Editing Dornier Do 335

{{short description|Fighter aircraft family by Dornier}}
{{Infobox aircraft
| name                 = Do 335 ''Pfeil''
| image                = Dornier Pfeil2.jpg
| aircraft_type                 = [[Fighter-bomber]]
| national_origin      = Nazi Germany
| manufacturer         = [[Dornier Flugzeugwerke]]
| first_flight         = 26 October 1943
| introduction           = 1944
| retired              = 1945
| status               = Retired
| primary_user         = ''[[Luftwaffe]]''
| produced             = 1944–1945
| number_built         = 37<ref>Wilson 1998, p. 56.</ref>
}}

The '''Dornier Do 335''' ''Pfeil'' (Arrow) is a [[heavy fighter]] built by [[Dornier Flugzeugwerke|Dornier]] for Germany during [[World War II]]. The ''Pfeil''{{'}}s performance was predicted to be better than other twin-engine designs due to its unusual [[push-pull configuration]] and the lower [[aerodynamic drag]] of the in-line alignment of the two engines. It is considered [[Fastest propeller-driven aircraft|one of the fastest]] piston-engined aircraft ever<ref>{{cite web |title=Dornier Do 335 A Pfeil at the Udvar-Hazy Center |publisher=Smithsonian Institution |url=https://airandspace.si.edu/multimedia-gallery/2006-853hjpg |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250330025744/https://airandspace.si.edu/multimedia-gallery/2006-853hjpg |archive-date=2025-03-30 |quote=The unique Dornier Do 335 Pfeil (Arrow) was among the fastest piston-engine aircraft ever built.}}</ref> and was Nazi Germany's fastest piston-engined aircraft of World War II.<ref>{{cite book|last=Smith|first=J. Richard|title=Dornier Do 335: The Luftwaffe's Fastest Piston-Engine Fighter|publisher=Classic Publications|year=2007|isbn=9781903223673}}</ref>{{page needed|date=July 2015}} The ''[[Luftwaffe]]'' was desperate to get the design into operational use, but delays in engine deliveries meant that only a handful were delivered before the war ended.

The Do 335 was originally designed as a [[Schnellbomber]]. It could reach speeds of around 800 km/h in level flight, and could outrun most of the military aircraft in service at the time, with only first generation jet fighters being faster.

==Design and development==
The origin of the Do 335 goes back to [[World War I]] when [[Claude Dornier]] designed a number of [[flying boat]]s with tandem engines. These were used on most of the multi-engined Dornier flying boats that followed, including the highly successful [[Dornier Do J|Do J]] ''Wal'' and the gigantic [[Dornier Do X|Do X]].
The main advantage of this arrangement is the reduced drag due to the smaller frontal area. It also keeps the weight of the twin powerplants near, or on, the aircraft centerline, increasing the [[Yaw, pitch, and roll|roll rate]] compared to a traditional twin. In addition, a single engine failure does not lead to [[asymmetric thrust]], and in normal flight there is no net torque, so the aircraft is easier to handle. The ventral  [[Vertical stabilizer|fin]]–[[rudder]] of the [[cruciform tail]] protected the rear propeller from  accidentally striking on takeoff. The presence of the rear pusher propeller also necessitated the provision for an [[ejection seat]] for safe escape from a damaged aircraft, and designing the rear propeller and dorsal fin mounts to use explosive bolts to jettison them before an ejection was attempted – as well as twin canopy jettison levers, one per side<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/images13/16.jpg |title=NASM's restored Do 335A's cockpit, displaying the starboard-side example of the twin canopy jettison levers |access-date=2014-03-25 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923202043/http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/images13/16.jpg |url-status=dead }}</ref> located to either side of the forward cockpit interior just below the sills of the five-panel windscreen's sides, to jettison the canopy from atop the cockpit before ejection.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Dornier%20Do%20335%20Pfeil.htm |title=Century of Flight - German Aircraft of World War Two - Dornier Do 335 Pfeil |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |website=www.century-of-flight.net |publisher=Century of Flight |access-date=2014-03-25 |archive-date=2007-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111141212/http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Dornier%20Do%20335%20Pfeil.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1939, Dornier, reviving a principle he had patented in 1937,{{Sfn | Munson | 1978 | p =  47}} was  working on the '''P.59''' high-speed bomber project, which used the tandem engine layout. In 1940, he commissioned a test aircraft, closely modeled on the airframe of the early versions of the [[Dornier Do 17]] bomber but only 40% of the size, with no aerodynamic bodies of any sort on the wing panels (the Do 17 had twin engine nacelles on its wings) and fitted with a retractable [[tricycle landing gear]] to validate his concept for turning the rear [[Pusher configuration|pusher]] propeller with an engine located far away from it, through the use of a long tubular driveshaft. This aircraft, the [[Göppingen Gö 9]],{{sfn|Creek|Smith|2018|p=46}} showed no unforeseen difficulties with this arrangement, but work on the P.59 was stopped in early 1940 when [[Hermann Göring]]{{Citation needed|date=February 2008}} ordered the cancellation of all projects that would not be completed within a year or so.

