Editing Ellinwood, Kansas

{{Short description|City in Barton County, Kansas}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Ellinwood, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Ellinwood P5310457.JPG
|image_caption            = United Methodist Church (2012)
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Barton_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Ellinwood_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Barton Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|38|21|22|N|98|34|51|W|region:US-KS_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1871
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1878
|named_for                = Colonel John Ellinwood

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = <!-- [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]] -->
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 1.32
|area_land_sq_mi          = 1.32
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_total_km2           = 3.42
|area_land_km2            = 3.42
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft             = 1788

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 2011
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 67526
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 620|620]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-20425
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 475775<ref name="GNIS">{{cite gnis2|475775|Ellinwood, Kansas}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://www.cityofellinwoodks.com/|cityofellinwoodks.com}}
}}

'''Ellinwood''' is a city in the southeastern corner of [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 2,011.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Ellinwood, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2020425 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=March 20, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220320185814/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2020425 |archive-date=March 20, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==

===19th century===
[[File:Stouffer's Railroad Map of Kansas 1915-1918 Barton County.png|thumb|left|1915 Railroad Map of [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton County]]]]
For millennia, the land now known as Kansas was inhabited by [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]].  In 1803, most of [[History of Kansas|modern Kansas]] was secured by the United States as part of the [[Louisiana Purchase]].  In 1854, the [[Kansas Territory]] was organized, then in 1861 [[Kansas]] became the 34th [[U.S. state]].  In 1867, [[Barton County, Kansas|Barton County]] was founded.

The first claim at Ellinwood was staked in 1871<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C | title=Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. | publisher=Standard Publishing Company | author=Blackmar, Frank Wilson | year=1912 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C/page/n573 577]}}</ref> when it was certain the Santa Fe railroad would be completed nearby.  The railroad was finished in 1872 and the city was named after Colonel John R. Ellinwood, a civil engineer working for the Santa Fe railroad.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n116 117]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://ks-ellinwood.civiccities.com/index.aspx?nid=765 |title=Ellinwood History |access-date=April 12, 2013 |archive-date=February 2, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202171847/http://ks-ellinwood.civiccities.com/index.aspx?nid=765 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Although neither the founder nor the original settlers were German, many of the main streets were given German names, in order to appeal to German immigrant buyers.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/biographicalhist00unse_4 | title=Biographical History of Barton County, Kansas | publisher=Great Bend Tribune | year=1912 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/biographicalhist00unse_4/page/204 204]}}</ref>

[[File:Ellinwood KS - 1917.jpg|thumb|left|Ellinwood - 1917]]

In 1878, [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]] and parties from [[Marion County, Kansas|Marion]] and [[McPherson County, Kansas|McPherson counties]] chartered the [[Marion and McPherson Railway Company]].<ref name="MarionCountyBook">''Marion County Kansas : Past and Present''; Sondra Van Meter; MB Publishing House; [[LCCN]] 72-92041; 344 pages; 1972.</ref>  In 1879, a branch line was built from [[Florence, Kansas|Florence]] to [[McPherson, Kansas|McPherson]]; in 1880 it was extended to [[Lyons, Kansas|Lyons]] and in 1881  was extended to Ellinwood.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=ZIwpAAAAYAAJ Fourth Annual Report of the Board of Railroad Commissioners for the Year Ending December 1, 1886 in State of Kansas; Kansas Publishing House; 1886.]</ref>  The line was leased and operated by the [[Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway]].  The line from Florence to [[Marion, Kansas|Marion]] was abandoned in 1968.<ref name="Abandon Railway 1968">[http://www.abandonedrails.com/Marion_to_Florence Railway Abandonment 1968]</ref>  In 1992, the line from Marion to McPherson was sold to [[Central Kansas Railway]]. In 1993, after heavy flood damage, the line from Marion to McPherson was abandoned.  The original branch line connected Florence, Marion, [[Canada, Kansas|Canada]], [[Hillsboro, Kansas|Hillsboro]], [[Lehigh, Kansas|Lehigh]], [[Canton, Kansas|Canton]], [[Galva, Kansas|Galva]], McPherson, [[Conway, Kansas|Conway]], [[Windom, Kansas|Windom]], [[Little River, Kansas|Little River]], [[Mitchell, Kansas|Mitchell]], Lyons, [[Chase, Kansas|Chase]] and Ellinwood.

===20th century===
In 1973, the rock band [[Kansas (band)|Kansas]] rented the Ellinwood Opera House as a 'tryout show' for New York record executive [[Wally Gold]], using free beer as a marketing tool, and charged a USD $0.25 entry fee to help cover some of their expenses.  The story is told in the 2015 documentary ''Miracles Out of Nowhere''.<ref>[http://cjonline.com/news/2013-06-17/kansas-more-dust-wind# Kansas more than 'Dust in the Wind'; The Topeka Capital-Journal; June 17, 2013.]</ref>

===21st century===
In 2018, the annual After Harvest Festival held during the third weekend in July, instituted a ban on coolers at the dance that takes place on the third and final night of the festival.

