Editing Edmundston

{{About|the city in New Brunswick|the town in Maryland|Edmonston, Maryland|the capital of Alberta|Edmonton}}
{{Refimprove|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Edmundston
| official_name = 
| native_name = 
| settlement_type = [[List of cities in New Brunswick|City]]
| image_skyline = Skyline of Edmunston, New Brunswick.jpg
| image_caption = 
| image_flag = Flag of Edmundston.svg
| image_seal = 
| image_shield = 
| image_map = 
| map_caption = 
| pushpin_map = New Brunswick
| pushpin_label_position = none
| pushpin_map_caption = Location within New Brunswick
| coordinates = {{coord|region:CA-NB|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name = Canada
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[New Brunswick]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Madawaska County, New Brunswick|Madawaska]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[List of parishes in New Brunswick|Parish]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Madawaska Parish, New Brunswick|Madawaska]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date = 1850
| established_title2 = City
| established_date2 = April 1, 1952
| seat_type = Electoral&nbsp;Districts&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <br>[[List of Canadian federal electoral districts|Federal]]
| seat = <br>[[Madawaska—Restigouche]]
| parts_type = [[List of New Brunswick provincial electoral districts|Provincial]]
| parts = [[Edmundston-Madawaska Centre]]<br>[[Madawaska Les Lacs-Edmundston]]
| government_type = City Council
| government_footnotes = <ref name="GNB">{{Cite web |url=https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/departments/elg/local_government/content/community_profiles/renderer.data.cities.4.html |title=Government of New Brunswick website: Edmundston - Community Profile |access-date=2021-05-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210521194100/https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/departments/elg/local_government/content/community_profiles/renderer.data.cities.4.html |archive-date=2021-05-21 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Eric Marquis 
| leader_title1 = Deputy Mayor<ref name="DeputyMayor">{{Cite web |url=https://edmundston.ca/en/l-hotel-de-ville/conseil-municipal |title=Edmundston City website: City council |access-date=2021-05-21 |url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130225101912/http://edmundston.ca:80/en/l-hotel-de-ville/conseil-municipal |archive-date=2013-02-25 }}</ref>
| leader_name1 = 
| leader_title2 = Councillors
| leader_name2 = 
{{Collapsible list
| framestyle = border:none; padding:0;
| title = List of Members
| 1 = Sylvie St-Onge Morneau |2= Aldéo Nadeau |3=Denise Landry-Nadeau |4=Eric Desjardins|5=Diane Bélanger Nadeau |6=Eric Morneault |7=Karen Power  |8=Eric McGuire
}}
| area_footnotes = <ref name=census2021 />
| area_total_km2 = 
| area_land_km2 = 106.84
| area_water_km2 = 
| area_urban_km2 = 17.88
| area_metro_km2 = 1,582.36
| elevation_m = 
| elevation_max_m = 264
| elevation_min_m = 151
|population_footnotes     = <ref name=census2021>{{cite web |title=Census Profile of Edmundston |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Edmundston&DGUIDlist=2021A00051313027&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0 |website=Statistics Canada |access-date=16 August 2023 |date=1 February 2023}}</ref><ref name=metrocensus2021>{{cite web |title=Census Profile of Edmundston Census Agglomeration |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Edmundston&DGUIDlist=2021S0504335&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0 |website=Statistics Canada |access-date=15 January 2023 |date=6 December 2022}}</ref>
| population_note = 
| population_total = 16,437 <!-- 2021 StatCan population only per [[WP:CANPOP]];  do not replace with latest municipal census population count; this municipal census population count can go in the population_blank1_title and population_blank1 parameters further below and can be noted in the article body (so long as it doesn't replace the 2016 StatCan population in the body). -->
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_density_km2 = 153.8
| population_blank1_title = Change&nbsp;2016–21
| population_blank1 = {{decrease}}0.9%
| population_urban = 
| population_density_urban_km2 = 
| population_metro = 21,154
| population_density_metro_km2 = 14.0
| population_blank2_title = 
| population_blank2 = 
| timezone = [[Atlantic Standard Time Zone|AST]]
| utc_offset = -4
| timezone_DST = [[Atlantic Standard Time Zone|ADT]]
| utc_offset_DST = -3
| postal_code_type = [[Canadian postal code|Postal code(s)]]
| postal_code = [[List of E postal codes of Canada|E3V, E7B]]
| area_code = {{Collapsible list
| framestyle = border:none; padding:0;
| title = [[Area code 506|506]]
| 1 = Area exchanges: |2=253, 733, 735, 736, 737, 739, 740
}}
| blank_name = Dwellings
| blank_info = 8,051
| blank1_name = Median&nbsp;Income*
| blank1_info = $51,435 [[Canadian dollar|CDN]]
| blank2_name = [[National Topographic System|NTS]] Map
| blank2_info = {{Canada NTS Map Sheet|21|N|8}}
| blank3_name = [[Geographical Names Board of Canada|GNBC]] Code
| blank3_info = DALZZ<ref>{{Cite cgndb |id = DALZZ |name = Edmundston}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|https://edmundston.ca}}
}}

