Editing Emil Christian Hansen

{{Short description|Danish mycologist}}
{{About||other people named Christian Hansen|Christian Hansen (disambiguation)|the artist born Emil Hansen|Emil Nolde}}
{{Infobox scientist
|name              = Emil Christian Hansen
|image=Emil Christian Hansen.jpg
|caption           = Emil Christian Hansen
|birth_date        = {{birth-date|8 May 1842}}
|birth_place       = [[Ribe]]
|death_date = {{d-da|27 August 1909|8 May 1842}}
|death_place       =
|residence         =
|citizenship       =
|nationality       = [[Denmark|Danish]]
|ethnicity         =
|field             = [[Mycology]]
|work_institutions = [[Carlsberg Laboratory]]
|alma_mater        =
|doctoral_advisor  =
|doctoral_students =
|known_for         = [[Saccharomyces carlsbergensis]]
|author_abbrev_bot = E.C.Hansen
|author_abbrev_zoo =
|influences        =
|influenced        =
}}
[[File:Emil Christian Hansen in the lab by Frederik Riise.jpg|thumb|Hansen in his lab.]]
'''Emil Christian Hansen''' (8 May 1842 – 27 August 1909) was a [[Denmark|Danish]] [[mycologist]] and [[Zymology|fermentation physiologist]].

==Early life and education==
Hansen was born in [[Ribe]] to Joseph Christian Hansen, a house-painter, and his wife Ane Catherina Dyhre.<ref name="Klocker1910">{{Cite book| publisher = The Carlsberg Foundation| pages = 168-189 | editor-last1 = Holter | editor-first1 = H. | editor-last2 = Moller | editor-first2 = K. Max | last = Klöcker| first = Albert| title = The Carlsberg Laboratory, 1876/1976| chapter = Emil Christian Hansen 1842-1909| location = Copenhagen| date = 1976| orig-date=Written in 1910 | url = https://archive.org/details/carlsberglaborat0000unse/page/168/mode/2up}}</ref>  

Between 1874 and 1875 he edited and distributed an mycological [[exsiccata]] work, namely ''Fungorum fimicolorum exempl. exsiccati'', with 350 numbered specimen units.<ref>{{cite web |title=Fungorum fimicolorum exempl. exsiccati: IndExs ExsiccataID=1871843967 |website=IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae |publisher=Botanische Staatssammlung München |url=https://www.botanischestaatssammlung.de/DatabaseClients/IndExs/Exsiccatae_IndExs_Details.jsp?ExsiccataID=1871843967 |access-date=4 August 2024}}</ref> He was awarded a gold medal in 1876 for an essay on [[fungi]], titled ''De danske Gjødningssvampe''.<ref>[http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1G2-2830901847.html Encyclopedia.com] (biography)</ref>  During his days as a university student in [[Copenhagen]], he worked as an unpaid assistant to [[zoologist]] [[Japetus Steenstrup]] (1813–1897).

==Career==
In 1876, with Alfred Jørgensen (1848–1925), he published a Danish translation of [[Charles Darwin]]’s "[[The Voyage of the Beagle]]"; ''Rejse om Jorden''. From 1879 to 1909, he was director of the physiological department at [[Carlsberg Laboratory]].<ref>[http://www.darwinarkivet.dk/en/responses/danish-responses/biographies/emil-christian-hansen/ Darwinarkivet] (biographical information)</ref>

Hired by the [[Carlsberg Laboratory]] in [[Copenhagen]] in 1879,<ref>[http://www.germanbeerinstitute.com/history.html www.germanbeerinstitute.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924021914/http://www.germanbeerinstitute.com/history.html |date=2015-09-24 }}</ref> he became the first to isolate a pure [[yeast cell|cell of yeast]] in 1883, and after combining it with a [[sugar]]y solution, produced more yeast than was in a yeast bank. It was named as ''[[Saccharomyces carlsbergensis]]'' after the laboratory, and is the yeast from which are derived, all yeasts used in [[lager beer]]s.<ref>{{cite journal| pmid=12702272 | volume=2 | title=The dynamics of the Saccharomyces carlsbergensis brewing yeast transcriptome during a production-scale lager beer fermentation | year=2002 | journal=FEMS Yeast Res | pages=563–73 | last1 = Olesen | first1 = K | last2 = Felding | first2 = T | last3 = Gjermansen | first3 = C | last4 = Hansen | first4 = J | issue=4 | doi=10.1016/s1567-1356(02)00155-1}}</ref> See [[Top-fermenting|Fermentation]], [[Yeast]].

Hansen is the [[binomial authority|taxonomic authority]] of the fungal genus ''Anixiopsis'' (1897) from the family [[Onygenaceae]].<ref>[http://eol.org/pages/21027/names  Encyclopedia of Life] Anixiopsis</ref>

He was honoured in 1911, when botanist H. Zikes published ''[[Hanseniaspora]]'', which is a [[genus]] of [[yeasts]].<ref>{{cite web |title=''Hanseniaspora'' Zikes, 1911 |url=https://www.gbif.org/species/2598974 |website=www.gbif.org |access-date=26 March 2022 |language=en}}</ref>

== Publications by Hansen that have been translated into English == 
* [https://archive.org/details/practicalstudie01millgoog Practical studies in fermentation: being contributions to the life history of micro-organisms, 1896.]
* Considerations on Technical Mycology, 1905.<ref>[http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=au%3AHansen%2C+Emil+Chr.&qt=hot_author WorldCat Search] (publications)</ref>

{{botanist|E.C.Hansen}}

== Literature ==
* Claussen, Niels Hjelte ''Emil Christian Hansen'', pp.&nbsp;161–164 in: Meisen, V. Prominent Danish Scientists through the Ages. University Library of Copenhagen 450th Anniversary. Levin & Munksgaard, Copenhagen (1932)
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=hBO3N5qLTEIC&pg=PA90 Beer in Health and Disease Prevention] edited by Victor R. Preedy

== References ==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hansen, Emil Christian}}
[[Category:Danish physiologists]]
[[Category:Danish mycologists]]
[[Category:Danish microbiologists]]
[[Category:1842 births]]
[[Category:1909 deaths]]
[[Category:Carlsberg Laboratory staff]]
[[Category:People from Ribe]]