Editing Demographics of Zambia

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is a legitimate description when the title is already adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{More citations needed|date=August 2016}}
{{redirect|Zambian|related topics|Zambia (disambiguation)}}
{{Infobox place demographics|place=[[Zambia]]|size_of_population=19,642,123 (2022 est.)|growth=2.9% (2022 est.)|birth=34.86 births/1,000 population|death=6.12 deaths/1,000 population|life=66.26 years|life_male=64.52 years|life_female=68.06 years|fertility=4.56 children|infant_mortality=37.11 deaths/1,000 live births|net_migration=0.24 migrant(s)/1,000 population|sr_at_birth=1.03 male(s)/female|total_mf_ratio=1 male(s)/female (2022 est.)|nation=Zambian|image=File:Zambia single age population pyramid 2020.png|image_size=350|caption=Population pyramid of Zambia in 2020}}
[[Demography|Demographic]] features of the [[population]] of [[Zambia]] include [[population density]], [[Ethnic group|ethnicity]], [[Educational stage|education level]], health of the populace, [[Economic statistics|economic status]], religious affiliations and others aspects of the [[population]].

Zambia's  youthful population consists primarily of Bantu-speaking people representing nearly 70 different ethnicities. Zambia's high fertility rate continues to drive rapid population growth, averaging almost 3 percent annually between 2000 and 2010. The country's total fertility rate has fallen by less than 1.5 children per woman during the last 30 years and still averages among the world's highest, almost 6 children per woman, largely because of the country's lack of access to family planning services, education for girls, and employment for women. Zambia also exhibits wide fertility [[Health disparities|disparities]] based on rural or urban location, education, and income. Poor, uneducated women from rural areas are more likely to marry young, to give birth early, and to have more children, viewing children as a sign of prestige and recognizing that not all of their children will live to adulthood.

==Population==
{{Historical populations
|type =
|title=Census population
|percentages=pagr
|footnote = Source:<ref>{{cite web |title=2022 Census |url=https://www.zamstats.gov.zm/2022-census/ |website=Zambia Statistics |date=29 December 2023 |access-date=13 January 2024}}</ref>
|1969 | 4056955
|1980 | 5661801
|1990 | 7383097
|2000 | 9855591
|2010 | 13092666
|2022 | 19693423
}}
[[Image:Zambia-demography.png|thumb|250px|Zambia's population (1890–2021).]]
According to {{UN_Population|source}} the total population of Zambia is {{UN_Population|Zambia}} in {{UN_Population|Year}}, compared to only 2,340,000 in 1950. The proportion of children below the age of 15 in 2010 was 46.4%, 50.6% was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 3.1% was 65 years or older.<ref name="WPP 2010">{{cite web|url=http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm |title=2015 Revision of World Population Prospects |website=Esa.un.org |access-date=2016-08-09 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110506065230/http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/index.htm |archive-date=2011-05-06 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!
! style="width:80pt;"|Total population<ref>{{cite web|last1=De Wulf|first1=Martin|title=Zambia 2015|url=http://populationpyramid.net/zambia/2015/|website=Population Pyramids of the World from 1950 to 2100}}</ref>
! style="width:80pt;"|Population aged 0–14 (%)
! style="width:80pt;"|Population aged 15–64 (%)
! style="width:80pt;"|Population aged 65+ (%)
|-
| 1950
|2 340 000||44.9||52.3||2.7
|-
| 1955
|2 653 000||44.7||52.7||2.6
|-
| 1960
|3 045 000||44.9||52.6||2.5
|-
| 1965
|3 537 000||45.2||52.2||2.6
|-
| 1970
|4 139 000||46.4||50.9||2.7
|-
| 1975
|4 900 000||47.0||50.3||2.7
|-
| 1980
|5 775 000||47.3||49.9||2.8
|-
| 1985
|6 785 000||46.6||50.6||2.8
|-
| 1990
|7 860 000||45.8||51.4||2.8
|-
| 1995
|8 919 000||45.3||51.8||2.9
|-
| 2000
|10 202 000||45.3||51.8||2.9
|-
| 2005
|11 462 000||45.9||51.0||3.0
|-
| 2010
|13 089 000||46.4||50.6||3.1
|-
| 2018
|17,351,708||    ||    ||   
|}

