Editing Drain, Oregon

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Drain, Oregon
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|motto                    = Gateway to the Pacific<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.drainoregon.org/ | title = Drain, Oregon | access-date = 2008-11-27}}</ref>
|image_skyline            = Charles and Anna Drain House (Drain, Oregon) - cropped.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = [[Charles and Anna Drain House]]
|image_map = Douglas_County_Oregon_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Drain_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location in [[Oregon]]
<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = Country
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Oregon]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Oregon|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Douglas County, Oregon|Douglas]]
<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              = 
|established_title        = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date         = 1887
<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer/5/query?where=STATE='41'&outFields=NAME,STATE,PLACE,AREALAND,AREAWATER,LSADC,CENTLAT,CENTLON&orderByFields=PLACE&returnGeometry=false&returnTrueCurves=false&f=json|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=October 12, 2022}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.63
|area_total_km2           = 1.64
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.63
|area_land_km2            = 1.64
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_note          = 
|population_total         = 1172
|population_density_km2   = 714.73
|population_density_sq_mi = 1851.50
<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Pacific Standard Time Zone|Pacific]]
|utc_offset               = &minus;8
|timezone_DST             = Pacific
|utc_offset_DST           = &minus;7
|coordinates              = {{coord|43|39|44|N|123|18|52|W|type:city(1075)_region:US-OR_source:gnis-1166647|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_ft             = 289
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
<!-- Area/postal codes and others -->
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 97435
|area_code                = [[Area code 541|541]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 41-20500<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2410354<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410354}}</ref>
|website                  = [http://www.cityofdrain.org/ www.cityofdrain.org]
|footnotes                = 
}}
'''Drain''' is a city in [[Douglas County, Oregon|Douglas County]], [[Oregon]], United States. The population was 1,151 at the 2010 census. Drain is named after town founder and politician [[Charles Drain (pioneer)|Charles J. Drain]], who donated {{convert|60|acre}} of nearby land to the [[Oregon and California Railroad]] in 1871.<ref name=Oregon>Corning, Howard M. (1989). ''Dictionary of Oregon History''. Portland, Oregon: Binfords & Mort Publishing. p. 76. {{ISBN|0832304492}}.</ref>

==History==
In 1876, a coach road was established between Drain and [[Scottsburg, Oregon|Scottsburg]]. Drain was the starting point for the [[Drain-Coos Bay stage line]], which ran to Scottsburg and then by river steamer to Gardiner and the beach on the south side of the mouth of the [[Umpqua River]].<ref name = DCC>Guyer, R. J., ''Douglas County Chronicles &ndash; History from the Land of One Hundred Valleys'', History Press (2013) {{ISBN|978-1609497651}} at pages 44–45.</ref>

The Drain Normal School was founded in the community in 1883 by the [[Methodist Church]]. The state took over the school in 1885 and named it as the Central Oregon State Normal School, before it closed in June 1908.<ref name=Oregon/>

== Geography and climate==
[[File:Normal school in Drain, Oregon, 1902.png|thumb|left|Drain Normal School in 1902]]
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.61|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all of it land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-12-21 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref>

Drain is at the crossroads of [[Oregon Route 99]] and [[Oregon Route 38]], at a pass in the [[Southern Oregon Coast Range|Coast Range]], on the way west to the [[Pacific Ocean]].

[[Elk Creek (Umpqua River)|Elk Creek]] and Pass Creek, both tributaries of the Umpqua River, converge in Drain.

[[Pass Creek Bridge]], a covered bridge in a park behind the Drain Civic Center, was formerly a road bridge. In 1987, the city moved the structure to the park and opened it to pedestrian traffic only. In 2014, the city completely closed the bridge, made unsafe by rotting support timbers.<ref name="Oregon Encyclopedia">{{cite encyclopedia|last=Pettit|first=Daniel K.|title=Pass Creek Covered Bridge|url=http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/articles/pass_creek_covered_bridge/#.Vva9YHrWB-w|encyclopedia=The Oregon Encyclopedia|year=2016|publisher=Portland State University and the Oregon Historical Society|access-date=March 26, 2016}}</ref>

Drain, like most of western Oregon, has a [[Mediterranean climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen ''Csb'']]) with dry summers featuring cool mornings and hot afternoons, and chilly, if not severe, wet winters. Occasionally during the winter a cold air mass from the interior will cross the Cascades to bring very cold weather and frost, although Drain gets very little snow with a mean of {{convert|1.7|in|m|3|disp=or}}, a monthly maximum of {{convert|21.9|in|m|2}} in January 1950, and a season maximum of {{convert|23.2|in|m|2}} in 1970/1971. The coldest month was January 1930 with a mean of {{convert|31.3|F|C|1}}, whilst January 1949 with {{convert|31.9|F|C|1}} is the only other subfreezing month. The coldest temperature ever recorded in Drain is {{convert|0|F|C|1}} on January 22, 1962. Rainfall in winter is usually heavy: the wettest month on record is December 1955 which totalled {{convert|21.93|in|mm|1}}, whilst the wettest "rain year" since 1903 has been from July 1973 to June 1974 with {{convert|71.08|in|mm|1}} and the driest from July 1976 to June 1977 with {{convert|23.76|in|mm|1}}. The most precipitation in a single day has been {{convert|7.70|in|mm|1}} on January 18, 1951.