In May 1942, Dornier submitted an updated version with a {{cvt|1000|kg}} bomb load as the '''P.231''', in response to a requirement for a single seat, ''[[Schnellbomber]]''-like high-speed bomber/intruder. The P.231 proposal was selected as the winner after beating rival designs from [[Arado Flugzeugwerke|Arado]], [[Junkers]], and [[Blohm & Voss BV 155|Blohm & Voss]]. A development contract was awarded, by the RLM issuing the Dornier firm the airframe approval number [[List of RLM aircraft designations#301-400|''8-335'']], for what would become known as the Do 335. In autumn 1942, Dornier was told that the Do 335 was no longer required, and instead a multi-role [[Fighter aircraft|fighter]] based on the same general layout would be accepted. This delayed the prototype delivery as it was modified for the new role.

[[File:Dornier Do 335 (1944), prototype (Dia 240-226).jpg|thumb|left|A Do 335 prototype in flight]]
[[File:Oberpfaffenhofen Do-335s.jpg|thumb|Do-335s on the apron at [[Oberpfaffenhofen]] at the war's end, including unfinished two-seat versions]]

When fitted with [[Daimler-Benz DB 603|DB 603A]] engines delivering {{cvt|1,750|PS|kW hp}} it had a pair of the largest inverted V12 aircraft engines mass-produced during the Third Reich's existence. The Do 335 V1 first prototype '''CP+UA''', flew on 26 October 1943 under the control of ''[[Flugkapitän]]'' [[Hans Dieterle]], a regular [[Heinkel]] test pilot and later primary Dornier test pilot. However, several problems during the initial flight of the Do 335 would continue to plague the aircraft through most of its short history. Issues were found with the weak [[landing gear]] and with the main gear's wheel well doors, resulting in them being removed for the remainder of the V1's test flights. The Do 335 V1 made 27 flights, flown by three different pilots. During these test flights the second prototype, V2 (''Werk Nr'' 230002) CP+UB, was completed and made its first flight on 31 December 1943, again under the control of Dieterle. New to the V2 were upgraded DB 603A-2 engines, and several refinements learned from the test flights of the V1 as well as further windtunnel testing. On 20 January 1944, the Do 335 V3 (''W.Nr.'' 230004), CP+UC was completed and flown for its first time by Werner Altrogge. The V3 was powered by the new pre-production DB 603G-0 engines which could produce {{convert|1900|PS|kW|abbr=on}} at take-off and featured a slightly redesigned canopy which included twin rear-view mirrors in blisters, one in each of two matching side panels of the well-framed, eleven-panel main canopy's openable section. Following the flights of the V3, in mid January 1944, RLM ordered five more prototypes (V21–V25), to be built as night fighters. By this time, more than 60 hours of flight time had been put on the Do 335 and reports showed it to be a good handling, but more importantly, very fast aircraft, described by ''[[Generalfeldmarschall]]'' [[Erhard Milch]] himself as "...holding its own in speed and altitude with the [[Lockheed P-38 Lightning|P-38]] and it does not suffer from engine reliability issues". The Do 335 was scheduled to begin mass construction, with the initial order of 120 preproduction aircraft to be manufactured by ''Dornier-Werke [[Friedrichshafen]]'' (DWF) to be completed no later than March 1946. This number included a number of bombers, destroyers (heavy fighters), and several yet to be developed variants. At the same time,  ''Dornier-Werke [[München]]'' (DWM) was scheduled to build over 2,000 Do 335s in various models, due for delivery in March 1946 as well.