'''Edmundston''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɛ|d|m|ə|n|d|s|t|ə|n}}) is a city in [[Madawaska County, New Brunswick]], Canada.<ref>[http://archives.gnb.ca/Exhibits/Communities/Details.aspx?culture=en-CA&community=1184/ New Brunswick Provincial Archives - Edmundston]</ref> Established in 1850, it had a population of 16,437 as of 2021.

On January 1, 2023, Edmundston amalgamated with the village of [[Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick|Rivière-Verte]] and parts of two [[Local service district (New Brunswick)|local service district]]s;<ref>{{cite web |title=Local Governments Establishment Regulation – Local Governance Act |url=https://laws.gnb.ca/en/showfulldoc/cr/2022-50 |website=Government of New Brunswick |access-date=11 January 2023 |date=12 October 2022}}</ref><ref name="GovRefMapRSC1">{{cite web |title=RSC 1 Northwest Regional Service Commission |url=https://www2.gnb.ca/content/gnb/en/corporate/promo/local-governance/maps/RSC1.html |website=Government of New Brunswick |access-date=17 January 2023}}</ref> revised census figures have not been released.

==History==
{{See also|History of New Brunswick|List of historic places in Madawaska County, New Brunswick}}
[[Image:Edmund Walker Head.jpg|thumb|left|upright|alt=Sir Edmund Walker Head.|[[Edmund Walker Head|Sir Edmund Walker Head]], on behalf of whom the city of Edmundston was named]]
During the early colonial period, the area was a camping and meeting place of the [[Maliseet people|Maliseet]] (Wolastoqiyik) Nation during seasonal migrations. From the mid to late eighteenth century, one of the largest Maliseet villages had been established at Madawaska and had become a refuge site for other Wabanaki peoples. The Maliseet village was originally located near the falls at the confluence of the Madawaska and Saint John Rivers. Currently, the City of Edmundston surrounds a federal Indian Reserve (St. Basile 10/Madawaska Maliseet First Nation). Originally named ''Petit-Sault'' (Little Falls) in reference to the waterfalls located where the [[Madawaska River (Saint John River)|Madawaska River]] merges into the [[Saint John River (Bay of Fundy)|Saint John River]], the settlement was renamed ''Edmundston'' in 1851 after Sir [[Edmund Walker Head]], who was Lieutenant-Governor of New Brunswick from 1848 to 1854 and Governor-General of Canada from 1854 to 1861.<ref>Denis Michaud, "La ville de Sir Edmund: l'histoire d'un nom et d'un personnage politique", ''Onomastica Canadiana'', vol 85, no 1, June 2003.</ref> Originally a small [[logging]] settlement, Edmundston's growth is mostly attributed to the city's strategic location.

===Aroostook War and the "Republic of Madawaska"===
[[File:Edmunston_1872.png|thumb|left|alt=Edmundston in 1872.|Edmundston in 1872]]
The area was at the centre of the [[Aroostook War]] of 1839,{{r|joneshoward1975}} a skirmish over boundary lines between the [[United States|U.S.A.]] and what was then [[British North America]]. Originally confined to a disagreement between the State of [[Maine]] and the Colony of [[New Brunswick]], the dispute eventually spread to involve the Government of the United States in [[Washington, D.C.]] and the British Colonial Administration in [[Quebec City]], seat of the Governor General of Canada, who had supreme authority over all of British North America, including New Brunswick. In the wake of this international conflict, a small [[fortification]] (Fortin du Petit-Sault) was built in anticipation of a possible attack by Americans,<ref name="joneshoward1975">Jones. Howard "Anglophobia and the Aroostook War," New England Quarterly, Vol. 48, No. 4 (Dec., 1975)</ref> to complement the much larger fortification located at Fort Ingall (now [[Cabano]]) in nearby Canada (now [[Quebec]]). One of the central figures at the origin of the conflict was American-born industrialist "Colonel" John Baker, who had established sawmills and other lumber-related industries on the eastern shores of the Saint John river, an area claimed by the British that Baker wanted to be declared part of Maine as he was a fiercely nationalist American.

