Editing Earl of Cork

{{Short description|Title in the peerage of Ireland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox nobility title
| name              = Earldom of Cork<br/>''<small>held with</small>''<br/>[[Earl of Orrery|Earldom of Orrery]] 
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|150px]]<br />[[File:Boyle arms.svg|180px]] 
| image_size        =  
| alt               =  
| caption           = Arms of Boyle: ''Per bend embattled argent and gules''<ref>Montague-Smith, P.W. (ed.), Debrett's Peerage, Baronetage, Knightage and Companionage,  Kelly's Directories Ltd, Kingston-upon-Thames, 1968, p.284</ref>
| creation_date     = 26 October 1620 
| creation          = Second 
| monarch           = [[James VI and I|James I]] 
| peerage           = [[Peerage of Ireland]] 
| baronetage        =  
| first_holder      = [[Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork]] 
| last_holder       =  
| present_holder    = [[John Boyle, 15th Earl of Cork]] 
| heir_apparent     = Hon. Rory Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan 
| heir_presumptive  =  
| remainder_to      = Heirs male of the first earl's body lawfully begotten 
| subsidiary_titles = Viscount Dungarvan<br />Lord Boyle, Baron of Youghal 
| status            =  
| extinction_date   =  
| family_seat       = Lickfold House 
| former_seat       = [[Lismore Castle]]<br />[[Marston Bigot Park]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Jones' Views of the Seats, Mansions, Castles, Etc. of Noblemen and Gentlemen in England|date=1829|publisher=Jones & Company|page=135|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ss8HAAAAQAAJ&pg=PT135|access-date=27 June 2017|language=en}}</ref> 
| motto             = "God's providence is mine inheritance"<ref name="burke">{{cite book |title= Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knighthood|publisher=Burke's Peerage & Gentry |editor= Mosley, Charles |edition=107 |year= 2003 |pages=898 |ref=Burke |isbn=0-9711966-2-1}}</ref> 
| footnotes         =  
}}

[[Image:3rdEarlOfBurlingtonMezzotint.jpg|thumb|225px|Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington <br />and 4th Earl of Cork]]
'''Earl of Cork''' is a title in the [[Peerage of Ireland]], held in conjunction with the [[Earl of Orrery|Earldom of Orrery]] since 1753. It was created in 1620 for [[Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork|Richard Boyle, 1st Baron Boyle]]. He had already been created '''Lord Boyle''', Baron of [[Youghal]], in the [[County Cork|County of Cork]], in 1616, and was made '''Viscount of Dungarvan''', in the County of Waterford, at the same time he was given the earldom. These titles are also in the Peerage of Ireland.

Known as the "Great Earl", Richard Boyle was born in [[Canterbury]], England, but settled in [[Ireland]] in 1588, where he married an Irish heiress and bought large estates in [[County Cork]]. From 1631 to 1643 he served as [[Lord Treasurer of Ireland]]. His third son, the Hon. [[Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery|Sir Roger Boyle]] was created [[Earl of Orrery]] in 1660. The first Earl of Cork was remarkable for having four of his sons created peers; his remaining son was [[Robert Boyle]], the scientist, discoverer of [[Boyle's law]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Courthope|first1=William|title=Debrett's Complete Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland: With Additions to the Present Time and a New Set of Coats of Arms from Drawings by Harvey|date=1839|publisher=J. G. & F. Rivington|pages=200–201|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v6u5S-H7BCUC&pg=PA200|language=en}}</ref>

Lord Cork was succeeded by his second son, another Richard Boyle, the second Earl; his eldest son died young. This Richard Boyle  had already succeeded his younger brother as second [[Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky]] according to a special remainder in the [[letters patent]]. He married Elizabeth Clifford, 2nd Baroness Clifford, and in 1644 he was created '''Baron Clifford of Lanesborough''', in the County of York, in the [[Peerage of England]]. Lord Cork later served as Lord High Treasurer of Ireland and as [[Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire]]. In 1664 he was further honoured when he was made '''Earl of Burlington''' in the Peerage of England. His only son and heir apparent [[Charles Boyle, 3rd Viscount Dungarvan|Charles Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan]], was summoned to the [[Irish House of Lords]] through a [[writ of acceleration]] in his father's junior title of Viscount Dungarvan in 1663. He later represented [[Tamworth (UK Parliament constituency)|Tamworth]] and [[Yorkshire (UK Parliament constituency)|Yorkshire]] in the [[English House of Commons]]. In 1689 he was summoned to the [[English House of Lords]] through a [[writ of acceleration]] in his father's junior title of Baron Clifford of Lanesborough.

