Editing East Coast hip-hop

{{short description|Regional subgenre of American hip hop music}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2024}}
{{Use American English|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = East Coast hip-hop
| stylistic_origins = {{hlist|[[Hip-hop]]|[[funk]]|[[disco]]|[[contemporary R&B]]|[[jazz]]|[[Underground hip-hop|underground]]}}
| cultural_origins  = August 11, 1973, [[The Bronx]], New York City, U.S.<ref>{{cite web|author=David Browne|url=https://www.rollingstone.com/music/music-features/kool-herc-hip-hop-50-august-11-1973-1234802035/|title=Kool Herc and the History (and Mystery) of Hip-Hop's First Day|publisher=[[Rolling Stone]]|date=August 11, 2023|accessdate=August 25, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Juana Summers|url=https://www.npr.org/2023/08/05/1192374015/50-years-of-hip-hop-a-genre-born-from-a-backyard-party|title=50 years of hip-hop: A genre born from a backyard party|publisher=[[NPR]]|date=August 5, 2023|accessdate=August 25, 2023}}</ref>
| fusiongenres      = * [[New jack swing]]
* [[Jersey club]]
* [[Baltimore club]]
| regional_scenes   = {{hlist|[[Music of New York (state)|New York]]|[[Music of New Jersey|New Jersey]]|[[Music of Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania]]|[[Music of Connecticut|Connecticut]]|[[Music of Massachusetts|Massachusetts]]|[[Music of Rhode Island|Rhode Island]]|[[Music of Vermont|Vermont]]|[[Music of New Hampshire|New Hampshire]]|[[Music of Maine|Maine]]|[[Music of Washington, D.C.|Washington, D.C.]]|[[Music of Virginia|Virginia]]|[[Music of Maryland|Maryland]]}}
| derivatives       = {{hlist|[[Boom bap]]|[[jazz rap]]|[[gangsta rap]]|[[Gangsta rap#mafioso rap|mafioso rap]]|[[golden age hip-hop]]|[[alternative hip-hop]]|[[hardcore hip-hop]]|[[rap rock]]|[[rap metal]]}}
| other_topics      = {{hlist|[[West Coast hip-hop]]|[[East Coast–West Coast hip-hop rivalry]]|[[list of hip-hop musicians from New York City]]}}
}}
'''East Coast hip-hop''' is a regional subgenre of [[Hip-hop|hip-hop music]] that originated in New York City during the 1970s.<ref name="Adaso"/><ref>{{cite web |last1=Birke |first1=Sarah |title=Rack Attack: Observations on Hip-Hop |url=https://www.newstatesman.com/society/2007/01/hip-hop-music-kinch-urban |website=[[New Statesman America]] |publisher=[[Progressive Digital Media]] |access-date=January 8, 2019 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081201190059/https://www.newstatesman.com/society/2007/01/hip-hop-music-kinch-urban |archive-date=December 1, 2008}}</ref> Hip-hop is recognized to have originated and evolved first in the [[The Bronx|Bronx]] borough of [[New York City]].<ref name="Allmusic"/>

In contrast to other styles, East Coast hip-hop music prioritizes complex lyrics for attentive listening rather than beats for dancing.<ref name="Allmusic"/> The term "East Coast hip-hop" more specifically denotes hip-hop originating from the Northeastern United States. [[Southeastern United States|Southeastern]] states such as [[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]] or Florida instead produce [[Southern hip-hop]] rather than East Coast hip-hop, although [[Washington, D.C.|the District of Columbia]], [[Virginia]], and [[Maryland]] produce East Coast hip-hop.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.wavy.com/hr-show/hampton-roads-hip-hop-history/ | title=Hampton Roads Hip Hop History | date=May 28, 2021 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.gq.com/story/chad-hugo-neptunes-profile | title=In Search of Chad Hugo | date=May 12, 2022 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://thesource.com/2021/08/20/today-in-hip-hop-history-the-clipse-release-their-debut-lp-lord-willin-19-years-ago/ | title=Today In Hip-Hop History: The Clipse Release Their Debut LP 'Lord Willin' 19 Years Ago | date=August 20, 2021 }}</ref>