When the terms of the treaty that was signed following the conflict left Baker's properties firmly planted on British soil, and with the lack of support from the US Government to oppose the decision, Baker was facing the dilemma of either moving his facilities across the river on the American side, or to accept British sovereignty. Unwilling to do either, he declared the area an independent state called the "Republic of Madawaska," declaring himself head of state with the overwhelming support of the local, mostly French-speaking but independent-minded population. The "Republic" was never recognized and never had legal existence, but nevertheless the concept has remained so popular with the francophone [[Brayon]] residents on both the Canadian and American sides of the border that they refer to the region as the [[Republic of Madawaska]] to this day, and each mayor of Edmundston still receives the title of "President of the Republic of Madawaska." Baker's wife, Sophie Rice, designed the Republic's "eagle" flag that is still in use and a common sight in the area.

===Amalgamation===
In 1998, Edmundston, [[Saint-Basile, New Brunswick|Saint-Basile]], [[Saint-Jacques, New Brunswick|Saint-Jacques]] and [[Verret, New Brunswick|Verret]] merged to form the City of Edmundston.{{cn|date=January 2023}} In 2023 Edmundston expanded again to include [[Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick|Rivière-Verte]] and parts of adjacent local service districts.<ref name="GovRefMapRSC1" />

==Geography==
{{see also|Geography of New Brunswick}}
Edmundston is located at the edge of the New Brunswick "[[Salient (geography)|panhandle]]," in the northeastern section of the [[Appalachian Mountains]] at the junction of the [[Saint John River (New Brunswick)|Saint John]] and [[Madawaska River (Saint John)|Madawaska River]]s in the northwestern part of the province.

Edmundston is strategically situated only a few kilometres from the border with [[Quebec]] and on the border with the [[United States]], opposite the town of [[Madawaska, Maine|Madawaska]], [[Maine]], to which it is connected by the [[Edmundston–Madawaska Bridge]].

{{Panorama
|image = File:Panoramic view of Edmundston, New Brunswick, Canada - 2016.jpg
|height = 300
|alt = 
|caption = A panoramic outlook of Edmundston, showcasing its landscape and city features.
}}

==Demographics==
In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Edmundston had a population of {{val|16437|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|7707|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|8117|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:16437-16580}}|16580|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|16580|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|106.84|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|16437|106.84|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000213 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), New Brunswick | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=February 21, 2022}}</ref>

{{Historical populations
|title = Historical populations
|type = Canada
|align = right
|width = 15%
|state = 
|shading = 
|percentages = 
|footnote = In 1998, [[Saint-Basile, New Brunswick|Saint-Basile]], [[Saint-Jacques, New Brunswick|Saint-Jacques]], and [[Verret, New Brunswick|Verret]]
were annexed by the City of Edmundston.
|1871|400
|[[Canada 1911 Census|1911]]|1821
|1921|4035
|1931|6430
|1941|7028
|1951|10753
|1961|12791
|1971|12365
|1981|12044
|1986|11497
|1991|10835
|[[Canada 1996 Census|1996]]|11033
|[[Canada 2001 Census|2001]]|17373
|[[Canada 2006 Census|2006]]|16643
|[[Canada 2011 Census|2011]]|16032
|[[Canada 2016 Census|2016]]|16580
}}

The median household income in 2005 for Edmundston was $42,551, which is below the New Brunswick provincial average of $45,194.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://census2006.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1313027&Geo2=PR&Code2=48&Data=Count&SearchText=Edmundston&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=`|title=Edmundston, New Brunswick&nbsp;— Detailed City Profile|access-date=2009-09-09}}</ref>

=== Language ===
The city is 95 per cent francophone, the highest such proportion of all cities in the province. Edmundston is the third-largest predominantly francophone city in North America outside of Quebec and the Caribbean, behind [[Clarence-Rockland]], [[Ontario]], which has a population exceeding 20,000 and is 68 per cent francophone, and [[Dieppe, New Brunswick|Dieppe]], which has a population of 25,384 (2016 Census) and is roughly 80 percent francophone. Outside of Quebec, the cities of [[Ottawa]] (122,665), [[Greater Sudbury|Sudbury]] (45,420), [[Toronto]] (34,900), [[Winnipeg]] (26,855), [[Moncton]] (20,425), [[Timmins]] (17,390) and [[Edmonton]] (15,715) have greater total numbers of francophones, but they are a minority group in those cities. 62.6% are fluent in English.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-15 |title=Edmundston Population Data & Demographics (Employment, Income, Religion) - CAPopulation |url=https://capopulation.com/area/new-brunswick/edmundston/ |access-date=2024-09-18 |language=en-CA}}</ref>

