japan]]:<br>Go-Ichijō|years=1016–1036}} 
{{s-aft|after=[[Emperor Go-Suzaku]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{Emperors of Japan}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Go-Ichijo}}
[[Category:Emperors of Japan]]
[[Category:1008 births]]
[[Category:1036 deaths]]
[[Category:People of Heian-period Japan]]
[[Category:11th-century Japanese monarchs]]
[[Category:People from Kyoto]]
[[Category:Sons of Japanese emperors]]