Editing Demographics of Moldova

{{Short description|none}} <!-- "none" is a legitimate description when the title is already adequate; see [[WP:SDNONE]] -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox place demographics
 | place              = [[Moldova]]
 | image              = Moldova Population Pyramid.svg
 | image_size         = 350
 | caption            = Moldova [[population pyramid]] in 2020

<!-- main demographics -->
 | size_of_population = {{decrease}} 2,423,287<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/en/population-with-usually-resident-population-by-sex-and-age-group-in-territorial--9578_61297.html|title=Population with usually resident population by sex and age group in territorial profile on 1 January 2024|date=10 June 2024|access-date=11 June 2023|archive-date=11 June 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230611194656/https://statistica.gov.md/en/population-with-usually-resident-population-by-sex-and-age-group-in-territorial--9578_60448.html|url-status=live}}</ref> <small>(01.01.2024, excluding Transnistria)</small>
 | density            = 79.8 (excluding Transnistria)<br /><small> (2024)</small>
 | growth             = −2.8 <small>(2024)</small>
 | birth              = 9.8 births/1,000 population<br /><small> (2023)</small>
 | death              = 13.7 deaths/1,000 population<br /><small> (2023)</small>
 | life               = 71.9 years <small>(2023)</small>
 | life_male          = 67.5 years<br /><small>(2023)</small>
 | life_female        = 76.4 years<br /><small>(2023)</small>
 | fertility          = 1.61 children born/woman<br /><small>(2023)</small>
 | infant_mortality   = 13.7 deaths/1,000 live births <small>(2023)</small>
 | net_migration      = -24.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population <small> (2022)</small>

<!-- age structure -->
 | age_0-14_years     = 16.4%<br />(male 301,150/female 284,400)
 | age_15-64_years    = 73.6%<br />(male 1,277,900/female 1,341,650)
 | age_65_years       = 10.0%<br />(male 133,060/female 222,270)

<!-- sex ratio -->
 | total_mf_ratio     = 0.91 male(s)/female <small>(2008 est.)</small>
 | sr_at_birth        = 1.06 male(s)/female
 | sr_under_15        = 1.06 male(s)/female
 | sr_15-64_years     = 0.94 male(s)/female
 | sr_65_years_over   = 0.59 male(s)/female

<!-- nationality -->
 | major_ethnic       = Indigenous population self-identified as ''Moldovans'' or ''Romanians'' (85.1%) <small>(2024)</small>
 | minor_ethnic       = [[Ukrainians]] (4.9%), [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]] (4.2%), [[Russians]] (3.2%), [[Bulgarians]] (1.6%), [[Romani people|Romanis]] (0,4%), other groups (0.5%) <small>(2024)</small>
 | official           = [[Romanian language|Romanian]]
 | spoken             = Romanian and other minority languages
}}
[[Demography|Demographic]] features of the population of [[Republic of Moldova]] include distribution, [[ethnicity]], languages, religious affiliation and other statistical data.

==Overview of the demographic statistics==
According to the [[Moldovan Census (2014)|2014 Moldovan Census]], '''2,789,205''' people resided in the areas controlled by the central government of [[Republic of Moldova]]. Another '''209,030''' were non-resident citizens living abroad, for a total of '''2,998,235'''.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.statistica.md/newsview.php?l=en&id=5583&idc=168| title = Key results of the 2014 Population and Housing Census| date = 31 March 2017| access-date = 4 November 2017| archive-date = 7 November 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171107015541/http://www.statistica.md/newsview.php?l=en&id=5583&idc=168| url-status = live}}</ref>

According to the [[2015 Transnistrian census|2015 census in Transnistria]], '''475,007''' people lived in the breakaway [[Transnistria]], including the city of [[Bender, Moldova|Bender]], and the other localities ''de facto'' controlled by Transnistrian authorities.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://vestipmr.info/articles/2017/02/27/v-pridnestrove-prozhivayut-475-007-chelovek |title=В Приднестровье проживают 475 007 человек |access-date=4 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107004952/http://vestipmr.info/articles/2017/02/27/v-pridnestrove-prozhivayut-475-007-chelovek |archive-date=7 November 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Thus, the total population of the country in 2014 amounted to '''3,473,242'''.

{{GraphChart
| width = 400
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= million
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| type = line
| x = 1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= 2.03, 2.25, 2.19, 2.13, 2.24, 2.34, 2.38, 2.43, 2.49, 2.56, 2.63,2.7, 2.78, 2.85, 2.93, 3, 3.07, 3.14, 3.21, 3.27, 3.34,3.4, 3.45, 3.51, 3.55, 3.59, 3.65, 3.7, 3.75, 3.79, 3.84, 3.88, 3.91, 3.94, 3.97, 4.01, 4.05, 4.1, 4.14, 4.18, 4.21, 4.26, 4.29, 4.32, 4.35, 4.36, 4.36, 4.35, 4.35, 4.35, 4.34, 4.33, 3.65, 3.65, 3.65, 3.64, 3.63, 3.62, 3.61, 3.6, 3.6, 3.59, 3.58, 3.57, 3.57, 3.56, 3.56, 3.56, 3.56, 2.86, 2.83,2.8, 2.76, 2.71, 2.66, 2.62, 2.60

| y1Title= population (million)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 400
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=year
| yAxisTitle= ‰ 
| yAxisMax= 30
| yAxisMin= -20
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| hAnnotatonsLine=0
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| type = line
| x = 1945,1946,1947,1948,1949,1950,1951,1952,1953,1954,1955,1956,1957,1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022

| y1= -17.8,0.1,-49.2,17.5,28.5,27.7,27.6,20.5,22.4,23.3,22.0,22.7,23.3,24.1,24.1,22.9,21.8,18.8,18.0,16.4,14.2,14.5,13.7,13.0,11.5,12.0,12.5,13.0,12.2,11.9,11.3,11.6,10.7,10.3,9.7,9.8,10.1,10.3,11.4,10.6,10.5,12.8,12.0,11.0,9.7,7.9,6.0,5.8,4.5,2.3,0.8,0.5,0.7,0.4,-0.8,-1.2,-1.0,-1.7,-1.8,-0.9,-1.9,-1.5,-1.4,-0.8,-0.4,-0.9,-0.0,-0.1,-0.1,0.5,0.4,0.5,-0.2,-1.0,-1.5, -3.8, -6.2
| y2= 
,100.2,19,-46.7,20.7,17.2,-10.8,0.4,1.3,2.5,4.6,4.7,4.1,2.5,1.8,1.8,0.9,2.8,2.9,3.5,4.4,3,2.9,2.1,0.5,0.5,2,1.3,0.6,0.2,0.4,-1.8,-2.2,-3.7,-1.9,1,0.8,0.2,-1.7,-1.5,-1.3,-3.1,-3.9,-3.,-3.2,-4.5,-6.2,-8.1,-5.2,-2.4,-3.1,-4,-184.4,-0.9,-0.6,-0.7,-1.5,-0.5,-0.9,-1.6,-0.6,-1,-1.1,-1.1,-0.7,0,-0.8,0,-0.2,-246.1,-8.2,-12,-16.9,-16.3,-14.7,-13.2,-2.8

| y1Title= Natural change (per 1000)
| y2Title= Crude migration change (per 1000)
}}
{{GraphChart
| width = 360
| height = 150
| xAxisTitle=years
| yAxisTitle= TFR
| yAxisMin=
| yGrid= 0,1
| xGrid= 10
| legend=
| hAnnotatonsLine=2,1
| hAnnotatonsLabel=
| type = line
| x = 1958,1959,1960,1961,1962,1963,1964,1965,1966,1967,1968,1969,1970,1971,1972,1973,1974,1975,1976,1977,1978,1979,1980,1981,1982,1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,1988,1989,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022
| y1= 3.54,3.64,3.41,3.20,3.00,2.89,2.71,2.68,2.73,2.69,2.65,2.58,2.56,2.63,2.63,2.59,2.55,2.52,
2.46,2.40,2.38,2.39,2.41,2.45,2.43,2.57,2.67,2.70,2.78,2.70,2.63,2.46,2.39,2.26,2.21,2.10,1.95,1.76,1.60,1.73,1.67,1.61,1.57,1.48,1.41,1.47,1.50,1.219,1.228,1.256,1.277,1.326,1.309,1.26,
1.279,1.238,1.82,1.87,1.89,1.81,1.81,1.78,1.76,1.73

| y1Title=Total Fertility Rate
}}

{| class="wikitable"
! colspan=2 | Median age
|-
| '''total '''|| 34.3 years <small>(2008 est.)<br />(up from 32.22 years in 2005)</small>
|-
| '''male''' || 32.4 years<small><br />(up from 30.14 years in 2005)</small>
|-
| '''female''' || 36.4 years<small><br />(up from 34.27 years in 2005) </small>
|-
! colspan=2 | Literacy rate
|-
| '''total'''  || 96% <small>(1989)</small>; 99.1% <small>(2003)</small>; 99.1% <small>(2005)</small>
|-
| '''male'''  || 99% <small>(1989)</small>; 99.6% <small>(2003)</small>; 99.7% <small>(2005)</small>
|-
| '''female''' ||  94% <small>(1989)</small>; 98.7% <small>(2003)</small>; 98.6% <small>(2005)</small>
|-
| '''definition '''|| age 15 and over can read and write
|-
! colspan=2 | Unemployment rate
|-
| colspan=2 | 8% (official), 40% (real)
|-
| colspan=2 | Source: The World Factbook, CIA;<ref name="CIA">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/moldova/|title=Moldova|date=2 May 2023|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|via=CIA.gov|access-date=24 January 2021|archive-date=5 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210105015457/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/moldova/|url-status=live}}</ref> UN<ref>{{in lang|en}} [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/education.htm UN (2001/2002)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190624184732/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/education.htm |date=24 June 2019 }}</ref><sup>,</sup><ref>{{in lang|en}} [http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/watsan.htm UN (2000)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180915042548/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/socind/watsan.htm |date=15 September 2018 }}</ref>
|}

==Urban–rural distribution of population==

According to the 2014 census, 1,144,428 residents or 38,2% live in cities while 1,853,807 are rural residents. The largest cities under the control of the constitutional authorities are [[Chișinău]] with 644,204 (with 590,631 actual urban dwellers) and [[Bălți]] with 102,457 (97,930 urban dwellers). The autonomous territorial unit of [[Gagauzia]] has 134,535, out of which 48,666 or 36,2% are urban dwellers. [[Ungheni]] is the third largest city with 32,828, followed by [[Cahul]] with 28,763, [[Soroca]] with 22,196 and [[Orhei]] with 21,065.<ref name="statistica.md">{{cite web| url = http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=479| title = Rezultatele Recensămîntului Populației și al Locuințelor 2014| date = 2 August 2013| access-date = 4 November 2017| archive-date = 30 October 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171030171529/http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=479| url-status = live}}</ref>

===By district (2004 census)===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
! | no
! | type
! | name
! | population
! colspan="3"| urban
! colspan="3"| rural
|-
|align="right"|  || || || || population || % || cities || population || % || communes
|-
|colspan="10"|
|-
| 1 || municipality || [[Chișinău]] || align="right"|712,218 || align="right"|644,204 || align="right"|<small>90.45%</small> || align="right"|7 || align="right"|68,014 || align="right"|<small>9.55%</small> || align="right"|12
|-
| 2 || municipality || [[Bălți]] || align="right"|127,561 || align="right"|122,669 ||  align="right"|<small>96.16%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|4,892 || align="right"|<small>3.84%</small> || align="right"|2
|-
| 3 || auton.territ.unit || [[Găgăuzia]] || align="right"|155,646 || align="right"|58,190 || align="right"|<small>37.39%</small> || align="right"|3 || align="right"|97,456 || align="right"|<small>62.61%</small> || align="right"|23
|-
| 4 || district || [[Anenii Noi District|Anenii Noi]] || align="right"|81,710 || align="right"|8,358 || align="right"|<small>10.23%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|73,352 || align="right"|<small>89.77%</small> || align="right"|25
|-
| 5 || district || [[Basarabeasca District|Basarabeasca]] || align="right"|28,978 || align="right"|11,192 || align="right"|<small>38.62%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|17,786 || align="right"|<small>61.38%</small> || align="right"|6
|-
| 6 || district || [[Briceni District|Briceni]] || align="right"|78,027 || align="right"|14,230 || align="right"|<small>18.24%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|63,797 || align="right"|<small>81.76%</small> || align="right"|26
|-
| 7 || district || [[Cahul District|Cahul]] || align="right"|119,231 || align="right"|35,488 || align="right"|<small>29.76%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|83,743 || align="right"|<small>70.24%</small> || align="right"|36
|-
| 8 || district || [[Cantemir District|Cantemir]] || align="right"|60,001 || align="right"|3,872 || align="right"|<small>6.45%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|56,129 || align="right"|<small>93.55%</small> || align="right"|26
|-
| 9 || district || [[Călărași District|Călărași]] || align="right"|75,075 || align="right"|14,516 || align="right"|<small>19.34%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|60,559 || align="right"|<small>80.66%</small> || align="right"|27
|-
| 10 || district || [[Căușeni District|Căușeni]] || align="right"|90,612 || align="right"|21,941 || align="right"|<small>24.21%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|68,671 || align="right"|<small>75.79%</small> || align="right"|25 <small>(out of 28)</small>
|-
| 11 || district || [[Cimișlia District|Cimișlia]] || align="right"|60,925 || align="right"|12,858 || align="right"|<small>21.10%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|48,067 || align="right"|<small>78.90%</small> || align="right"|22
|-
| 12 || district || [[Criuleni District|Criuleni]] || align="right"|72,254 || align="right"|7,138 || align="right"|<small>9.88%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|65,116 || align="right"|<small>90.12%</small> || align="right"|24
|-
| 13 || district || [[Dondușeni District|Dondușeni]] || align="right"|46,442 || align="right"|9,801 || align="right"|<small>21.10%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|36,641 || align="right"|<small>78.90%</small> || align="right"|21
|-
| 14 || district || [[Drochia District|Drochia]] || align="right"|87,092 || align="right"|16,606 || align="right"|<small>19.07%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|70,486 || align="right"|<small>80.93%</small> || align="right"|27
|-
| 15 || district || [[Dubăsari District|Dubăsari]] || align="right"|43,015 || align="right"|– || align="right"|– || align="right"|– || align="right"|34,015 || align="right"|<small>100%</small> || align="right"|11
|-
| 16 || district || [[Edineț District|Edineț]] || align="right"|81,390 || align="right"|23,065 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|58,325 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|30
|-
| 17 || district || [[Fălești District|Fălești]] || align="right"|90,320 || align="right"|14,931 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|75,389 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|32
|-
| 18 || district || [[Florești District|Florești]] || align="right"|89,389|| align="right"|17,086 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|3 || align="right"|17,086 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|37
|-
| 19 || district || [[Glodeni District|Glodeni]] || align="right"|60,975 || align="right"|10,465 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|50,510 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|18
|-
| 20 || district || [[Hîncești District|Hîncești]] || align="right"|119,762 || align="right"|15,281 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|104,481 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|38
|-
| 21 || district || [[Ialoveni District|Ialoveni]] || align="right"|97,704 || align="right"|15,041 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|82,663 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|24
|-
| 22 || district || [[Leova District|Leova]] || align="right"|51,056 || align="right"|14,411 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|36,645 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|23
|-
| 23 || district || [[Nisporeni District|Nisporeni]] || align="right"|64,924 || align="right"|12,105 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|52,819 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|22
|-
| 24 || district || [[Ocnița District|Ocnița]] || align="right"|56,510 || align="right"|19,270 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|3 || align="right"|37,240 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|18
|-
| 25 || district || [[Orhei District|Orhei]] || align="right"|116,271 || align="right"|25,641 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|90,630 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|37
|-
| 26 || district || [[Rezina District|Rezina]] || align="right"|48,105 || align="right"|10,196 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|37,909 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|24
|-
| 27 || district || [[Rîșcani District|Rîșcani]] || align="right"|69,454 || align="right"| 13,351 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|56,103 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|26
|-
| 28 || district || [[Sîngerei District|Sîngerei]] || align="right"|87,153 || align="right"|15,760 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|71,393 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|24
|-
| 29 || district || [[Soroca District|Soroca]] || align="right"|94,986 || align="right"|28,362 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|66,624 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|34
|-
| 30 || district || [[Strășeni District|Strășeni]] || align="right"|88,900 || align="right"|19,633 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|69,267 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|25
|-
| 31 || district || [[Șoldănești District|Șoldănești]] || align="right"|42,227 || align="right"|6,304 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|35,923 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|22
|-
| 32 || district || [[Ștefan Vodă District|Ștefan Vodă]] || align="right"|70,594 || align="right"|7,768 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|62,826 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|22
|-
| 33 || district || [[Taraclia District|Taraclia]] || align="right"|43,154 || align="right"|13,756 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|29,398 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|14
|-
| 34 || district || [[Telenești District|Telenești]] || align="right"|70,126 || align="right"|6,855 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|63,271 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|30
|-
| 35 || district || [[Ungheni District|Ungheni]] || align="right"|110,545 || align="right"|35,311 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|2 || align="right"|75,234 || align="right"|<small>%</small> || align="right"|31
|-
| colspan=3| '''Subtotal control by central government''' || align="right"|'''3,383,332''' || align="right"|'''1,305,655''' || align="right"|<small>'''38.59%'''</small> || align="right"|'''54''' || align="right"|'''2,077,677''' || align="right"|<small>'''61.41%'''</small> || align="right"|'''844'''
|-
|colspan="10"|
|-
| 36 || territorial unit || [[Transnistria]] || align="right"|383,806 || align="right"|280,640<sup>1</sup> || align="right"|<small>63.85%</small> || align="right"|10 || align="right"|158,888<sup>1</sup> || align="right"|<small>36.15%</small> || align="right"|69
|-
| 37 || municipality || [[Bender, Moldova|Bender]] || align="right"|91,197 || align="right"| 88,055 || align="right"|<small>96.86%</small> || align="right"|1 || align="right"|3,142 || align="right"|<small>3.14%</small> || align="right"|1
|-
| 10 || parts of district || [[Căușeni District|Căușeni]] || align="right"|14,935 || align="right"|– || align="right"|– || align="right"|– || align="right"|14,935 || align="right"|<small>100%</small> || align="right"|3 <small>(out of 28)</small>
|-
| 15 || parts of district || [[Dubăsari District|Dubăsari]] || align="right"|715 || align="right"|– || align="right"|– || align="right"|– || align="right"|715 || align="right"|<small>100%</small> || align="right"|<small>parts of 1</small>
|-
| colspan=3| '''Subtotal control by breakaway Tiraspol''' || align="right"|'''555,347''' || align="right"|'''377,667''' || align="right"|<small>'''68.01%'''</small> || align="right"|'''11''' || align="right"|'''177,680''' || align="right"|<small>'''31.99%'''</small> || align="right"|'''73'''
|-
|colspan="10"|
|-
| colspan=3| '''Total''' || align="right"|'''3,938,679''' || align="right"|'''1,683,322''' || align="right"|<small>'''42.74%'''</small> || align="right"|'''65''' || align="right"|'''2,255,357''' || align="right"|<small>'''57.26%'''</small> || align="right"|'''917'''
|-
|}
<small>''Note:'' <sup>1</sup>The breakaway Transnistrian authorities count as rural the population of the towns of [[Crasnoe]], [[Maiac]], and [[Tiraspolul Nou]]. Since their exact population isn't available, so does this table.
</small>