[[File:Dornier Do 335 (1944), prototype (Dia 240-225).jpg|thumb|right|One of the prototypes under tow, date unknown]]
On 23 May 1944, [[Adolf Hitler|Hitler]], as part of the developing ''[[Emergency Fighter Program|Jägernotprogramm]]'' (Emergency Fighter Program) directive, which took effect on 3 July, ordered maximum priority to be given to Do 335 production. The main production line was intended to be at [[Manzell]], but a bombing raid in March destroyed the tooling and forced Dornier to set up a new line at [[Oberpfaffenhofen]]. The decision was made, along with the rapid shut-down of many other military aircraft development programs, to cancel the [[Heinkel He 219]] [[night fighter]], which also used the DB 603 engines (in well-[[Kraftei|unitized installations]]), and use its production facilities for the Do 335 as well. However, [[Ernst Heinkel]] managed to delay, and eventually ignore, its implementation, continuing to produce examples of the He 219A.

At least 16 prototype Do 335s were known to have flown (V1–V12, W.Nr 230001-230012 and ''Muster''-series prototypes M13–M17, W.Nr 230013–230017) on a number of DB603 engine subtypes including the DB 603A, A-2, G-0, E and E-1. The first preproduction Do 335 (A-0s) starting with W.Nr 240101, ''Stammkennzeichen'' VG+PG, were delivered in July 1944. Approximately 22 preproduction aircraft were thought to have been completed and flown before the end of the war, including approximately 11 A-0s converted to A-11s for training purposes. One such aircraft was transferred to the [[Royal Aircraft Establishment]] at [[Farnborough Airport|Farnborough]], and later, after a rear-engine fire burnt through the elevator controls during a flight, crashed onto a local school.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Smith|first1=Joshua|title=Farnborough Air Sciences Trust Museum uncovers secrets behind a plane which crashed on Cove school |url=http://www.gethampshire.co.uk/news/local-news/farnborough-air-sciences-trust-museum-10804711|website=GetHampshire |publisher=Aldershot News & Mail Series |access-date=1 February 2016 |ref=Smith |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160201094738/http://www.gethampshire.co.uk/news/local-news/farnborough-air-sciences-trust-museum-10804711|archive-date=1 February 2016}}</ref>

==Flight tests==
[[File:Dornier Do 335 A (15083492358).jpg|thumb|Do 335 tested in the US, and today the only surviving example]]

The first 10 '''Do 335 A-0'''s were delivered for testing in May 1944. Do 335 V3, (T9+ZH), W.Nr. 230003 was delivered to the Luftwaffe's experimental reconnaissance unit, 1./Versuchsverband OKL, in late May. However, it suffered constant problems and was returned to Dornier in September.{{sfn|Creek|Smith|2018|p=162}} By late 1944, the '''Do 335 A-1''' was on the production line. It was similar to the A-0 but with the uprated DB 603E-1 engines of around {{cvt|1324|kW}} take-off power rating  on 87 octane fuel,<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161022011756/http://www.fischer-tropsch.org/primary_documents/gvt_reports/MofFP/ger_syn_ind/mof-secth.pdf Archived Fischer-Tropsch.org pdf file (extract) pp.119–120.] Retrieved:27 March 2019.</ref> and two underwing [[hardpoint]]s for additional [[bomb]]s, [[drop tank]]s or guns. It had a maximum speed of {{cvt|763|km/h}} at    {{cvt|6500|m}} with [[MW 50]] boost, or {{cvt|686|km/h}} without boost, and climbed to {{cvt|8000|m}} in under 15 minutes. Even with one engine out, it reached about {{cvt|563|km/h}}.{{Citation needed|reason=actual numbers should be verifiable|date=December 2017}}

==Operational History==

Delivery commenced in January 1945. When the [[United States Army]] overran the Oberpfaffenhofen factory in late April 1945, only 11 Do 335 A-1 single-seat [[fighter-bomber]]s and two Do 335 A-12 [[Trainer (aircraft)|trainers]] had been completed.  The two-seater trainer version was called ''Ameisenbär'' ("anteater").

