Editing Drenagh

{{Short description|House in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{EngvarB|date=March 2020}}
[[File:Gatehouse near Artikelly - geograph.org.uk - 716613.jpg|thumb|The West Gate to the Drenagh Estate, designed by Charles Lanyon]]
'''Drenagh''' is a 19th-century house and gardens in [[Limavady]], County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Drenagh has been the home of the McCausland family since 1729, and the present house was built in 1835. It was the first major work by [[Charles Lanyon]], known for his work in Belfast. The gardens include features from the 18th century, as well as an extensive 19th-century [[Giardino all'italiana|Italian garden]] and elements added in the 1960s. The house is a Grade A [[listed building]].<ref name=listed/>

==History==
The Drenagh estate, then known as Fruithill, was acquired from the Bishopric of Derry by [[William Conolly]] (1662-1729), a wealthy [[self-made man]] and speaker of the [[Parliament of Ireland|Irish Parliament]]. By his will he left his interest in the property to his agent Robert McCausland “as an acknowledgment for the faithful service he has done me”,<ref>Will of William Conolly of Celbridge, Co.Kildare, dated 18 October 1729: TNA, PROB11/636/185.</ref> and the bequest allowed the McCauslands to establish themselves as county gentry.<ref>Patrick Walsh, ''The Making of the Irish Protestant Ascendancy: The Life of William Conolly'', Boydell & Brewer, Woodbridge, 2010, p. 21.</ref> McCausland was the grandson of Baron Alexander McAuslane who had settled in the [[Strabane]] area in the 1540s, and he named his first son (by his wife Hannah, née Moore)<ref>[[Bernard Burke|Sir Bernard Burke]] and [[A. C. Fox-Davies]], ''A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Ireland'', Harrison & Sons, London, 1912, pp. 433-434.</ref> Conolly McCausland for his employer. In the 1730s Robert McCausland built the first house at Fruithill, located to the south-east of the present building, and in the 1790s this house was extended. Nothing remains of this house, though a walled garden remains from this period as well as elements of the demesne landscape.<ref name=listed>{{cite web|url=http://appsc.doeni.gov.uk/buildings/buildview.aspx?id=12231&js=false |title=Drenagh House: Historic Building Details |publisher=Department for Communities}}</ref>

Conolly McCausland married the heiress Elizabeth Gage and had a son, also Conolly McCausland, who married Theodosia Mahon from [[Strokestown|Strokestown, County Roscommon]]. This second Conolly McCausland approached architect [[John Hargrave (architect)|John Hargrave]] to design a new house,<ref name=DIA>{{cite web |url=http://www.dia.ie/works/view/7626/building/CO.+DERRY%2C+DRENAGH |title=Co. Derry, Drenagh |work=Dictionary of Irish Architects 1720 - 1940}}</ref> but only the gate lodge was built prior to the deaths of McCausland and Hargrave.<ref name=listed/> In 1836 their son, Marcus McCausland (1787-1862), commissioned Sir Charles Lanyon to build the present house.<ref name=DIA/> Marcus and his wife, Marianne (née Tyndall) produced an heir, Conolly Thomas McCausland (1828-1902).

Conolly Thomas McCausland was [[High Sheriff of County Londonderry]] in 1866. He married Laura St John, daughter of [[St Andrew St John, 15th Baron St John of Bletso|the 15th Baron St John of Bletso]]. Their son, Maurice Marcus McCausland (1872-1938), lived through the [[Irish Land Acts]], whereby the Government compulsorily purchased 75% of the estate.  Their daughter, Laura, married Reginald Gibbs and was the mother of [[Michael McCausland Gibbs]] (1900-1962), an eminent Anglican clergyman.

Maurice's son, Conolly Robert McCausland (1906-1968) fought in the [[Second World War]] and was reportedly so deeply moved by what he had witnessed that he was received into the [[Roman Catholic]] faith, despite knowing he had signed a codicil to his father's will barring him from inheriting should he become a Catholic. The will was contested and was found valid, although the codicil applied only to Conolly Robert, not to any of his direct descendants. So, upon the death of Conolly Robert McCausland in 1968, his son Marcus Edgcumbe McCausland (1933-1972) inherited Drenagh.<ref>{{cite web |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101015210212/http://www.drenagh.com/the-estate/ |title=The Estate |url=http://www.drenagh.com/the-estate/ |archivedate=15 October 2010 |publisher=Drenagh}}</ref> On 4 March 1972, this same Captain Marcus McCausland, aged 39, a retired Catholic member of the [[Ulster Defence Regiment]], became the first UDR soldier murdered by the [[Official Irish Republican Army]] (OIRA). He was shot dead by the Braehead Road in Derry.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/places/creggan/mcguinness00.htm |publisher=Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN) Web Service |title=Creggan: more than a history}}</ref> In 2014, the McCausland family were forced to place Drenagh on the market, but following the partial sale of the estate the family were able to retain ownership of Drenagh.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/business/news/country-estate-is-returned-to-family-after-land-deal-30946238.html |work=Belfast Telegraph |title=Country estate is returned to family after land deal |date=29 January 2015}}</ref>

On 5 May 1943 a [[Royal Air Force]] [[Vickers Wellington]] (LB241) crashed on the estate grounds shortly after taking off from [[RAF Limavady]]; all six crew died.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rafcommands.com/database/wardead/details.php?qnum=69539|title=Sergeant R W DUPEN (1335043), Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve) &#91;Royal Air Force WW2 Casualty &#93;}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ww2ni.com/countylondonderrypt2.htm | title=Second World War in Northern Ireland }}</ref>

==Gardens==
The wooded demesne dates from the 18th century and is partly walled. There are [[Terrace (gardening)|terraced gardens]] in the Italian style, an [[arboretum]], and a fountain inspired by one at the [[Villa d'Este]], near Rome. The Moon Garden and Orbit Garden date from the 1960s and show Chinese and Arts & Crafts influences.  The site is included on the [[Register of Parks, Gardens and Demesnes of Special Historic Interest]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Register of Parks, Gardens and Demesnes of Special Historic Interest|url=https://www.communities-ni.gov.uk/sites/default/files/publications/doe/register-park-garden-demesnes-special-historic-interest.pdf|publisher=Department for Communities}}</ref>

==External links==
*[http://www.drenagh.com Official website]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord|55|03|19|N|6|55|20|W|type:landmark_region:GB|display=title}}

[[Category:Buildings and structures in County Londonderry]]
[[Category:Register of Parks, Gardens and Demesnes of Special Historic Interest]]
[[Category:Grade A listed buildings]]
[[Category:Country houses in Northern Ireland]]
[[Category:Aviation accidents and incidents locations in Northern Ireland]]