===Transnistrian-controlled areas (2015 cens.)===
<ref>{{cite web| url = https://novostipmr.com/ru/news/17-02-28/v-pridnestrove-prozhivaet-bolee-475-tys-chelovek| title = В ПРИДНЕСТРОВЬЕ ПРОЖИВАЕТ БОЛЕЕ 475 ТЫС. ЧЕЛОВЕК| access-date = 4 November 2017| archive-date = 9 July 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180709174320/https://novostipmr.com/ru/news/17-02-28/v-pridnestrove-prozhivaet-bolee-475-tys-chelovek| url-status = live}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
!  !! Population !! colspan="2"| urban !! colspan="2"| rural
|-
|align="left"|  ||  || population || cities || population || communes
|-
|colspan="6"|
|-
|align="left"| [[Tiraspol]] || 129,367 || 129,367 || 1 || – || –
|-
|align="left"| [[Camenca District]] || 20 542 || ? || 1 || ? || 12
|-
|align="left"| [[Rîbnița District]] || 69,000 || ? || 1 || ? || 22
|-
|align="left"| [[Dubăsari District, Transnistria|Dubăsari District]] || 31,000 || ? || 1 || ? || 9
|-
|align="left"| [[Grigoriopol District]] || 40,000 || ?<sup>1</sup> || 2 || ?<sup>1</sup> || 14
|-
|align="left"| [[Slobozia District]] || 84,000 || ?<sup>2</sup> || 4 || ?<sup>2</sup> || 12
|-
|colspan="15"|
|-
|align="left"| '''Subtotal [[Transnistria]]''' || '''383,806''' || '''?''' || '''10''' || '''?''' || '''69'''
|-
|colspan="6"|
|-
|align="left"| [[Bender, Moldova|Bender]] <small>(w/o Proteagailovca)</small> || 91,197 || 91,197 || 1 || – || –
|-
|align="left"| [[Proteagailovca]] || 3,142 || – || – || 3,142 || 1
|-
|align="left"| [[Gîsca]] || 4,841 || – || – || 4,841 || 1
|-
|align="left"| [[Chițcani]] <small>(incl. Merenești and Zahorna)</small> || ~9,000 || – || – || ~9,000 || 1
|-
|align="left"| [[Cremenciug, Căușeni|Cremenciug]] || 1,094 || – || – || 1,094 || 1
|-
|align="left"| [[Roghi]] || 715 || – || – || 715 || <small>parts of 1</small>
|-
|colspan="15"|
|-
|align="left"| '''Subotal other localities''' || '''109,989''' || '''91,197''' || '''1''' || '''18,792''' || '''4'''
|-
|colspan="6"|
|-
|align="left"| '''Total Tiraspol-controlled areas''' || '''475,003''' || '''333,003''' || '''11''' || '''142,000''' || '''73'''
|-
|}

<small>
''Note:''<br />
<sup>1</sup> The breakaway Transnistrian authorities have counties as urban only the population of the town of [[Grigoriopol]], while that of the town of [[Maiac]] was counted as rural.<br />
<sup>2</sup> The breakaway Transnistrian authorities have counties as urban only the population of the towns of [[Slobozia, Moldova|Slobozia]] and [[Dnestrovsc]], while those of the towns of [[Crasnoe]] and [[Tiraspolul Nou]] were counted as rural.
</small>

==Vital statistics==

===[[Bessarabia Governorate]] (1900–1914)===
<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://istmat.info/node/21366 |title=Statistical Yearbooks of the Russian Empire |access-date=24 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216153942/http://istmat.info/node/21366 |archive-date=16 December 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!
! width="70pt"|Average population 
! width="70pt"|Live births
! width="70pt"|Deaths
! width="70pt"|Natural change
! width="70pt"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Natural change (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Crude migration rate (per 1000
|-
| 1900
|2,037,000
|83,306||48,480||34,826
|40.9||23.8||17.1
|
|-
| 1901
|2,073,000
|87,797||46,296||41,501
|42.3||22.3||20.0
| -2.3
|-
| 1902
|2,113,000
|96,641||55,423||41,218
|45.7||26.2||19.5
| -0.2
|-
| 1903
|2,154,000
|94,936||53,236||41,700
|44.1||24.7||19.4
| 0
|-
| 1904
|2,194,000
|99,265||55,436||43,829
|45.3||25.3||20.0
| -1.4
|-
| 1905
|2,237,000
|80,085||62,387||17,698
|35.8||27.9||7.9
| 11.7
|-
| 1906
|2,267,000
|95,090||55,638||39,452
|41.9||24.5||17.4
| -4.0
|-
| 1907
|2,303,000
|107,195||59,964||47,231
|46.5||26.0||20.5
| -4.6
|-
| 1908
|2,345,000
|96,088||54,772||41,316
|41.0||23.4||17.6
| 0.6
|-
| 1909
|2,395,000
|105,681||62,498||43,183
|44.1||26.1||18.0
| 3.3
|-
| 1910
|2,441,000
|101,544||77,356||24,188
|41.6||31.7||9.9
| 9.3
|-
| 1911
|2,488,000
|97,864||74,093||23,771
|39.3||29.8||9.6
| 9.7
|-
| 1912
|2,540,000
|102,654||77,431||25,223
|40.4||30.5||9.9
| 11.0
|-
| 1913
|2,602,000
|102,397||77,745||24,652
|39.4||29.9||9.5
| 14.9
|-
| 1914
|2,625,000
|100,871||79,202||21,669
|38.4||30.2||8.3
| 0.5
|}

===After WW II, total area===
<ref>{{cite web |url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm |title=Demographic Yearbook |website=[[United Nations Statistics Division]] |access-date=19 February 2011 |archive-date=27 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161227194033/http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm |url-status=live }}{{nonspecific|date=May 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=334&id=2339| title = Statistica Moldovei| access-date = 19 February 2011| archive-date = 3 October 2015| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151003215204/http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=334&id=2339| url-status = dead}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!
! width="70pt"|Average population 
! width="70pt"|Live births
! width="70pt"|Deaths
! width="70pt"|Natural change
! width="70pt"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Natural change (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Crude migration rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Total fertility rate
! width="70pt"|Urban Fertility 
! width="70pt"|Rural Fertility 
|-
| 1945
|2,028,000(e)
|42,795||78,797|| style="color: red" |−36,002
|21.1||38.9||style="color: red" |−17.8
| 
|-
| 1946
|2,254,000(e)
|64,462||64,371|| 91
|28.6||28.5||0.1
| 111.3
|-
| 1947
|2,188,000(e)
|57,555||165,049|| style="color: red" |−107,494
|26.3||75.5||style="color: red" |−49.2
| 19.9
|-
| 1948
|2,126,000(e)
|73,123||35,846||37,277
|34.4||16.9||17.5
| 19.9
|-
| 1949
|2,236,000(e)
|94,180||30,407||63,773
|42.1||13.6||28.5
| 23.2
|-
| 1950
|2,341,000
|91,137||26,363||64,774
|38.9||11.3||27.7
| 19.3
|-
| 1951
|2,381,000
|91,645||25,957||65,688
|38.5||10.9||27.6
| -10.5
|-
| 1952
|2,432,000
|80,918||30,968||49,950
|33.3||12.7||20.5
| 0.9
|-
| 1953
|2,491,000
|79,041||23,257||55,784
|31.7||9.3||22.4
| 1.9
|-
| 1954
|2,557,000
|83,607||24,077||59,530
|32.7||9.4||23.3
| 3.2
|-
| 1955
|2,627,000
|79,772||21,864||57,908
|30.4||8.3||22.0
| 5.4
|-
| 1956
|2,701,000
|81,372||20,109||61,263
|30.1||7.4||22.7
| 5.5
|-
| 1957
|2,777,000
|85,743||21,114||64,629
|30.9||7.6||23.3
| 4.8
|-
| 1958
|2,853,000
|87,502||18,741||68,761
|30.7||6.6||24.1
| 3.3
| style="color: blue" | 3.54
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1959
|2,929,000
|92,176||21,467||70,709
|31.5||7.3||24.1
| 2.5
| style="color: blue" | 3.64
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1960
|3,003,000
|87,910||19,290||68,620
|29.3||6.4||22.9
| 2.4
| style="color: blue" | 3.41
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1961
| 3,073,000
| 86,683
| 19,590
| 67,093
| 28.2
| 6.4
| 21.8
| 1.5
| style="color: blue" | 3.20
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1962
| 3,141,000
| 80,494
| 21,365
| 59,129
| 25.6
| 6.8
| 18.8
| 3.3
| style="color: blue" | 3.00
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1963
| 3,208,000
| 78,422
| 20,737
| 57,685
| 24.4
| 6.5
| 18.0
| 3.3
| style="color: blue" | 2.89
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1964
| 3,273,000
| 73,583
| 19,944
| 53,639
| 22.5
| 6.1
| 16.4
| 3.9
| style="color: blue" | 2.71
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1965
| 3,335,000
| 67,996
| 20,571
| 47,425
| 20.4
| 6.2
| 14.2
| 4.7
| style="color: blue" | 2.68
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1966
| 3,395,000
| 71,406
| 21,474
| 49,932
| 21.0
| 6.3
| 14.5
| 3.5
| style="color: blue" | 2.73
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1967
| 3,453,000
| 71,380
| 23,406
| 47,974
| 20.7
| 6.8
| 13.7
| 3.4
| style="color: blue" | 2.69
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1968
| 3,506,000
| 69,997
| 24,268
| 45,729
| 20.0
| 6.9
| 13.0
| 2.3
| style="color: blue" | 2.65
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1969
| 3,549,000
| 67,575
| 26,249
| 41,326
| 19.0
| 7.4
| 11.5
| 0.8
| style="color: blue" | 2.58
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1970
| 3,594,000
| 69,778
| 26,577
| 43,201
| 19.4
| 7.4
| 12.0
| 0.7
| style="color: blue" | 2.56
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1971
| 3,647,000
| 73,643
| 27,889
| 45,754
| 20.2
| 7.6
| 12.5
| 2.2
| style="color: blue" | 2.63
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1972
| 3,700,000
| 76,198
| 28,001
| 48,197
| 20.6
| 7.6
| 13.0
| 1.5
| style="color: blue" | 2.63
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1973
| 3,748,000
| 76,339
| 30,756
| 45,583
| 20.4
| 8.2
| 12.2
| 0.8
| style="color: blue" | 2.59
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1974
| 3,794,000
| 77,474
| 32,216
| 45,258
| 20.4
| 8.5
| 11.9
| 0.4
| style="color: blue" | 2.55
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1975
| 3,839,000
| 79,169
| 35,635
| 43,534
| 20.6
| 9.3
| 11.3
| 0.6
| style="color: blue" | 2.52
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1976
| 3,877,000
| 79,863
| 34,812
| 45,051
| 20.6
| 9.0
| 11.6
| -1.7
| style="color: blue" | 2.46
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1977
| 3,910,000
| 79,022
| 37,250
| 41,772
| 20.2
| 9.5
| 10.7
| -2.2
| style="color: blue" | 2.40
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1978
| 3,936,000
| 78,994
| 38,410
| 40,584
| 20.1
| 9.8
| 10.3
| -3.7
| style="color: blue" | 2.38
| 1.70
| style="color: blue" | 3.00
|-
| 1979
| 3,967,000
| 80,152
| 41,729
| 38,423
| 20.2
| 10.5
| 9.7
| -1.8
| style="color: blue" | 2.39
| 1.80
| style="color: blue" | 2.90
|-
| 1980
| 4,010,000
| 79,580
| 40,472
| 39,108
| 19.8
| 10.1
| 9.8
| 1.0
| style="color: blue" | 2.41
| 1.80
| style="color: blue" | 2.90
|-
| 1981
| 4,054,000
| 82,279
| 41,476
| 40,803
| 20.3
| 10.2
| 10.1
| 0.9
| style="color: blue" | 2.45
| 1.80
| style="color: blue" | 3.10
|-
| 1982
| 4,097,000
| 83,258
| 41,046
| 42,212
| 20.3
| 10.0
| 10.3
| 0.3
| style="color: blue" | 2.43
| 1.79
| style="color: blue" | 3.19
|-
| 1983
| 4,137,000
| 91,304
| 44,329
| 46,975
| 22.1
| 10.7
| 11.4
| -1.6
| style="color: blue" | 2.57
| 1.87
| style="color: blue" | 3.46
|-
| 1984
| 4,175,000
| 89,637
| 45,537
| 44,100
| 21.5
| 10.9
| 10.6
| -1.4
| style="color: blue" | 2.67
| 1.95
| style="color: blue" | 3.65
|-
| 1985
| 4,214,000
| 90,453
| 46,075
| 44,378
| 21.5
| 10.9
| 10.5
| -1.2
| style="color: blue" | 2.70
| 2.00
| style="color: blue" | 3.70
|-
| 1986
| 4,255,000
| 94,726
| 40,437
| 54,289
| 22.3
| 9.5
| 12.8
| -3.1
| style="color: blue" | 2.78
| 2.00
| style="color: blue" | 3.80
|-
| 1987
| 4,290,000
| 91,762
| 40,185
| 51,577
| 21.4
| 9.4
| 12.0
| -3.8
| style="color: blue" | 2.70
| style="color: blue" | 2.10
| style="color: blue" | 3.80
|-
| 1988
| 4,321,000
| 88,568
| 40,912
| 47,656
| 20.5
| 9.5
| 11.0
| -3.8
| style="color: blue" | 2.63
| 2.00
| style="color: blue" | 3.60
|-
| 1989
| 4,349,000
| 82,221
| 40,113
| 42,108
| 18.9
| 9.2
| 9.7
| -3.2
| style="color: blue" | 2.46
| 2.02
| style="color: blue" | 3.00
|-
| 1990
| style="color: blue" | 4,364,000
| 77,085
| 42,427
| 34,658
| 17.7
| 9.7
| 7.9
| -4.5
| style="color: blue" | 2.39
| 1.91
| style="color: blue" | 3.07
|-
| 1991
| 4,363,000
| 72,020
| 45,849
| 26,171
| 16.5
| 10.5
| 6.0
| -6.2
| style="color: blue" | 2.26
| 1.79
| style="color: blue" | 2.84
|-
| 1992
| 4,353,000
| 69,654
| 44,522
| 25,132
| 16.0
| 10.2
| 5.8
| -8.1
| style="color: blue" | 2.21
| 1.68
| style="color: blue" | 2.86
|-
| 1993
| 4,350,000
| 66,179
| 46,637
| 19,542
| 15.2
| 10.7
| 4.5
| -5.2
| style="color: blue" | 2.10
| 1.53
| style="color: blue" | 2.77
|-
| 1994
| 4,350,000
| 62,085
| 51,514
| 10,571
| 14.3
| 12.0
| 2.3
| -2.3
| 1.95
| 1.44
| style="color: blue" | 2.54
|-
| 1995
| 4,340,000
| 56,411
| 52,969
| 3,442
| 13.0
| 12.2
| 0.8
| -3.1
| 1.76
| 1.31
| style="color: blue" | 2.24
|-
| 1996
| 4,325,000
| 51,865
| 49,748
| 2,117
| 12.0
| 11.5
| 0.5
| -4.0
| 1.60
| 1.19
| 2.05
|-
| 1997
| 4,311,000
| 51,286
| 51,138
|  148
| 11.9
| 11.9
| 0.0
| -3.2
| 1.55
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1998
| 4,318,000
| 46,705
| 47,691
| style="color: red" | −986
| 10.8
| 11.0
| style="color: red" | −0.2
| 1.8
| 1.48
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|-
| 1999
| 4,307,000
| 43,511 || 48,904 || style="color: red" | −5,393
| 10.1 || 11.4 || style="color: red" | −1.3
| -1.2
| 1.43
| 
| style="color: blue" | 
|}
(e)= estimate