French ace [[Pierre Clostermann]] claimed the first Allied combat encounter with a ''Pfeil'' in April 1945. He described leading a flight of four [[Hawker Tempest]]s from [[No. 3 Squadron RAF]] over northern Germany when they came across an unknown aircraft whose description matched the Do 335's, flying at maximum speed at treetop level. Detecting the British aircraft, the German pilot reversed course to evade. Two pilots fired on the Dornier but Clostermann, despite the Tempests' considerable low altitude speed, decided not to attempt to chase it as it was obviously much faster.<ref>{{Citation | last = Clostermann | first = Pierre | author-link = Pierre Clostermann | title = The Big Show | pages = 273–74}}</ref>

On 26 April 1945, the Do 335 V9, which was still at [[Rechlin]], was test-flown by [[Oberleutnant]] Heinrich Schild. Later that day he escorted [[Hanna Reitsch]] and General der Flieger [[Robert von Greim]]'s  flight to [[Berlin-Gatow]]. After arriving at Gatow, Reitsch and von Greim commandeered a [[Fieseler]] [[Fi 156]] Storch and flew to Hitler's bunker.{{sfn|Creek|Smith|2018|p=168}} Also on 26 April, Fliegerstabsing. Heinz Fischer attempted to fly Do 335 V9 from Rechlin to [[Switzerland]]. Due to a compass failure, he strayed over [[France]] and ran out of fuel. Both the ejector seat and the tail jettison mechanism failed and he had to bail out over the [[Vosges]] mountains.{{sfn|Creek|Smith|2018|p=95}}

==Proposed developments==
===Do 635===
In 1944, [[Junkers]] helped Dornier with work on the Do 335 Zwilling or Dornier Do 635. This consisted of two Do 335 fuselages joined by a common centre wing section, with two Rb 50 cameras in the port fuselage for aerial photography. Armament was confined to provision for five {{convert|60|kg|lb|abbr=on}} photo-flash bombs.  A meeting was arranged between Junkers and [[Heinkel]] engineers, and after the meeting, they began work on the project, named 1075 01–21. The designer, Professor [[Heinrich Hertel]], planned a test flight in late 1945. At the end of 1944, the Germans reviewed aircraft designs with the Japanese military. Among other projects, the Do 635 impressed the Japanese military with its capabilities and design.  The mainwheels were common with [[Junkers Ju 352|Ju 352]] wheels.  It was also intended that two monopropellant [[Walter HWK 109-500|Walter ''Starthilfe'']] [[RATOG]] units would be fitted. In early 1945, a wind-tunnel model was tested, and a cockpit mockup was constructed. Following an order from the '''Rüstungsstab''' on the 15 March, it was decided that Junkers continue with the project, but only by using the simplest production methods. However, none had been completed by the wars end.{{sfn|Creek|Smith|2018|p=178}}

===P 256===
The P 256 was to meet a ''Luftwaffe'' requirement issued 27 February 1945. It was designed to carry a crew of three (pilot, radar operator, and navigator), with pilot and radar operator together under the canopy, while the navigator was in the fuselage, an idea copied from [[Arado Flugzeugwerke|Arado]]. Departing from centerline thrust, it was to have two [[Heinkel HeS 011]] engines of {{cvt|12.7|kN|lbf}} each, podded under the wings in the fashion of the [[Messerschmitt Me 262|Me 262]]. The low-mounted wing was unswept, and had an [[aspect ratio]] of 5.8:1.<ref name=Schick>{{cite book |last1=Schick |first1=Walter |last2=Meyer |first2=Ingolf |title=Luftwaffe secret projects : fighters 1939–1945 |date=1997 |publisher=Midland Pub. |location=Hinckley, England |isbn=1857800524 |page=123}}</ref> Designed armament was four {{cvt|30|mm}} [[MK 108 cannon|MK 108]] cannon in the nose.<ref name=Schick/> A field conversion kit was to retrofit two MK 108s in a ''[[Schräge Musik]]'' configuration.<ref name=Schick/> A fighter-bomber variant would have carried two {{cvt|500|kg}} bombs. Its loaded weight would have included {{cvt|3750|kg}} of fuel, giving a wing loading of {{cvt|276|kg/m2}}. Maximum speed was achieved at {{cvt|8000|m}}, maximum range at {{cvt|6000|m}}. Endurance with {{cvt|4000|kg}} fuel was calculated as 2.6 hours.<ref name=Schick/> Its electronics would have included FuG 24SE with ZVG 24, FuG 29, FuG 25a or c, and FuG 244 ''Bremen'' with ''Gnome'' weapon triggers.<ref name=Schick/> Criticized for having poor cross-sectional area and unduly large tail surfaces, it was not adopted.<ref name=Schick/>

