Editing Ellison Onizuka

{{Short description|American astronaut and engineer (1946–1986)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Use American English|date=May 2023}}
{{Infobox astronaut
|name          = Ellison Onizuka
|image         = Ellison Shoji Onizuka (NASA).jpg
|caption       = Onizuka, {{circa|1980}}
|birth_name    = Ellison Shoji Onizuka
|birth_date    = {{birth date|1946|6|24}}
|birth_place   = [[Kealakekua, Hawaii|Kealakekua]], [[Territory of Hawaii|Hawaii Territory]], U.S.
|death_date    = {{death date and age|1986|1|28|1946|6|24}}
|death_place   = North Atlantic Ocean
|death_cause   = [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'' disaster]]
|education     = [[University of Colorado at Boulder|University of Colorado, Boulder]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]], [[Master of Science|MS]])
|awards        = [[Congressional Space Medal of Honor]]
|type          = [[NASA astronaut]]
|rank          = [[Colonel (United States)|Colonel]], [[USAF]]
|time          = 3d 1h 33m
|selection     = [[NASA Astronaut Group 8|NASA Group 8 (1978)]]
|mission       = [[STS-51-C]]<br />[[STS-51-L]]
|insignia      = [[File:51-c-patch.jpg|40px]] [[File:STS-51-L-patch-small.png|40px]]
}}
{{Nihongo|'''Ellison Shoji Onizuka'''|エリソン・ショージ・オニヅカ, 鬼塚 承次|Onizuka Shōji|June 24, 1946&nbsp;– January 28, 1986|lead=yes}} was an American [[astronaut]], [[engineer]], and U.S. Air Force [[flight test engineer]] from [[Kealakekua, Hawaii]], who successfully flew into space with the [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']] on [[STS-51-C]]. He died in the [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|destruction]] of the [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']], on which he was serving as [[Mission specialist|Mission Specialist]] for mission [[STS-51-L]]. Onizuka was the [[List of Asian Americans#Space|first Asian American]] and the first person of Japanese ancestry to reach space.<ref>{{cite book |last=Furuyama |first=Katie |editor1-last=Zhao |editor1-first=Xiaojian |editor2-last=Park |editor2-first=Edward J.W. |date=November 30, 2013 |title=Asian Americans: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Social, Cultural, Economic, and Political History |chapter=Ellison Onizuka |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3AxIAgAAQBAJ&q=First+asian+american+space+onizuka&pg=PA899 |publisher=ABC-CLIO |page=899 |isbn= 9781598842401|access-date=September 18, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Challenger astronaut and Hawaii native Ellison S. Onizuka always wanted to go to space |url=http://www.cleveland.com/nation/index.ssf/2011/01/challenger_astronaut_and_hawai.html |newspaper=[[The Plain Dealer|Plain Dealer]] |date=January 26, 2011 |access-date=September 18, 2014}}</ref>