During the summer months, days are usually hot and clear, whilst nights are cool: in the summer of 2003 only {{convert|0.21|in|mm|1}} of rain fell over the three months, and in 1951 no measurable precipitation occurred for ninety-five days between May 24 and August 26. When a continental airflow occurs, the weather can become extremely hot: on July 31, 2015, a record {{convert|109|F|C|1}} was recorded; however, the cool nights have allowed for frost-level temperatures as low as {{convert|31|F|C|1}} on June 10 of 1916 and {{convert|30|F|C|1}} on August 28 of 1905.

{{Weather box
 | width       = auto
 | collapsed   = yes
 | single line = yes
 | location    = Drain, Oregon (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1902–present)
 | Jan record high F  = 73
 | Feb record high F  = 79
 | Mar record high F  = 86
 | Apr record high F  = 95
 | May record high F  = 103
 | Jun record high F  = 112
 | Jul record high F  = 109
 | Aug record high F  = 107
 | Sep record high F  = 106
 | Oct record high F  = 96
 | Nov record high F  = 77
 | Dec record high F  = 75
 | year record high F = 
 | Jan high F = 50.5
 | Feb high F = 54.5
 | Mar high F = 59.0
 | Apr high F = 63.7
 | May high F = 70.7
 | Jun high F = 76.1
 | Jul high F = 84.8
 | Aug high F = 85.7
 | Sep high F = 80.3
 | Oct high F = 67.8
 | Nov high F = 55.3
 | Dec high F = 48.8
 | year high F = 66.4
 | Jan mean F = 42.6
 | Feb mean F = 44.8
 | Mar mean F = 47.8
 | Apr mean F = 51.5
 | May mean F = 57.2
 | Jun mean F = 62.0
 | Jul mean F = 68.1
 | Aug mean F = 68.2
 | Sep mean F = 63.3
 | Oct mean F = 54.8
 | Nov mean F = 46.9
 | Dec mean F = 41.8
 | year mean F = 54.1
 | Jan low F = 34.8
 | Feb low F = 35.1
 | Mar low F = 36.5
 | Apr low F = 39.3
 | May low F = 43.8
 | Jun low F = 47.9
 | Jul low F = 51.5
 | Aug low F = 50.7
 | Sep low F = 46.2
 | Oct low F = 41.7
 | Nov low F = 38.6
 | Dec low F = 34.9
 | year low F = 41.7
 | Jan record low F  = 0
 | Feb record low F  = 4
 | Mar record low F  = 18
 | Apr record low F  = 22
 | May record low F  = 25
 | Jun record low F  = 31
 | Jul record low F  = 34
 | Aug record low F  = 30
 | Sep record low F  = 25
 | Oct record low F  = 16
 | Nov record low F  = 12
 | Dec record low F  = 1
 | year record low F = 
 | precipitation colour   = green
 | Jan precipitation inch = 7.31
 | Feb precipitation inch = 5.49
 | Mar precipitation inch = 5.44
 | Apr precipitation inch = 4.25
 | May precipitation inch = 2.69
 | Jun precipitation inch = 1.24
 | Jul precipitation inch = 0.33
 | Aug precipitation inch = 0.42
 | Sep precipitation inch = 1.42
 | Oct precipitation inch = 3.51
 | Nov precipitation inch = 6.96
 | Dec precipitation inch = 8.54
 | year precipitation inch = 47.60
 | unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
 | Jan precipitation days  = 19.9
 | Feb precipitation days  = 17.0
 | Mar precipitation days  = 19.4
 | Apr precipitation days  = 14.3
 | May precipitation days  = 12.0
 | Jun precipitation days  = 8.0
 | Jul precipitation days  = 2.4
 | Aug precipitation days  = 2.5
 | Sep precipitation days  = 6.0
 | Oct precipitation days  = 13.4
 | Nov precipitation days  = 20.0
 | Dec precipitation days  = 20.1
 | year precipitation days = 158.0
 | Jan snow inch = 0.0
 | Feb snow inch = 0.0
 | Mar snow inch = 0.0
 | Apr snow inch = 0.0
 | May snow inch = 0.0
 | Jun snow inch = 0.0
 | Jul snow inch = 0.0
 | Aug snow inch = 0.0
 | Sep snow inch = 0.0
 | Oct snow inch = 0.0
 | Nov snow inch = 0.0
 | Dec snow inch = 0.0
 | year snow inch = 0.0
 | unit snow days = 0.1 in
 | Jan snow days  = 0.3
 | Feb snow days  = 0.1
 | Mar snow days  = 0.0
 | Apr snow days  = 0.0
 | May snow days  = 0.0
 | Jun snow days  = 0.0
 | Jul snow days  = 0.0
 | Aug snow days  = 0.0
 | Sep snow days  = 0.0
 | Oct snow days  = 0.0
 | Nov snow days  = 0.1
 | Dec snow days  = 0.2
 | year snow days = 0.7
 | source = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration|NOAA]]<ref name="NOWData">{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=mfr
|title = NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = December 9, 2023}}</ref><ref name="NCEI">{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00352406&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|title = Summary of Monthly Normals 1991-2020
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|access-date = December 9, 2023}}</ref>
}}