===Moldova under central government control===
*Source: [[National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova|National Bureau of Statistics]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/index.php/ro|title=Biroul Național de Statistică al Republicii Moldova|website=Biroul Național de Statistică al Republicii Moldova|access-date=10 May 2023|archive-date=25 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230525185941/https://statistica.gov.md/index.php/ro|url-status=live}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!
! width="70pt"|Average population 
! width="70pt"|Live births
! width="70pt"|Deaths
! width="70pt"|Natural change
! width="70pt"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Natural change (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Crude migration rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Total fertility rate (TFR)
! width="60pt"|Urban TFR 
! width="60pt"|Rural TFR 
! width="80pt"|Life Expectancy<br />(total)
! width="80pt"|Life Expectancy<br />(male)
! width="80pt"|Life Expectancy<br />(female)
|-
| 1997
|3,654,000
|45,583||42,957||2,626
|12.5||11.8||0.7
|
|1.73||1.36||style="color: blue" | 2.09
|66.61||62.86||70.30
|-
| 1998
|3,652,000
|41,332||39,922||1,410
|11.3||10.9||0.4
| -0.9
|1.67||1.32||2.03
|67.77||64.03||71.39
|-
| 1999
|3,647,000
|38,501||41,315|| style="color: red" | −2,814
|10.6||11.3||style="color: red" | −0.8
| -0.6
|1.61||1.26||1.97
|67.44||63.74||71.04
|-
| 2000
|3,640,000
|36,939||41,224|| style="color: red" | −4,285
|10.2||11.3||style="color: red" | −1.2
| -0.7
|1.57||1.23||1.95
|67.59||63.87||71.22
|-
| 2001
|3,631,000
|36,448||40,075|| style="color: red" | −3,627
|10.0||11.0||style="color: red" | −1.0
| -1.5
|1.48||1.21||1.92
|68.20||64.50||71.75
|-
| 2002
|3,623,000
|35,705||41,852|| style="color: red" | −6,147
|9.9||11.6||style="color: red" | −1.7
| -0.5
||1.41||1.13||1.89
|68.13||64.40||71.71
|-
| 2003
|3,613,000
|36,471||43,079|| style="color: red" | −6,608
|10.1||11.9||style="color: red" | −1.8
| -1.0 
|1.47||1.18||1.88
|68.13||64.47||71.64
|-
| 2004
|3,604,000
|38,272||41,668|| style="color: red" | −3,396
|10.6||11.6||style="color: red" | −0.9
| -1.6
|1.50||1.19||1.91
|68.38||64.50||72.16
|-
| 2005
|3,595,000
|37,695||44,689|| style="color: red" | −6,994
|10.5||12.4||style="color: red" | −1.9
| -0.6
|style="color: red"|1.219||style="color: red" |0.94||style="color: red" | 1.301
|67.85||63.84||71.66
|-
| 2006
|3,586,000
|37,587||43,137|| style="color: red" | −5,550
|10.5||12.0||style="color: red" | −1.5
| -1.0
|1.228||1.025||1.387
|68.40||64.57||72.23
|-
| 2007
|3,577,000
|37,973||43,050|| style="color: red" | −5,077
|10.6||12.0||style="color: red" | −1.4
| -1.1
|1.256||0.973||1.543
|68.79||65.04||72.56
|-
| 2008
|3,570,000
|39,018||41,948|| style="color: red" | −2,930
|10.9||11.7||style="color: red" | −0.8
| -1.2
|1.277||1.018||1.533
|69.36||65.55||73.17
|-
| 2009
|3,566,000
|40,803||42,139|| style="color: red" | −1,336
|11.4||11.8||style="color: red" | −0.4
| -0.7
|1.326||1.048||1.582
|69.31||65.31||73.37
|-
| 2010
|3,563,000
|40,474||43,631|| style="color: red" | −3,157
|11.4||12.3||style="color: red" | −0.9
| 0.1
|1.309||1.055||1.531
|69.11||65.00||73.41
|-
| 2011
|3,560,000
|39,182||39,249|| style="color: red" | −67
|11.0||11.0||style="color: red" | −0.0
| -0.8
|1.266||1.009||1.482
|70.88||66.82||74.93
|-
| 2012
| 3,560,000
| 39,435||39,560|| style="color: red" | −125
| 11.0||11.1|| style="color: red" | −0.1
| 0.1
| 1.279||1.030||1.483
| 71.12||67.24||74.99
|-
| 2013
| 3,559,000
| 37,871|| 38,060|| style="color: red" | −189
| 10.6|| 10.7|| style="color: red" | −0.1
| -0.2
| 1.238 ||0.975||1.449
| 71.85||68.05||75.55
|-
| 2014
| 2,857,815
| 40,709|| 39,522|| |1,187
| 14.3|| 13.8|| | 0.5
| -197.5
| 1.82 || 1.52|| 2.04
| 69.33 ||65.20||73.60
|-
| 2015
| 2,835,978
| 40,547|| 39,800|| | 747
| 14.4|| 14.1|| | 0.4
| -8.0
| 1.87 || 1.52|| style="color: blue" | 2.11
| 69.37||65.22||73.72
|-
| 2016
| 2,803,186
| 39,640|| 38,412|| | 1,228
| 14.3|| 13.7|| | 0.5
| -12.1
| 1.89 || 1.56|| style="color: blue" | 2.12
| 69.85||65.68||74.20
|-
| 2017
| 2,755,189
| 36,363||36,779|| style="color: red" | −416
| 13.2|| 13.3|| style="color: red" | −0.2
| -16.9
| 1.81 ||1.49||2.03
| 70.77||66.71||74.92
|-
| 2018
| 2,707,203
| 34,537||37,263|| style="color: red" | −2,726
| 12.8|| 13.8|| style="color: red" | −1.0
| -16.4
| 1.81 ||1.48||2.03
| 70.6||66.3||75.0
|-
| 2019
| 2,664,224
| 32,423||36,411|| style="color: red" | −3,988
| 12.2|| 13.7|| style="color: red" | −1.5
| -14.4
| 1.78|| 1.47||1.99
| 70.9||66.8||75.2
|-
| 2020
| 2,635,130
| 30,834||40,717|| style="color: red" | −9,883
| 11.7 || 15.5 || style="color: red" | −3.8
| -7.1
| 1.76 || 1.46||1.98
| 69.9||66.0||73.9
|-
| 2021
| 2,595,809
| 29,320||45,464|| style="color: red" | −16,144
| 11.3 || 17.5 || style="color: red" | −6.2
| -8.7
| 1.75 || 1.48|| 1.94
| 69.0 ||65.1||72.9 
|-
| 2022
| 2,538,894
| 27,018||36,196|| style="color: red" |–9,178
| 10.6|| 14.3 || style="color: red" | −3.6
| -18.3
| 1.69 || 1.46|| 1.87
| 71.4||67.1||75.7
|-
| 2023
| 2,492,300
| 24,033||33,733|| style="color: red" |–9,700
| 9.8 || 13.7 || style="color: red" | −3.9
| 
| 1.61 || || 
| 72.0||67.5||76.4
|}

*Starting with 2014, the sharp changes<ref>{{in lang|ro}} [http://statistica.gov.md/public/files/evenimente/2019/Recalculul_populatiei/Infografice.pdf Biroul Național de Statistică prezintă numărul revizuit al populației Republicii Moldova și datele despre migrația internațională | Infografice cu privire la numărul revizuit al populației și indicatori demografici] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190802184318/http://statistica.gov.md/public/files/evenimente/2019/Recalculul_populatiei/Infografice.pdf |date=2 August 2019 }}</ref> in the statistics are because of the new calculation methods and according with the [[2014 Moldovan Census|latest census]], and include only data of resident people that lived in the country predominantly during the last 12 months, regardless of temporary absences (for the purpose of recreation, vacations, visits to relatives and friends, business, medical treatment, religious pilgrimages, etc.).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/ro/numarul-populatiei-cu-resedinta-obisnuita-in-republica-moldova-pe-sexe-9578_3178.html|title=Numărul populaţiei cu reședința obișnuită în Republica Moldova pe sexe şi grupe de vârstă la începutul anului 2019|date=17 July 2019|website=Numărul populaţiei cu reședința obișnuită în Republica Moldova pe sexe şi grupe de vârstă la începutul anului 2019|access-date=10 May 2023|archive-date=27 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230527133739/https://statistica.gov.md/ro/numarul-populatiei-cu-resedinta-obisnuita-in-republica-moldova-pe-sexe-9578_3178.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Total fertility rates by regions===
<ref>{{Cite web |title=Total fertility rate by Districts/Regions and Years |url=https://statbank.statistica.md/PxWeb/pxweb/en/20%20Populatia%20si%20procesele%20demografice/20%20Populatia%20si%20procesele%20demografice__POP030/POP032400reg.px/?rxid=9a62a0d7-86c4-45da-b7e4-fecc26003802 |access-date=2025-04-19 |website=PxWeb |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ 2023
![[Administrative divisions of Moldova|Regions]]
!TFR
|-
|[[Central Development Region]]
|1.90
|-
|[[Southern Development Region]]
|1.78
|-
|[[Northern Development Region]]
|1.62
|-
!{{Flag|Moldova}}
!1.61
|}

====Total fertility rate by local authority district====
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|+ 2023
![[Administrative divisions of Moldova|Districts]]
!TFR
|-
|[[Cantemir District|Cantemir]]
|style="color:blue"|2.16
|-
|[[Ștefan Vodă District|Stefan-Voda]]
|style="color:blue"|2.15
|-
|[[Rezina District|Rezina]]
|2.08
|-
|[[Nisporeni District|Nisporeni]]
|2.05
|-
|[[Telenesti District|Telenesti]]
|2.02
|-
|[[Orhei District|Orhei]]
|2.01
|-
|[[Hincesti District|Hincesti]]
|1.99
|-
|[[Dubasari District|Dubasari]]
|1.98
|-
|[[Ungheni District|Ungheni]]
|1.94
|-
|[[Falesti District|Falesti]]
|1.91
|-
|[[Criuleni District|Criuleni]]
|1.90
|-
|[[Calarasi District|Calarasi]]
|1.88
|-
|[[Soldanesti District|Soldanesti]]
|1.88
|-
|[[Singerei District|Singerei]]
|1.87
|-
|[[Straseni District|Straseni]]
|1.84
|-
|[[Leova District|Leova]]
|1.77
|-
|[[Riscani District|Riscani]]
|1.76
|-
|[[Cimislia District|Cimislia]]
|1.73
|-
|[[Ialoveni District|Ialoveni]]
|1.72
|-
|[[Cahul District|Cahul]]
|1.70
|-
|[[Causeni District|Causeni]]
|1.69
|-
|[[Drochia District|Drochia]]
|1.67
|-
|[[Floresti District|Floresti]]
|1.66
|-
|[[Glodeni District|Glodeni]]
|1.62
|-
|[[Soroca District|Soroca]]
|1.62
|-
|[[Donduseni District|Donduseni]]
|1.61
|-
|[[Anenii Noi District|Anenii Noi]]
|1.61
|-
|[[Edinet District|Edinet]]
|1.58
|-
|[[Gagauzia]]
|1.56
|-
|[[Basarabeasca District|Basarabeasca]]
|1.52
|-
|[[Taraclia District|Taraclia]]
|1.50
|-
|[[Ocnita District|Ocnita]]
|1.46
|-
|[[Bălți]]
|1.41
|-
|[[Briceni District|Briceni]]
|1.40
|-
|[[Chisinau]]
|1.25
|}