==Early life==
Onizuka was born on June 24, 1946, to [[Japanese Americans|Japanese American]] parents Masamitsu and Mitsue Onizuka. He was a [[Buddhist]]. Onizuka had two older sisters, Shirley and Norma, and a younger brother, Claude, who became the family spokesman after the ''Challenger'' disaster.<ref>{{Closed access}} {{Cite web|url=http://www.staradvertiser.com/2016/01/28/hawaii-news/hawaii-to-honor-homegrown-hero/|title=Hawaii to honor homegrown hero|last=Hurley|first=Timothy|date=January 28, 2016|website=staradvertiser.com|publisher=Honolulu Star-Advertiser|location=Honolulu, HI|access-date=October 25, 2016|url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161026080132/http://www.staradvertiser.com/2016/01/28/hawaii-news/hawaii-to-honor-homegrown-hero/ |archive-date=October 26, 2016 |url-status=live}} [http://actioncenter.agu.org/app/document/11622335 Alt URL]</ref><ref>{{Cite news |author=Schmidt |first=William E. |date=March 26, 1986 |title=FAMILIES SAY REMAINS OF 2 ASTRONAUTS HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1986/03/26/us/families-say-remains-of-2-astronauts-have-been-identified.html |access-date=October 25, 2016 |newspaper=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Growing up, Ellison Onizuka was an active participant in [[National FFA Organization|FFA]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archives.iupui.edu/bitstream/handle/2450/5460/FFANationalFutureFarmer_34_4_AprMay1986.pdf?sequence=11|title=''The National Future Farmer''|website=iupui.edu|access-date=April 16, 2018}}</ref> [[4-H]], and the [[Scouting in Hawaii|Boy Scouts of America]], where he reached the level of [[Eagle Scout (Boy Scouts of America)|Eagle Scout]].<ref name="honor">{{cite book | last = Townley | first = Alvin | year = 2006 | url = http://www.thomasdunnebooks.com/TD_TitleDetail.aspx?ISBN=0312366531 | title = Legacy of Honor: The Values and Influence of America's Eagle Scouts | publisher = St. Martin's Press | location = New York | pages = 79 | isbn = 0-312-36653-1 | access-date = December 29, 2006 | archive-date = December 19, 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061219180428/http://www.thomasdunnebooks.com/TD_TitleDetail.aspx?ISBN=0312366531 | url-status = dead}}</ref>

Onizuka graduated from [[Konawaena High School]] in 1964. He received a [[Bachelor of Science]] degree in [[Aerospace Engineering]] in June 1969, and a [[Master of Science]] degree in that field in December of the same year, from the [[University of Colorado at Boulder]]. Onizuka participated in the [[Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps]] during his time there and is an alumnus of [[Triangle Fraternity]], the AFROTC [[Arnold Air Society]], as well as a member of the [[Tau Beta Pi]] honor society.

Onizuka married Lorna Leiko Yoshida on June 7, 1969,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bouldercounty.org/clerk/recording/search/icris.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080226114045/http://www.bouldercounty.org/clerk/recording/search/icris.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 26, 2008 |title=iCRIS Record Search |publisher=Boulder County Recording Division |access-date=July 22, 2008}}</ref> while completing his studies at the University of Colorado. They had two daughters, Janelle Onizuka-Gillilan (b. 1969) and Darien Lei Shizue Onizuka-Morgan (b. 1975).

==Air Force career==
On January 15, 1970, Onizuka entered active duty with the United States Air Force,<ref name="graves">{{cite web |url=http://www.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=8750&enc=1 |title=National Cemetery Administration. U.S. Veterans Gravesites, ca.1775-2006 |location=Provo, Utah, United States |publisher=The Generations Network, Inc. |year=2006}}</ref> where he served as a [[flight test engineer]] at Sacramento Air Logistics Center at [[McClellan Air Force Base]]. He worked in test flight programs and systems security engineering for the [[F-84]], [[F-100 Super Sabre|F-100]], [[F-105]], [[F-111]], [[EC-121]]T, [[T-33 Shooting Star|T-33]], [[North American T-39 Sabreliner|T-39]], [[T-28 Trojan|T-28]], and [[A-1 Skyraider|A-1]].

From August 1974 to July 1975, Onizuka attended the [[U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School]]. In July 1975, he was assigned to the Flight Test Center at [[Edwards Air Force Base]] in [[California]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Thomas |first=James A. (Gene) |title=Some Trust in Chariots |publisher=Xulon Press |year=2006 |isbn=978-1-60034-096-3 |page=149}}</ref> Onizuka became a squadron flight test engineer at the USAF Test Pilot School, and later worked as a manager for engineering support in the training resources division. His duties there consisted of course instruction and management of the airship fleet ([[A-7 Corsair II|A-7]], [[A-37 Dragonfly|A-37]], [[T-38 Talon|T-38]], [[F-4 Phantom II|F-4]], [[T-33 Shooting Star|T-33]], and [[KC-135|NKC-135]]) being used for the Test Pilot School and Flight Test Center. While at the school, Onizuka registered more than 1,700 flight hours.<ref name=nasa>{{cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/onizuka_ellison.pdf |title=ELLISON S. ONIZUKA (COLONEL, USAF), NASA ASTRONAUT (DECEASED) |date=January 2007 |access-date=May 14, 2021}}</ref>