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Data based on the 2010 Population Census.):<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/dyb_2020/|title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 8 852 174
| align="right" | 9 033 248 
| align="right" | 17 885 422
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 1 579 231
| align="right" | 1 554 009
| align="right" | 3 133 240
| align="right" | 17.52
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 1 357 442
| align="right" | 1 343 776
| align="right" | 2 701 218
| align="right" | 15.10
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 1 160 256
| align="right" | 1 154 409
| align="right" | 2 314 665
| align="right" | 12.94
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 958 687
| align="right" | 954 923
| align="right" | 1 913 610
| align="right" | 10.70
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 833 604
| align="right" | 851 421
| align="right" | 1 685 025
| align="right" | 9.42
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 693 050
| align="right" | 727 248
| align="right" | 1 420 298
| align="right" | 7.94
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 496 336
| align="right" | 579 946
| align="right" | 1 076 282
| align="right" | 6.02
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 433 030
| align="right" | 493 825
| align="right" | 926 855
| align="right" | 5.18
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 361 566
| align="right" | 362 160
| align="right" | 723 726
| align="right" | 4.05
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 298 359
| align="right" | 283 452
| align="right" | 581 811
| align="right" | 3.25
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 205 799
| align="right" | 193 301
| align="right" | 399 100
| align="right" | 2.23
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 153 109
| align="right" | 160 905
| align="right" | 314 014
| align="right" | 1.76
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 109 330
| align="right" | 123 190
| align="right" | 232 520 
| align="right" | 1.30
|-
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 72 624
| align="right" | 79 062 
| align="right" | 151 686
| align="right" | 0.85
|-
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 54 288
| align="right" | 68 013
| align="right" | 122 301
| align="right" | 0.68
|-
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 35 056
| align="right" | 44 637
| align="right" | 79 693
| align="right" | 0.45
|-
| align="right" | 80+
| align="right" | 50 407
| align="right" | 58 971
| align="right" | 109 378
| align="right" | 0.61
|-
! width="50"|Age group 
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 4 096 929
| align="right" | 4 052 194
| align="right" | 8 149 123
| align="right" | 45.56
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 4 542 870
| align="right" | 4 730 371
| align="right" | 9 273 241
| align="right" | 51.85
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 212 375
| align="right" | 250 683
| align="right" | 463 058
| align="right" | 2.59
|-
|}