Lord Cork was succeeded by his grandson, the third Earl, the son of Viscount Dungarvan. He was Lord Treasurer of Ireland and Lord Lieutenant of the West Riding of Yorkshire. On his death the titles passed to his only son, the fourth Earl of Cork and third Earl of Burlington. Known as Lord Burlington, he was the famous [[architect]] who published [[Andrea Palladio]]'s designs of Ancient Roman architecture and designed [[Chiswick House]] with [[William Kent]]. He had no sons and on his death in 1753 the barony of Clifford of Lanesborough and earldom of Burlington became extinct. He was succeeded in the Burlington estates and in the [[Baron Clifford|barony of Clifford]] by his eldest surviving daughter Charlotte Elizabeth Boyle, 6th Baroness Clifford (see the Baron Clifford for later history of this title). She married [[William Cavendish, 4th Duke of Devonshire]]. Their third son [[George Cavendish, 1st Earl of Burlington|Lord George Augustus Henry Cavendish]] was created [[Earl of Burlington]] in 1831.

Lord Burlington was succeeded in the earldom of Cork and the other remaining titles by  his third cousin [[John Boyle, 5th Earl of Cork|John Boyle, 5th Earl of Orrery]], who became the fifth Earl of Cork as well (he was descended from the ''third'' son of the first Earl of Cork, and had also inherited the titles of '''Baron Broghill''' [Ireland] and '''Baron Boyle of Marston''' in the Peerage of Great Britain, thus a seat in the British House of Lords until 1999 (see the [[Earl of Orrery]] for earlier history of this branch of the family). He was a writer and a friend of [[Jonathan Swift]], [[Alexander Pope]] and [[Samuel Johnson]]. He was succeeded by his second but eldest surviving son, the sixth Earl. He represented [[Charleville (Parliament of Ireland constituency)|Charleville]] in the [[Irish House of Commons]] and [[Warwick (UK Parliament constituency)|Warwick]] in the [[British House of Commons]]. He died unmarried at the age of thirty-three and was succeeded by his half-brother, [[Edmund Boyle, 7th Earl of Cork]]. The seventh Earl is remembered only for the fame of his second wife [[Mary Boyle, Countess of Cork and Orrery]], the celebrated Lady Cork whose salon was a centre of intellectual life for fifty years. On his death  in 1798 the titles passed to his second but eldest surviving son, the eighth Earl. He was a General in the Army and fought in the Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.

[[Image:John Boyle, 5th Earl of Cork and Orrery by Isaac Seeman.jpg|thumb|right|225px|John Boyle, 5th Earl of Cork.]]
He was succeeded by his grandson, the ninth Earl. He was the son of Captain Charles Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan. Lord Cork was a [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]] politician and served as [[Master of the Buckhounds]] and as [[Master of the Horse]] under [[John Russell, 1st Earl Russell|Lord Russell]], [[William Ewart Gladstone]] and  [[Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery|Lord Rosebery]]. His eldest son, the tenth Earl, fought in the [[Second Boer War]] but died childless in 1925. He was succeeded by his younger brother, the eleventh Earl. He also died childless and was succeeded by his second cousin, [[William Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork|William Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork and Orrery]]. He was the grandson of the Hon. John Boyle, third son of the eighth Earl. Lord Cork was an [[Admiral of the Fleet]] and notably commanded the combined expedition for the capture of [[Narvik]] in 1940. He was childless and was succeeded by his nephew, the thirteenth Earl. He was the eldest son of Major the Hon. Reginald Courtenay Boyle. He served as a Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords and as Deputy Chairman of Committees in the House of Lords from 1973 to 1978. He died childless and was succeeded by his younger brother, the fourteenth Earl. {{As of|2017}}, the titles are held by the latter's eldest son, the fifteenth Earl, who succeeded in 2003.