==NASA career==
[[File:The STS-51L Crew (15871993874).jpg|thumb|The STS-51L Crew]]
Onizuka was selected for the astronaut program in January 1978 and completed one year of evaluation and training in August 1979.<ref>{{cite journal|title=In Honor of Ellison Onizuka|journal=The Rotarian|date=April 1986}}</ref> Later, he worked in the experimentation team, Orbiter test team, and launch support crew at [[Kennedy Space Center]] for the STS-1 and STS-2. At NASA, Onizuka worked on the [[Shuttle Avionics Integration Laboratory]] (SAIL) test and revision software team.

Onizuka's first space mission took place on January 24, 1985, with the launch of mission [[STS-51-C]] on [[Space Shuttle Discovery|Space Shuttle ''Discovery'']], the first Space Shuttle mission for the [[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Boyne |first=Walter J. |url=https://archive.org/details/beyondwildbluehi0000boyn/page/496 |title=Beyond the Wild Blue: A History of the U.S. Air Force, 1947-2007 |publisher=Thomas Dunne Books |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-312-35811-2 |page=[https://archive.org/details/beyondwildbluehi0000boyn/page/496 496] |url-access=registration}}</ref> He was accompanied by Commander [[Ken Mattingly]], Pilot [[Loren Shriver]], fellow [[Mission Specialist]] [[James Buchli]], and [[Payload Specialist]] [[Gary E. Payton]]. During the mission, Onizuka was responsible for the activities of the primary payloads, which included the unfolding of the Inertial Upper Stage (IUS) surface. After 48 orbits around the Earth, ''Discovery'' landed at Kennedy Space Center on January 27, 1985. Onizuka had completed a total of 74 hours in [[Outer space|space]].<ref name=nasa/>

[[File:Onizukagrave.jpg|thumb|right|Gravesite of Onizuka]]
Onizuka was assigned to the mission [[STS-51-L]] on the [[Space Shuttle Challenger|Space Shuttle ''Challenger'']] that took off from Kennedy Space Center at 11:38:00 EST (16:38:00 UTC) on January 28, 1986. The other ''Challenger'' crew members were commander [[Dick Scobee]], pilot [[Michael J. Smith]], mission specialists [[Ronald McNair]], [[Judith Resnik]], and payload specialists [[Gregory Jarvis]] and [[Christa McAuliffe]]. The shuttle was destroyed when a flame jet leaking from a solid rocket booster ruptured the liquid hydrogen fuel tank 73 seconds after launch. All seven crew members were killed.

Following the ''Challenger'' disaster, examination of the recovered vehicle cockpit revealed that three of the crew members' [[Personal Egress Air Pack]]s were activated: those of Onizuka, Resnik, and Smith. The location of Smith's activation switch, on the back side of his seat, means that either Resnik or Onizuka could have activated it for him. This is the only evidence available from the disaster that shows Onizuka and Resnik were alive after the cockpit separated from the vehicle. However, if the cabin had lost pressure, the packs alone would not have sustained the crew during the two-minute descent.<ref>{{cite web |author=Kerwin |first=Joseph P. |date=July 28, 1986 |title=Letter from Joseph Kerwin to Richard Truly relating to the deaths of the astronauts in the Challenger accident |url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/kerwin.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090723220719/http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/kerwin.html |archive-date=July 23, 2009 |access-date=October 20, 2009 |publisher=National Aeronautics and Space Administration}}</ref>

Onizuka was buried at the [[National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific]] in [[Honolulu]].<ref name="graves" /> At the time of his death, he held the rank of [[lieutenant colonel]]. Onizuka was [[Posthumous award|posthumously]] promoted to the rank of [[Colonel (United States)|colonel]].<ref>
[http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg3350.pdf An Act To Authorize the President to Promote Posthumously the Late Lieutenant Colonel Ellison S. Onizuka to the Grade of Colonel.]</ref>

==Memberships and distinctions==
Onizuka belonged to the following organizations: Society of Flight Test Engineers, the [[Air Force Association]], the [[American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics]], [[Tau Beta Pi]], [[Sigma Tau]], [[Arnold Air Society]], and [[Triangle Fraternity]].

