Editing Elizabeth, Pennsylvania

{{Short description|Borough in Pennsylvania, US}}
{{use mdy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Elizabeth, Pennsylvania
| official_name                   = 
| settlement_type                 = [[Borough (Pennsylvania)|Borough]]
| nickname                        = 
| motto                           = 
<!-- Images -->
| image_skyline                   = Second_Avenue_Elizabeth_Pa.jpg
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = Second Avenue
| image_flag                      = 
| image_seal                      = 
<!-- Maps -->
| image_map                       = Allegheny County Pennsylvania incorporated and unincorporated areas Elizabeth highlighted.svg
| mapsize                         = 260px
| map_caption                     = Location in [[Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|Allegheny County]] and the U.S. state of [[Pennsylvania]].

<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = United States
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Pennsylvania]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[List of counties in Pennsylvania|County]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|Allegheny]]
| government_footnotes            = 
| government_type                 = 
| leader_title                    = 
| leader_name                     = 
| leader_title1                   = 
| leader_name1                    = 
| established_title               = 
| established_date                = 
<!-- Area -->
| area_footnotes                  = <ref>{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='42'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=October 12, 2022}}</ref>
| area_magnitude                  = 
| area_total_sq_mi                = 0.42
| area_land_sq_mi                 = 0.34
| area_water_sq_mi                = 0.07

<!-- Population -->
| population_as_of                = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/>
| population_total                = 1398
| population_density_sq_mi        = 4075.80

<!-- General information -->
| timezone                        = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
| utc_offset                      = -5
| timezone_DST                    = EDT
| utc_offset_DST                  = -4
| elevation_footnotes             = 
| elevation_ft                    = 
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40|16|16|N|79|53|11|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type                = [[ZIP code]]s
| postal_code                     = 15037
| area_code                       = 412
| blank_name                      = [[Federal Information Processing Standards|FIPS code]]
| blank_info                      = 42-22992
| blank1_name                     = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info                     = 
| website                         = {{URL|elizabethpa.net}}
| footnotes                       = {{designation list|embed=yes|designation1=Pennsylvania|designation1_date=December 20, 1946<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/pennsylvania_historical_marker_program/2539/search_for_historical_markers |title=PHMC Historical Markers Search |work=Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission |publisher=Commonwealth of Pennsylvania | format=Searchable database | access-date=2014-01-25}}</ref>}}
| pop_est_as_of                   = 
| pop_est_footnotes               = 
| population_est                  = 
| unit_pref                       = Imperial
| area_total_km2                  = 1.07
| area_land_km2                   = 0.89
| area_water_km2                  = 0.19
| population_density_km2          = 1574.26
}}

'''Elizabeth''' is a [[Borough (Pennsylvania)|borough]] in [[Allegheny County, Pennsylvania]], United States, on the east bank of the [[Monongahela River]], where [[Pennsylvania Route 51]] crosses, {{convert|15|mi}} upstream (south) of [[Pittsburgh]] and close to the county line. The population was 1,398 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://data.census.gov/all?q=Elizabeth+borough,+Pennsylvania | title=Explore Census Data }}</ref> The borough of Elizabeth is entirely contained within the 15037 [[United States Postal Service|USPS]] [[ZIP code]]. The local school district is the [[Elizabeth Forward School District]]. The borough is home to neighborhoods Walker Heights and Town Hill. 

==Geography==
Elizabeth is located at {{coord|40|16|16|N|79|53|11|W|region:US_type:city}} (40.271189, -79.886347).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the borough has a total area of {{convert|0.4|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|0.3|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|0.1|sqmi}}, or 14.63%, is water.

==Surrounding neighborhoods==
Elizabeth has two land borders with the townships of [[Elizabeth Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|Elizabeth]] to the east and northeast, and [[Forward Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|Forward]] to the south and southeast. Across the Monongahela River, Elizabeth runs adjacent with [[West Elizabeth, Pennsylvania|West Elizabeth]] and [[Jefferson Hills, Pennsylvania|Jefferson Hills]], the former with a direct connector via Malady Bridge.

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1850= 1120
|1860= 975
|1870= 1196
|1880= 1810
|1890= 1804
|1900= 1866
|1910= 2311
|1920= 2703
|1930= 2939
|1940= 2976
|1950= 2615
|1960= 2597
|1970= 2273
|1980= 1892
|1990= 1610
|2000= 1609
|2010= 1493
|2020= 1398
|footnote=Sources:<ref>{{cite web|title=Population of Civil Divisions Less than Counties|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1870a-08.pdf|work=1850 U.S. Census|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 24, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Population of Civil Divisions Less than Counties|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1880a_v1-12.pdf|work=1880 United States Census|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 24, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Population-Pennsylvania|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v3ch4.pdf|work=U.S. Census 1910|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Number and Distribution of Inhabitants:Pennsylvania-Tennessee|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/03815512v1ch09.pdf|work=Fifteenth Census|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Number of Inhabitants: Pennsylvania|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/17216604v1p40ch02.pdf|work=18th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Pennsylvania: Population and Housing Unit Counts|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-40.pdf|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref><ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2008-01-31|title=U.S. Census website}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population|url=https://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012-3.html|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130602094321/http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2012/SUB-EST2012-3.html|archive-date=June 2, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:42&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=Oct 12, 2022}}</ref>
}}
As of the [[2000 United States census|2000 census]],<ref name="GR2" /> there were 1,609 people, 681 households, and 422 families residing in the borough. The population density was {{convert|4,544.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 758 housing units at an average density of {{convert|2,141.1|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the borough was 94.84% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 3.60% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.37% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.19% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], and 0.99% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.25% of the population.