== Demographics ==
{{US Census population
|1880= 188
|1900= 193
|1910= 335
|1920= 607
|1930= 497
|1940= 597
|1950= 1150
|1960= 1052
|1970= 1204
|1980= 1148
|1990= 1011
|2000= 1021
|2010= 1151
|2020= 1172
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name="USCensusDecennial2020CenPopScriptOnly">{{cite web|url=https://api.census.gov/data/2020/dec/pl?get=P1_001N,NAME&for=place:*&in=state:41&key=5ccd0821c15d9f4520e2dcc0f8d92b2ec9336108|title=Census Population API|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=Oct 12, 2022}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]] of 2010, there were 1,151 people, 454 households, and 319 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1886.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 492 housing units at an average density of {{convert|806.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 92.9% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 2.7% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.3% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 1.0% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 3.0% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 4.4% of the population.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-12-21}}</ref>

There were 454 households, of which 33.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 50.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.6% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.7% were non-families. 22.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 2.95.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

The median age in the city was 39.5 years. 25.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.1% were from 25 to 44; 26.6% were from 45 to 64; and 16.4% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.8% male and 51.2% female.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

===2000 census===
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,021 people, 397 households, and 289 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,879.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 441 housing units at an average density of {{convert|811.6|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 90.60% White, 0.10% African American, 2.64% Native American, 0.49% Asian, 0.29% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 1.57% from other races, and 4.31% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.33% of the population.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

There were 397 households, out of which 36.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.7% were married couples living together, 13.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 27.0% were non-families. 22.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.02.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

In the city, the population was spread out, with 26.7% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 23.8% from 45 to 64, and 13.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.5 males.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

The median income for a household in the city was $27,833, and the median income for a family was $34,231. Males had a median income of $30,278 versus $20,063 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $13,810. About 8.6% of families and 10.3% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 10.3% of those under age 18 and 7.0% of those age 65 or over.<ref name ="wwwcensusgov"/>

== Newspapers ==
The ''Drain'' ''Echo'' was the town's first newspaper. It was founded by E. W. Kuykendall<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=The Drain Nonpareil (Dain, Duglas [i.e. Drain, Douglas] County, Or.) 1901-1914 |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/sn96088028 |access-date=2025-02-07 |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref> in 1885.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Drain Echo (Drain, Douglas County, Or.) 1885-18?? |url=https://www.loc.gov/item/sn96088031 |access-date=2025-02-07 |website=Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 20540 USA}}</ref> A decade later it merged with the ''Cottage Grove Leader'' in 1895 to form the ''Echo-Leader'' and ceased two years later. Miss Laura E. Jones started the ''North Douglas'' ''Watchman'' in 1898 and it was discontinued after three years.<ref name="turnbull39wheeler">{{cite book |last=Turnbull |first=George S. |author-link=George Stanley Turnbull |title=[[wikisource:en:History of Oregon Newspapers|History of Oregon Newspapers]] |publisher=[[Binfords and Mort]] |year=1939 |chapter=[[wikisource:en:History of Oregon Newspapers/Douglas County|Douglas County]]}}</ref> The ''Drain'' ''Nonpareil''  founded by A. T. Fetter was published from 1901 to 1914.<ref name=":0" /> W. A. Priaulx founded ''[[The Drain Enterprise]]'' on May 4, 1922. The Anderson family bought the ''Enterprise'' in 1950<ref>{{Cite news |date=October 30, 1950 |title=Salem Printers Buy Drain Paper |work=The Oregonian |pages=24 |publication-place=Portland, Oregon}}</ref> and operated it for three generations until closing the paper in 2015.<ref>{{Cite web |last=May |first=Caitlyn |date=January 31, 2019 |title=Returned: How Douglas County lost and regained its libraries |url=https://www.oregonhumanities.org/rll/beyond-the-margins/returned/ |access-date=2025-02-05 |website=Oregon Humanities |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category|Drain, Oregon}}
* [https://sos.oregon.gov/blue-book/Pages/local/cities/a-d/drain.aspx Entry for Drain] in the ''[[Oregon Blue Book]]''
* [http://photos.salemhistory.net/cdm4/results.php?CISOOP1=any&CISOBOX1=Drain%2C+Oregon&CISOFIELD1=CISOSEARCHALL&CISOROOT=all Historic images of Drain from Salem Public Library]

{{Douglas County, Oregon}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Oregon]]
[[Category:Cities in Douglas County, Oregon]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1887]]
[[Category:1887 establishments in Oregon]]