==Vital statistics==
[[File:Zambia Population 1950-2021 Forecast 2022-2032 UN World Population Prospects 2022.svg|thumb|250px|[[Population]], [[fertility rate]] and [[net reproduction rate]], United Nations estimates]]
Registration of vital events is in Zambia not complete. The website [[Our World in Data]]  prepared the following estimates based on statistics from the Population Department of the [[United Nations]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Population & Demography Data Explorer |url=https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/population-and-demography?facet=none&Metric=Population&Sex=Both+sexes&Age+group=Total&Projection+Scenario=None&country=~ZMB |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=Our World in Data}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"
|-
!
! style="width:80pt;"|Mid-year population (thousands)
! style="width:80pt;"|Live births (thousands)
! style="width:80pt;"|Deaths (thousands)
! style="width:80pt;"|Natural change (thousands)
! style="width:80pt;"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! style="width:80pt;"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! style="width:80pt;"|Natural change (per 1000)
! style="width:80pt;"|[[Total fertility rate]] (TFR)
! style="width:80pt;"|[[Infant mortality]] (per 1000 live births)
! style="width:80pt;"|[[Life expectancy]] (in years)
|-
|1950
|2 318
|   113
|   46
|   67
|48.6
|19.7
|28.8
|6.62
|135.9
|45.12
|-
|1951
|  2 385
|  116
|  47
|  69
|48.6
|19.7
|28.9
|6.64
|134.9
|45.28
|-
|1952
|  2 454
|  119
|  48
|  72
|48.7
|19.4
|29.2
|6.68
|132.9
|45.68
|-
|1953
|  2 525
|  123
|  48
|  75
|48.8
|19.1
|29.7
|6.72
|130.8
|46.14
|-
|1954
|  2 600
|  127
|  49
|  78
|48.9
|18.9
|30.1
|6.76
|128.9
|46.53
|-
|1955
|  2 677
|  132
|  50
|  82
|49.1
|18.6
|30.5
|6.82
|126.9
|46.95
|-
|1956
|  2 758
|  136
|  51
|  85
|49.3
|18.4
|30.9
|6.87
|124.8
|47.37
|-
|1957
|  2 843
|  141
|  52
|  89
|49.4
|18.1
|31.3
|6.93
|122.8
|47.75
|-
|1958
|  2 931
|  146
|  52
|  93
|49.6
|17.8
|31.8
|6.99
|120.8
|48.23
|-
|1959
|  3 023
|  151
|  53
|  98
|49.8
|17.5
|32.3
|7.06
|118.8
|48.65
|-
|1960
|  3 119
|  156
|  54
|  102
|49.9
|17.3
|32.6
|7.12
|116.9
|49.04
|-
|1961
|  3 219
|  161
|  55
|  106
|50.0
|17.0
|33.0
|7.17
|115.1
|49.45
|-
|1962
|  3 323
|  167
|  56
|  111
|style="color:blue" |50.1
|16.8
|33.3
|7.21
|113.6
|49.79
|-
|1963
|  3 431
|  172
|  57
|  115
|50.0
|16.6
|33.5
|7.25
|112.1
|50.13
|-
|1964
|  3 543
|  177
|  59
|  118
|50.0
|16.7
|33.3
|7.27
|111.7
|49.85
|-
|1965
|  3 658
|  183
|  59
|  123
|49.9
|16.2
|33.6
|7.29
|110.2
|50.56
|-
|1966
|  3 778
|  188
|  61
|  127
|49.7
|16.1
|33.6
|7.30
|109.7
|50.68
|-
|1967
|  3 901
|  194
|  63
|  131
|49.7
|16.0
|33.6
|7.32
|109.4
|50.80
|-
|1968
|  4 029
|  200
|  64
|  136
|49.7
|16.0
|33.7
|7.33
|108.8
|50.86
|-
|1969
|  4 159
|  207
|  66
|  141
|49.7
|15.8
|33.9
|7.35
|107.7
|51.15
|-
|1970
|  4 282
|  214
|  67
|  147
|49.8
|15.5
|34.2
|7.37
|106.0
|51.49
|-
|1971
|  4 400
|  219
|  67
|  152
|49.7
|15.2
|style="color:blue" |34.5
|7.38
|103.6
|52.02
|-
|1972
|  4 524
|  225
|  67
|  158
|49.6
|14.8
|34.9
|style="color:blue" |7.39
|100.8
|52.63
|-
|1973
|  4 653
|  231
|  67
|  164
|49.5
|14.3
|35.2
|7.39
|97.9
|53.30
|-
|1974
|  4 789
|  237
|  67
|  170
|49.3
|13.9
|35.3
|7.38
|95.5
|53.87
|-
|1975
|  4 931
|  244
|  68
|  177
|49.3
|13.7
|style="color:blue" |35.7
|7.39
|93.7
|54.24
|-
|1976
|  5 080
|  250
|  69
|  182
|49.1
|13.4
|35.7
|7.37
|92.8
|54.60
|-
|1977
|  5 233
|  257
|  70
|  187
|48.9
|13.4
|35.5