===Current vital statistics===
<ref>{{cite web|title=Quarterly statistical bulletin|date=10 February 2022|url=https://statistica.gov.md/pageview.php?l=ro&id=2210&idc=263|access-date=10 April 2021|archive-date=10 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210410153737/https://statistica.gov.md/pageview.php?l=ro&id=2210&idc=263|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|title=Natural movement
|url=https://statistica.gov.md/en/statistic_indicator_details/33
|access-date=7 July 2023
|archive-date=7 July 2023
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230707161639/https://statistica.gov.md/en/statistic_indicator_details/33
|url-status=live
}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"  style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Period
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural increase
|-
| '''January – September 2023'''
| 15,682
| 25,354
| -9,672
|-
| '''January – September 2024'''
| 15,518
| 25,253
| -9,735
|-
| '''Difference'''
| {{decrease}} -164 (-1.05%)
| {{DecreasePositive}} -101 (-0.4%)
| {{decrease}} -63
|}

===Structure of the population===

{{Hidden begin 
|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (12.V.2014) (Excludes non-residents present in country at time of census (visitors, foreigners temporarily residing in country, etc.). Tiraspol, Bender, Slobozia, Ribnita, Camenca Yrigoricpol/Grigoriopol are districts from Transnistria where the census was not conducted.):<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=unstats.un.org |archive-date=18 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218223334/https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |url-status=live }}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 1 352 099
| align="right" | 1 452 702 
| align="right" | 2 804 801
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 88 311
| align="right" | 83 681
| align="right" | 171 992
| align="right" | 6.13
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 82 455 
| align="right" | 78 229
| align="right" | 160 684
| align="right" | 5.73
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 77 275
| align="right" | 72 752
| align="right" | 150 027
| align="right" | 5.35
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 93 727
| align="right" | 89 965
| align="right" | 183 692
| align="right" | 6.55
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 118 376
| align="right" | 112 777
| align="right" | 231 153
| align="right" | 8.24
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 129 771
| align="right" | 121 694 
| align="right" | 251 465
| align="right" | 8.97
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 109 201
| align="right" | 105 669
| align="right" | 214 870
| align="right" | 7.66
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 95 575
| align="right" | 95 220
| align="right" | 190 795
| align="right" | 6.80
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 87 451
| align="right" | 89 455
| align="right" | 176 906
| align="right" | 6.31
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 84 288
| align="right" | 89 276
| align="right" | 173 564
| align="right" | 6.19
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 98 512
| align="right" | 110 162
| align="right" | 208 674
| align="right" | 7.44
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 93 612
| align="right" | 110 213
| align="right" | 203 825
| align="right" | 7.27
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 79 681
| align="right" | 102 009
| align="right" | 181 690
| align="right" | 6.48
|-
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 39 652
| align="right" | 55 755
| align="right" | 95 407
| align="right" | 3.40
|-
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 32 645
| align="right" | 52 625
| align="right" | 85 270
| align="right" | 3.04
|-
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 22 757
| align="right" | 42 339
| align="right" | 65 096
| align="right" | 2.32
|-
| align="right" | 80-84
| align="right" | 12 543
| align="right" | 25 437
| align="right" | 37 980
| align="right" | 1.35
|-
| align="right" | 85-89
| align="right" | 4 801
| align="right" | 11 701
| align="right" | 16 502
| align="right" | 0.59
|-
| align="right" | 90-94
| align="right" | 1 148
| align="right" | 3 129
| align="right" | 4 277
| align="right" | 0.15
|-
| align="right" | 95-99
| align="right" | 158
| align="right" | 416
| align="right" | 574
| align="right" | 0.02
|-
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 160
| align="right" | 198
| align="right" | 358
| align="right" | 0.01
|-
! width="50"|Age group 
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 248 041
| align="right" | 234 662
| align="right" | 482 703
| align="right" | 17.21
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 990 194
| align="right" | 1 026 440
| align="right" | 2 016 634
| align="right" | 71.90
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 113 864
| align="right" | 191 600
| align="right" | 305 464
| align="right" | 10.89
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

{{Hidden begin 
|title= Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2021) (Provisional Estimates):<ref name="auto"/>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 1 247 309
| align="right" | 1 367 890 
| align="right" | 2 615 199
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 78 991
| align="right" | 73 900
| align="right" | 152 891
| align="right" | 5.85
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 86 335 
| align="right" | 81 443
| align="right" | 167 777
| align="right" | 6.42
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 80 298
| align="right" | 76 162
| align="right" | 156 459
| align="right" | 5.98
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 70 362
| align="right" | 66 581
| align="right" | 136 943
| align="right" | 5.24
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 67 961
| align="right" | 64 991
| align="right" | 132 952
| align="right" | 5.08
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 86 318
| align="right" | 86 189
| align="right" | 172 505
| align="right" | 6.60
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 105 175
| align="right" | 104 312
| align="right" | 209 486
| align="right" | 8.01
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 102 957
| align="right" | 102 774
| align="right" | 205 730
| align="right" | 7.87
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 87 693
| align="right" | 89 962
| align="right" | 177 654
| align="right" | 6.79
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 83 770
| align="right" | 87 522
| align="right" | 171 291
| align="right" | 6.55
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 78 838
| align="right" | 84 168
| align="right" | 163 005
| align="right" | 6.23
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 82 822
| align="right" | 95 630
| align="right" | 178 450
| align="right" | 6.82
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 87 913
| align="right" | 110 597
| align="right" | 198 508
| align="right" | 7.59
|-
| align="right" | 65-69
| align="right" | 66 170
| align="right" | 94 832
| align="right" | 161 002
| align="right" | 6.16
|-
| align="right" | 70-74
| align="right" | 44 974
| align="right" | 72 212
| align="right" | 117 186
| align="right" | 4.48
|-
| align="right" | 75-79
| align="right" | 18 045
| align="right" | 34 127
| align="right" | 52 171
| align="right" | 1.99
|-
| align="right" | 80-84
| align="right" | 12 325
| align="right" | 27 466
| align="right" | 39 788
| align="right" | 1.52
|-
| align="right" | 85+
| align="right" | 6 380
| align="right" | 15 045
| align="right" | 21 425
| align="right" | 0.82
|-
! width="50"|Age group 
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 245 624
| align="right" | 231 505
| align="right" | 477 129
| align="right" | 18.24
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 853 791
| align="right" | 892 703
| align="right" | 1 746 494
| align="right" | 66.78
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 147 894
| align="right" | 243 682
| align="right" | 391 576
| align="right" | 14.97
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

===Transnistrian-controlled areas===
Source:<ref>{{cite web|title=Yearbook of the State Statistics Service|url=http://mer.gospmr.org/gosudarstvennaya-sluzhba-statistiki/informacziya/ezhegodnik-gosudarstvennoj-sluzhby-statistiki.html|access-date=17 April 2021|archive-date=17 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210417155522/http://mer.gospmr.org/gosudarstvennaya-sluzhba-statistiki/informacziya/ezhegodnik-gosudarstvennoj-sluzhby-statistiki.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"
|-
!
! width="70pt"|Average population 
! width="70pt"|Live births
! width="70pt"|Deaths
! width="70pt" |Natural change
! width="70pt" |Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! width="70pt"|Natural change (per 1000)
|-
| 1997
| 657,000
|5,703||8,181|| style="color: red" | −2,478
|8.7||12.5||style="color: red"|−3.8
|-
| 1998
| 665,700
|5,373||7,769|| style="color: red" |-2,396
|8.1||11.7|| style="color: red" |-3.6
|-
| 1999
| 660,000
|5,010||7,589|| style="color: red" |-2,579
|7.6||11.5|| style="color: red" |-3.9
|-
| 2000
| 651,800
|5,010||7,770|| style="color: red" |-2,760
|7.7||11.9|| style="color: red" |-4.2
|-
| 2001
| 642,500
|4,505||7,759|| style="color: red" |-3,254
|7.0||12.1|| style="color: red" |-5.1
|-
| 2002
| 633,600
|4,630||8,118|| style="color: red" |-3,488
|7.3||12.8|| style="color: red" |-5.5
|-
| 2003
| 623,800
|4,440||8,192|| style="color: red" |-3,752
|7.1||13.1|| style="color: red" |-6.0
|-
| 2004
| 554,400
|4,840||8,031|| style="color: red" |-3,191
|8.7||14.5|| style="color: red" |-5.8
|-
| 2005
| 547,500
|4,664||8,186|| style="color: red" |-3,522
|8.5||15.0|| style="color: red" |-7.5
|-
| 2006
| 540,600
|4,868||8,306|| style="color: red" |-3,438
|9.0||15.4|| style="color: red" |-6.4
|-
| 2007
| 533,500
|4,893||8,132|| style="color: red" |-3,239
|9.2||15.2|| style="color: red" |-6.1
|-
| 2008
| 527,500
|5,290||7,967|| style="color: red" |-2,677
|10.0||15.1|| style="color: red" |-5.1
|-
| 2009
| 522,500
|5,189||7,454|| style="color: red" |-2,265
|9.9||14.3|| style="color: red" |-4.3
|-
| 2010
| 518,000
|5,189||7,709|| style="color: red" |-2,520
|10.0||14.9|| style="color: red" |-4.9
|-
| 2011
| 513,400
|4,999||7,289|| style="color: red" |-2,290
|9.7||14.2|| style="color: red" |-4.5
|-
| 2012
| 509,400
|5,173||7,280|| style="color: red" |-2,107
|10.2||14.3|| style="color: red" |-4.1
|-
| 2013
| 505,200
|4,806||6,867|| style="color: red" |-2,061
|9.5||13.6|| style="color: red" |-4.1
|-
|2014
|500,700
|4,994
|7,313
| style="color: red" | -2,319
|10.0
|14.6
|style="color: red"| -4.6
|-
| 2015
| 474,500
|4,959
|7,094
| style="color: red" | -2,135
|10.5
|15.0
|style="color: red"| -4.5
|-
|2016
|470,600
|4,676
|6,758
| style="color: red" | -2,082
|9.9
|14.4
|style="color: red"| -4.5
|-
|2017
|469,000
|4,500
|6,684
| style="color: red" | -2,184
|9.6
|14.3
|style="color: red"| -4.7
|-
|2018
|465,100
|4,086
|6,727
| style="color: red" | -2,641
|8.8
|14.5
|style="color: red"| -5.7
|-
|2019
|465,200
|3,646
|6,810
| style="color: red" | -3,164
|7.8
|14.6
|style="color: red"| -6.8
|-
|2020
|465,800
|3,463
|7,258
| style="color: red" | -3,795
|7.4
|15.6<ref name=StatsTransni2022/>
|style="color: red"|-8.1
|-
|2021
|465,300
|3,144
|style="color: red" | 8,980
|style="color: red" | -5,836 
|6.8
|19.3<ref name=StatsTransni2022/>
|style="color: red"|-12.5
|-
|2022<ref name=StatsTransni2022>{{cite web|author=Иван Тыняев|title=Демография – 2022|url=http://newspmr.com/novosti-pmr/obshhestvo/17514|website=newspmr.com|date=18 February 2023|access-date=18 February 2023|archive-date=18 February 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230218182416/http://newspmr.com/novosti-pmr/obshhestvo/17514|url-status=live}}</ref>
|459,800
|2,820
|6,483
|style="color: red" | -3,663
|6.1
|14.1
|style="color: red"|-8.0
|-
|2023<ref name=StatsTransni2023>{{cite web|author=Иван Тыняев|title=Демография – 2023|url=http://newspmr.com/novosti-pmr/obshhestvo/18290|website=newspmr.com|date=29 January 2024|access-date=4 February 2024|archive-date=4 February 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240204214125/http://newspmr.com/novosti-pmr/obshhestvo/18290|url-status=live}}</ref>
|455,700
|2,588
|6,152
|style="color: red" | -3,564
|5.7
|13.5
|style="color: red"|-7.8
|-
|2024<ref name=StatsTransni2024>{{cite web|language=ru|title=2 279 детей родились в Приднестровье в прошлом году|url=https://novostipmr.com/ru/news/25-03-27/v-proshlom-godu-v-pridnestrove-rodilos-pochti-23-tysyachi-detey|website=novostipmr.com|date=27 March 2025}}</ref>
|style="color: red" | 451,644
|style="color: red" | 2,279
|5,797
|style="color: red" | -3,518
|5.0
|12.8
|style="color: red"|-7.8
|}

===Current vital statistics===
{| class="wikitable"  style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Period
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural increase
|-
| '''January – December 2023'''<ref name=StatsTransni2023/>
| 2,588
| 6,152
| -3,564
|-
| '''January – December 2024'''<ref name=StatsTransni2024/>
| 2,279
| 5,797
| -3,518
|-
| '''Difference'''
| {{decrease}} -309 (-11.9%)
| {{DecreasePositive}} -355 (-5.8%)
| {{increase}} 46
|}

===Fertility Rate (The Demographic Health Survey)===
<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.dhsprogram.com/| title = The DHS Program – Quality information to plan, monitor and improve population, health, and nutrition programs| access-date = 4 June 2015| archive-date = 7 May 2015| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150507092555/http://dhsprogram.com/| url-status = live}}</ref>
Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! style="width:50pt;"| Year
! style="width:50pt;"| CBR (Total)
! style="width:50pt;"| TFR (Total)
! style="width:50pt;"| CBR (Urban)
! style="width:50pt;"| TFR (Urban)
! style="width:50pt;"| CBR (Rural)
! style="width:50pt;"| TFR (Rural)
|-
| 2005
| style="text-align:right;"| 12,0
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,7
| style="text-align:right;"| 12,5
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,5 
| style="text-align:right;"| 11,7
| style="text-align:right;"| 1,8 
|-
|}

== Ethnic groups and census numbers <span class="anchor" id="Ethnic groups"></span> ==
{{For|the national identity and name of the native language of the main ethnic group in Moldova|Controversy over ethnic and linguistic identity in Moldova}}
{{For|minorities of Moldova|Ukrainians in Moldova|Russians in Moldova|Gagauz people in Moldova|Bulgarians in Moldova|Jews in Moldova|Poles in Moldova|Greeks in Moldova}}
[[File:Harta etnica a Rep. Moldova - 2004.jpg|thumb|Ethnic map of Moldova (2004 data)]]
[[File:Rep.Moldova - Harta Etnică (2014).png|thumb|Ethnic map of Moldova (2014 data)]]
Out of the 2,804,801 people covered by the 2014 Moldovan census, 2,754,719 gave an answer as to their ethnic affiliation. Among them, 2,068,068 or 73.7% declared themselves Moldovans and 192,800 or 6.9% [[Romanians]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=479&|title=// Recensămîntul populației și al locuințelor 2014|first=Biroul Naţional de|last=Statistică|website=Statistica.md|date=2 August 2013|access-date=2 August 2017|archive-date=16 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170816143726/http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=479&|url-status=live}}</ref> Some organisations such as the [[Liberal Party (Moldova)|Liberal party of Moldova]] have criticised the census results, claiming [[Romanians]] comprise 85% of the population and that census officials have pressured respondents to declare themselves Moldovans instead of [[Romanians]] and have purposefully failed to cover urban respondents who are more likely to declared themselves [[Romanians]] as opposed to Moldovans.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://inprofunzime.protv.md/stiri/politic/partidul-liberal-despre-datele-recensamantului-din-2014-prezentate.html| title = Partidul Liberal despre datele Recensamantului din 2014, prezentate abia astazi, in 2017: "Sunt viciate si nu reflecta realitatea din Republica Moldova"| access-date = 4 November 2017| archive-date = 7 November 2017| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171107010438/http://inprofunzime.protv.md/stiri/politic/partidul-liberal-despre-datele-recensamantului-din-2014-prezentate.html| url-status = live}}</ref>

At the same time, 181,035 declared themselves [[Ukrainians]], 111,726 [[Russians]], 126,010 [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]] and 51,867 [[Bulgarians]]. The proportion of [[Ukrainians]] and [[Russians]] in the area controlled by Chișinău has fallen from 8,4% to 6,5% and 5,9% to 4,0% respectively between 2004 and 2014. Meanwhile, the percentage of Gagauz has risen slightly from 4,4% in 2004 to 4,5% in 2014.<ref name="statistica.md"/>