'''Mother tongue language (2006)'''<ref name="SC2006">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1313027&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=edmundston&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=Custom&Custom=1000,7000,8000 2006 Statistics Canada Community Profile: Edmundston, New Brunswick]</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Language
! Population
! Pct (%)
|-
| French only
|  15,215
| 93.46%
|-
| English only
|  750
| 4.61%
|-
| Other languages
|   215
| 1.32%
|-
| Both English and French
|   100
| 0.61%
|}

=== Ethnicity ===
Unlike most other francophones living in the Maritimes, most people living in the Edmundston area do not consider themselves [[Acadians]] other than for statistical purposes. Most of them descend from French-Canadians who originally came from [[Lower Canada]] (now [[Quebec]]) along with a few Irish immigrants to settle the area in the century between 1820 and 1920, and absorbed the small group of Acadians who had arrived earlier. Nor do they consider themselves Québécois despite their heritage, mainly due to the politicization of Quebec-specific issues they do not feel concerned with. Residents speak with a distinctive local accent, colloquially called "''l'accent brayon''".

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] groups in the City of Edmundston (2001−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] group
! colspan="2" |2021<ref name="2021censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title= Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Edmundston&DGUIDlist=2021A00051313027&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref name="2016censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2021-10-27 |title= Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1313027&Geo2=CD&Code2=1313&SearchText=Edmundston&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2015-11-27 |title= NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1313027&Data=Count&SearchText=Edmundston&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-08-20 |title= 2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1313027&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Edmundston&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-07-02 |title= 2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=1313027&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=Edmundston&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2023-05-22 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[European Canadians|European]]{{efn|Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.|name=euro}}
| 14,280
| {{Percentage | 14280 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 14,875
| {{Percentage | 14875 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 14,995
| {{Percentage | 14995 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 15,910
| {{Percentage | 15910 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 16,465
| {{Percentage | 16465 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 380
| {{Percentage | 380 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 430
| {{Percentage | 430 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 200
| {{Percentage | 200 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 220
| {{Percentage | 220 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 230
| {{Percentage | 230 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| [[African-Canadian|African]]
| 320
| {{Percentage | 320 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 160
| {{Percentage | 160 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 30
| {{Percentage | 30 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 45
| {{Percentage | 45 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 45
| {{Percentage | 45 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.|name=MiddleEastern}}
| 135
| {{Percentage | 135 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 105
| {{Percentage | 105 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Southeast Asia|Southeast Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.|name=SoutheastAsian}}
| 50
| {{Percentage | 50 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 50
| {{Percentage | 50 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 20
| {{Percentage | 20 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
| 35
| {{Percentage | 35 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 45
| {{Percentage | 45 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 80
| {{Percentage | 80 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
| 20
| {{Percentage | 20 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 20
| {{Percentage | 20 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.|name=EastAsian}}
| 15
| {{Percentage | 15 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 60
| {{Percentage | 60 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 25
| {{Percentage | 25 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 30
| {{Percentage | 30 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
| Other/[[Multiracial people|multiracial]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.|name=Other}}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 15255 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 15700 | 2 }}
| 0
| {{Percentage | 0 | 15325 | 2 }}
| 45
| {{Percentage | 45 | 16290 | 2 }}
| 10
| {{Percentage | 10 | 16870 | 2 }}
|-
! Total responses
! 15,255
! {{Percentage | 15255 | 16437 | 2 }}
! 15,700
! {{Percentage | 15700 | 16580 | 2 }}
! 15,325
! {{Percentage | 15325 | 16032 | 2 }}
! 16,290
! {{Percentage | 16290 | 16643 | 2 }}
! 16,870
! {{Percentage | 16870 | 17373 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
! Total population
! 16,437
! {{Percentage | 16437 | 16437 | 2 }}
! 16,580
! {{Percentage | 16580 | 16580 | 2 }}
! 16,032
! {{Percentage | 16032 | 16032 | 2 }}
! 16,643
! {{Percentage | 16643 | 16643 | 2 }}
! 17,373
! {{Percentage | 17373 | 17373 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="11" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}
|}