|7.33
|92.7
|54.71
|-
|1978
|  5 391
|  263
|  72
|  190
|48.6
|13.4
|35.2
|7.29
|93.0
|54.61
|-
|1979
|  5 553
|  269
|  75
|  194
|48.2
|13.4
|34.8
|7.23
|93.3
|54.44
|-
|1980
|  5 720
|  273
|  78
|  196
|47.6
|13.5
|34.1
|7.15
|93.8
|54.14
|-
|1981
|  5 897
|  282
|  80
|  202
|47.7
|13.5
|34.1
|7.10
|94.1
|54.05
|-
|1982
|  6 091
|  291
|  83
|  208
|47.8
|13.6
|34.2
|7.06
|94.6
|53.86
|-
|1983
|  6 291
|  301
|  87
|  214
|47.8
|13.8
|33.9
|7.02
|95.5
|53.39
|-
|1984
|  6 488
|  310
|  92
|  218
|47.7
|14.2
|33.6
|6.98
|97.0
|52.76
|-
|1985
|  6 686
|  321
|  98
|  223
|47.8
|14.6
|33.2
|6.92
|99.0
|51.90
|-
|1986
|  6 891
|  330
|  104
|  226
|47.8
|15.1
|32.8
|6.85
|101.0
|51.06
|-
|1987
|  7 095
|  338
|  110
|  229
|47.6
|15.4
|32.2
|6.77
|102.9
|50.33
|-
|1988
|  7 294
|  347
|  116
|  231
|47.4
|15.8
|31.6
|6.68
|104.4
|49.53
|-
|1989
|  7 491
|  356
|  122
|  234
|47.4
|16.2
|31.2
|6.61
|105.4
|48.70
|-
|1990
|  7 686
|  363
|  128
|  235
|47.1
|16.6
|30.5
|6.53
|106.1
|47.93
|-
|1991
|  7 880
|  372
|  134
|  238
|47.1
|17.0
|30.1
|6.45
|106.6
|47.10
|-
|1992
|  8 074
|  381
|  140
|  241
|47.0
|17.2
|29.8
|6.36
|106.4
|46.51
|-
|1993
|  8 271
|  391
|  144
|  247
|47.1
|17.3
|29.8
|6.32
|105.5
|46.21
|-
|1994
|  8 474
|  401
|  148
|  253
|47.1
|17.4
|29.8
|6.27
|104.0
|45.85
|-
|1995
|  8 684
|  410
|  152
|  258
|47.0
|17.4
|29.6
|6.24
|102.4
|45.55
|-
|1996
|  8 902
|  418
|  156
|  262
|46.8
|17.5
|29.3
|6.18
|100.9
|45.23
|-
|1997
|  9 133
|  425
|  160
|  265
|46.5
|17.5
|29.0
|6.12
|99.5
|44.95
|-
|1998
|  9 372
|  435
|  164
|  271
|46.3
|17.5
|28.8
|6.05
|98.1
|44.70
|-
|1999
|  9 621
|  445
|style="color:red" |  168
|  277
|46.2
|17.4
|28.8
|5.99
|96.4
|44.66
|-
|2000
|  9 891
|  454
|  167
|  287
|45.9
|16.9
|29.0
|5.93
|93.5
|45.23
|-
|2001
|  10 192
|  460
|  164
|  296
|45.2
|16.1
|29.1
|5.86
|89.0
|46.02
|-
|2002
|  10 508
|  470
|  161
|  310
|44.7
|15.3
|29.5
|5.79
|83.5
|46.98
|-
|2003
|  10 838
|  481
|  155
|  326
|44.4
|14.3
|30.1
|5.73
|78.1
|48.28
|-
|2004
|  11 188
|  496
|  150
|  346
|44.3
|13.5
|30.9
|5.72
|72.7
|49.49
|-
|2005
|  11 565
|  511
|  146
|  365
|44.2
|12.7
|31.6
|5.71
|67.8
|50.66
|-
|2006
|  11 972
|  526
|  143
|  384
|44.0
|11.9
|32.1
|5.69
|63.7
|51.80
|-
|2007
|  12 402
|  538
|  141
|  398
|43.5
|11.4
|32.1
|5.61
|60.8
|52.74
|-
|2008
|  12 853
|  552
|  137
|  415
|43.0
|10.7
|32.3
|5.54
|58.3
|53.95
|-
|2009
|  13 318
|  564
|  132
|  431
|42.4
|10.0
|32.4
|5.45
|55.5
|55.30
|-
|2010
|  13 792
|  576
|  127
|  449
|41.8
|9.2
|32.6
|5.36
|52.9
|56.80
|-
|2011
|  14 266
|  587
|  125
|  462
|41.2
|8.8
|32.4
|5.27
|51.6
|57.77
|-
|2012
|  14 745
|  595
|  122
|  473
|40.4
|8.3
|32.1
|5.15
|50.4
|58.87
|-
|2013
|  15 235
|  602
|  119
|  483
|39.5
|7.8
|31.7
|5.03
|48.3
|59.88
|-
|2014
|  15 738
|  607
|  117
|  490
|38.6
|7.4
|31.2
|4.90
|46.7
|60.70
|-
|2015
|  16 248
|  614
|  117
|  498
|37.8
|7.2
|30.6
|4.79
|46.3
|61.21
|-
|2016
|  16 768
|  624
|  116
|  508
|37.2
|6.9
|30.3
|4.71
|44.9
|61.79
|-
|2017
|  17 298
|  633
|  118
|  515
|36.6
|6.8
|29.8
|4.61
|44.5
|62.12
|-
|2018
|  17 836
|  643
|  120
|  522
|36.0
|6.7
|29.3
|4.54
|45.0
|62.34
|-
|2019
|  18 380
|  652
|  121
|  531
|35.5
|style="color:blue" |6.6
|28.9
|4.45
|44.2
|62.79
|-
|2020
|  19 059
|  656
|  119
|  536
|34.4
|6.3
|28.1
|4.32
|41.4
|63.4
|-
|2021
|  19 604
|  665
|  130
|  536
|33.9
|6.6
|27.3
|4.25
|40.3
|62.4
|-
|2022
|  20 153
|  676
|  113
|  536
|33.5
|5.6
|28.0
|4.18
|39.3
|65.3
|-
|2023
|  20 724
|  686
|  108
|  578
|33.1
|5.2
|27.9
|4.10
|38.2
|66.3
|-
|}