The proportion of [[Ukrainians]] and [[Russians]] in the previous 2004 census also decreased considerably in comparison to the last Soviet census in 1989: from 13.8% to 11.2% and from 13.0% to 9.4% respectively out of the combined population including Transnistria. This is mostly due to emigration.
Of the total population that declared its ethnicity, in the 2024 census, people who declared themselves [[Moldovans|Moldovan]] and [[Romanians|Romanian]] constituted 77.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Among the ethnic minorities, 4.9% declared themselves [[Ukrainians in Moldova|Ukrainian]], 4.2% [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]], 3.2% [[Russians in Moldova|Russian]], 1.6% [[Bulgarians in Moldova|Bulgarian]], 0.4% [[Romani people in Moldova|Roma/Gypsy]] and 0.5% other ethnicities.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/ro/rezultatele-preliminare-ale-recensamantului-populatiei-si-locuintelor-2024-10077_61626.html|title=Rezultatele preliminare ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor 2024|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova]]|date=30 January 2025|language=ro}}</ref>

Of the total population that declared its ethnicity, in the 2024 census, people who declared themselves [[Moldovans|Moldovan]] and [[Romanians|Romanian]] constituted 77.2% and 7.9%, respectively. Among the ethnic minorities, 4.9% declared themselves [[Ukrainians in Moldova|Ukrainian]], 4.2% [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]], 3.2% [[Russians in Moldova|Russian]], 1.6% [[Bulgarians in Moldova|Bulgarian]], 0.4% [[Romani people in Moldova|Roma/Gypsy]] and 0.5% other ethnicities. Of the total urban population that declared its ethnicity in 2024, people who declared themselves Moldovan and Romanian constituted 70.5% and 9.7% respectively. Among the ethnic minorities, 6.1% declared themselves Ukrainian, 5.9% Russian, 4.1% Gagauz, 2.1% Bulgarian, 0.6% Roma/Gypsy and 1% other ethnicities. In Chișinău, the proportion was 72.9% Moldovans, 13.1% Romanians, 5.9% Russians, 5.1% Ukrainians, 0.8% Gagauz, 0.9% Bulgarians, 0.1% Roma/Gypsies and 1.2% other ethnicities.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/ro/rezultatele-preliminare-ale-recensamantului-populatiei-si-locuintelor-2024-10077_61626.html|title=Rezultatele preliminare ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor 2024|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova]]|date=30 January 2025|language=ro}}</ref>

Ukrainians mostly live in the east ([[Transnistria]]) and the north, while [[Russians]] mostly live in urban areas: 27% of all [[Russians]] live in [[Chișinău]], 18% live in [[Tiraspol]], 11% in [[Bender, Moldova|Bender]] and 6% in [[Bălți]].  Most of the [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]] live in the south of [[Moldova]] in the autonomous region of [[Gagauzia]].

===Total area===
{| class="wikitable"
|+ Population of Moldova according to ethnic group 1959–2024
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! rowspan="2" | Ethnic<br />group
! colspan="2" | census 1959<sup>1</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1970<sup>2</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1979<sup>3</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 1989<sup>4</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 2004<sup>5</sup>
! colspan="2" | census 2014<sup>5</sup>
! colspan="2" |census 2024<sup>6</sup>
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
! Number
! %
!Number
! %
|-
| [[Moldovans]]<sup>*</sup>
| align="right" | 1,886,566
| align="right" | 65.4
| align="right" | 2,303,916
| align="right" | 64.6
| align="right" | 2,525,687
| align="right" | 63.9
| align="right" | 2,794,749
| align="right" | 64.5
| align="right" | 2,742,231
| align="right" | 69.6
| align="right" | 2,068,058
| align="right" | 75.1
|1,792,200<sup>6</sup>
|77.2
|-
| [[Romanians]]<sup>*</sup>
| align="right" | 1,663
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 1,581
| align="right" | 0.0
| align="right" | 1,657
| align="right" | 0.0
| align="right" | 2,477
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 73,529
| align="right" | 1.9
| align="right" |  192,800
| align="right" | 7.0
|183,500<sup>6</sup>
|7.9
|-
| [[Ukrainians]]
| align="right" | 420,820
| align="right" | 14.6
| align="right" | 506,560
| align="right" | 14.2
| align="right" | 560,679
| align="right" | 14.2
| align="right" | 600,366
| align="right" | 13.8
| align="right" | 442,475
| align="right" | 11.2
| align="right" | 181,035
| align="right" | 6.6
|114,400<sup>6</sup>
|4.9
|-
| [[Gagauzians]]
| align="right" | 95,856
| align="right" | 3.3
| align="right" | 124,902
| align="right" | 3.5
| align="right" | 138,000
| align="right" | 3.5
| align="right" | 153,548
| align="right" | 3.5
| align="right" | 151,596
| align="right" | 3.8
| align="right" |  126,010
| align="right" | 4.6
|98,200<sup>6</sup>
|4.2
|-
| [[Russians]]
| align="right" | 292,930
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 414,444
| align="right" | 11.6
| align="right" | 505,730
| align="right" | 12.8
| align="right" | 562,069
| align="right" | 13.0
| align="right" | 369,896
| align="right" | 9.4
| align="right" | 111,726
| align="right" | 4.1
|75,300<sup>6</sup>
|3.2
|-
| [[Bulgarians]]
| align="right" | 61,652
| align="right" | 2.1
| align="right" | 73,776
| align="right" | 2.1
| align="right" | 80,665
| align="right" | 2.0
| align="right" | 88,419
| align="right" | 2.0
| align="right" | 79,520
| align="right" | 2.0
| align="right" | 51,867
| align="right" | 1.9
|37,000<sup>6</sup>
|1.6
|-
| [[Romani people|Romani]]
| align="right" | 7,265
| align="right" | 0.3
| align="right" | 9,235
| align="right" | 0.3
| align="right" | 10,666
| align="right" | 0.3
| align="right" | 11,571
| align="right" | 0.3
| align="right" | 12,778
| align="right" | 0.3
| align="right" | 9,323
| align="right" | 0.3
|8,900<sup>6</sup>
|0.4
|-
| [[Jews]]
| align="right" | 95,104
| align="right" | 3.3
| align="right" | 98,062
| align="right" | 2.7
| align="right" | 80,124
| align="right" | 2.0
| align="right" | 65,799
| align="right" | 1.5
| align="right" | 4,867
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 1,601
| align="right" | <0.1
|
|
|-
| [[Polish people|Poles]]
| align="right" | 4,783
| align="right" | 0.2
| align="right" | 4,899
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 4,961
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 4,739
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 4,174
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" |1,404
| align="right" | <0.1
|
|
|-
| Others
| align="right" | 17,838
| align="right" | 0.6
| align="right" | 31,498
| align="right" | 0.9
| align="right" | 41,587
| align="right" | 1.1
| align="right" | 51,623
| align="right" | 1.2
| align="right" | 57,613
| align="right" | 1.5
| align="right" | 10,900
| align="right" | 0.5
|12,500<sup>6</sup>
|0.5
|-bgcolor="#e0e0e0"
! align="left" | Total
! colspan="2" | 2,884,477
! colspan="2" | 3,568,873
! colspan="2" | 3,949,756
! colspan="2" | 4,335,360
! colspan="2" | 3,938,679
! colspan="2" | 2,998,235
! colspan="2" |2,401,200
|-
| colspan="15" | <small><sup>1</sup> Source: [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_59.php] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316172652/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_59.php |date=16 March 2010 }}. <sup>2</sup> Source: [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_70.php] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203151519/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_70.php |date=3 December 2009 }}. <sup>3</sup> Source: [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_79.php] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100324145212/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_79.php |date=24 March 2010 }}. <sup>4</sup> Source: [http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100316172713/http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/sng_nac_89.php |date=16 March 2010 }}. <sup>5</sup> Source: [http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=479] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171030171529/http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=ro&idc=479 |date=30 October 2017 }}[http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=POP&f=tableCode%3a26%3bcountryCode%3a498%3brefYear%3a2014%3bareaCode%3a0%3bsexCode%3a0&c=2,3,6,8,10,12,14,15,16&s=_countryEnglishNameOrderBy:asc,refYear:desc,areaCode:asc&v=1] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107201607/http://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=POP&f=tableCode:26%3BcountryCode:498%3BrefYear:2014%3BareaCode:0%3BsexCode:0&c=2,3,6,8,10,12,14,15,16&s=_countryEnglishNameOrderBy:asc,refYear:desc,areaCode:asc&v=1 |date=7 November 2021 }} <sup>5</sup>:2004 combined censuses of the government-controlled area and Transnistria. <sup>6</sup> Source:[https://statistica.gov.md/files/files/serii_de_timp/recensamant_2024/Date_preliminare_RPL%202024_30_01_25.xlsx] <sup>6</sup>:2014 and 2024 censuses were conducted only in government-controlled area. <sup>6</sup>: Data presented is based on the enumerated usually resident population.</small><small><sup>*</sup> There is an [[Controversy over linguistic and ethnic identity in Moldova|ongoing controversy]], whether Romanians and Moldovans should be counted together.  </small>
|}

Declared country of birth for the current inhabitants of the part of Moldova under the central government control, according to the 2004 census:

{| class="wikitable"
|+
! | <small>ethnic group</small>
! colspan="5"| <small>total population</small>
! colspan="5"| <small>urban</small>
! colspan="5"| <small>rural</small>
|-
|align="right"| || align="center"|<small>total</small> || align="center"|<small>[[Moldova]]</small> || align="center"|<small>former [[USSR]]</small> || align="center"|<small>other countries</small> || align="center"|<small>non-declared</small> || align="center"|<small>total</small> || align="center"|<small>Moldova</small> || align="center"|<small>former USSR</small> || align="center"|<small>other countries</small> || align="center"|<small>non-declared</small> || align="center"|<small>total</small> || align="center"|<small>Moldova</small> || align="center"|<small>former USSR</small> || align="center"|<small>other countries</small> || align="center"|<small>non-declared</small>
|-
|colspan="17"|
|-
| <small>[[Moldovans]] and [[Romanians]]</small>|| align="right"|<small>2,638,125<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>2,604,051<br />98.71%</small> || align="right"|<small>30,360<br />1.15%</small> || align="right"|<small>3,345<br />0.13%</small> || align="right"|<small>369<br />0.01%</small> || align="right"|<small>870,445<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>848,554<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>19,501<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>2,081<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>309<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,767,680<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,755,497<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>10,859<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,264<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>60<br />%</small>
|-
| <small>[[Ukrainians]] </small>|| align="right"|<small>282,406<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>227,750<br />80.65%</small> || align="right"|<small>54,036<br />19.13%</small> || align="right"|<small>598<br />0.21%</small> || align="right"|<small>22<br />0.01%</small> || align="right"|<small>145,890<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>103,039<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>42,318<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>514<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>19<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>136,516<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small><br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>11,718<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>84<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>3<br />%</small>
|-
| <small>[[Russians]] </small>|| align="right"|<small>201,218<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>129,664<br />64.44%</small> || align="right"|<small>70,380<br />34.98%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,096<br />0.54%</small> || align="right"|<small>78<br />0.04%</small> || align="right"|<small>166,395<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>106,580<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>58,739<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,011<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>65<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>34,823<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>23,084<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>11,641<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>85<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>13<br />%</small>
|-
| <small>[[Gagauzians]] </small>|| align="right"|<small>147,500<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>144,268<br />97.81%</small> || align="right"|<small>3,101<br />2.10%</small> || align="right"|<small>120<br />0.08%</small> || align="right"|<small>11<br />0.01%</small> || align="right"|<small>53,613<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>51,586<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,941<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>76<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>10<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>93,887<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>92,682<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,160<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>44<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1<br />%</small>
|-
| <small>[[Bessarabian Bulgarians|Bulgarians]]</small> || align="right"|<small>65,662<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>59,489<br />90.60%</small> || align="right"|<small>5,968<br />9.09%</small> || align="right"|<small>199<br />0.30%</small> || align="right"|<small>6<br />0.01%</small> || align="right"|<small>29,447<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>25,215<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>4,071<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>156<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>5<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>36,215<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>34,274<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1,897<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>43<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1<br />%</small>
|-
| <small>others </small>|| align="right"|<small>34,401<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>22,702<br />65.99%</small> || align="right"|<small>10,797<br />31.39%</small> || align="right"|<small>894<br />2.60%</small> || align="right"|<small>8<br />0.02%</small> || align="right"|<small>26,058<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>16,973<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>8,358<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>722<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>5<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>8,343<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>5,729<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>2,439<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>172<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>3<br />%</small>
|-
| <small>non-declared </small>|| align="right"|<small>14,020<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>13,894<br />99.10%</small> || align="right"|<small>12<br />0.09%</small> || align="right"|<small>28<br />0.20%</small> || align="right"|<small>86<br />0.61%</small> || align="right"|<small>13,807<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>13,668<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>9<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>27<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>83<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>213<br />100%</small> || align="right"|<small>206<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>3<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>1<br />%</small> || align="right"|<small>3<br />%</small>
|-
|colspan="19"|
|-
| <small>'''Total'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''3,383,332'''</small><br />'''<small>100%</small>''' || align="right"|<small>'''3,201,818'''</small><br /><small>'''94.64%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''174,654'''</small><br /><small>'''5.16%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''6,280'''</small><br /><small>'''0.19%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''580'''</small><br /><small>'''0.02%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''1,305,655'''</small><br /><small>'''100%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''1,165,635'''</small><br /><small>'''89.28%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''134,937'''</small><br /><small>'''10.33%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''4,587'''</small><br /><small>'''0.35%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''496'''</small><br /><small>'''0.04%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''2,077,677'''</small><br /><small>'''100%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''2,036,183'''</small><br /><small>'''98.00%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''39,717'''</small><br /><small>'''1.91%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''1,693'''</small><br /><small>'''0.08%'''</small> || align="right"|<small>'''84'''</small><br /><small>'''0.004%'''</small>
|-
|}

Population by district, according to the 2004 census:

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
!  !! <small>Population</small> !! <small>[[Moldovans]]</small><sup>'''1'''</sup> !! <small>[[Ukrainians]]</small> !! <small>[[Russians]]</small> !! <small>[[Gagauzians]]</small> !! <small>[[Bulgarians]]</small> !! <small>[[Romanians]]</small><sup>'''1'''</sup> !! <small>Jews</small> !! <small>[[Polish people|Poles]]</small> !! <small>[[Romani people|Gypsies]]</small> !! <small>others</small>
|-
|-
| align="left" | [[Chișinău]] || align="right" | 712,218|| align="right" | '''481,626'''
:'''{{smaller|67.62%}}'''
| align="right" | 58,945
:{{smaller|8.28%}}
| align="right" | 99,149
:{{smaller|13.92%}}
| align="right" | 6,446
:{{smaller|0.91%}}
| align="right" | 8,868
:{{smaller|1.25%}}
| align="right" | 31,984
:{{smaller|4.49%}}
| align="right" | 2,649
:{{smaller|0.37%}}
| align="right" | 834
:{{smaller|0.12%}}
| align="right" | 507
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 21,210
:{{smaller|2.98%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Bălți]] || align="right" | 127,561|| align="right" | '''66,877'''
:'''{{smaller|52.43%}}'''
| align="right" | 30,288
:{{smaller|23.74%}}
| align="right" | 24,526
:{{smaller|19.23%}}
| align="right" | 243
:{{smaller|0.19%}}
| align="right" | 297
:{{smaller|0.23%}}
| align="right" | 2,258
:{{smaller|1.77%}}
| align="right" | 411
:{{smaller|0.32%}}
| align="right" | 862
:{{smaller|0.68%}}
| align="right" | 272
:{{smaller|0.21%}}
| align="right" | 1,527
:{{smaller|1.20%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Gagauzia]] || align="right" | 155,646|| align="right" | 7,481
:{{smaller|4.81%}}
| align="right" | 4,919
:{{smaller|3.16%}}
| align="right" | 5,941
:{{smaller|3.82%}}
| align="right" | '''127,835'''
:'''{{smaller|82.13%}}'''
| align="right" | 8,013
:{{smaller|5.15%}}
| align="right" | 38
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 17
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 28
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 486
:{{smaller|0.31%}}
| align="right" | 888
:{{smaller|0.57%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Anenii Noi District|Anenii Noi]] || align="right" | 81,710|| align="right" | '''68,761'''
:'''{{smaller|84.15%}}'''
| align="right" | 6,526
:{{smaller|7.99%}}
| align="right" | 4,135
:{{smaller|5.06%}}
| align="right" | 235
:{{smaller|0.29%}}
| align="right" | 481
:{{smaller|0.59%}}
| align="right" | 857
:{{smaller|1.05%}}
| align="right" | 17
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 28
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 228
:{{smaller|0.28%}}
| align="right" | 442
:{{smaller|0.54%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Basarabeasca District|Basarabeasca]] || align="right" | 28,978|| align="right" | '''20,218'''
:'''{{smaller|69.77%}}'''
| align="right" | 1,948
:{{smaller|6.72%}}
| align="right" | 2,568
:{{smaller|8.86%}}
| align="right" | 2,220
:{{smaller|7.66%}}
| align="right" | 1,544
:{{smaller|5.33%}}
| align="right" | 70
:{{smaller|0.24%}}
| align="right" | 13
:{{smaller|0.04%}}
| align="right" | 5
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 216
:{{smaller|0.75%}}
| align="right" | 176
:{{smaller|0.61%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Briceni District|Briceni]] || align="right" | 78,027|| align="right" | '''55,123'''
:'''{{smaller|70.65%}}'''
| align="right" | 19,939
:{{smaller|25.55%}}
| align="right" | 2,061
:{{smaller|2.64%}}
| align="right" | 59
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 45
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 314
:{{smaller|0.40%}}
| align="right" | 84
:{{smaller|0.11%}}
| align="right" | 10
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 187
:{{smaller|0.24%}}
| align="right" | 205
:{{smaller|0.26%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Cahul District|Cahul]] || align="right" | 119,231|| align="right" | '''91,001'''
:'''{{smaller|76.32%}}'''
| align="right" | 7,842
:{{smaller|6.58%}}
| align="right" | 7,702
:{{smaller|6.46%}}
| align="right" | 3,665
:{{smaller|3.07%}}
| align="right" | 5,816
:{{smaller|4.88%}}
| align="right" | 2,095
:{{smaller|1.76%}}
| align="right" | 40
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 29
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 238
:{{smaller|0.20%}}
| align="right" | 803
:{{smaller|0.67%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Cantemir District|Cantemir]] || align="right" | 60,001|| align="right" | '''52,986'''
:'''{{smaller|88.31%}}'''
| align="right" | 969
:{{smaller|1.61%}}
| align="right" | 710
:{{smaller|1.18%}}
| align="right" | 519
:{{smaller|0.86%}}
| align="right" | 3,736
:{{smaller|6.23%}}
| align="right" | 910
:{{smaller|1.52%}}
| align="right" | –
:{{smaller|0%}}
| align="right" | 11
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 43
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 117
:{{smaller|0.19%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Călărași District|Călărași]] || align="right" | 75,075|| align="right" | '''69,190'''
:'''{{smaller|92.16%}}'''
| align="right" | 2,799
:{{smaller|3.73%}}
| align="right" | 947
:{{smaller|1.26%}}
| align="right" | 54
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 47
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 1,490
:{{smaller|1.98%}}
| align="right" | 21
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 11
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 378
:{{smaller|0.50%}}
| align="right" | 138
:{{smaller|0.18%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Căușeni District|Căușeni]] || align="right" | 90,612|| align="right" | '''79,432'''
:'''{{smaller|87.66%}}'''
| align="right" | 2,469
:{{smaller|2.72%}}
| align="right" | 3,839
:{{smaller|4.24%}}
| align="right" | 653
:{{smaller|0.72%}}
| align="right" | 1,108
:{{smaller|1.22%}}
| align="right" | 2,844
:{{smaller|3.14%}}
| align="right" | 8
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 9
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 30
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 220
:{{smaller|0.24%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Cimișlia District|Cimișlia]] || align="right" | 60,925|| align="right" | '''52,972'''
:'''{{smaller|86.95%}}'''
| align="right" | 3,376
:{{smaller|5.54%}}
| align="right" | 2,371
:{{smaller|3.89%}}
| align="right" | 278
:{{smaller|0.46%}}
| align="right" | 1,341
:{{smaller|2.20%}}
| align="right" | 331
:{{smaller|0.54%}}
| align="right" | 7
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 10
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 95
:{{smaller|0.16%}}
| align="right" | 144
:{{smaller|0.24%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Criuleni District|Criuleni]] || align="right" | 72,254|| align="right" | '''67,046'''
:'''{{smaller|92.79%}}'''
| align="right" | 2,692
:{{smaller|3.73%}}
| align="right" | 1,008
:{{smaller|1.40%}}
| align="right" | 49
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 72
:{{smaller|0.10%}}
| align="right" | 1,170
:{{smaller|1.62%}}
| align="right" | 6
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 6
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 36
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 169
:{{smaller|0.23%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Dondușeni District|Dondușeni]] || align="right" | 46,442|| align="right" | '''37,302'''
:'''{{smaller|80.32%}}'''
| align="right" | 5,893
:{{smaller|12.69%}}
| align="right" | 2,714
:{{smaller|5.84%}}
| align="right" | 31
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 36
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 247
:{{smaller|0.53%}}
| align="right" | 12
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 15
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 68
:{{smaller|0.15%}}
| align="right" | 124
:{{smaller|0.27%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Drochia District|Drochia]] || align="right" | 87,092|| align="right" | '''74,369'''
:'''{{smaller|85.39%}}'''
| align="right" | 9,849
:{{smaller|11.31%}}
| align="right" | 1,641
:{{smaller|1.88%}}
| align="right" | 44
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 33
:{{smaller|0.04%}}
| align="right" | 675
:{{smaller|0.78%}}
| align="right" | 14
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 10
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 272
:{{smaller|0.31%}}
| align="right" | 185
:{{smaller|0.21%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Dubăsari District|Dubăsari]] || align="right" | 34,015|| align="right" | '''32,652'''
:'''{{smaller|95.99%}}'''
| align="right" | 521
:{{smaller|1.53%}}
| align="right" | 611
:{{smaller|1.80%}}
| align="right" | 45
:{{smaller|0.13%}}
| align="right" | 16
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 102
:{{smaller|0.30%}}
| align="right" | 9
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 2
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | –
:{{smaller|0%}}
| align="right" | 57
:{{smaller|0.17%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Edineț District|Edineț]] || align="right" | 81,390|| align="right" | '''58,749'''
:'''{{smaller|72.18%}}'''
| align="right" | 16,084
:{{smaller|19.76%}}
| align="right" | 5,084
:{{smaller|6.25%}}
| align="right" | 143
:{{smaller|0.18%}}
| align="right" | 91
:{{smaller|0.11%}}
| align="right" | 446
:{{smaller|0.55%}}
| align="right" | 23
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 26
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 499
:{{smaller|0.61%}}
| align="right" | 245
:{{smaller|0.30%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Fălești District|Fălești]] || align="right" | 90,320|| align="right" | '''75,863'''
:'''{{smaller|83.99%}}'''
| align="right" | 10,711
:{{smaller|11.86%}}
| align="right" | 3,064
:{{smaller|3.39%}}
| align="right" | 39
:{{smaller|0.04%}}
| align="right" | 32
:{{smaller|0.04%}}
| align="right" | 306
:{{smaller|0.34%}}
| align="right" | 6
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 20
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 57
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 222
:{{smaller|0.25%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Florești District|Florești]] || align="right" | 89,389|| align="right" | '''75,797'''
:'''{{smaller|84.79%}}'''
| align="right" | 8,023
:{{smaller|8.98%}}
| align="right" | 4,633
:{{smaller|5.18%}}
| align="right" | 45
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 51
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 433
:{{smaller|0.48%}}
| align="right" | 19
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 29
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 120
:{{smaller|0.13%}}
| align="right" | 239
:{{smaller|0.27%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Glodeni District|Glodeni]] || align="right" | 60,975|| align="right" | '''46,317'''
:'''{{smaller|75.96%}}'''
| align="right" | 11,918
:{{smaller|19.55%}}
| align="right" | 1,693
:{{smaller|2.78%}}
| align="right" | 32
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 44
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 329
:{{smaller|0.54%}}
| align="right" | 8
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 174
:{{smaller|0.29%}}
| align="right" | 303
:{{smaller|0.50%}}
| align="right" | 157
:{{smaller|0.26%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Hîncești District|Hîncești]] || align="right" | 119,762|| align="right" | '''108,189'''
:'''{{smaller|90.34%}}'''
| align="right" | 6,218
:{{smaller|5.19%}}
| align="right" | 1,463
:{{smaller|1.22%}}
| align="right" | 99
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 212
:{{smaller|0.18%}}
| align="right" | 3,046
:{{smaller|2.54%}}
| align="right" | 19
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 16
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 305
:{{smaller|0.25%}}
| align="right" | 195
:{{smaller|0.16%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Ialoveni District|Ialoveni]] || align="right" | 97,704|| align="right" | '''91,379'''
:'''{{smaller|93.53%}}'''
| align="right" | 1,117
:{{smaller|1.14%}}
| align="right" | 1,112
:{{smaller|1.14%}}
| align="right" | 95
:{{smaller|0.10%}}
| align="right" | 935
:{{smaller|0.96%}}
| align="right" | 2,608
:{{smaller|2.67%}}
| align="right" | 5
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 12
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 197
:{{smaller|0.20%}}
| align="right" | 244
:{{smaller|0.25%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Leova District|Leova]] || align="right" | 51,056|| align="right" | '''43,673'''
:'''{{smaller|85.54%}}'''
| align="right" | 1,245
:{{smaller|2.44%}}
| align="right" | 1,167
:{{smaller|2.29%}}
| align="right" | 432
:{{smaller|0.85%}}
| align="right" | 3,804
:{{smaller|7.45%}}
| align="right" | 471
:{{smaller|0.92%}}
| align="right" | 8
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 9
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 105
:{{smaller|0.21%}}
| align="right" | 142
:{{smaller|0.28%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Nisporeni District|Nisporeni]] || align="right" | 64,924|| align="right" | '''60,774'''
:'''{{smaller|93.61%}}'''
| align="right" | 223
:{{smaller|0.34%}}
| align="right" | 339
:{{smaller|0.52%}}
| align="right" | 17
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 28
:{{smaller|0.04%}}
| align="right" | 2,329
:{{smaller|3.59%}}
| align="right" | 1
:{{smaller|<0.01%}}
| align="right" | 4
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 1,147
:{{smaller|1.77%}}
| align="right" | 62
:{{smaller|0.10%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Ocnița District|Ocnița]] || align="right" | 56,510|| align="right" | '''32,491'''
:'''{{smaller|57.50%}}'''
| align="right" | 17,351
:{{smaller|30.70%}}
| align="right" | 2,764
:{{smaller|4.89%}}
| align="right" | 79
:{{smaller|0.14%}}
| align="right" | 60
:{{smaller|0.11%}}
| align="right" | 104
:{{smaller|0.18%}}
| align="right" | 14
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 43
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 3,417
:{{smaller|6.05%}}
| align="right" | 187
:{{smaller|0.33%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Orhei District|Orhei]] || align="right" | 116,271|| align="right" | '''100,469'''
:'''{{smaller|86.41%}}'''
| align="right" | 4,520
:{{smaller|3.89%}}
| align="right" | 2,216
:{{smaller|1.91%}}
| align="right" | 113
:{{smaller|0.10%}}
| align="right" | 90
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 8,253
:{{smaller|7.10%}}
| align="right" | 46
:{{smaller|0.04%}}
| align="right" | 23
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 221
:{{smaller|0.19%}}
| align="right" | 320
:{{smaller|0.28%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Rezina District|Rezina]] || align="right" | 48,105|| align="right" | '''44,721'''
:'''{{smaller|92.97%}}'''
| align="right" | 1,691
:{{smaller|3.52%}}
| align="right" | 1,093
:{{smaller|2.27%}}
| align="right" | 34
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 40
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 375
:{{smaller|0.78%}}
| align="right" | 30
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 5
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 13
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 103
:{{smaller|0.21%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Rîșcani District|Rîșcani]] || align="right" | 69,454|| align="right" | '''50,391'''
:'''{{smaller|72.55%}}'''
| align="right" | 15,632
:{{smaller|22.51%}}
| align="right" | 1,726
:{{smaller|2.49%}}
| align="right" | 60
:{{smaller|0.09%}}
| align="right" | 61
:{{smaller|0.09%}}
| align="right" | 777
:{{smaller|1.12%}}
| align="right" | 8
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 42
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 602
:{{smaller|0.87%}}
| align="right" | 155
:{{smaller|0.22%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Sîngerei District|Sîngerei]] || align="right" | 87,153|| align="right" | '''74,139'''
:'''{{smaller|85.07%}}'''
| align="right" | 8,456
:{{smaller|9.70%}}
| align="right" | 3,029
:{{smaller|3.48%}}
| align="right" | 47
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 43
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 1,162
:{{smaller|1.33%}}
| align="right" | 10
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 48
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 56
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 163
:{{smaller|0.19%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Soroca District|Soroca]] || align="right" | 94,986|| align="right" | '''84,728'''
:'''{{smaller|89.20%}}'''
| align="right" | 4,752
:{{smaller|5%}}
| align="right" | 2,601
:{{smaller|2.74%}}
| align="right" | 53
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 48
:{{smaller|0.05%}}
| align="right" | 931
:{{smaller|0.98%}}
| align="right" | 65
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 17
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 1,564
:{{smaller|1.65%}}
| align="right" | 227
:{{smaller|0.24%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Strășeni District|Strășeni]] || align="right" | 88,900|| align="right" | '''83,368'''
:'''{{smaller|93.78%}}'''
| align="right" | 985
:{{smaller|1.11%}}
| align="right" | 1,576
:{{smaller|1.77%}}
| align="right" | 70
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 109
:{{smaller|0.12%}}
| align="right" | 2,542
:{{smaller|2.86%}}
| align="right" | 13
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 14
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 24
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 199
:{{smaller|0.22%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Șoldănești District|Șoldănești]] || align="right" | 42,227|| align="right" | '''40,354'''
:'''{{smaller|95.56%}}'''
| align="right" | 1,055
:{{smaller|2.50%}}
| align="right" | 376
:{{smaller|0.89%}}
| align="right" | 9
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 14
:{{smaller|0.03%}}
| align="right" | 299
:{{smaller|0.71%}}
| align="right" | 2
:{{smaller|<0.01%}}
| align="right" | -
:{{smaller|0%}}
| align="right" | 74
:{{smaller|0.18%}}
| align="right" | 44
:{{smaller|0.10%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Ștefan Vodă District|Ștefan Vodă]] || align="right" | 70,594|| align="right" | '''65,318'''
:'''{{smaller|92.53%}}'''
| align="right" | 2,182
:{{smaller|3.09%}}
| align="right" | 1,918
:{{smaller|2.72%}}
| align="right" | 64
:{{smaller|0.09%}}
| align="right" | 145
:{{smaller|0.21%}}
| align="right" | 562
:{{smaller|0.80%}}
| align="right" | 1
:{{smaller|<0.01%}}
| align="right" | 4
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 219
:{{smaller|0.31%}}
| align="right" | 181
:{{smaller|0.26%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Taraclia District|Taraclia]] || align="right" | 43,154|| align="right" | 5,980
:{{smaller|13.86%}}
| align="right" | 2,646
:{{smaller|6.13%}}
| align="right" | 2,139
:{{smaller|4.96%}}
| align="right" | 3,587
:{{smaller|8.31%}}
| align="right" | '''28,293'''
:'''{{smaller|65.56%}}'''
| align="right" | 29
:{{smaller|0.07%}}
| align="right" | 2
:{{smaller|<0.01%}}
| align="right" | 9
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 218
:{{smaller|0.51%}}
| align="right" | 251
:{{smaller|0.58%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Telenești District|Telenești]] || align="right" | 70,126|| align="right" | '''67,309'''
:'''{{smaller|95.98%}}'''
| align="right" | 879
:{{smaller|1.25%}}
| align="right" | 537
:{{smaller|0.77%}}
| align="right" | 16
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 16
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 1,262
:{{smaller|1.80%}}
| align="right" | 4
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 1
:{{smaller|<0.01%}}
| align="right" | 6
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 96
:{{smaller|0.14%}}
|-
| align="left" | [[Ungheni District|Ungheni]] || align="right" | 110,545|| align="right" | '''97,805'''
:'''{{smaller|88.48%}}'''
| align="right" | 7,743
:{{smaller|7%}}
| align="right" | 2,766
:{{smaller|2.50%}}
| align="right" | 90
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 93
:{{smaller|0.08%}}
| align="right" | 1,627
:{{smaller|1.47%}}
| align="right" | 16
:{{smaller|0.01%}}
| align="right" | 17
:{{smaller|0.02%}}
| align="right" | 68
:{{smaller|0.06%}}
| align="right" | 320
:{{smaller|0.29%}}
|-
|align="left"| '''Subtotal controlled by central government''' || '''3,383,332''' || '''2,564,850'''
:{{smaller|'''75.80%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''282,406'''
:{{smaller|'''8.35%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''201,218'''
:{{smaller|'''5.95%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''147,500'''
:{{smaller|'''4.36%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''65,662'''
:{{smaller|'''1.94%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''73,276'''
:{{smaller|'''2.16%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''3,608'''
:{{smaller|'''0.11%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''2,383'''
:{{smaller|'''0.07%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''12,271'''
:{{smaller|'''0.36%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''30,157'''
:{{smaller|'''0.89%'''}}
|}