===Religion===
{{see also|Religion in Canada}}
[[File:CathédraleEdmundston.jpg|thumb|right|The Cathedral of Immaculate Conception, in downtown Edmundston.]]
[[Christianity]] is the dominant religion of the city's inhabitants, with most residents being [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholics]]. Moreover, Edmundston gives its name to the [[Diocese|episcopal see]] of the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Edmundston|region]]. Edmundston covers four [[parish|Catholic parishes]]. [[Protestantism|Protestant]] denominations established in city include the [[Anglican Church of Canada]], the [[United Church of Canada]], the [[United Pentecostal Church International]] and a French Christian church called Église de l'Espoir d'Edmundston. A small number  of Muslims live in Edmundston and the surrounding area, practicing in their own community centre.<ref>Mubareka, Aboud. Members of the Muslim Community of Edmundston and Surrounding Region, 2010 Community Census, [http://www.islam-edmundston.org Muslim Community Center of Edmundston] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721195034/http://islam-edmundston.org/ |date=2011-07-21 }}, 2010.</ref>

'''Religious make-up (2001)'''
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Religion
! Population
! Pct (%)
|-
| Catholic
| 16,045
| 95.11%
|-
| Protestant
| 290
| 1.72%
|-
| Muslim
| 145
| 0.86%
|-
| Christian n.i.e.
| 35
| 0.21%
|-
| No religious affiliation
| 360
| 2.13%
|}