===Demographic and Health Surveys===
Total Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted TFR) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR) :<ref>{{cite web|url=http://microdata.worldbank.org/index.php/catalog/1421 |title=Cambodia - Demographic and Health Survey 2010 |website=Microdata.worldbank.org |access-date=2016-08-09}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR251/OD43.pdf |title=National Health Survey 1998 |website=Dhsprogram.com |access-date=2016-08-09}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan=2| Year
! colspan=3| Total
! colspan=3| Urban
! colspan=3| Rural
|-
! {{abbr|CBR|Crude Birth Rate}} !! {{abbr|TFR|Total Fertility Rate}} !! {{abbr|WFR|Wanted Fertility Rate}}
! {{abbr|CBR|Crude Birth Rate}} !! {{abbr|TFR|Total Fertility Rate}} !! {{abbr|WFR|Wanted Fertility Rate}}
! {{abbr|CBR|Crude Birth Rate}} !! {{abbr|TFR|Total Fertility Rate}} !! {{abbr|WFR|Wanted Fertility Rate}}
|-
|align=left| 1992
| 45 || 6.5 || 5.4
| 44 || 5.8 || 4.7
| 46 || 7.1 || 6.2
|-
|align=left| 1996
| 45.2 || 6.08 || 5.2
| 43.7 || 5.08 || 4.1
| 46.1 || 6.86 || 6.1
|-
|align=left| 2001–2002
| 43.3 || 5.9 || 4.9
| 36.7 || 4.3 || 3.4
| 47.0 || 6.9 || 5.8
|-
|align=left| 2007
| 43.6 || 6.2 || 5.2
| 36.3 || 4.3 || 3.6
| 47.5 || 7.5 || 6.3
|-
|align=left| 2013–2014
| 37.2 || 5.3 || 4.5
| 32.2 || 3.7 || 3.3
| 40.3 || 6.6 || 5.6
|-
|align=left| 2018
| 35.3 || 4.7 || 4.0
| 30.9 || 3.4 || 2.9
| 38.4 || 5.8 || 5.0
|-
|align=left| 2024
| 32.1 || 4.0 || 
| 28.4 || 3.2 || 
| 35.3 || 4.9 || 
|}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= million
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