== Musical style ==
{{Listen
 |filename     = The Choice Is Yours (Revisited).ogg
 |pos          = left
 |title        = Example
 |description  = A sample of an East Coast hip hop song, highlighting an emphasis on lyricism, as well as displaying boom bap and jazz rap elements. The song played on the background is "[[The Choice Is Yours (Revisited)]]" by [[Black Sheep (duo)|Black Sheep]].
}}
In contrast to the more simplistic rhyme pattern and scheme used in [[Old-school hip-hop]], hip-hop in the late ‘80s developed a stronger emphasis on lyrical dexterity.<ref name="Adaso"/> It also became characterized by multi-syllabic rhymes, complex wordplay, a continuous free-flowing delivery and intricate metaphors.<ref name="Adaso"/> Although East Coast hip-hop can vary in sound and style, "aggressive" beats and the combining of [[sampling (music)|sample]]s were common to the subgenre in the mid- to late 1980s.<ref name="Allmusic"/> The aggressive and hard-hitting beats of the form were emphasized by such acts as [[EPMD]], [[Beastie Boys]] and [[Public Enemy]], while artists such as [[Eric B. & Rakim]], [[Boogie Down Productions]], [[LL Cool J]], [[Big Daddy Kane]], [[Nas]], [[The Notorious B.I.G.]], and [[Slick Rick]] were noted for their lyrical skill. Lyrical themes throughout the history of East Coast hip-hop have ranged from [[Political hip hop#Conscious hip hop|lyrical consciousness]] by such artists as Public Enemy and [[A Tribe Called Quest]] to [[Gangsta rap#Mafioso rap|Mafioso rap]] themes by rappers such as [[Raekwon]], [[MF Grimm]] and [[Kool G Rap]].<ref name="Adaso"/>

==History==
===1973–1986: Emergence===
{{Main|Roots of hip hop|Old-school hip-hop|New-school hip-hop}}
{{see also|The Bridge Wars}}
East Coast hip-hop is occasionally referred to as New York rap due to its origins and development at block parties thrown in New York City during the 1970s.<ref name="Adaso">Adaso, Henry. [http://rap.about.com/od/genresstyles/p/EastCoastRap.htm What Is East Coast Hip-Hop] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161224014423/http://rap.about.com/od/genresstyles/p/EastCoastRap.htm |date=December 24, 2016 }}. [[About.com]]. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> According to [[AllMusic]], "At the dawn of the hip-hop era, all rap was East Coast rap."<ref name="Allmusic">[{{AllMusic|class=style|id=east-coast-rap-ma0000002563|pure_url=yes}} Genre: East Coast Rap]. [[AllMusic]]. Retrieved on March 1, 2009.</ref> Leading up to hip-hop, there were spoken-word artists such as [[the Last Poets]] who released [[The Last Poets (album)|their debut album]] in 1970, and [[Gil Scott-Heron]], who gained a wide audience with his 1971 track "[[The Revolution Will Not Be Televised]]". These artists combined spoken word and music to create a kind of "proto-rap" vibe.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/music/2018/jun/06/jalal-mansur-nuriddin-last-poets-obituary-grandfather-of-rap  "Jalal Mansur Nuriddin: farewell to the 'grandfather of rap'", ''The Guardian'', 6 June 2018]. Retrieved December 7, 2018.</ref> Following this, early artists of hip-hop such as [[DJ Kool Herc]], [[Grandmaster Flash]], [[Afrika Bambaataa]], [[the Sugarhill Gang]], [[Kurtis Blow]], [[Jam Master Jay]] and [[Run-DMC]], pioneered East Coast hip-hop during hip-hop's earlier years in the 1970s and 1980s.<ref name="Allmusic"/>