Households: There were 681 households, out of which 26.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.6% were married couples living together, 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 33.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years or older. The average household size was 2.34 and the average family size was 2.98.

Age distribution: The population was spread out, with 22.9% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.5% from 25 to 44, 21.0% from 45 to 64, and 21.1% who were 65 or older. The median age was 40. For every 100 females, there were 82.2 males; for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 79.1 males.

Income: The median income for a household in the borough was $30,556, and the median income for a family was $36,607. Males had a median income of $28,088 versus $22,350 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the borough was $17,618. About 7.3% of families and 10.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 17.5% of those under age 18 and 8.8% of those age 65 or over.

==Government and politics==
{| class="wikitable" style="float:right; font-size:95%;"
|+ Presidential elections results<ref>{{cite web|last1=EL|title=2012 Allegheny County election|url=http://triblive.com/politics/2907065-74/pittsburgh-ward-hills-west-borough-braddock-east-elizabeth-north-park|website=Pittsburgh Tribune-Review|access-date=October 15, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=EL|title=2016 Pennsylvania general election...|url=http://newsinteractive.post-gazette.com/electionresultsgen2016/|website=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|access-date=October 15, 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://results.enr.clarityelections.com/PA/Allegheny/106267/web.264614/#/detail/0004 | title=Election Night Reporting }}</ref>
|- bgcolor=lightgrey
! Year
! [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
! [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
! [[Third party (U.S. politics)|Third parties]]
|-
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2020 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania|2020]]'''
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Republican}}|''58%'' ''398''
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Democratic}}|''39%'' ''273''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|''1%'' ''12''
|-
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2016 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania|2016]]'''
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Republican}}|''61%'' ''384''
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Democratic}}|''36%'' ''225''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|''3%'' ''17''
|-
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Republican}}|'''[[2012 United States presidential election in Pennsylvania|2012]]'''
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Republican}}|''56%'' ''346''
| style="text-align:center; {{Party shading/Democratic}}|''44%'' ''274''
| style="text-align:center; background:honeyDew;"|''1%'' ''9''
|}
Mayor: Barry Boucher

== History ==
[[Image:Elizabeth and west elizabeth.jpg|thumb|200px|Sketch of Elizabeth and [[West Elizabeth, Pennsylvania|West Elizabeth]], circa 1897]]
Elizabeth Town was founded in 1787 by Samuel Mackay, Colonel Stephen Bayard and his wife Elizabeth Mackay Bayard (for whom the town was named). Elizabeth was one of the first seven townships organized by Allegheny County the following year; the others being Moon, St. Clair, Mifflin, Versailles, Plum, and Pitt. The original Elizabeth Township comprised the entire triangle of land between the Monongahela and Youghiogheny Rivers. In addition to present-day Elizabeth Borough and Elizabeth Township, this also included areas which are now Forward Township, Lincoln Borough, Port Vue Borough, Liberty Borough, the City of Glassport, and the Tenth Ward of the City of McKeesport.

In 1803, the [[keelboat]] used for the first stages of the [[Lewis and Clark Expedition]] was built in Elizabeth. (This claim is disputed by the city of Pittsburgh, which makes a similar claim. See references below.)  On April 2, 1834, a charter was issued to incorporate the Town of Elizabeth as a borough.

In 1869, Forward Township and Lincoln Township were separated from Elizabeth Township.

=== Early industry ===
Among the earliest industries of Elizabeth were [[glass]] making, [[safe]] making, [[steamboat]] building, and [[ship]] building. Steamboats were built and repaired at ''O'Neil & Company'' from as early as 1895, and the ''Elizabeth Marine Ways'' operated between at least 1898 to 1925.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Mohney |first1=Jay. W. |title=Steamboat Building in Elizabeth, PA |url=http://www.elizabethmarineways.com/index.htm |website=elizabethmarineways.com |access-date=August 17, 2018}}</ref> The town had two coal [[funicular|inclines]] in 1876, the O'Neil and Company Coal Incline on pool 1, and the Lobb's Run Incline on pool 2.

===Nike missile site===
From 1956 to 1963, Elizabeth was the [[List of Nike missile locations|location]] of a Nike anti-aircraft missile site ({{coord|40|15|17|N|79|57|59|W}}).

=== Churches ===
*Allen Chapel A.M.E. Church
*Bethesda United Presbyterian Church Of Elizabeth
*Elizabeth Baptist Church
*Elizabeth United Methodist Church
*Elizabeth Wesleyan Church
*First Presbyterian Church Of Elizabeth – founded 1851

==Old Graveyard==
The Oldest Cemetery, known as "The Old Graveyard", is located on Bayard Street in Elizabeth. The cemetery contains the remains of Elizabeth Mackay Bayard, for whom the town is named. The cemetery has its first burial dating to 1774.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|last=Wiley|first=Richard T.|title=Elizabeth and Her Neighbors|year=1936|publisher=The Ziegler Company|location=Butler, Pennsylvania|url=http://collection1.libraries.psu.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/digitalbks2/id/11761/rec/1}}

==External links==
* {{Official website}}
* [http://www.nps.gov/jeff/LewisClark2/Timelines/1803/1803Timeline.htm Lewis and Clark timeline] from the [[United States National Park Service]]

{{Allegheny County, Pennsylvania}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Populated places established in 1787]]
[[Category:Pittsburgh metropolitan area]]
[[Category:Boroughs in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania populated places on the Monongahela River]]
[[Category:1787 establishments in Pennsylvania]]