'''<sup>1</sup>'''<small>There is an [[Controversy over linguistic and ethnic identity in Moldova|ongoing controversy]] over whether Moldovans are a subset of Romanians, or a distinct ethnic group. At the [[2004 Moldovan Census]], citizens could declare only one nationality. Consequently, one could not declare oneself both Moldovan and Romanian.</small>

===Transnistrian-controlled areas===
{{See also|Demographics of Transnistria|Demographic history of Transnistria}}

====2015 census====
According to [[2015 Transnistrian census|the last census in Transnistria]] (October 2015), the population of the region was 475,373, a 14.47% decrease from the figure recorded at [[2004 Transnistrian census|the 2004 census]].<ref name="2015CensusTransnistria">{{cite web|url=http://newspmr.com/novosti-pmr/obshhestvo/15927|script-title=ru:Перепись населения ПМР|trans-title=Population census of PMR|language=ru|website=newspmr.com|date=9 March 2017|access-date=31 October 2022|archive-date=29 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129074008/http://newspmr.com/novosti-pmr/obshhestvo/15927|url-status=live}}</ref> By ethnic composition, the population of Transnistria was distributed as follows: 
* [[Russians]]: 29.1%
* [[Moldovans]]: 28.6%
* [[Ukrainians]]: 22.9%
* [[Bulgarians]]: 2.4%
* [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]]: 1.1%
* [[Belarusians]]: 0.5%
* Transnistrians: 0.2%
* Others: 1.4%
Around 14% did not declare any ethnicity. For the first time, the population had the option to identify as "Transnistrian".<ref name="2015CensusTransnistria"/>

In 2020, in Transnistria, 34.2% of the kindergarten students were ethnic Moldovans, while 28% were ethnic Ukrainians.<ref>Vitalie Calugareanu, "School choice divides families in Transnistria", in ''Deutsche Welle'', October 3, 2020, at https://www.dw.com/en/transnistria-school-choice-divides-families-holds-kids-hostage/a-55147840.</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.dw.com/en/transnistria-school-choice-divides-families-holds-kids-hostage/a-55147840 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240616225709/https://www.dw.com/en/transnistria-school-choice-divides-families-holds-kids-hostage/a-55147840 | archive-date=16 June 2024 | title=School choice divides families in Transnistria – DW – 10/03/2020 | website=[[Deutsche Welle]] }}</ref>

====2004 census====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
!  !! <small>Population</small> !! <small>[[Moldovans|Mold.]]</small> !! <small>[[Russians]]</small> !! <small>[[Ukrainians]]</small> !! <small>[[Gagauzes]]</small> !! <small>[[Bulgarians|Bulg.]]</small> !! <small>[[Romani people|Gyps.]]</small> !! <small>Jews</small> !! <small>[[Polish people|Poles]]</small> !! <small>[[Belorussians|Belor.]]</small> !! <small>[[Germans|Germ.]]</small> !! <small>[[Armenians|Armen.]]</small> !! <small>others,<br />non-decl.</small>
|-
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Tiraspol]]</small> || 158,069 ||&nbsp;23,790
{{smaller|15.05%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;65,928
{{smaller|41.71%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;52,278
{{smaller|33.07%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;1,988
{{smaller|1.26%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;2,450
{{smaller|1.55%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;116
{{smaller|0.07%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;573
{{smaller|0.36%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;324
{{smaller|0.20%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;1,712
{{smaller|1.08%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;701
{{smaller|0.44%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;360
{{smaller|0.23%}}
|align ="right"|&nbsp;7,849
:{{smaller|4.97%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Camenca District]]</small> || 27,284 || 13,048
{{smaller|47.82%}}
|align ="right"|1,880
{{smaller|6.89%}}
|align ="right"|11,610
{{smaller|42.55%}}
|align ="right"|43
{{smaller|0.16%}}
|align ="right"|59
{{smaller|0.22%}}
|align ="right"|9
{{smaller|0.03%}}
|align ="right"|10
{{smaller|0.04%}}
|align ="right"|447
{{smaller|1.64%}}
|align ="right"|85
{{smaller|0.31%}}
|align ="right"|26
{{smaller|0.10%}}
|align ="right"|16
{{smaller|0.06%}}
|align ="right"|51
{{smaller|0.19%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Rîbnița District]]</small> || 82,699 || 24,729
{{smaller|29.90%}}
|align ="right"|14,237
{{smaller|17.22%}}
|align ="right"|37,554
{{smaller|45.41%}}
|align ="right"|149
{{smaller|0.18%}}
|align ="right"|309
{{smaller|0.37%}}
|align ="right"|51
{{smaller|0.06%}}
|align ="right"|177
{{smaller|0.21%}}
|align ="right"|528
{{smaller|0.64%}}
|align ="right"|412
{{smaller|0.50%}}
|align ="right"|150
{{smaller|0.18%}}
|align ="right"|81
{{smaller|0.10%}}
|align ="right"|4,322
{{smaller|5.23%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Dubăsari District, Transnistria|Dubăsari District]]</small> || 36,734 || 18,080
{{smaller|49.22%}}
|align ="right"|7,125
{{smaller|19.40%}}
|align ="right"|10,594
{{smaller|28.84%}}
|align ="right"|92
{{smaller|0.25%}}
|align ="right"|134
{{smaller|0.36%}}
|align ="right"|46
{{smaller|0.13%}}
|align ="right"|46
{{smaller|0.13%}}
|align ="right"|53
{{smaller|0.14%}}
|align ="right"|185
{{smaller|0.50%}}
|align ="right"|63
{{smaller|0.17%}}
|align ="right"|126
{{smaller|0.34%}}
|align ="right"|190
{{smaller|0.52%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Grigoriopol District]]</small> || 48,000 || 31,118
{{smaller|64.83%}}
|align ="right"|7,332
{{smaller|15.28%}}
|align ="right"|8,333
{{smaller|17.36%}}
|align ="right"|123
{{smaller|0.26%}}
|align ="right"|240
{{smaller|0.50%}}
|align ="right"|13
{{smaller|0.03%}}
|align ="right"|26
{{smaller|0.05%}}
|align ="right"|100
{{smaller|0.21%}}
|align ="right"|187
{{smaller|0.39%}}
|align ="right"|327
{{smaller|0.68%}}
|align ="right"|62
{{smaller|0.13%}}
|align ="right"|139
{{smaller|0.29%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Slobozia District]]</small> || 86,742 || 36,651
{{smaller|42.25%}}
|align ="right"|20,636
{{smaller|23.79%}}
|align ="right"|19,872
{{smaller|22.91%}}
|align ="right"|512
{{smaller|0.59%}}
|align ="right"|7,323
{{smaller|8.44%}}
|align ="right"|133
{{smaller|0.15%}}
|align ="right"|35
{{smaller|0.04%}}
|align ="right"|137
{{smaller|0.16%}}
|align ="right"|475
{{smaller|0.55%}}
|align ="right"|496
{{smaller|0.57%}}
|align ="right"|140
{{smaller|0.16}}
|align ="right"|332
{{smaller|0.38%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>'''Subtotal [[Transnistria]]'''</small> || '''439,528''' || '''147,416'''
{{smaller|'''33.54%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''117,138'''
{{smaller|'''26.65%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''140,241'''
{{smaller|'''31.91%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''2,907'''
{{smaller|'''0.66%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''10,515'''
{{smaller|'''2.39%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''368'''
{{smaller|&nbsp;'''0.08%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''867'''
{{smaller|&nbsp;'''0.20%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''1,589'''
{{smaller|&nbsp;'''0.36%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''3,056'''
{{smaller|'''0.70%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''1,763'''
{{smaller|&nbsp;'''0.40%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''785'''
{{smaller|&nbsp;'''0.18%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''12,883'''
{{smaller|'''2.93%'''}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Bender, Moldova|Bender]] {{smaller|(w/o Protegailovca)}}</small> || 97,027 || 24,374
{{smaller|25.12%}}
|align ="right"|41,949
{{smaller|43.23%}}
|align ="right"|17,348
{{smaller|17.88%}}
|align ="right"|1,066
{{smaller|1.10%}}
|align ="right"|3,001
{{smaller|3.09%}}
|align ="right"|132
{{smaller|0.14%}}
|align ="right"|383
{{smaller|0.39%}}
|align ="right"|190
{{smaller|0.21%}}
|align ="right"|713
{{smaller|0.73%}}
|align ="right"|258
{{smaller|0.27%}}
|align ="right"|173
{{smaller|0.18%}}
|align ="right"|7,440
{{smaller|7.67%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Proteagailovca]]</small> || 3,142 || 756–761
{{smaller|24.12%}}
|align ="right"|1,482
{{smaller|47.17%}}
|align ="right"|658
{{smaller|20.94%}}
|align ="right"|25
{{smaller|0.80%}}
|align ="right"|163
{{smaller|5.19%}}
|align ="right"|0–5
{{smaller|0.06%}}
|align ="right"|2
{{smaller|0.06%}}
|align ="right"|0–12
{{smaller|0.19%}}
|align ="right"|19
{{smaller|0.60%}}
|align ="right"|6
{{smaller|0.19%}}
|align ="right"|0–16
{{smaller|0.25%}}
|align ="right"|0–31
{{smaller|0.48%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Gîsca]]</small> || 4,841 || 819–824
{{smaller|16.98%}}
|align ="right"|2,956
{{smaller|61.06%}}
|align ="right"|719
{{smaller|14.85%}}
|align ="right"|91
{{smaller|1.88%}}
|align ="right"|168
{{smaller|3.47%}}
|align ="right"|0–5
{{smaller|0.04%}}
|align ="right"|7
{{smaller|0.14%}}
|align ="right"|0–12
{{smaller|0.12%}}
|align ="right"|8
{{smaller|0.17%}}
|align ="right"|22
{{smaller|0.45%}}
|align ="right"|0–16
{{smaller|0.17%}}
|align ="right"|13–44
{{smaller|0.60%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Chițcani]] {{smaller|(incl. Merenești and Zahorna)}}</small> || ~9,000 || ~3,100
{{smaller|~35%}}
|align ="right"|~4,800
{{smaller|~53%}}
|align ="right"|~900
{{smaller|~10%}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|~200
{{smaller|~2%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Cremenciug, Căușeni|Cremenciug]]</small> || 1,094 || 465
{{smaller|42.50%}}
|align ="right"|353
{{smaller|32.27%}}
|align ="right"|203
{{smaller|18.56%}}
|align ="right"|7
{{smaller|0.64%}}
|align ="right"|11
{{smaller|1.01%}}
|align ="right"|2
{{smaller|0.18%}}
|align ="right"|-
{{smaller|-}}
|align ="right"|-
{{smaller|-}}
|align ="right"|15
{{smaller|1.37%}}
|align ="right"|22
{{smaller|2.01%}}
|align ="right"|6
{{smaller|0.55%}}
|align ="right"|10
{{smaller|0.91%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>[[Roghi]]</small> || 715<ref>{{cite web| url = http://dubossary.ru/page.php?21| title = Webpage of Dubăsari District of Transnistria| access-date = 9 July 2009| archive-date = 19 June 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090619164209/http://www.dubossary.ru/page.php?21| url-status = dead}}</ref> || ~700
{{smaller|~95%}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|{{smaller|N/A}}
|align ="right"|~15
{{smaller|~5%}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>'''Subotal other localities'''</small> || '''115,819''' || '''30,219'''
{{smaller|'''26.09%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''51,540'''
{{smaller|'''44.50%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''19,828'''
{{smaller|'''17.12%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''1,189'''
{{smaller|'''1.03%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''3,343'''
{{smaller|'''2.89%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''139'''
{{smaller|'''0.12%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''392'''
{{smaller|'''0.34%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''202'''
{{smaller|'''0.17%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''755'''
{{smaller|'''0.65%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''308'''
{{smaller|'''0.27%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''195'''
{{smaller|'''0.17%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''7,709'''
{{smaller|'''6.66%'''}}
|-
|align="left"| <small>'''Total Tiraspol-controlled areas'''</small> || '''555,347''' || '''177,635'''
{{smaller|'''31.99%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''168,678'''
{{smaller|'''30.37%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''160,069'''
{{smaller|'''28.82%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''4,096'''
{{smaller|'''0.74%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''13,858'''
{{smaller|'''2.50%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''507'''
{{smaller|'''0.09%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''1,259'''
{{smaller|'''0.23%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''1,791'''
{{smaller|'''0.32%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''3,811'''
{{smaller|'''0.69%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''2,071'''
{{smaller|'''0.37%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''980'''
{{smaller|'''0.18%'''}}
|align ="right"|'''20,592'''
{{smaller|'''3.71%'''}}
</tr>
|}

{{smalldiv|''Notes:''
*The exact numbers in the above table are taken from the data published by the [[Transnistria]]n breakaway authorities after the [[2004 Census in Transnistria]], except the population of ''Roghi'', which was taken from website of the [[Dubăsari District, Transnistria|Dubăsari District]] of Transnistria.
*The number of inhabitants of [[Slobozia District]] + that of the commune [[Chițcani]] was given by Transnistrian authorities as 95,742. Other sources indicate ~9,000 for Chițcani. In this table it is assumed there are 9,000 inhabitants in Chițcani, and 86,742 in Slobozia District. Should the exact data of the census for Chițcani be available, the entries in the lines of Slobozia District and of Chițcani should be corrected accordingly.
*Transnistrian authorities have published the ethnic composition for the combined population of the [[Dubăsari District, Transnistria|Dubăsari District]] and the village of ''Roghi'' in [[Molovata Nouă]] commune. Other sources indicate that the latter is almost entirely Moldovan. In this table it is assumed that of the 715 inhabitants of this village, 700 are Moldovan and 15 are others. Should the exact ethnicity data of the census for ''Roghi'' be available, the entries for ethnicities in the lines of Dubăsari District and of ''Roghi'' should be corrected accordingly.
*Percentages are calculated from the absolute numbers
}}

== Languages ==
{{Main|Languages of Moldova}}
[[Romanian language|Romanian]] is the official language of Moldova. However, many speakers use the term [[Moldovan language|Moldovan]] to describe the language they speak, even though its literary standard is virtually identical to Romanian. Officially since 1990, it is written in the [[Latin alphabet]]. 