===1986–1997: Renaissance===
[[File:RZA 7 Shankbone 2009 Tao of Wu.jpg|thumb|upright|[[RZA]], producer and member of the [[Wu-Tang Clan]]]]
As the genre developed, lyrical themes evolved through the work of East Coast artists such as the [[Native Tongues]], a collective of hip-hop artists associated with generally positive, Afrocentric themes, and assembled by Afrika Bambaataa. New York–based groups such as [[De La Soul]], [[Public Enemy]], [[A Tribe Called Quest]], and the [[Jungle Brothers]] also earned recognition for their musical eclecticism.<ref name="Allmusic"/> This period from the mid-1980s to mid-1990s has been called the "[[Golden age hip-hop|golden age]]" of hip-hop. Although East Coast hip-hop was more popular throughout the late 1980s, [[N.W.A]]'s ''[[Straight Outta Compton]]'' (released in early 1989) presented the toughened sound of [[West Coast hip-hop]], which was accompanied by gritty, street-level subject matter.<ref name="Allmusic"/> Later in 1992, [[Dr. Dre]]'s [[G-funk]] record ''[[The Chronic]]'' would introduce West Coast hip-hop to the mainstream. Along with a combined ability to keep its primary function as party music, the West Coast form of hip-hop became a dominant force during the early 1990s.<ref name="Allmusic"/> Although G-Funk was the most popular variety of hip-hop during the early 1990s, the East Coast hip-hop scene remained an integral part of the music industry. During this period, several New York City rappers rising from the local underground scene, began releasing noteworthy albums in the early and mid-1990s, such as [[Nas]], [[The Notorious B.I.G.]] and others.<ref name="Stylus"/> [[The Stretch Armstrong and Bobbito Show]] was the launch pad for many East Coast rappers during this era.

[[File:Nas-04.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Nas]]'s 1994 debut album ''[[Illmatic]]'' was critically acclaimed.]]
[[Nas]]' 1994 debut album ''[[Illmatic]]'' has also been noted as one of the creative high points of the East Coast hip-hop scene, and featured production from such renowned New York–based producers as [[Large Professor]], [[Pete Rock]] and [[DJ Premier]].<ref name="Stylus"/> Meanwhile, The [[Wu-Tang Clan]], [[Onyx (hip-hop group)|Onyx]], [[Black Moon (group)|Black Moon]], [[Smif-N-Wessun]], [[Big L]], [[Lost Boyz]] and [[Mobb Deep]] became pillars in New York's [[hardcore hip-hop]] scene, achieving widespread critical acclaim for their landmark albums, ''[[Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)]]'' (1993), ''[[Lifestylez ov da Poor & Dangerous]]'' (1995), ''[[Enta da Stage]]'' (1993), ''[[Bacdafucup]]'' (1993), ''[[Dah Shinin']]'' (1995), ''[[Legal Drug Money]]'' (1996) and ''[[The Infamous]]'' (1995).

[[The Notorious B.I.G.]] became the central figure in East Coast hip-hop during most of the 1990s. [[Bad Boy Records]] comprised a team of producers known as the Hitmen Stevie J, Derrick "D Dot" Angelletie and Amen Ra directed by [[Sean Combs]] to move the focus on hip-hop to New York with the Notorious B.I.G.'s Billboard topping hits.<ref name="BIGbio"/> His success on the music charts and rise to the mainstream drew more attention to New York at the time of West Coast hip-hop's dominance.<ref name="BIGbio"/> According to [[AllMusic]] editor Steve Huey, the success of his 1994 debut album ''[[Ready to Die]]'' "reinvented East Coast rap for the gangsta age" and "turned the Notorious B.I.G. into a hip-hop sensation — the first major star the East Coast had produced since the rise of Dr. Dre's West Coast G-funk".<ref name="BIGbio"/> Many saw his dominating presence as a catalyzing factor in the East Coast/West Coast hip-hop rivalry that polarized much of the hip-hop community, stirring the issue enough to result in the Brooklyn rapper's 1997 death, as well as his West Coast counterpart, [[Tupac Shakur]], months prior.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Murder Was the Case: Notorious B.I.G. Shot Down at 24—To Live and Die in L.A.|last = Smith|first = RJ|date = March 18, 1997|journal = The Village Voice}}</ref> By the late 1990s, East coast rap had returned to mainstream dominance.<ref>{{cite web |title=West Coast Rap |website=AllMusic |url=https://www.allmusic.com/style/west-coast-rap-ma0000002932}}</ref>

===1997–2007: Bling era, mainstream success===
Biggie's commercial success helped pave the way for the success of other up-and-coming East Coast rappers such as [[Jay-Z]], [[DMX]], [[Busta Rhymes]], [[50 Cent]], [[Ja Rule]], [[the Lox]], [[Fat Joe]], [[Big Pun]], and [[Clipse]].<ref name="BIGbio">Huey, Steve (September 26, 2003). [http://www.allmusic.com/artist/p44889/biography Biography: The Notorious B.I.G.]. Allmusic. Retrieved on February 10, 2011.</ref><ref>Huey, Steve (September 26, 2003). [http://www.allmusic.com/album/ready-to-die-r203800/review Review: ''Ready to Die'']. Allmusic. Retrieved on February 10, 2011.</ref> Many East Coast hip-hop producers also rose to prominence during this period such as [[Timbaland]], [[Pharrell Williams|Pharrell]], [[Just Blaze]], [[Swizz Beatz]], [[Irv Gotti]], and [[Channel 7 (musician)|7 Aurelius]]{{efn-lr|Although not from the East Coast, 7 Aurelius' career originated in New York and consists almost exclusively of east coast hip hop and R&B production.}}.

