Editing Edna, Texas

{{Short description|City in Jackson County, Texas, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = 
| name               = Edna, Texas
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| nickname           = 
| motto              = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline      = Edna, TX, City Hall IMG_1022.JPG
| imagesize          = 
| image_caption      = Edna City Hall
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = <!-- Maps -->
| pushpin_map        = Texas#USA
| pushpin_label      = Edna
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| pushpin_mapsize    = <!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = {{nowrap|{{Flagu|United States|name=United States|size=23px}}}}
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = {{Flag|Texas|size=23px}}
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = {{Flagicon image|Flag of Jackson County, Texas.png|size=23px}} [[Jackson County, Texas|Jackson]]

<!-- Government -->| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = <!-- Area -->
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 10.71
| area_land_km2      = 10.71
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi   = 4.13
| area_land_sq_mi    = 4.13
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 5987
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = auto
| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 20
| elevation_ft       = 66
| coordinates        = {{coord|28|58|43|N|96|38|46|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 77957
| area_code          = [[Area code 361|361]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 48-22720<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 1356828<ref name=GNIS1>{{gnis|1356828|Edna}}</ref>
| website            = {{URL|www.cityofedna.com}}
| footnotes          = 
}}

[[File:Edna Theatre -- Edna, TX.jpg|200px|thumb|Edna Theater]]

'''Edna''' is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Jackson County, Texas|Jackson County]], [[Texas]], United States. The population was 5,499 at the 2010 census<ref name="Census 2010">{{Cite web| url=https://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4822720| archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213084938/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4822720| url-status=dead| archive-date=February 13, 2020| title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Edna city, Texas| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| work=American Factfinder| access-date=November 30, 2018}}</ref> and 5,987 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web |url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712220218/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=2012-07-12 }}</ref>

Edna is the gateway to {{convert|11000|acre|km2|adj=on}} [[Lake Texana]], which covers the site of [[Texana, Texas]]. Edna has a hospital, convalescent home, library, museum, city park with swimming pool, three banks, two savings and loan associations, a country club with a nine-hole golf course, and Oak Creek Village, a retirement community. It is the center of a prosperous agricultural area with petroleum and natural gas production and has an active chamber of commerce, oilfield service industries, and two [[grain elevator]]s.

==History==

Edna, the county seat of Jackson County, was established in 1882 when the [[New York, Texas and Mexican Railway]] line was built from Rosenberg to Victoria and bypassed [[Texana, Texas|Texana]], then the county seat. Construction of the railroad began in September 1881. Edna was laid out on land owned by Mrs. Lucy Flournoy, who conveyed right-of-way and a half interest in the townsite to the railroad, which was promoted and built by Italian Count Joseph Telfener. The town was named for a daughter of the count. The NYT&M, nicknamed the "Macaroni", was constructed by Italian laborers, most of whom were brought from [[Lombardy]] by Telfener. After completion of the road, the majority of the crew remained in the area and established homes. The first train arrived on July 4, 1882; the first merchant was Gideon Egg, who moved his general merchandise store from Texana in 1882, and the first child born in the new community was Edna Louise Traylor.

In an election of January 22, 1883, residents voted to make Edna the county seat in place of Texana. The contract for a new courthouse was awarded on February 11, 1884. A post office opened in 1886. The first church congregations in Edna were the [[Methodism|Methodist]] and [[Presbyterianism|Presbyterian]], whose memberships moved from Texana almost intact. The latter brought their 1859 sanctuary with them {{convert|8|mi|0}} overland. The building was also used by other denominations for worship services and is now the oldest public building remaining in the county. The Texana Presbyterian Church has been restored and serves in Edna as an area cultural center. It is listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] and is a [[Recorded Texas Historic Landmark]].

The first newspaper in Edna was the ''Jackson County Progress''. The newspaper plant, along with a large part of the business district, was destroyed in 1906 in the town's second disastrous fire. Succeeding the ''Progress'' was the ''Edna Herald'', first published on November 22, 1906.

The 1954 Supreme Court case ''[[Hernandez v. Texas]]'' concerned the racial context of the jury selection for a trial that took place in Edna. The landmark decision of the case determined that [[Mexican Americans]] and all other racial groups in the United States had equal protection under the [[Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|14th Amendment]] of the [[United States Constitution|U.S. Constitution]].