Among Onizuka's distinctions are the [[Meritorious Service Medal (United States)|Air Force Meritorious Service Medal]], [[Air Force Commendation Medal]], [[Air Force Outstanding Unit Award]], [[Air Force Organizational Excellence Award]], [[National Defense Service Medal]], [[Air and Space Longevity Service Award]], and [[NASA Space Flight Medal]]. He was posthumously awarded the [[Congressional Space Medal of Honor]].

==Legacy==
[[File:11-11-06-LittleTokyo-StVibiana-LAskyline.jpg|thumb|200px|left|[[Downtown Los Angeles]] as seen from the corner of Ellison S. Onizuka St., San Pedro St. and 2nd St. in [[Little Tokyo, Los Angeles|Little Tokyo]]]]
[[Onizuka Air Force Station]]<ref>{{cite book|last=Cragg|first=Dan|title=Guide to Military Installations |year=2001|publisher=Stackpole Books|isbn=978-0-8117-2781-5|page=29}}</ref> (defunct as of 2010) in [[Sunnyvale, California]], and Onizuka Village family housing on Hickam Air Force Base are dedicated to Onizuka.<ref>{{cite web |title= Astronaut Ellison S Onizuka Space Center |year= 2008 |url= http://www.moonchasers.com/onizuka.html  |access-date= August 26, 2010}}</ref>

The Ellison S. Onizuka Space Center at [[Kona International Airport]] in the [[Kona District, Hawaii|Kona district]] of [[Hawaii (island)|Hawai{{okina}}i island]] where he was born and raised, was dedicated to him. The center closed in March 2016 and was unable to find a suitable location to reopen. Select items from the center's collection have been put on permanent display at the [[Japanese Cultural Center of Hawaii]] in [[Mōʻiliʻili, Hawaii|Mōʻiliʻili]] on the island of Oahu. They not only feature Onizuka's personal items, but also the only [[Moon rock]] in Hawaii and the space suit from Apollo 13 astronaut [[Fred Haise]].

Two [[astronomy|astronomical]] features were also named after Onizuka: an [[asteroid]] discovered by [[Edward L. G. Bowell]] on February 8, 1984, [[3355 Onizuka]] and a 29-km-diameter [[Impact crater|crater]] on the [[Moon]], [[Onizuka (crater)|Onizuka]]. The [[Cygnus NG-16]] ISS resupply spacecraft was also named after Onizuka (S.S. ''Ellison Onizuka'').

[[Little Tokyo, Los Angeles|Little Tokyo]] in [[Los Angeles]] has a street named after Onizuka, as does the street surrounding Whitcomb Elementary school in [[Clear Lake City, Houston, Texas]], where his daughters attended. It also named its library the Onizuka Memorial Library. (At the time of the ''Challenger'' disaster, his older daughter, Janelle, attended Clear Lake High School. His younger daughter, Darien Lei, was at Whitcomb.) In addition, Onizuka Street in Little Tokyo has a scale replica of the ''Challenger'' as a memorial, and a permanent memorial to Onizuka is located in the lobby of the Hompa Hongwanji Buddhist Temple.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inetours.com/Los_Angeles/Photos/Onizuka-Memorial.html|title=Downtown Los Angeles Photo Gallery – City Sightseeing Tours|website=www.inetours.com|access-date=April 16, 2018|archive-date=March 19, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170319043935/http://inetours.com/Los_Angeles/Photos/Onizuka-Memorial.html|url-status=usurped}}</ref>