===2007–2013: Blog era and revitalization===
[[File:Wiz Khalifa in Under The Influence Tour.jpg|thumb|upright|Wiz Khalifa performing in Toronto in 2012.]]
A mainstream revitalization of East Coast rap occurred in the late 2000s and early 2010s, albeit without the same level of ubiquity as in the 1990s. Younger artists at this time used Internet resources such as social media, blogging, and [[music streaming]] to build a following among fans,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://trapital.co/2020/05/28/why-hip-hop-fans-miss-the-blog-era/|title=Why Hip-Hop Fans Miss the Blog Era – Trapital by Dan Runcie|date=September 19, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919225511/https://trapital.co/2020/05/28/why-hip-hop-fans-miss-the-blog-era/|access-date=February 25, 2021|archive-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/where-are-they-now-20-icons-of-the-hip-hop-blog-era-news.82448.html|title=Where Are They Now? 20 Icons Of The "Hip Hop Blog" Era|website=HNHH|date=April 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200429034125/https://www.hotnewhiphop.com/where-are-they-now-20-icons-of-the-hip-hop-blog-era-news.82448.html|access-date=February 25, 2021|archive-date=April 29, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Blog Era Was Perfectly Imperfect |url=https://www.complex.com/pigeons-and-planes/a/tim-larew/music-blogs |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=Complex |language=en}}</ref> blurring the lines between the [[Underground hip-hop|underground]] and the mainstream. Rappers who emerged during this "blog era" include [[Joey Badass|Joey Bada$$]], [[ASAP Rocky|A$AP Rocky]], [[Nicki Minaj]], [[Wiz Khalifa]], [[Meek Mill]], [[French Montana]], [[Pusha T]], [[Logic (rapper)|Logic]], [[Mac Miller]], [[Vast Aire]], [[Wale (rapper)|Wale]], [[Azealia Banks]], [[Flatbush Zombies]], [[Troy Ave]], [[Bishop Nehru]], [[Asher Roth]], and [[Ka (rapper)|Ka]].

===2014–present: Rise of trap, New York City drill, boom-bap resurgence===
East Coast rappers that saw success during this period include [[Cardi B]], [[Lil Uzi Vert]], [[Fetty Wap]], [[A Boogie wit da Hoodie]], [[Rich The Kid]], [[Tekashi 6ix9ine]], [[Sheck Wes]], [[ASAP Ferg]], [[Rico Nasty]], [[Young M.A]], [[Action Bronson]], [[Dave East]], [[Shy Glizzy]], [[YBN Cordae]], [[Brent Faiyaz]], [[GoldLink]], [[PnB Rock]], [[Flipp Dinero]], and [[Jay Critch]]. Many of the rappers of this era gained prominence on [[social media]], and some diverged from the traditional East Coast sound with stylistic choices that befitted the [[Music streaming service|streaming era]], such as [[Trap music|trap]] production and [[Southern hip-hop|southern]] hip hop influence.<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://www.billboard.com/music/music-news/new-york-hip-hop-2018-what-does-it-mean-8491247/ |title=What is New York Hip-Hop in 2018? |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] }}</ref> Various factors led to a decline in unique regional scenes, including East Coast rap, and rivalries between different cities and regions declined significantly, with artists across different regions and genres more willing to collaborate than in the past.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bradley |first=Megan |date=April 18, 2016 |title=Go south young man: How Philly rapper Lil Uzi Vert won over Atlanta |url=http://www.spin.com/2016/04/go-south-young-man-how-philly-rapper-lil-uzi-vert-won-over-atlanta/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624162836/http://www.spin.com/2016/04/go-south-young-man-how-philly-rapper-lil-uzi-vert-won-over-atlanta/ |archive-date=June 24, 2016 |website=Spin}}</ref>