==Climate==

Edmundston experiences a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''[[Humid continental climate#Dfb/Dwb: Warm summer subtype|Dfb]]''). The highest temperature ever recorded in Edmundston was {{convert|37.2|C|0}} on 3 June 1919.<ref name= "June 1919">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1913-12-01%7C1957-04-30&mlyRange=1913-01-01%7C1956-12-01&StationID=6154&Prov=NB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=specDate&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&selRowPerPage=25&Line=0&searchMethod=contains&Month=6&Day=24&txtStationName=edmundston&timeframe=2&Year=1919
| title = Daily Data Report for June 1919
| work = Canadian Climate Data
| access-date = October 24, 2016}}</ref> The coldest temperature ever recorded was {{convert|-43.6|C|1}} on 16 January 2009.<ref name= "January 2009">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=2004-12-10%7C2016-10-23&dlyRange=2004-12-01%7C2016-10-23&mlyRange=2004-12-01%7C2007-07-01&StationID=43323&Prov=NB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&selRowPerPage=25&Line=2&searchMethod=contains&Month=1&Day=24&txtStationName=edmundston&timeframe=2&Year=2009
| title = Daily Data Report for January 2009
| work = Canadian Climate Data
| access-date = October 24, 2016}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Edmundston, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1913–present
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|Jan record high C = 13.0
|Feb record high C = 15.0
|Mar record high C = 25.0
|Apr record high C = 28.0
|May record high C = 34.5
|Jun record high C = 37.2
|Jul record high C = 36.1
|Aug record high C = 35.6
|Sep record high C = 33.6
|Oct record high C = 30.6
|Nov record high C = 23.3
|Dec record high C = 15.6
|year record high C = 37.2
|Jan high C = -6.9
|Feb high C = -4.8
|Mar high C = 1.2
|Apr high C = 8.5
|May high C = 17.2
|Jun high C = 22.1
|Jul high C = 25.0
|Aug high C = 24.1
|Sep high C = 19.2
|Oct high C = 11.5
|Nov high C = 4.0
|Dec high C = -2.8
|year high C = 9.9
|Jan mean C = -13.0
|Feb mean C = -11.8
|Mar mean C = -5.5
|Apr mean C = 2.4
|May mean C = 10.1
|Jun mean C = 15.0
|Jul mean C = 18.1
|Aug mean C = 17.0
|Sep mean C = 12.3
|Oct mean C = 5.8
|Nov mean C = -0.5
|Dec mean C = -7.7
|year mean C = 3.5
|Jan low C = -19.1
|Feb low C = -18.7
|Mar low C = -11.9
|Apr low C = -3.6
|May low C = 2.9
|Jun low C = 7.8
|Jul low C = 11.0
|Aug low C = 9.8
|Sep low C = 5.3
|Oct low C = 0.2
|Nov low C = -4.9
|Dec low C = -12.5
|year low C = -2.8
|Jan record low C = -43.6
|Feb record low C = -39.4
|Mar record low C = -36.2
|Apr record low C = -28.5
|May record low C = -9.4
|Jun record low C = -4.4
|Jul record low C = 1.3
|Aug record low C = -1.2
|Sep record low C = -6.6
|Oct record low C = -16.1
|Nov record low C = -26.0
|Dec record low C = -40.0
|year record low C = -43.6
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 71.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 63.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 64.1
|Apr precipitation mm = 67.0
|May precipitation mm = 84.6
|Jun precipitation mm = 101.1
|Jul precipitation mm = 106.6
|Aug precipitation mm = 86.4
|Sep precipitation mm = 89.4
|Oct precipitation mm = 102.7
|Nov precipitation mm = 86.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 88.6
|year precipitation mm = 1011.8
|rain colour = green
|Jan rain mm = 12.7
|Feb rain mm = 9.1
|Mar rain mm = 17.0
|Apr rain mm = 46.7
|May rain mm = 90.0
|Jun rain mm = 97.4
|Jul rain mm = 113.8
|Aug rain mm = 93.4
|Sep rain mm = 94.6
|Oct rain mm = 90.8
|Nov rain mm = 64.7
|Dec rain mm = 22.9
|year rain mm = 753.0
|snow colour = green
|Jan snow cm = 66.7
|Feb snow cm = 53.2
|Mar snow cm = 39.1
|Apr snow cm = 11.5
|May snow cm = 0.4
|Jun snow cm = 0.0
|Jul snow cm = 0.0
|Aug snow cm = 0.0
|Sep snow cm = 0.0
|Oct snow cm = 2.8
|Nov snow cm = 26.5
|Dec snow cm = 57.8
|year snow cm = 258.0
|unit precipitation days = 0.2 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 13.2
|Feb precipitation days = 13.4
|Mar precipitation days = 12.4
|Apr precipitation days = 12.0
|May precipitation days = 13.0
|Jun precipitation days = 13.4
|Jul precipitation days = 14.4
|Aug precipitation days = 13.2
|Sep precipitation days = 12.8
|Oct precipitation days = 14.7
|Nov precipitation days = 13.0
|Dec precipitation days = 14.7
|year precipitation days = 160.2
|unit rain days = 0.2 mm
|Jan rain days = 1.5
|Feb rain days = 1.2
|Mar rain days = 3.0
|Apr rain days = 7.6
|May rain days = 11.8
|Jun rain days = 12.1
|Jul rain days = 12.2
|Aug rain days = 11.3
|Sep rain days = 11.2
|Oct rain days = 11.9
|Nov rain days = 7.8
|Dec rain days = 2.7
|year rain days = 94.4
|unit snow days = 0.2 cm
|Jan snow days = 8.7
|Feb snow days = 7.7
|Mar snow days = 5.6
|Apr snow days = 2.2
|May snow days = 0.14
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.59
|Nov snow days = 4.5
|Dec snow days = 8.4
|year snow days = 37.9
|source 1 = [[Environment Canada]] (rain, snow 1981–2010)<ref name= "climate">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=6099&lang=e&province=NB&provSubmit=go&dCode=0
| title = Edmundston, New Brunswick
| work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010
| access-date = March 24, 2015}}</ref><ref name= "1991–2020 Normals">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnName_1991&txtStationName_1991=edmundston&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=15000000&dispBack=1
| title = 1991–2020 Normals
| work = Canadian Climate Normals 1991–2020
| access-date = April 4, 2024}}</ref><ref name= "Edmundston">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/historical_data/search_historic_data_stations_e.html?searchType=stnName&timeframe=1&txtStationName=edmundston&searchMethod=contains&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&optLimit=specDate&Year=1913&Month=10&Day=24&selRowPerPage=25
| title = Edmundston, New Brunswick
| work = Canadian Climate Data
| access-date = October 24, 2016}}</ref><ref name= "Edmundston Fraser Co">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/historical_data/search_historic_data_stations_e.html?searchType=stnName&timeframe=1&txtStationName=edmundston+fraser&searchMethod=contains&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&Year=2016&Month=10&Day=24&selRowPerPage=25
| title = Edmundston Fraser Co
| work = Canadian Climate Data
| access-date = October 24, 2016}}</ref><ref name= "Edmundston 2">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/historical_data/search_historic_data_stations_e.html?searchType=stnName&timeframe=1&txtStationName=edmundston&searchMethod=contains&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1981&EndYear=1981&Year=2016&Month=10&Day=24&selRowPerPage=25
| title = Edmundston, New Brunswick
| work = Canadian Climate Data
| access-date = October 24, 2016}}</ref><ref name= "Edmundston 3">{{cite web
| publisher = [[Environment Canada]]
| url = http://climate.weather.gc.ca/historical_data/search_historic_data_stations_e.html?searchType=stnName&timeframe=1&txtStationName=edmundston&searchMethod=contains&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=2016&EndYear=2016&Year=2016&Month=10&Day=24&selRowPerPage=25
| title = Edmundston, New Brunswick
| work = Canadian Climate Data
| access-date = October 24, 2016}}</ref>
|date=March 2015
}}