[[File:11-11-06-LittleTokyo-WellerCourt.jpg|thumb|Weller Court shopping plaza (left) and Onizuka St., with [[Los Angeles City Hall]] in the background]]
The [[Onizuka Center for International Astronomy]], named in Onizuka's honor, is the mid-level support and visitor complex for the [[Mauna Kea Observatories]] in Hawaii. It includes a Visitor Information Station as well as dining, lodging, office, and maintenance facilities for observatory staff and astronomers.<ref>{{cite web |title= Visitor Information Station |work= Onizuka Center for International Astronomy official web site |publisher= University of Hawaii Institutute for Astronomy |url= http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/info/vis/ |access-date= August 26, 2010}}</ref> A plaque of his face is mounted on a boulder by the entrance to the Visitor Information Station. [[Triangle Fraternity]] has the Ellison Onizuka Young Alumnus Award in tribute to him.

The Ann & H.J. Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences building at the University of Colorado at Boulder features a conference room named after Onizuka on the third floor. The [[Arnold Air Society]] Squadron attached to the 105th [[Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps]] Detachment at the University of Colorado at Boulder bears his name.<ref>{{cite web|title=On Silver Wings |work=MILEHIGHCON 2004 |publisher=Silver Wings Newsletter |url=http://arnold-air.org/files/silver_wings/sw-library/newsletters/2003_Oct_OSW.pdf |access-date=February 11, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725013803/http://arnold-air.org/files/silver_wings/sw-library/newsletters/2003_Oct_OSW.pdf |archive-date=July 25, 2011}}</ref>

Page 28 (Page X of additional page inserts, or page 52 of the extended length version) of every new standard U.S. passport contains this quotation: "Every generation has the obligation to free men's minds for a look at new worlds&nbsp;... to look out from a higher plateau than the last generation." – Ellison Onizuka

The Hawaii Space Grant Consortium holds an annual Astronaut Ellison Onizuka Science Day<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.spacegrant.hawaii.edu/OnizukaDay/ |title=Astronaut Ellison Onizuka Science Day |publisher=Hawai'i Space Grand Consortium |year=2009 |access-date=July 3, 2009 |archive-date=September 18, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090918001114/http://www.spacegrant.hawaii.edu/OnizukaDay/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> at the [[University of Hawaiʻi at Hilo]] for students in grades 4–12, parents and teachers. [[El Camino College]] in [[Torrance, California]] hosts an annual Onizuka Space Science Day,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elcamino.edu/academics/naturalsciences/onizuka-space-science-day/index.asp |title=Onizuka Space Science Day |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324224226/http://www.elcamino.edu/academics/naturalsciences/onizuka-space-science-day/index.asp |archive-date=March 24, 2014}}</ref> jointly organized by the Onizuka Memorial Committee.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://onizukamemorial.org/ |title=Onizuka Memorial Committee Science Day}}</ref>

The students at the United States Air Force Test Pilot School present the [[Onizuka Prop Wash Award]] to the classmate who contributed most to class spirit and morale.<ref name=Taylor>{{cite web |last= Taylor |first=Annamaria |title = TPS class 09A graduates |url=https://www.edwards.af.mil/News/Article/395451/tps-class-09a-graduates/ |publisher=United States Air Force |date=January 6, 2010 |access-date=April 29, 2017}}</ref>

On January 1, 2017, the airport in Onizuka's home district of Kona was renamed Ellison Onizuka [[Kona International Airport]] at Keāhole.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/pacific/news/2017/01/03/kona-international-airport-takes-on-new-name-for.html|title = Kona International Airport takes on new name for the new year, for Challenger astronaut Ellison Onizuka}}</ref>
[[File:Col. Ellison Shoji Onizuka and Challenger Crewmates memorial lantern - Morikami Museum and Japanese Gardens - Palm Beach County, Florida - DSC03558.jpg|thumb|Ellizon Onizuka and Challenger Crewmates memorial lantern in Morikami Museum and Japanese Gardens in Palm Beach County, Florida]]
Clear Lake High School, where Onizuka's children went to school, has on display a soccer ball that was on board the ''Challenger'' during the accident. It was given to Ellison on behalf of the soccer team that he coached, and for which his children played, to be brought into space. The ball was retrieved during the recovery efforts and donated to the school. In 2016, [[Robert S. Kimbrough|Col. Robert Kimbrough]] on [[Expedition 49]]/[[Expedition 50|50]] brought the ball into space.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.espn.com/espn/feature/story/_/id/23902766/nasa-astronaut-ellison-onizuka-soccer-ball-survived-challenger-explosion|title=The inside story of the soccer ball that survived the Challenger explosion|publisher=ESPN|access-date=June 29, 2018}}</ref>