[[Brooklyn drill|New York City's drill]] genre, heavily influenced by [[UK drill]] (and often using the same London producers, such as [[808Melo]]), has injected new energy into the New York hip-hop scene, attracting critical acclaim, media controversy and a significant following, despite departing from standard hip-hop song structures.<ref name="NPRdrill">{{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2020/02/19/807389456/pop-smoke-rising-new-york-rapper-dead-at-20 |title=Pop Smoke, 'Welcome To The Party' Rapper, Dead At 20 |publisher=NPR |date=February 19, 2020 |accessdate=February 14, 2022}}</ref> The genre started in Brooklyn, led by artists such as [[Bobby Shmurda]], the late [[Pop Smoke]], [[Fivio Foreign]], [[Sheff G]], and [[22Gz]]. [[Brooklyn drill#Bronx drill|Bronx drill]], a related subgenre, has also emerged, with prominent rappers including [[Kay Flock]], [[Ice Spice]] and [[Kenzo B]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pierre |first=Alphonse |date=2022-05-20 |title=These Women Rappers Are Busting Up New York Drill’s Boys’ Club |url=https://pitchfork.com/thepitch/new-york-drill-rap-women/ |access-date=2025-03-22 |website=Pitchfork |language=en-US}}</ref>

A neo-[[Gangsta rap#Mafioso rap|mafioso]] style of East Coast rap, marked by an emphasis on "grimy" gangster lyricism, wordplay, and [[Boom bap|boom-bap]] production, reminiscent of "classic" mid-90's acts such as "Wu-Tang, Mobb Deep, Onyx, and early Jay-Z",<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-15 |title=How Upstate New York Brought Back "East Coast" Hip-Hop |url=https://nysmusic.com/2023/08/15/how-the-sound-of-new-york-moved-upstate/ |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=NYS Music |language=en-us}}</ref> has made an emergence, garnering critical and commercial success, and a [[cult following]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=Griselda Set Out To Be Your Favorite Rapper's Favorite Rappers. It's Paying Off |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/12/19/789690521/griselda-records-puts-buffalo-hip-hop-on-the-map |access-date=2025-03-08 |work=NPR |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Pryor |first=Lex |date=2020-10-02 |title=The Flygod Takes Flight |url=https://www.theringer.com/2020/10/02/music/westside-gunn-griselda-who-made-the-sunshine-interview |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=www.theringer.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-03-19 |title=Griselda: the hip-hop group who beat the odds |url=https://theface.com/music/griselda-hip-hop-collective-dr-birds-wwcd-volume-4-issue-3 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=The Face |language=en-gb}}</ref> This modern revitalization of the traditional sound (sometimes referred to as "[[Cocaine|coke]] rap"<ref>{{Cite web |title=Benny the Butcher, "Everybody Can't Go" |url=https://floodmagazine.com/152887/benny-the-butcher-everybody-cant-go/ |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=FLOOD |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-18 |title=Buffalo Boom Bap: A Griselda Primer |url=https://tidal.com/magazine/article/griselda-primer/1-75548 |access-date=2025-03-08 |website=TIDAL Magazine |language=en-US}}</ref>) has been spearheaded by [[Griselda Records]] of [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], [[Upstate New York|upstate]] New York, and its flagship artists [[Westside Gunn]], [[Benny the Butcher]], and [[Conway the Machine]], as well as affiliated artists [[Mach-Hommy]], [[Roc Marciano]], [[Boldy James]], [[Rome Streetz]], [[Armani Caesar]], [[Daringer (producer)|Daringer]] and [[Conductor Williams]], among others.

