Editing Ein Yaakov

{{Short description|Book by Yaʿaḳov Ben-Shelomoh Ibn-Ḥaviv}}
{{for|the moshav|Ein Ya'akov}}

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{{Rabbinical Literature}}
'''''Ein Yaakov''''' ({{Langx|he|עין יעקב}}, "[[Jacob]]'s Well") is a 16th-century compilation of all the [[Aggadah|Aggadic]] material in the [[Talmud]] together with commentaries.<ref name ="jewishencyclopedia">[http://www.jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/6984-habib-jacob-ben-solomon-ibn ḤABIB, JACOB (BEN SOLOMON) IBN], jewishencyclopedia.com</ref><ref name="Chabad link">[https://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/4737627/jewish/What-Is-Ein-Yaakov.htm What Is Ein Yaakov?], chabad.org</ref><ref name="Yaakov Rich"/> Its introduction contains an account of the history of Talmudic censorship and the term [[Gemara]]. It was compiled by [[Jacob ibn Habib]] and (after his death) by his son [[Levi ibn Habib]].

Although ibn Habib intended his work for a wide audience, including the rabbinic elite,<ref name=":0" /> ''Ein Yaakov'' was "especially treasured by laborers and others" who lacked the schooling [[Yeshiva#Talmud study|to learn the more difficult parts of the Talmud]]. Some synagogues hold daily ''Ein Yaakov'' classes.<ref name="Chabad link"/><ref name="Yaakov Rich">[https://dojlife.com/study-the-legendary-ein-yaakov/ Study the Legendary Ein Yaakov] (dojlife.com), Rabbi Yaakov Rich</ref>

== Commentaries ==
Dozens of commentaries on the ''Ein Yaakov'' have been composed, and some editions contain 20 or more. These are some of the most notable commentaries:
* ''HaKotev'' (before 1516): Ibn Habib's own commentary. In the ''edition princeps'' his comments are marked by א"ה, "so says the author," and later editions call it ''HaKotev'', "the author".
* ''Hiddushei Aggadot'' (before 1631): A work by [[Samuel Eidels]] which is often treated as a commentary to the Talmud, but Eidels writes in the introduction that his aim is "to compose a commentary to all the tales in the ''Ein Yaakov''".
* ''Beit Yehuda'' (1634-6<ref>On title page, "[<nowiki/>[[Anno Mundi|AM]] 5]395," introduction signed "[[Adar]] [5]394," at the back "[[Tishrei]] [5]396". In his autobiography da Modena recalls that the printing of the work lasted from Adar 5394 to [[Cheshvan]] 5395 (March 1634-November 1635) because his printer was shut down for six months and then his grandson, who had been setting the type, was arrested by the Venetian authorities and imprisoned for 66 days. Venetian law then forbade Jews from printing books. In the printed errata at the back of the book (f. 48b) we read "If there are many errors in the first two sections of this book, the reader should not wonder, but rather fill in the gaps from context. For aside from the many difficulties which occurred in the printing, most-all of the type was set by a young and ignorant boy. I, Isaac of the Levites, son of Jacob [[Z"L]], son of the daughter of the author of this work, am 14 years old today." See Benjamin Ravid, “The Prohibition Against Jewish Printing and Publishing in Venice and the Difficulties of Leone Modena,” in Isadore Twersky, ed., ''Studies in Medieval Jewish History and Literature'' (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Center for Jewish Studies, 1979), 135-153.</ref>): [[Leon of Modena|Leon da Modena]]'s commentary, which appeared in all editions between 1684 and 1916.<ref name="jewishencyclopedia" />  Later editions call it ''HaBoneh''. This is one of his most mature works, according to [[Ellis Rivkin]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rivkin |first=Ellis |date=1948 |title=Leon da Modena and the "Kol Sakhal": III. Leon da Modena (Continued) |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1453155 |journal=The Jewish Quarterly Review |volume=38 |issue=4 |pages=369–408 |doi=10.2307/1453155 |issn=0021-6682}}</ref> Da Modena also compiled an index to the ''Ein Yaakov'', titled ''Beit Lehem Yehuda''.
* ''Meor Einayim'' (1643): [[Josiah ben Joseph Pinto|Josiah Pinto]]'s commentary.
* (Before 1667): Commentary of {{Interlanguage link|Nathan Shapira of Jerusalem|he|נתן שפירא הירושלמי}}, preserved MS Columbia X 893 L 973 and BL Add. MS 27020.
* ''Asaf HaMazkir'' (before 1672): A bibliographic work by Zechariah ben Ephraim Porto of Urbino. Included in back of Amsterdam, 1724.
* ''Kotnot Or'' (1683): Commentary of {{Interlanguage|Isaac Meir Teomim-Frankel|he|יצחק מאיר תאומים-פרנקל}}.
* ''Iyyun Yaakov'' (1729): [[Jacob Reischer]]'s.
* ''Yashresh Yaakov'' (1729): [[Hayyim ben Jacob Abulafia|Hayyim Abulafia]]'s.
* ''Shevut Yaakov'' (1734): An expanded commentary by [[Hayyim ben Jacob Abulafia|Hayyim Abulafia]].
* (before 1746): [[Moshe Chaim Luzzatto]] supposedly composed a commentary, now lost.<ref name=":0">Lehman, M. S. (1993). ''A talmudic anthology of aggada: Examining the "ein yaakov".''</ref>
* ''Petah Einayim'' (1790): [[Chaim Yosef David Azulai]]'s.
* ''Ein Avraham'' (1848): [[Abraham ben Aryeh Loeb Schick]]'s.
* ''Yad Yosef, Etz Yosef, Anaf Yosef'' (before 1867): [[Enoch Zundel ben Joseph]]'s three commentaries.
* ''Or haChayyim'' (1883): Commentary by Mordecai Jaffe of [[Plungė]] (1814-1883) to the [[Jerusalem|Yerushalmi]] sections, compiled largely from the ''[[Korban Ha-Edah]]'' and the ''[[Pnei Moshe]]''. First printed in Vilna, 1883.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Ḥabib |first=Jacob ben Solomon Ibn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BM4_AAAAYAAJ |title=עין יעקב: עם כל המפרשים הנקובים בשער השני |date=1883 |publisher=ha-Almanah ṿeha-aḥim Rom |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Sokolow |first=Nahum |author-link=Nahum Sokolow |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BGApAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA135 |title=האסיף: לתקופת השנה |date=1884 |publisher=בדפוס יצחק גאלדמאן |pages=135 |language=he |chapter=יקרא דשכבי}}</ref>
* ''[[Ein Ayah|Ein Ayyah]]'' (1883-1935): A lengthy commentary by [[Abraham Isaac Kook]], published in 4 volumes.