A [[Cygnus (spacecraft)|Cygnus]] resupply vehicle on [[International Space Station|ISS]] resupply mission [[Cygnus NG-16]] was named the ''SS Ellison Onizuka'' in his honor.<ref name="Gembec 2021">{{cite web |last=Gembec |first=Martin |date=August 17, 2021 |title=Thomasův fotokoutek 45 |trans-title=Thomas's photo corner 45 |url=https://kosmonautix.cz/2021/08/thomasuv-fotokoutek-45/ |access-date=February 19, 2022 |website=Kosmonautix.cz |language=cs}}</ref> It launched on August 10, 2021, and arrived at the ISS on August 12.

[[Morikami Museum and Japanese Gardens]] has a memorial and lamp dedicated to the seven astronauts who died on the ''Challenger'', including Ellison Onizuka.<ref name="Morikami 2013">{{cite web |title=Visitors Guide |url=https://morikami.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/Visitors-Guide-Web.pdf |website=Morikami.org |date=2013-08-13 |access-date=2024-12-04 |page=7}}</ref>  

===In media===
*Onizuka was portrayed by [[Keone Young]] in the 1990 TV movie ''[[Challenger (1990 film)|Challenger]]''.
*In ''[[Star Trek: The Next Generation]]'', a shuttlecraft carried aboard the [[USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-D)|USS ''Enterprise'' (NCC-1701-D)]] bears Onizuka's name, as seen in the three episodes "[[The Ensigns of Command]]", "[[The Mind's Eye (Star Trek: The Next Generation)|The Mind's Eye]]" and [[The Outcast (Star Trek: The Next Generation)|"The Outcast."]]

==See also==
{{Portal|Biography}}
*[[List of Asian American astronauts]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*This article draws heavily on the [[:es:Ellison Onizuka|corresponding article]] in the Spanish-language Wikipedia, which was accessed in the version of July 8, 2005.

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*{{cite web|url=https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/onizuka_ellison.pdf |title=ELLISON S. ONIZUKA (COLONEL, USAF), NASA ASTRONAUT (DECEASED) |date=January 2007 |access-date=May 14, 2021}}
*[http://www.astronautsmemorial.org/ellison-s-onizuka-honored.html Astronaut Memorial Foundation website]

{{Congressional Space Medal of Honor}}
{{STS-51L}}
{{NASA Astronaut Group 8|state=autocollapse}}

{{Use American English|date=January 2014}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Onizuka, Ellison}}
[[Category:1946 births]]
[[Category:1986 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American engineers]]
[[Category:United States Air Force astronauts]]
[[Category:American Shin Buddhists]]
[[Category:United States Air Force officers]]
[[Category:People from Hawaii (island)]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Hawaii]]
[[Category:University of Colorado alumni]]
[[Category:American military personnel of Japanese descent]]
[[Category:U.S. Air Force Test Pilot School alumni]]
[[Category:American test pilots]]
[[Category:Space Shuttle program astronauts]]
[[Category:Space Shuttle Challenger disaster victims]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Congressional Space Medal of Honor]]
[[Category:Triangle Fraternity]]
[[Category:Aviators from Hawaii]]
[[Category:American aviators of Asian descent]]
[[Category:Burials at the National Memorial Cemetery of the Pacific]]
[[Category:Hawaii people of Japanese descent]]