==Legacy==
[[File:WEHO2022-6 (52122368631).jpg|thumb|left|Lil Kim's fourth studio album ''[[The Naked Truth (Lil' Kim album)|The Naked Truth]]'' is the only album by a female rapper to have received five mics from ''[[The Source (magazine)|The Source]]'' for its outstanding lyrical performance. Lil Kim performs at a [[pride parade]] in Los Angeles in 2022 above.]]
East Coast hip-hop was the dominant form of rap music during the Golden Era of hip-hop.<ref name="Adaso"/> Many knowledgeable hip-hop fans and critics are particularly favorable towards East Coast hip-hop of the early-mid 1990s, viewing it as a time of creative growth and influential recordings, and describing it as "The East Coast Renaissance". Music writer May Blaize of MVRemix Urban comments on the nostalgia felt among hip-hop fans for records released during this time:
{{blockquote|''It was claimed as the East Coast Renaissance. Wu-Tang brought the ruckus with ''[[Enter the Wu-Tang (36 Chambers)|36 Chambers]]''. The world was ours when Nas released ''[[Illmatic]]''. [[Big L]], (The MVP) came out with ''[[Lifestylez ov da Poor and Dangerous]]''. Temperatures rose in clubs when Mobb Deep came out with ''[[The Infamous]]'' and Brooklyn's finest Jay-Z released ''[[Reasonable Doubt (album)|Reasonable Doubt]]''. . . And who can forget the powerful uplifting anthem that would brand New York's concrete "Bucktown" ([[Smif-n-Wessun]]'s hit single'')? . . .Ahh, it was a beautiful time in hip-hop history that many of us wish we could return to.<ref>Blaize, May. [http://www.mvremix.com/urban/interviews/smif_n_wessun.shtml THE PAST, THE PRESENT, THE ALBUM]. MVRemix Urban. Retrieved on 2013-04-10.</ref>|sign=|source=}}

David Drake of ''[[Stylus Magazine]]'' writes of hip-hop during 1994 and its contributions, stating: "The beats were hot, the rhymes were hot – it really was an amazing time for hip-hop and music in general. This was the critical point for the East Coast, a time when rappers from the New York area were releasing bucketloads of thrilling work – [[Digable Planets]], [[Gang Starr]], [[Pete Rock]], [[Jeru tha Damaja|Jeru]], [[O.C. (rapper)|O.C.]], [[Organized Konfusion]] – I mean, this was a year of serious music."<ref name="Stylus">Gloden, Gabe. [http://www.stylusmagazine.com/articles/weekly_article/i-love-1994.htm I Love 1994] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150621102707/http://www.stylusmagazine.com/articles/weekly_article/i-love-1994.htm |date=June 21, 2015 }}. ''[[Stylus Magazine]]''. July 21, 2004. Retrieved on June 21, 2015.</ref>

East Coast hip-hop has also produced a multitude of acclaimed female rappers, including [[Salt (rapper)|Salt]] and [[Pepa (rapper)|Pepa]], [[The Real Roxanne]], [[Monie Love]], [[Queen Latifah]], [[Lil Kim]], [[Lauryn Hill]], [[Digable Planets|Ladybug Mecca]], [[Foxy Brown (rapper)|Foxy Brown]], [[Charli Baltimore]], [[Eve (rapper)|Eve]], [[Missy Elliott]], [[Angie Martinez]], [[Remy Ma]], [[Lil Mama]], [[Nicki Minaj]], [[Cardi B]], [[Rapsody]], [[Young M.A]], [[Armani Caesar]], [[Ice Spice]], and [[Coi Leray]].

==See also==
* [[Music of New York (state)|Music of New York]]
* [[Music of New York City]]
* [[Culture of New York City]]
* [[Music of New Jersey]]
* [[Music of Pennsylvania]]
* [[Music of Connecticut]]
* [[Music of Massachusetts]]
* [[Music of Rhode Island]]
* [[Music of New Hampshire]]
* [[Music of Vermont]]
* [[Music of Maine]]
* [[Music of Virginia]]
* [[Music of Maryland]]
* [[East Coast–West Coast hip-hop rivalry]]
* [[List of East Coast hip-hop record labels]]
* [[Stretch and Bobbito: Radio That Changed Lives]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{reflist|group=lower-roman}}

==External links==
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=DCNC_qGcgkgC ''Can't Stop, Won't Stop: A History of the Hip-Hop Generation''] — by Jeff Chang
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=WfFnlJVm32UC&dq=Hip+hop+new+york+disco&pg=PA9 ''It's Bigger Than Hip-Hop''] — by [[M. K. Asante, Jr.]]
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=4HfKhhUY648C&dq=Jungle+Brothers+East+Coast&pg=PA83 ''Rap Music and Street Consciousness''] — by Cheryl L. Keyes

{{hiphop}}
{{Regional hiphop in the United States}}

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[[Category:East Coast hip-hop| ]]
[[Category:1970s in American music]]
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[[Category:Music of New York City]]
[[Category:Hip-hop genres]]
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[[Category:American hip-hop scenes]]