==Geography==

Edna is located west of the center of Jackson County, in the [[Gulf Coast of the United States|Gulf Coast]] region of Texas. The region is dominated by large [[live oak]] trees, heavily wooded areas, and lush farmland.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|10.7|km2|order=flip}}, all  land.<ref name="Census 2010"/> The city is in the watershed of the [[Lavaca River]], which flows southeast to the [[Gulf of Mexico]] at [[Lavaca Bay]]. [[Lake Texana]], an impoundment on the [[Navidad River]], a tributary of the Lavaca, is {{convert|6|mi|0}} east of Edna.

[[U.S. Route 59 in Texas|U.S. Highway 59]] (Future [[Interstate 69 in Texas|I-69]]) passes through the northwestern side of the city, leading northeast {{convert|100|mi}} to [[Houston]] and southwest {{convert|25|mi}} to [[Victoria, Texas|Victoria]]. [[Corpus Christi, Texas|Corpus Christi]] is {{convert|119|mi}} southwest of Edna via Future I-69 and [[Interstate 37]].

===Climate===

The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters.  According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Edna has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>[http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=967214&cityname=Edna%2C+Texas%2C+United+States+of+America&units= Climate Summary for Edna, Texas]</ref>

==Demographics==

<!-- Unsourced image removed: [[Image:Church155.jpg|frame|left|Texana Church|{{deletable image-caption|1=Friday, 22 February 2008}}]] -->

{{US Census population
|align=right
|1890= 537
|1930= 1752
|1940= 2724
|1950= 3855
|1960= 5038
|1970= 5332
|1980= 5634
|1990= 5343
|2000= 5899
|2010= 5499
|2020= 5987
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Edna racial composition as of 2020'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4822720&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-25 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br> (NH = Non-Hispanic){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|2,525
|42.17%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|801
|13.38%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|14
|0.23%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|105
|1.75%
|-
|[[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander]] (NH)
|2
|0.03%
|-
|Some Other Race (NH)
|63
|1.05%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/Multi-Racial]] (NH)
|148
|2.47%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|2,329
|38.9%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''5,987'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 5,987 people, 1,968 households, and 1,372 families residing in the city.

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 5,899 people, 2,227 households, 1,523 families, residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,512.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 2,609 housing units at an average density of {{convert|668.7|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 64.82% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 13.65% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.49% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.76% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 17.48% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 2.80% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 31.17% of the population.

There were 2,227 households, out of which 35.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.9% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 15.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.6% were non-families. 28.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.60 and the average family size was 3.20.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 29.2% under the age of 18, 8.5% from 18 to 24, 26.0% from 25 to 44, 20.9% from 45 to 64, and 15.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.1 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $29,000, and the median income for a family was $35,659. Males had a median income of $32,000 versus $19,079 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $15,193. About 18.5% of families and 20.8% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 27.7% of those under age 18 and 17.0% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==

The city is served by the [[Edna Independent School District]], with one elementary school, a middle school, and a [[Edna High School|high school]].  The mascot is the Cowboy.

==Notable people==

* [[Stone Cold Steve Austin|"Stone Cold" Steve Austin]], professional [[wrestler]] and [[film]] star
* [[Candy Barr]] (Juanita Slusher, 1935–2005) burlesque dancer, stripper, and model
* [[Iben Browning]], failed climatologist (1918–1991)
* [[Shifty Henry]], session musician and songwriter (1921–1958)
* [[Curtis Cavielle Taylor]] (1896–1967) criminal attorney and civil rights lawyer; born in Edna<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Smith Jr. |first=J. Clay |date=April 24, 1987 |title=Alumnus Inspired Million Dollar Gift |url=https://dh.howard.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=jcs_speeches |website=Howard University}}</ref>

==Trivia==

* Edna is known as "The Flag City of Texas", according to the city's website.
* The mascot back in the 1920s was the eagle.{{Citation needed|date=November 2018}}
* The First National Bank of Edna, later Allied Bank, was the first financial institution acquired by Houston-based [[Prosperity Bancshares]].<ref>Prosperity Bancshares 2010 Form 10-K.</ref>

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{notelist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.cityofedna.com/ City of Edna official website]

{{Jackson County, Texas}}
{{Texas}}
{{Texas county seats}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Jackson County, Texas]]
[[Category:County seats in Texas]]