== Translations ==

=== Yiddish ===

* ''[[Mayse-Bukh]]'' (1602): The ''Ein Yaakov'' served as a source for this Yiddish collection.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gaster |first=Moses |url=https://archive.org/details/maasehbook0000mose |title=Ma'aseh Book |date= |publisher=JPS |others= |year=1934 |pages=667,671,677,etc.}}</ref> 
* ''Drashot uFerushim al Ein Yaakov'' (18th century): Jonah Wehle of Prague, a [[Frankism|Frankist]], composed a Yiddish commentary which is still in manuscript.<ref>{{Cite web |title=פרוש עין יעקב |url=https://www.nli.org.il/en/discover/manuscripts/hebrew-manuscripts/itempage?vid=KTIV&scope=KTIV&docId=PNX_MANUSCRIPTS990000672430205171 |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=www.nli.org.il |language=en}}</ref>
* ''HaMeturgeman'' (1883): Much of the more obscure vocabulary was translated into Yiddish by Mordecai Jaffe of [[Plungė]] (1814-1883), printed as a running commentary to Vilna, 1883.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
* ''Ein Yaakov . . . Perush Ivri Deutsch:'' A [[Yiddish]] translation by [[Yosef Meir Yaavetz]] first printed in Warsaw, 1886.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ḥabib |first=Jacob ben Solomon Ibn |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5a40AQAAMAAJ |title=ʻEn Yaʻakov, kolel kol ha-agadot mi-Talmud Bavli vi-Yerushalmi: Ve-nosaf ʻal zeh perush ʻIvri taitsh |date=1886 |language=yi}}</ref>

=== German ===

* ''Der babylonische Talmud in seinen haggadischen Bestandtheilen'' (1886-1888): An abridged translation by [[August Wünsche]] in two volumes.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IY7mz7qs9McC |title=Der babylonische Talmud in seinen haggadischen Bestandtheilen |date=1886 |publisher=Otto Schulze |language=de}}</ref>

=== English ===
* ''En Jacob: Agada of the Babylonian Talmud'' (1916-1921): A slightly abridged bilingual edition in 5 volumes ([[iarchive:agadatenyaakov01ibnh|I]],[[iarchive:agadatenyaakov02ibnh|II]],[[iarchive:agadatenyaakov03ibnh|III]],[[iarchive:agadatenyaakov04ibnh|IV]],[[iarchive:agadatenyaakov05ibnh|V]]) edited and translated by Samuel Hirsch Glick ({{Circa|1884}}-8 September, 1929).<ref>{{Cite web |last= |date=April 15, 2015 |title=מורשת חכמי אמעריקא: הרב שמואל צבי גליק ברוקלין-שיקאגו - מתרגם העין יעקב לאנגלית |url=https://moreshesamerica.blogspot.com/2015/04/blog-post.html |access-date=2024-08-29 |website=מורשת חכמי אמעריקא |language=he}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=1929-10-16 |title=Rabbi Samuel H. Glick |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-boston-globe/100698543/ |access-date=2024-08-29 |work=The Boston Globe |pages=6}}</ref> It does not include any of the classic commentaries, relying instead on Glick's translation and footnotes.
* ''Ein Yaakov: The Ethical and Inspirational Teachings of the Talmud'' (1999): A one-volume English translation by [[Avraham Yaakov Finkel]].
* ''The Schottenstein Edition Ein Yaakov'' (2019-): A bilingual edition published by [[ArtScroll]], of which 16 volumes have so far been released. A [[Tisha B'Av]] miscellany was also released in 2022.

=== French ===

* ''Aggadoth du Talmud de Babylone'' (1982): Translation by [[Arlette Elkaïm-Sartre]], introduced by [[Marc-Alain Ouaknin]]. Based largely on Glick's English, with some content restored from the original.

=== Russian ===

* ''Rohr Family Edition Ein Yaakov'': A six-volume [[Russian language|Russian]] translation by Boruch Gorin was completed in 2016 and published by [[Federation of Jewish Communities of the CIS|LeChaim]].<ref>[https://collive.com/translation-of-ein-yaakov-complete/ Translation of Ein Yaakov complete], collive.com</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.sefaria.org/Ein_Yaakov?lang=bi Ein Yaakov (full text)], [[Sefaria]]
* [https://www.breslovtorah.com/series/rabbi-rosenfeld-ein-yaakov/ Audio lectures], Rabbi [[Zvi Aryeh Rosenfeld]]
* [[s:he:עין איה|''Ein Ayyah'' (full text)]], Hebrew Wikisource
{{Wikisource author|wislick=Ein Yaakov (Glick)|title=Ein Yaakov}}
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[[Category:Talmud]]
[[Category:Aggadic Midrashim]]
[[Category:Hebrew-language religious books]]