The family seat is Lickfold House, near [[Petworth]], [[West Sussex]].

==Earl of Cork (1394?)==
[[Edward of Norwich, 2nd Duke of York|Edward of Norwich]], [[Earl of Rutland]], the first son of [[Edmund of Langley, 1st Duke of York]], fifth son of [[Edward III of England]], favorite of his cousin [[Richard II of England|Richard II]], had been created ''Earl of Cork'' in the Peerage of Ireland during his nephew's personal reign. While the creation is unrecorded, he campaigned in Ireland from 1394 to 1395, and both he and King Richard use the title in letters that spring.

He is usually called by some other of his many titles; Rutland, Aumale, or York. He was created [[Duke of Aumale]] in 1397, and deprived of the dukedom 6 October 1399, as a consequence  of the deposition of Richard II; he succeeded his father as [[Duke of York]] in 1402. This Earldom, and all honours created for him, became extinct when he died childless at the [[battle of Agincourt]] in 1415.

==Earls of Cork (1620)==
:''Heirs who did not live to succeed to the Earldom are indented''.

*[[Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork]] (1566–1643)
**Roger Boyle (1606–1615)
*[[Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington|Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Burlington and 2nd Earl of Cork]] (1612–1698)
**[[Charles Boyle, 3rd Viscount Dungarvan]] (1639–1694)
*[[Charles Boyle, 2nd Earl of Burlington|Charles Boyle, 2nd Earl of Burlington and 3rd Earl of Cork]] (bef. 1674–1703)
*[[Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington|Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington and 4th Earl of Cork]] (1694–1753)
*[[John Boyle, 5th Earl of Cork|John Boyle, 5th Earl of Cork and 5th Earl of Orrery]] (1707–1762)
**[[Charles Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan]] (1729–1759)
*[[Hamilton Boyle, 6th Earl of Cork|Hamilton Boyle, 6th Earl of Cork and 6th Earl of Orrery]] (1729–1764)
*[[Edmund Boyle, 7th Earl of Cork|Edmund Boyle, 7th Earl of Cork and 7th Earl of Orrery]] (1742–1798)
**John Richard Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan (1765–1768)
*[[Edmund Boyle, 8th Earl of Cork|Edmund Boyle, 8th Earl of Cork and 8th Earl of Orrery]] (1767–1856)
**Edmund William Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan (1798–1826)
**Charles Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan (1800–1834)
*[[Richard Boyle, 9th Earl of Cork|Richard Edmund St Lawrence Boyle, 9th Earl of Cork and 9th Earl of Orrery]] (1829–1904)
*[[Charles Boyle, 10th Earl of Cork|Charles Spencer Canning Boyle, 10th Earl of Cork and 10th Earl of Orrery]] (1861–1925)
*[[Robert Boyle, 11th Earl of Cork|Robert John Lascelles Boyle, 11th Earl of Cork and 11th Earl of Orrery]] (1864–1934)
*[[William Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork|William Henry Dudley Boyle, 12th Earl of Cork and 12th Earl of Orrery]] (1873–1967)
*[[Patrick Boyle, 13th Earl of Cork|Patrick Reginald Boyle, 13th Earl of Cork and 13th Earl of Orrery]] (1910–1995)
*[[John Boyle, 14th Earl of Cork|John William Boyle, 14th Earl of Cork and 14th Earl of Orrery]] (1916–2003)
*[[John Boyle, 15th Earl of Cork|John Richard Boyle, 15th Earl of Cork and 15th Earl of Orrery]] (born 1945)

The [[heir apparent]] is the present holder's son Rory Jonathan Courtenay Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan (born 1978).