==Economy==
{{see also|Pulp and paper industry in Canada}}
[[File:CN Edmundston Yard (Edmunston, New Brunswick).jpg|thumb|CN Edmundston Yard]]
Edmundston is a rural town whose economy centres on the Saint John River [[paper]] industry. The river historically provided water power for the [[paper mill|mills]] and was the route of [[Log driving|log drives]] bringing [[pulpwood]] from upstream [[forest]]s. The river still provides the water supply for paper manufacture, but environmental concerns encourage pulpwood delivery by [[highway]] and [[Rail transport|rail]].<ref>{{cite book| title=Rail Service in the Midwest and Northeast Region |author=United States Department of Transportation |publisher=United States Government Printing Office |year=1974 }}</ref>

Forestry is one of the city's major industries, with several sawmills and paper plants in the vicinity, the largest being the Twin Rivers pulp mill, formerly owned by [[Fraser Papers]], now owned by [[Norbord]], by way of [[Noranda Forest]] (1998) and [[Nexfor]] (2004).<ref>[http://www.toucherdubois.ca/tdb/collection/document/Petites%20entreprises.pdf Petites Entreprises: "Fraser Inc."]</ref> The Edmundston pulp mill is paired with a Twin Rivers<ref>Fraser Papers Progress Report 1980-Fraser's New off machine Blade coater Program</ref> paper mill directly across the Saint John River in [[Madawaska, Maine]],<ref>one of only two such installation anywhere along the [[Canada–United States border]]</ref> through which liquified pulp slurry is piped.  The pulp is shipped across the border through a mile-long high pressure [[Pipeline transport|pipeline]] running between both facilities, and is made into paper in Madawaska. The Madawaska mill specializes in fine-grade papers. The town's economy is highly dependent upon cross-border trade, to the extent that Edmundston and its smaller sister city of Madawaska are considered by residents under many aspects, a single economic entity.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Wright | first = Virginia | title = In the Shadow of the Border | journal = Down East: The Magazine of Maine | issue = June 2006 }}</ref>

An illuminated sign and plastics manufacture owned by [[Jim Pattison Group|Pattison Sign]] is also important to the city's economy. IPL, a company that manufactures plastic eating utensils, has a facility in Edmundston.

The city is the site of the regional hospital for the area. There is a campus of the French language [[University of Moncton]] in Edmundston. The New Brunswick Community college system has a campus in Edmundston.

==Arts and culture==
Every June, Edmundston plays host to the Festival Jazz et Blues d'Edmundston (The Edmundston Jazz and Blues Festival).<ref>{{cite web |title=Festival Jazz & Blues d'Edmundston |url=https://www.jazzbluesedmundston.com/en/index.php |publisher=Edmundston Jazz & Blues Festival |access-date=August 23, 2019}}</ref>

The City is also host to the annual Festival Royal in early August; the Funk & Bier festival in Septembre, and the spectacular Grande Grouille at the New Brunswick Botanical Garden in October.

The three manual Casavant neo-baroque mechanical action pipe organ of the Church of Notre-Dame-des-Sept-Douleurs, situated in a hall with a superb live acoustic, is one of the finest pipe organs in Canada.

==Attractions==
[[File:Edmundston.jpg|thumbnail|right|Park and bridge over the [[Madawaska River (Saint John River)|Madawaska River]]]]
[[File:NenupharJBNB.JPG|thumb|right|A specimen of [[Nymphaeaceae]] in the [[New Brunswick Botanical Garden]].]]
Edmundston hosts two [[Geography of New Brunswick#Heritage and historical sites|provincial historical sites]]:
* Cathedral of Immaculate Conception: Built in 1924, the [[cathedral]]'s architecture is said to be a synthesis of Roman and Gothic styles. Its granite [[facade]] has been recently [[Building restoration|restored]], and can accommodate more than 1,200 people.
* Fortin du Petit-Sault: Erected at the culmination of the boundary disputes between the United States of America and British North America (an international conflict known as [[Aroostook War]]) in 1841 prior to the signing of the [[Webster-Ashburton Treaty]]. This small fort was rebuilt in 2000.