==Variants==
[[File:Pfeiludvarsummer2013.jpg|thumb|Dornier Do 335 240 102 on display at the [[Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center]] in [[Chantilly, Virginia]]]]
;Built
* '''Do 335 A-0''' : 10 pre-production aircraft.
* '''Do 335 A-1''' : Single-seat fighter-bomber aircraft.
;Proposed
* '''Do 335 A-2''': single-seat fighter-bomber aircraft with new weapon sights, later proposed longer wing and updated {{cvt|1471|kW}} DB603L engines.
* '''Do 335 A-3''': single-seat reconnaissance aircraft built from A-1 aircraft, later proposed with longer wing.
* '''Do 335 A-4''': single-seat reconnaissance aircraft with smaller cameras than the A-3
* '''Do 335 A-5''': single-seat night fighter aircraft, later night and bad weather fighter with enlarged wing and DB603L engines.
* '''Do 335 A-6''': two-seat night fighter aircraft, with completely separate second cockpit located above and behind the original.
* '''Do 335 A-7''': A-6 with longer wing.
* '''Do 335 A-8''': A-4 fitted with longer wing.
* '''Do 335 A-9''': A-4 fitted with longer wing, DB603L engines and pressurized cockpit.
* '''Do 335 A-10''': two seat trainer{{Sfn | Munson | 1978 | p =  47}}
* '''Do 335 A-12''': two seat trainer{{Sfn | Munson | 1978 | p =  47}}
* '''Do 335 B-1''': abandoned in development.
* '''Do 335 B-2''': single-seat destroyer aircraft. Fitted with 2 additional MK 103 in the wings and provision to carry two standard Luftwaffe 300 litre (80 US gal) [[drop tank]]s. Only two prototypes competed{{sfn|Creek|Smith|2018|p=129}} and were known as the Do 335 M13 and M14{{sfn|Creek|Smith|2018|p=136}}
* '''Do 335 B-3''': updated B-1 but with longer wing.
* '''Do 335 B-4''': update of the B-1 with longer wing, DB603L engine.
* '''Do 335 B-6''': night fighter.
* '''Do 335 B-12''': dual-seat trainer version for the B-series aircraft.
* '''Do 435''': a Do 335 with the redesigned, longer wing. Allied intelligence reports from early May 1945 mention spotting a Do 435 at the Dornier factory airfield at Lowenthal.
* '''Do 535''': actually the He 535, once the Dornier P254 design was handed over to Heinkel in October 1944; fitted with jet engine in place of rear piston engine<ref>Christopher, John. ''The Race for Hitler's X-Planes'' (The Mill, Gloucestershire: History Press, 2013), p.179.</ref> 
* '''Do 635''': twin-fuselaged long-range [[Aerial reconnaissance|reconnaissance]] version. Also called Junkers Ju 8-635{{Sfn | Munson | 1978 | p =  47}} or Do 335Z. Mock up only.
* '''P 256''': turbojet nightfighter version, with two podded [[Heinkel HeS 011|HeS 011]] turbojet engines,<ref>{{Citation | last1 = Schick | first1 = Walter | last2 = Meyer | first2 = Ingolf | title = Luftwaffe Secret Projects: Fighters, 1939–45 | place = Leicester | publisher = Midland | year = 1997 | page = 123}}.</ref> based on Do 335 airframe.

==Surviving aircraft==
Only one Do 335 survives, the second preproduction Do 335 A-0, designated '''A-02''', with construction number  240 102=. The aircraft was assembled at the Dornier plant in [[Oberpfaffenhofen]], [[Bavaria]] on 16 April 1945. It was captured by Allied forces on 22 April. It was one of two Do 335s to be shipped to the United States along with other captured German aircraft, to be used for testing and evaluation under a USAAF program called "[[Operation Lusty]]". One Do 335 (registration FE-1012) went to the USAAF and was tested in early 1946 at [[Freeman Field]], [[Indiana]], USA. Its fate is not recorded.