| y1= 2.3,2.4,2.5,2.5,2.6,2.7,2.8,2.8,2.9,3,3.1,3.2,3.3,3.4,3.5,3.7,3.8,3.9,4,4.2,4.3,4.4,4.5,4.7,4.8,4.9,5.1,5.2,5.4,5.6,5.7,5.9,6.1,6.3,6.5,6.7,6.9,7.1,7.3,7.5,7.7,7.9,8.1,8.3,8.5,8.7,8.9,9.1,9.4,9.6,9.9,10.2,10.5,10.8,11.2,11.6,12,12.4,12.9,13.3,13.8,14.3,14.7,15.2,15.7,16.2,16.8,17.3,17.8,18.4,18.9,19.5

| y1Title= population (million)

}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

| y1= 28.8,28.9,29.2,29.7,30.1,30.5,30.9,31.3,31.8,32.3,32.6,33.0,33.3,33.5,33.3,33.6,33.6,33.6,33.7,33.9,34.2,34.5,34.9,35.2,35.3,35.7,35.7,35.5,35.2,34.8,34.1,34.1,
34.2,33.9,33.6,33.2,32.8,32.2,31.6,31.2,30.5,30.1,29.8,29.8,29.8,29.6,29.3,29.0,28.8,28.8,29.0,29.1,29.5,30.1,30.9,31.6,32.1,32.1,32.3,32.4,32.6,32.4,32.1,31.7,31.2,30.6,30.3,29.8,29.3,28.9,28.4,27.5

| y1Title=Natural change (per 1000)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= ‰
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

| y1= 135.9,134.9,132.9,130.8,128.9,126.9,124.8,122.8,120.8,118.8,116.9,115.1,113.6,112.1,111.7,110.2,109.7,109.4,108.8,107.7,106.0,103.6,100.8,97.9,95.5,93.7,92.8,92.7,93.0,93.3,93.8,94.1,94.6,95.5,97.0,99.0,101.0,102.9,104.4,105.4,106.1,106.6,106.4,105.5,104.0,102.4,100.9,99.5,98.1,96.4,93.5,89.0,83.5,78.1,72.7,67.8,63.7,60.8,58.3,55.5,52.9,51.6,50.4,48.3,46.7,46.3,44.9,44.5,45.0,44.2,42.6,40.5

| y1Title=Infant Mortality (per 1000 live births)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 450
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= TFR
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| hAnnotatonsLine=
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021

| y1= 6.62,6.64,6.68,6.72,6.76,6.82,6.87,6.93,6.99,7.06,7.12,7.17,7.21,7.25,7.27,7.29,7.30,7.32,7.33,7.35,7.37,7.38,7.39,7.39,7.38,7.39,7.37,7.33,7.29,7.23,7.15,7.10,
7.06,7.02,6.98,6.92,6.85,6.77,6.68,6.61,6.53,6.45,6.36,6.32,6.27,6.24,6.18,6.12,6.05,5.99,5.93,5.86,5.79,5.73,5.72,5.71,5.69,5.61,5.54,5.45,5.36,5.27,5.15,5.03,
4.90,4.79,4.71,4.61,4.54,4.45,4.38,4.31

| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}
Fertility data as of 2013–2014 (DHS Program):<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dhsprogram.com/pubs/pdf/FR304/FR304.pdf|title=Demographic and Health Survey 2013-14|website=Dhsprogram.com|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:100pt;"| Province
! style="width:100pt;"| Total fertility rate
! style="width:100pt;"| Percentage of women age 15-49 currently pregnant
! style="width:100pt;"| Mean number of children ever born to women age 40-49
|-
|[[Central Province, Zambia|Central]]|| 5.9 || 8.1 || 6.8
|-
|[[Copperbelt Province|Copperbelt]]|| 4.0 || 7.6 || 5.5
|-
|[[Eastern Province, Zambia|Eastern]]|| 5.8 || 8.7 || 6.9
|-
|[[Luapula Province|Luapula]]|| 6.4 || 11.4 || 6.6
|-
|[[Lusaka Province|Lusaka]]|| 3.7 || 7.7 || 5.1
|-
|[[Muchinga Province|Muchinga]]|| 6.3 || 10.3 || 7.2
|-
|[[Northern Province, Zambia|Northern]]|| 6.6 || 10.4 || 7.6
|-
|[[North-Western Province, Zambia|North Western]]|| 6.2 || 9.2 || 6.7
|-
|[[Southern Province, Zambia|Southern]]|| 6.2 || 9.2 || 6.9
|-
|[[Western Province, Zambia|Western]]|| 5.6 || 8.1 || 6.0
|}