Other tourist attractions include de la République Provincial Park, an 18-hole [[golf]] course, a pedestrian downtown with a number of retail stores, restaurants, a hotel and a convention centre. You can also visit the Antique Automobile Museum, the Madawaska Historic Museum, and many other museums.

The [[New Brunswick Botanical Garden]] is in suburban Saint-Jacques, on seven hectares with more than 80,000 plants.

Edmundston has a downhill skiing facility in the city at Mont Farlagne. This facility has 3 lifts, a t-bar, a double chair, and a quad chair. It has 14 trails and an elevation of 690 feet. Snowmaking is available. Five trails are lit for night skiing.

==Sports==
Since 2017, Edmundston has been home to the [[Edmundston Blizzard]] of the [[Maritime Junior A Hockey League]], playing their home games at the Centre Jean Daigle.

==Government==
The offices of the [[Parliament of Canada|Member of Parliament]] for the federal riding of [[Madawaska—Restigouche]] René Arseneault and the [[Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick|Member of the Legislative Assembly]] for the provincial riding of [[Edmundston-Madawaska Centre]] ([[Jean-Claude D'Amours]]) are located in downtown Edmundston and for the provincial riding of [[Madawaska Les Lacs-Edmundston]] ([[Francine Landry]]) are located in Edmundston.

==Policing==

Edmunston Police has 34 sworn members (2012) and are based out of one location.<ref>{{cite web |title=Police personnel in municipal police services — New Brunswick, 2012 |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/85-225-x/2012000/t013-eng.htm |website=Statistics Canada |access-date=5 December 2024 |date=27 November 2015}}</ref>

==Transportation infrastructure==
Edmundston is served by [[New Brunswick Route 2]], a four-lane all weather divided highway and, on the other side of the [[Saint John River (Bay of Fundy)|Saint John River]], by [[U.S. Route 1]]. There is a [[Edmundston Airport|municipal airport]] 17 kilometres north of Edmundston which serves [[general aviation]] traffic. The [[Trans Canada Trail]] passes through Edmundston, having been converted for pedestrian and bicycling use after abandonment of the [[New Brunswick Railway]].

==Education==
The city has two francophone K-8 schools, an anglophone K-12 school, a francophone [[Cité des Jeunes A.-M.-Sormany|high school]], a community college campus affiliated with the [[Collège communautaire du Nouveau-Brunswick]], and a university campus affiliated with the [[Université de Moncton]].

==Media==
[[File:Le Madawaska premier numéro.jpg|thumb|alt=First number of Le Madawaska|First number of Edmundston's native newspaper, Le Madawaska, authored by Albert-M. Sormany & Maximilien-D. Cormier. Dated 27 November 1913.]]

Edmundston is served by three newspapers: ''[[L'Acadie Nouvelle]]'', ''[[The Telegraph Journal]]'' and ''Info Weekend''), two local radio stations ([[CJEM-FM]], [[CFAI-FM]]), two television rebroadcasters ([[CFTF-DT|CFTF-DT-1]], [[CIMT-DT|CIMT-DT-1]]) and a regional bureau of [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|Radio-Canada]].

The area also receives the [[Quebec City]]-based newspapers ''[[Le Journal de Québec]]'' and ''[[Le Soleil (Quebec)|Le Soleil]]'' which will cover notable events in the region.

;Notable people
{{Main|List of people from Edmundston}}

==See also==
*[[List of communities in New Brunswick]]
*[[List of paper mills]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Edmundston, New Brunswick}}
*{{official|http://www.edmundston.ca/en/}}

{{Geographic location
 | Centre = Edmundston
 | North = [[Dégelis, Quebec|Dégelis]] {{QC}}
 | Northeast =
 | East = [[Rivière-Verte, New Brunswick|Rivière-Verte]]
 | Southeast =
 | South = [[Madawaska, Maine]] {{USA}}
 | Southwest = [[Saint-Hilaire, New Brunswick|Saint-Hilaire]]
 | West = [[Baker Brook, New Brunswick|Baker Brook]]
 | Northwest =
}}
{{Subdivisions of New Brunswick}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Edmundston| ]]
[[Category:Cities in New Brunswick]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1850]]
[[Category:New Brunswick populated places on the Saint John River (Bay of Fundy)]]