VG+PH went to the Navy for evaluation and was sent to the Test and Evaluation Center, [[Patuxent River Naval Air Station]], [[Maryland]], USA. Following testing from 1945 to 1948, the aircraft languished in outside storage at [[Naval Air Station Norfolk]]. In 1961, it was donated to the Smithsonian's National Air Museum, though it remained in deteriorating condition at Norfolk for several more years before being moved to the [[National Air and Space Museum]]'s [[Paul Garber Restoration Facility|storage facility]] in [[Suitland, Maryland]]. In October 1974, VG+PH was returned to the Dornier plant in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany (then building the [[Dassault-Breguet/Dornier Alpha Jet|Alpha Jet]]) for a complete restoration. In 1975, the aircraft was restored by Dornier employees, many of whom had worked on the airplane originally. They were surprised that the explosive charges built into the aircraft to blow off the dorsal fin and rear propeller prior to pilot ejection were still intact.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Forsyth |first=Robert |title=Dornier Do 335 (X-Planes) |date=2018 |publisher=Osprey |isbn=978-1472828897 |pages=104 |chapter=6 - Assessment and Legacy}}</ref>

Following restoration the completed aircraft was displayed at the [[Hannover, Germany]] Airshow from 1 May to 9 May 1976. After the air show, the aircraft was loaned to the [[Deutsches Museum]] in [[Munich]], where it was on display until 1988, when it was shipped back to Silver Hill, [[Maryland]]. It can be seen today in the [[Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center]] of the [[National Air and Space Museum]] alongside other unique late-war German aircraft, including the only known example of the [[Arado Ar 234]] B-2 ''Blitz'' jet reconnaissance-bomber, and the fully restored fuselage and tail surfaces of the only complete surviving [[Heinkel He 219]]A ''Uhu'' (Eagle-Owl) night fighter.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dornier Do 335 A-0 Pfeil (Arrow)|url=http://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/dornier-do-335-0-pfeil-arrow|website=Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum|access-date=21 November 2016|archive-date=21 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161121172155/https://airandspace.si.edu/collection-objects/dornier-do-335-0-pfeil-arrow|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Lerche|first1=Hans-Werner|title=Der letzte Flug der Do 335|url=http://www.luftfahrttechnisches-museum-rechlin.de/archiv/details-zu/der_letzte_flug_der_do335.html|website=Luftfahrttechnisches Museum Rechlin|access-date=21 November 2016|language=de|date=May 1976}}</ref>

==Specifications (Do 335 A-1)==
[[File:Dornier Do 335.svg|thumb|Drawing]]

{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Aircraft of the Third Reich Volume one,<ref name="Green">{{cite book |last1=Green |first1=William |title=Aircraft of the Third Reich Volume one |date=2010 |publisher=Crecy |location=London |isbn=9781900732062 |pages=288–298}}</ref> Century of Flight : Dornier Do 335 Pfeil<ref name=cof>{{cite web |title=Dornier Do 335 Pfeil |url=http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Dornier%20Do%20335%20Pfeil.htm |website=Century of Flight |access-date=21 November 2016 |archive-date=11 November 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071111141212/http://www.century-of-flight.net/Aviation%20history/photo_albums/timeline/ww2/Dornier%20Do%20335%20Pfeil.htm |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|prime units?=met
<!--General characteristics-->
|crew=1
|capacity=
|length m=13.85
|span m=13.8
|height m=5
|wing area sqm=38.5
|aspect ratio=<!-- sailplanes -->
|airfoil='''root:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 23018-630]]; '''tip:''' [[NACA airfoil|NACA 23012-635]]<ref name="Selig">{{cite web |last1=Lednicer |first1=David |title=The Incomplete Guide to Airfoil Usage |url=https://m-selig.ae.illinois.edu/ads/aircraft.html |website=m-selig.ae.illinois.edu |access-date=16 April 2019}}</ref>
|empty weight kg=7260
|gross weight kg=9600
|gross weight note=<br />
:::'''A-6''' {{cvt|10085|kg}}
|max takeoff weight kg=
|fuel capacity={{cvt|1230|L|USgal impgal}} main fuel tank (single-seat) with various extra tankage in the weapons bay and wings, depending on variant
<!--Powerplant-->
|eng1 number=2
|eng1 name=[[Daimler-Benz DB 603E-1]]
|eng1 type=V-12 inverted liquid-cooled piston engines
|eng1 kw=1342
|eng1 note=for take-off
:::{{cvt|1417|kW}} at {{cvt|1800|m}}
|prop blade number=3
|prop name=VDM
|prop dia m=3.5
|prop dia note=[[Variable-pitch propeller (aeronautics)|constant-speed]] tractor and pusher propellers
<!--Performance-->
|max speed kmh=763
|max speed note=at {{cvt|6500|m}}
:::'''A-6''' {{cvt|690|km/h|mph kn}} at {{cvt|5300|m}}
|cruise speed kmh=685
|cruise speed note=at {{cvt|7200|m}}
*'''Economical cruise speed:''' {{cvt|452|km/h|mph kn}} at {{cvt|6000|m}}
|range km=1395
|range note= on full internal fuel at max. continuous power
:::{{cvt|2060|km|mi nmi}} at economical cruise power
|ceiling m=11400
|time to altitude= {{cvt|1000|m}} in 55 seconds ; {{cvt|8000|m}} in 14 minutes 30 seconds
<!--Armament-->
|guns= 1 × engine mounted {{cvt|30|mm|2}} [[MK 103 cannon]] with 70 rounds plus 2 × {{cvt|20|mm|2}} [[MG 151/20]] cowl-mount, synchronized [[autocannon]] with 200 rpg
|bombs={{cvt|500|kg}} bomb in internal weapons bay and 2 × {{cvt|250|kg}} bombs under the wings}}