== Family tree and line of succession ==
{{Dukes of Devonshire family tree}}

{{Collapse top|title={{small|Line of succession}}}}
{{tree list}}
*[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork (1566–1643)''
**[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]]  ''Roger Boyle, 1st Earl of Orrery (1621–1679)''
***[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]]  ''Roger Boyle, 2nd Earl of Orrery (1646–1682)''
****[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]]  ''Charles Boyle, 4th Earl of Orrery (1674–1731)''
*****[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''John Boyle, 5th Earl of Cork and Orrery (1707–1762)''
******[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Edmund Boyle, 7th Earl of Cork and Orrery (1742–1798)''
*******[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Edmund Boyle, 8th Earl of Cork and Orrery (1767–1856)''
********''Hon. John Boyle (1803–1874)''
*********''Gerald Edmund Boyle (1840–1927)''
**********''Hon. Reginald Courtenay Boyle (1877–1946)''
***********[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''John Boyle, 14th Earl of Cork and Orrery (1916–2003)''
************[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] '''John Boyle, 15th Earl of Cork and Orrery''' (b. 1945)
*************'''(1).'''   Rory Jonathan Courtenay Boyle, Viscount Dungarvan (b. 1978)
************'''(2).''' Hon. Robert William Boyle (b. 1948)
*************'''(3).''' Richard Piers Boyle (b. 1988)
************'''(4).'''   Hon. Charles Reginald Boyle (b. 1957)
*************'''(5).''' John Arthur Hoene Boyle (b. 1994)
********''Rev. Hon. Richard Cavendish Boyle (1812–1886)''
*********''Charles John Boyle (1849–1922)''
**********''Edmund Michael Gordon Leventhorpe Boyle (1895–1982)''
***********''George Hamilton Boyle (1928–2007)''
************'''(6).''' Robert Edmund John Boyle (b. 1954)
*************'''(7).'''  Patrick Gordon Tobias Boyle (b. 1991)
************'''(8).''' Richard William Boyle (b. 1959)
*************'''(9).''' Jonathan Charles Boyle (b. 2001)
************'''(10).''' Rupert Lancelot Cavendish Boyle (b. 1960)
*************'''(11).'''  Angus Hugo Edmund Boyle (b. 1989)
*************'''(12).'''  Christopher Simon Hamilton Boyle (b. 1992)
*************'''(13).'''    Jocelyn William Rupert Boyle (b. 1998)
*******''Hon. [[Courtenay Boyle]] (1770–1844)''
********''Charles John Boyle (1806–1885)''
*********''Lionel Richard Cavendish Boyle (1851–1920)''
**********''Richard Courtenay Boyle (1902–1986)''
***********'''(14).''' John Richard Boyle (b. 1938)
************'''(15).''' Richard Burlington Boyle (b. 1966)
************'''(16).''' Charles Robert Boyle (b. 1969)
************'''(17).''' Patrick William Boyle  (b. 1971)
************'''(18).''' Harry Courtenay Boyle (b. 1979)
***********'''(19).''' William Robert Cavendish Boyle (b. 1944)
***''Hon. Henry Boyle (1648–1693)''
****[[Image:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|35px]] ''Henry Boyle, 1st Earl of Shannon (1682–1764)''
*****''[[Earl of Shannon|Earls of Shannon]]''
{{tree list/end}}
<ref>{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Cork and Orrery, Earl of |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |pages=2064–2068 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}</ref>
{{collapse bottom}}

==See also==
*[[Viscount Boyle of Kinalmeaky]]
*[[Earl of Orrery]]
*[[Earl of Shannon]]
*[[Viscount Shannon]]
*[[Baron Carleton|Baron Carleton (1714 creation)]]
*[[Earl of Burlington]]
*[[Viscount Blesington]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Hansard-contribs | mr-robert-boyle | Robert John Lascelles Boyle, 11th Earl of Cork }}
*{{Hansard-contribs | mr-patrick-boyle-1 | Patrick Reginald Boyle, 13th Earl of Cork }}
{{Extant British earldoms}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cork}}
[[Category:Earldoms in the Peerage of Ireland]]
[[Category:Boyle family|Earl]]
[[Category:1620 establishments in Ireland]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1396]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1620]]
[[Category:Extinct earldoms in the Peerage of Ireland]]