=== Fertility rate by religion ===
At national level, the TFR was highest among women with no religious affiliation at 6.5. Among the women with religious affiliation Protestants had the highest TFR of 6.0, followed by Muslims with 5.9 and Catholics with 5.7.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Demographics of Zambia - demographics of zambia What i|url=https://amp.ww.en.freejournal.info/34431/1/demographics-of-zambia.html|access-date=2021-05-20|website=ww.en.freejournal.info|language=en|archive-date=2021-05-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210520090100/https://amp.ww.en.freejournal.info/34431/1/demographics-of-zambia.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Mberu|first1=Blessing U.|last2=Reed|first2=Holly E.|date=2014|title=Understanding Subgroup Fertility Differentials in Nigeria|journal=Population Review|volume=53|issue=2|pages=23–46|doi=10.1353/prv.2014.0006|doi-broken-date=1 November 2024|issn=0032-471X|pmc=4326038|pmid=25684828}}</ref>{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! style="width:100pt;"| Religious Affiliation <ref>https://www.zamstats.gov.zm/phocadownload/2010_Census/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802193416/https://www.zamstats.gov.zm/phocadownload/2010_Census/2010%20Census%20of%20Population%20National%20Analytical%20Report.pdf |date=2019-08-02 }} {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> 
! style="width:100pt;"| Total fertility rate
|-
| [[Protestantism]] || 6.0
|-
| [[Catholic Church in Zambia|Catholicism]] || 5.7
|-
| [[Islam in Zambia|Islam]] || 3.2
|-
| [[Hinduism in Zambia|Hinduism]] || 2.0
|-
| Other religions || 5.8
|-
| [[Not religious]] || 6.5
|-
! Zambia (total) || 5.9
|}

=== Life expectancy ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
!Period
!Life expectancy in <br /> Years<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations|website=esa.un.org|access-date=2018-08-26}}</ref>
|-
|1950–1955
|42.07  
|-
|1955–1960
|{{increase}} 44.13  
|-
|1960–1965
|{{increase}} 46.08  
|-
|1965–1970
|{{increase}} 47.83   
|-
|1970–1975
|{{increase}} 50.16  
|-
|1975–1980
|{{increase}} 51.47 
|-
|1980–1985
|{{decrease}} 50.31  
|-
|1985–1990
|{{decrease}} 46.74  
|-
|1990–1995
|{{decrease}} 43.79  
|-
|1995–2000
|{{decrease}} 43.53 
|-
|2000–2005
|{{increase}} 46.86 
|-
|2005–2010
|{{increase}} 52.93  
|-
|2010–2015
|{{increase}} 59.73  
|}


== Ethnic groups ==
Zambia is one of the most highly urbanised countries in sub-Saharan Africa with 44% of the population concentrated in a few urban areas along the major transport corridors, while rural areas are sparsely populated. [[Zambia]]'s population comprises more than 72 [[Bantu languages|Bantu]]-speaking [[ethnic]] groups. Some ethnic groups are small, and only two have enough people to constitute at least 10% of the population. The majority of Zambians are [[subsistence agriculture|subsistence farmers]], but the country is also fairly [[urbanization|urbanised]], with 42% of the population being [[city]] residents.  The predominant [[religion]] is a blend of traditional beliefs and [[Christianity]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Inc|first=IBP|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Vr3ZDAAAQBAJ&q=two+have+enough+people+to+constitute+at+least+10%25+of+the+population+zambia&pg=PA25|title=Zambia Investment and Business Guide Volume 2 Business, Investment Opportunities and Incentives|date=2016-04-18|publisher=Lulu.com|isbn=978-1-57751-907-2|language=en}}</ref>