==See also==
{{aircontent
|related=
|similar aircraft=
* [[De Havilland Hornet]]
* [[Fokker D.XXIII]]
* [[Grumman F7F Tigercat]]
* [[Kyushu J7W Shinden]]
* [[Mansyū Ki-98]]
* [[Messerschmitt Me 410 Hornisse]] 
* [[Tachikawa Ki-94]]
|lists=
* [[List of aircraft of World War II]]
* [[List of military aircraft of Germany]]
* [[List of fighter aircraft]]
|see also=
}}

==References==
===Notes===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* Angelucci, Enzo. ''The Rand McNally Encyclopedia of Military Aircraft, 1914–1980.'' San Diego, California: The Military Press, 1983. {{ISBN|0-517-41021-4}}.
* {{cite book |last = Munson |first = Kenneth |title = German Aircraft Of World War 2 in colour |location = Poole, Dorset, UK |publisher = Blandford Press |year = 1978 |isbn = 0-7137-0860-3}}
*{{cite magazine|last=Prins|first=François|title=Double-Headed Arrow|magazine=[[Air Enthusiast]]|date=Winter 1993|issue=52|pages=54–59 |issn=0143-5450}} 
*{{cite journal |last1=Receveau|first1=Roger|title=J'ai piloté le Dornier 335|journal=Le Album de Fanatique de l'Aviation |date=June 1970|issue=12|pages=24–25|issn=0757-4169|language=fr|trans-title=I Flew the Dornier 335}}
*{{cite book |last1=Creek |first1=Eddie |last2=Smith |first2=J. |title=Dornier Do 335 Pfeil/Arrow |date=2018 |publisher=Crecy Publishing |isbn=9781906537500 |pages=288}}
* Wilson, Stewart. ''Aircraft of WWII.'' Fyshwick, ACT, Australia: Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd., 1998. {{ISBN|1-875671-35-8}}.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Dornier Do 335}}
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jK8ydLY5QHQ YouTube video of Do 335, containing much WW II-vintage footage of prototype testing]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIjBGyhVcCU YouTube video with additional, original WW II video of the Do 335 in flight/on ground]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pC5sZ7qk5_M German-narrated video retrospective of the Do 335, & Smithsonian's restored Do 335 example coming to the USA]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E6ROSTqm2KQ German-language video of the Do 335A]

{{Dornier aircraft}}
{{RLM aircraft designations}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Dornier aircraft|Do 335]]
[[Category:1940s German fighter aircraft]]
[[Category:Twin-engined push-pull aircraft]]
[[Category:Low-wing aircraft]]
[[Category:Cruciform tail aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft first flown in 1943]]
[[Category:Twin-engined piston aircraft]]
[[Category:Aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear]]