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|1.14|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-07-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref> The city is situated along the path of the historic Santa Fe Trail. Ellinwood is also located just north of the [[Arkansas River]], roughly in the area where it makes its "great bend" to the southeast en route to its final destination, the [[Mississippi River]].

===Climate===
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.  According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Ellinwood has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=812341&cityname=Ellinwood%2C+Kansas%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Ellinwood, Kansas]</ref>

==Area attractions==
* Downtown Tunnels<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ellinwoodchamber.com/tunnels.html |title=Ellinwood's Underground Tunnels |access-date=2010-09-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100831112709/http://www.ellinwoodchamber.com/tunnels.html |archive-date=2010-08-31 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1880= 352
|1890= 684
|1900= 760
|1910= 976
|1920= 1103
|1930= 1115
|1940= 2059
|1950= 2569
|1960= 2729
|1970= 2416
|1980= 2508
|1990= 2329
|2000= 2164
|2010= 2131
|2020= 2011
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
[[File:Ellinwood Santa Fe Trail Marker (DAR) P5310459.JPG|thumb|right|[[Santa Fe Trail]] DAR marker in Ellinwood]]
===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 2,011 people, 862 households, and 548 families in Ellinwood.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 1,522.3 per square mile (587.8/km{{sup|2}}). There were 986 housing units at an average density of 746.4 per square mile (288.2/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 93.24% (1,875) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (90.45% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 0.3% (6) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 0.45% (9) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.25% (5) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% (0) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 1.24% (25) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 4.53% (91) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 4.48% (90) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 862 households, 28.9% had children under the age of 18; 47.6% were married couples living together; 28.0% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 33.1% of households consisted of individuals and 16.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.4 and the average family size was 3.0.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor’s degree or higher was estimated to be 16.3% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

24.0% of the population was under the age of 18, 6.7% from 18 to 24, 22.6% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 22.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 103.1 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 106.9 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $48,322 (with a margin of error of +/- $8,214) and the median family income was $68,822 (+/- $2,351).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $34,776 (+/- $4,847) versus $19,279 (+/- $4,892) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $27,422 (+/- $6,776).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 5.5% of families and 11.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 11.4% of those under the age of 18 and 11.9% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Ellinwood%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-07-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 2,131 people, 910 households, and 601 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1869.3|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 1,042 housing units at an average density of {{convert|914.0|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.3% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.6% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.9% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.7% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.9% of the population.

There were 910 households, of which 28.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.0% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.28 and the average family size was 2.80.

The median age in the city was 43.7 years. 22.7% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.3% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20% were from 25 to 44; 27.5% were from 45 to 64; and 21.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.4% male and 51.6% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 2,164 people, 906 households, and 594 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,996.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,034 housing units at an average density of {{convert|954.1|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.90% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.23% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.83% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.05% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.60% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.39% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.85% of the population.

There were 906 households, out of which 31.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.1% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.4% were non-families. 31.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.95.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.2% under the age of 18, 6.3% from 18 to 24, 23.8% from 25 to 44, 21.7% from 45 to 64, and 22.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 85.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.2 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,596, and the median income for a family was $42,292. Males had a median income of $29,792 versus $19,194 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,811. About 7.3% of families and 10.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 9.0% of those under age 18 and 15.1% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The community is served by [[Ellinwood USD 355]] public school district.

==Transportation==
[[U.S. Route 56 in Kansas|U.S. Route 56]] runs through the city.

==Notable person==
* [[Wally Hickel]] (1919–2010), [[Governor of Alaska]] and [[United States Secretary of the Interior|Secretary of the Interior]]

==See also==
* [[Santa Fe Trail]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{See also|Barton County, Kansas#Further reading|l1=List of books about Barton County, Kansas}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Ellinwood, Kansas}}
* [https://www.cityofellinwoodks.com/ City of Ellinwood]
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260674 Ellinwood - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.usd355.org/ USD 355], local school district
* [http://ellinwoodhistoricalsociety.com/ Ellinwood Kansas Historical Society]
* {{YouTube|QqGk3b-9wkQ|Underground Ellinwood}}, from ''Hatteberg's People'' on [[KAKE]] TV news
* {{YouTube|B81Lv5vLIiQ|Wolf Hotel - History Has A Future}}, from ''Hatteberg's People'' on [[KAKE]] TV news
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/ellinwood.PDF Ellinwood city map], KDOT

{{Barton County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Barton County, Kansas]]
[[Category:Kansas populated places on the Arkansas River]]