[[Immigrant]]s, mostly [[United Kingdom|British]] or [[South Africa]]n, as well as some white Zambian citizens (about 40,000), live mainly in [[Lusaka]] and in the [[Copperbelt]] in northern Zambia, where they are either employed in [[mining|mines]], financial and related activities or retired. Zambia also has a small but economically important [[Asian people|Asian]] population, most of whom are [[Indians in Zambia|Indians]] or [[Chinese people in Zambia|Chinese]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Larmer|first=Miles|date=2016-07-07|title=At the Crossroads|url=https://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935369.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199935369-e-20|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Oxford Handbooks Online|language=en|doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935369.013.20|isbn=978-0-19-993536-9}}</ref>{{Citation needed|date=May 2020}}

=== 2010 census ===
[[File:Zambia-Ethnic-Groups.png|frame]]
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Groups
! Percentage
|- bgcolor = "#E6EEFF"
| '''African'''
| 99.2%
|-
| [[Bemba people|Bemba]]
| 21%
|-
| [[Tonga people (Zambia and Zimbabwe)|Tonga]]
| 13.6%
|-
| [[Chewa people|Chewa]]
| 7.4%
|-
| [[Lozi people|Lozi]]
| 5.7%
|-
| [[Nsenga people|Nsenga]]
| 5.3%
|-
| [[Tumbuka people|Tumbuka]]
| 4.4%
|-
| [[Ngoni people|Ngoni]]
| 4%
|-
| [[Lala people|Lala]]
| 3.1%
|-
| [[Kaonde]]
| 2.9%
|-
| [[Mwanga people|Namwanga]]
| 2.8%
|-
| [[Lunda people|Lunda (North-western)]]
| 2.6%
|-
| [[Mambwe people|Mambwe]]
| 2.5%
|-
| [[Luvale people|Luvale]]
| 2.2%
|-
| [[Lamba people (Zambia)|Lamba]]
| 2.1%
|-
| [[Ushi people|Ushi]]
| 1.9%
|-
| [[Lenje people|Lenje]]
| 1.6%
|-
| [[Lala-Bisa language|Bisa]]
| 1.6%
|-
| [[Mbunda people|Mbunda]]
| 1.2%
|-
|- bgcolor = "#E6EEFF"
| '''Other'''
|13.8%
|- bgcolor = "#E6EEFF"
| '''Unspecified'''
| 0.4%
|}
Source:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/400.html |title=Field Listing :: Ethnic groups |publisher=CIA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109052252/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/400.html |archive-date=2019-01-09}}</ref>

==Languages==
{{Further|Languages of Zambia}}
:Bemba 33.4%, Nyanja 14.7%, Tonga 11.4%, Lozi 5.5%, Chewa 4.5%, Nsenga 2.9%, Tumbuka 2.5%, Lunda (North Western) 1.9%, Kaonde 1.8%, Lala 1.8%, Lamba 1.8%, English (official) 1.7%, Luvale 1.5%, Mambwe 1.3%, Namwanga 1.2%, Lenje 1.1%, Bisa 1%, other 9.7%, unspecified 0.2% (2010 est.)
:note: Zambia is said to have over 70 languages, although many of these may be considered dialects; all of Zambia's major languages are members of the Bantu family<ref name="CIATONGA">{{cite web|url= https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/zambia/|title= Africa :: ZAMBIA|date= 19 April 2022|publisher= CIA The World Factbook}}</ref>

==Religion==
: Protestant 75.3%
: Roman Catholic 20.2%
: other 2.7% (includes Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu, and Baha'i)
: none 1.8%
(2010 est.)

==See also==
* [[Culture of Zambia|Cultures of Zambia]]
* [[Angolans in Zambia]]
* [[Chinese people in Zambia]]
* [[Indians in Zambia]]
* [[Zimbabweans in Zambia]]

==References==
{{Commons category|Demographics of Zambia}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Zambia topics}}
{{Ethnic groups in Zambia}}
{{Africa in topic|Demographics of}}

[[Category:Demographics of Zambia| ]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Zambia| ]]