=== Native language ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Mother Tongues in Censuses (%)
!
!2004
!2014
!2024
|-
!Moldovan
|60.2
|56.9
|49.2
|-
!Romanian
|16.6
|23.2
|31.3
|-
!Ukrainian
|5.5
|4.0
|2.9
|-
!Russian
|11.3
|9.9
|11.1
|-
!Gagauzian
|4.1
|4.0
|3.8
|-
!Bulgarian
|1.6
|1.5
|1.2
|-
!Romani / Gypsy
| rowspan="2" |0.6
|0.3
|0.3
|-
!Other languages
|0.2
|0.2
|-
| colspan="4" |<small>Note: The table excludes the population</small> 
<small>who did not declare a mother tongue.</small>
|}
Census statistics excludes the brake-away region of [[Transnistria]].

Of the total population that declared its mother tongue ({{lang|ro|limba maternă}}; distinct from the usually spoken language) in the 2024 census, 49.2% declared "[[Moldovan language|Moldovan]]" and 31.3% declared [[Romanian language|Romanian]], with both adding up to 80.5%. The share of the population that declared Romanian as its mother tongue increased by 8.1% compared to the 2014 census (23.2%), and the share that declared "Moldovan" decreased by 7.8% (56.9% in the 2014 census). Among other languages declared as mother tongues, [[Russian language|Russian]] stood out with 11.1% of the population, followed by [[Gagauz language|Gagauz]] with 3.8%, [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] with 2.9%, [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] with 1.2%, [[Romani language|Romani/Gypsy]] with 0.3% and other languages with 0.2%.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/ro/rezultatele-preliminare-ale-recensamantului-populatiei-si-locuintelor-2024-10077_61626.html|title=Rezultatele preliminare ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor 2024|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova]]|date=30 January 2025|language=ro}}</ref>

===First language in daily use (2014 and 2024 censuses)===
According to the 2014 census, 2,720,377 answered to the question on "language usually used for communication". 2,138,964 people or 78.63% of the inhabitants of Moldova (proper) have Moldovan/Romanian as first language, of which 1,486,570 (53%) declared it Moldovan and 652,394 (23.3%) declared it Romanian. 394,133 people or 14.1% have Russian as language of daily use, 73.802 or 2.6% – Ukrainian, 74.167 or 2.6% – Gagauz, 26,577 or 0.9% – Bulgarian, and 12,734 or 0.5% – another language.<ref name="statistica.md"/> By contrast, 46.0% declared their usually spoken language to be Moldovan and 33.2% declared it to be Romanian in 2024.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/ro/rezultatele-preliminare-ale-recensamantului-populatiei-si-locuintelor-2024-10077_61626.html|title=Rezultatele preliminare ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor 2024|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova]]|date=30 January 2025|language=ro}}</ref> In the 2024 census, the percentage of speakers of Russian as their usually spoken language was 15.3%, with other minority languages' share being lower: 2.3% for Gagauz, 2% for Ukrainian, 0.8% for Bulgarian, 0.3% for Romani and 0.2% for other languages.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://statistica.gov.md/ro/rezultatele-preliminare-ale-recensamantului-populatiei-si-locuintelor-2024-10077_61626.html|title=Rezultatele preliminare ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor 2024|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova]]|date=30 January 2025|language=ro}}</ref>

===First language in daily use (2004 census)===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! Ethnic group \ First language !! Moldovan '''*''' !! Romanian language|Romanian !! Russian !! [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]] !! [[Gagauzian language|Gagauzian]] !! [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]] !! <small>other language</small> !! <small>did non declare</small> !! Total
|-
|colspan="9"|
|-
|align="left"| [[Moldovans]] || 1,949,318 || 475,126 || 128,372 || 9,170 || 799 || 1,113 || 951 || – || 2,564,849
|-
|align="left"| [[Romanians]] || 1,597 || 69,936 || 1,537 || 81  || 5  || 4 || 116 || – || 73,276
|-
|align="left"| [[Russians]] || 8,852 || 2,805 || 187,526 || 1,224 || 329 || 344 || 138 || – || 201,218
|-
|align="left"| [[Ukrainians]] || 17,491 || 4,158 || 141,206 || 118,699 || 427 || 294 || 131 || – || 282,406
|-
|align="left"| [[Gagauzians]] || 2,756 || 609 || 40,445 || 413 || 102,395 || 821 || 61 || – || 147,500
|-
|align="left"| [[Bulgarians]] || 4,652 || 1,046 || 23,259 || 188 || 673 || 35,808 || 36 || – || 65,662
|-
|align="left"| other ethnic groups || 3,828 || 1,133 || 18,610 || 339 || 262 || 181 || 9,856 || 192 || 34,401
|-
|align="left"| did non declare || 46 || 1 || 35 || – || – || – || 29 || 13,909 || 14,020
|-
|colspan="9"|
|-
|align="left"| Total by '''language of first use'''
|| 1,988,540 <br /><small>58.77%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 554,814 <br /><small>16.4%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 540,990 <br /><small>15.99%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 130,114 <br /><small>3.85%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 104,890 <br /><small>3.10%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 38,565 <br /><small>1.14%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 11,318 <br /><small>0.34%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 14,101 <br /><small>0.41%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|| 3,383,332 <br /><small>100%{{spaces|1}}</small>
|-
| colspan="10" align="center"|* ''Moldovan language'' is one of the names used in the Republic of Moldova for the ''Romanian language''.
|-
|}

===Usage of own language by the ethnic groups of Moldova (2004 census)===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! ethnic group !!  own language !! [[Moldovan language|Moldovan]] and [[Romanian language|Romanian]] !! Russian
|-
|colspan="4"|
|-
|align="left"| [[Moldovans]] || '''94.52%''' || – || 5%
|-
|align="left"| [[Romanians]]  || '''97.62%''' || – || 2.1%
|-
|align="left"| [[Russians]] || '''93.20%''' || 5.79% || –
|-
|align="left"| [[Ukrainians]] || 42.03% || 7.66% || '''50.00%'''
|-
|align="left"| [[Gagauzians]] || '''69.42%''' || 2.28% || 27.42%
|-
|align="left"| [[Bulgarians]] || '''54.53%''' || 8.68% || 35.42%
|-
|align="left"| others || up to 28.65% || 14.42% || '''54.10%'''
|-
|}

====Urban areas====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! ethnic group !!  own language !! [[Moldovan language|Moldovan]] and [[Romanian language|Romanian]] !! Russian
|-
|colspan="4"|
|-
|align="left"| [[Moldovans]] || '''86.71%''' || – || 13.07%
|-
|align="left"| [[Romanians]] || '''96.88%''' || – || 2.85%
|-
|align="left"| [[Russians]] || '''95.85%''' || 3.82% || –
|-
|align="left"| [[Ukrainians]] || 13.06% || 6.56% || '''80.19%'''
|-
|align="left"| [[Gagauzians]] || 40.10% || 2.19% || '''57.23%'''
|-
|align="left"| [[Bulgarians]] || 36.81% || 7.93% || '''54.45%'''
|-
|align="left"| others || up to 28.11% || 8.35% || '''62.05%'''
|-
|}

==== Rural areas ====
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! ethnic group !!  own language !! [[Moldovan language|Moldovan]] and [[Romanian language|Romanian]] !! Russian
|-
|colspan="4"|
|-
|align="left"| [[Moldovans]] || '''98.24%''' || – || 1.17%
|-
|align="left"| [[Romanians]] || '''98.76%''' || – || 0.94%
|-
|align="left"| [[Russians]] || '''80.52%''' || 15.25% || –
|-
|align="left"| [[Ukrainians]] || '''72.99%''' || 8.85% || 17.74%
|-
|align="left"| [[Gagauzians]] || '''86.16%''' || 2.33% || 10.40%
|-
|align="left"| [[Bulgarians]] || '''68.95%''' || 9.29% || 19.95%
|-
|align="left"| others || up to 30.34% || '''33.39%''' || 29.25%
|-
|}

===Soviet era data===
[[Image:Major ethnics groups in Moldova 1989.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Ethnic map of Moldova (1989 data)]]
In the [[Soviet Census (1989)|Soviet census of 1989]] members of most of the ethnic groups in [[Moldavian SSR]] claimed the language of their ethnicity as their mother tongue: [[Moldovans]] (95%), [[Ukrainians]] (62%), [[Russians]] (99%), [[Gagauz people|Gagauz]] (91%), [[Bulgarians]] (79%), and [[Romani people|Gipsies]] (82%). The exceptions were Jews (26% citing [[Yiddish]]), [[Belarusians]] (43%), [[Germans]] (31%), and [[Polish people|Poles]] (10%).

In the [[Soviet Census (1989)|Soviet census of 1989]], 62% of the total population claimed Moldovan as their native language. Only 4% of the entire population claimed Moldovan as a second language.

In 1979, Russian was claimed as a native language by a large proportion of Jews (66%) and Belarusians (62%), and by a significant proportion of Ukrainians (30%). Proportions of other ethnicities naming Russian as a native language ranged from 17% of Bulgarians to 3% of Moldovans (Russian was more spoken by urban Moldovans than by rural Moldovans). Russian was claimed as a second language by a sizeable proportion of all ethnicities: Moldovans (46%), Ukrainians (43%), Gagauz (68%), Jews (30%), Bulgarians (67%), Belarusians (34%), Germans (53%), Roma (36%), and Poles (24%).

== Religion (2004 census) ==
{{Main|Religion in Moldova}}
According to the 2004 census, the population of Moldova has the following religious composition:
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"
! Religion !! Adherents !! % of total
|-
|align="left"| [[Eastern Orthodoxy|Eastern Orthodox Christians]] || 3,158,015 || 93.3%
|-
|-
|align="left"|
Newer [[Protestantism#Later development|Protestant]] faiths
: [[Baptists]]
: [[Seventh-day Adventist Church|Seventh-day Adventists]]
: [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]]
: Christians of Evangelical Faith&nbsp;{{smallsup|a}}
|
<br /><small>
32,754{{spaces|4}}<br />
13,503{{spaces|4}}<br />
9,179{{spaces|4}}<br />
5,075{{spaces|4}}</small>
|
1.79%<br /><small>
0.97%{{spaces|4}}<br />
0.40%{{spaces|4}}<br />
0.27%{{spaces|4}}<br />
0.15%{{spaces|4}}</small>
|-
|align="left"|
Traditional Protestant
: Confessional Evangelicals
: [[Reformed Church|Reformed]]
: Evangelical Synod-Presbyterians
|
<br /><small>
1,429{{spaces|4}}<br />
1,190{{spaces|4}}<br />
3,596{{spaces|4}}</small>
|
0.19%<br /><small>
0.04%{{spaces|4}}<br />
0.04%{{spaces|4}}<br />
0.11%{{spaces|4}}</small>
|-
|align="left"| [[Old Believers|Old-Rite Christians]]&nbsp;{{smallsup|b}}   || 5,094 || 0.15%
|-
|align="left"| Roman Catholics || 4,645 || 0.14%
|-
|align="left"| Other religions || 29,813 || 0.88%
|-
|colspan="3"|
|-
|align="left"| [[Irreligion|Non-religious]]   || 33,207 || 0.98%
|-
|align="left"| [[Atheist]]s    || 12,724 || 0.38%
|-
|}

<small>
'''Notes:''' 75,727 (2.24% of population) did not answer that question.<br /><sup>a</sup> Known as ''Creștini după Evanghelie'', [[Pentecostalism|Pentecostal]] group.<br /><sup>b</sup> Traditionally Orthodox [[Lipovan]]s.</small>

'''History'''

In 1940–1941, and 1944–1991, the Soviet government strictly limited the activities of the Orthodox Church (and all religions) and at times sought to exploit it, with the ultimate goal of abolishing it and all religious activity altogether. Most Orthodox churches and monasteries in Moldova were demolished or converted to other uses, such as administrative buildings or warehouses, and clergy were sometimes punished for leading services. Still, many believers continued to practice their faith.

People in the independent Moldova have much greater religious freedom than they did in Soviet times. Legislation passed in 1992 guarantees religious freedom, but requires all religious groups to be officially recognized by the government.

'''Orthodox Christians'''

In 1991, Moldova had 853 Orthodox churches and eleven Orthodox monasteries (four for monks and seven for nuns). In 1992 construction or restoration of 221 churches was underway, but clergy remained in short supply.{{Citation needed|date=March 2009}} As of 2004, Christian Orthodox constitute the vast majority of the population in all districts of Moldova.

In the [[Union of Bessarabia with Romania|interwar period]], the vast majority of ethnic Moldovans belonged to the [[Romanian Orthodox Church]] (Bucharest Patriarchate), but today both Romanian and [[Russian Orthodox Church]] (Moscow Patriarchate) have jurisdiction in Moldova, with the latter having more parishes. According to the local needs, [[liturgy]] is performed in Romanian, Russian, and Turkic (Gagauz). After the revival of religious activity in the last 20 years, a minority of the clergy and the faithful wanted to return to the Bucharest Patriarchate ([[Metropolis of Bessarabia]]). Because higher-level church authorities were unable to resolve the matter, Moldova now has two episcopates, one for each patriarchate. After the Soviet occupation in 1940, the Metropolis was downgraded to a Bishopric. In late 1992, the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia issued a decree upgrading its [[eparchy]] of Chișinău and Moldova to a [[Ecclesiastical province|Metropolis]].

'''Greek Catholics'''

Moldova also has a [[Greek Catholic]] minority, mainly among ethnic Ukrainians, although the Soviet government declared the Greek Catholic Churches illegal in 1946 and forcibly united them with the Russian Orthodox Church. However, the Greek Catholic Churches had survived underground until the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

'''Roman Catholics'''

Half of Moldova's Roman Catholics are in Chișinău, and 1/5 in Bălți.

'''Old Believers'''

In addition, the Old Russian Orthodox Church ([[Old Believers]]) had fourteen churches and one monastery in Moldova in 1991.

Half of Moldova's Old Believers are in Florești district, and 1/5 in Sîngerei district.

'''Judaism'''

Despite the Soviet government's suppression and harassment, Moldova's practicing Jews managed to retain their religious identity. About a dozen Jewish newspapers were started in the early 1990s, and religious leaders opened a synagogue in Chișinău; there were six Jewish communities of worship throughout the country. In addition, Moldova's government created the Department of Jewish Studies at [[Moldova State University|Chișinău State University]], mandated the opening of a Jewish high school in Chișinău, and introduced classes in Judaism in high schools in several cities. The government also provides financial support to the Society for Jewish Culture.

'''Protestants'''

There are around 65,000 Protestants of all sects in Moldova today. There are more than 1,000 Baptists in the cities of Chișinău and Bălți, in Cahul, Fălești, Hîncești, Sîngerei, Ștefan Vodă, and Ungheni districts, and in Găgăuzia. There are more than 1,000 Seventh-day Adventists in Cahul, Hîncești and Sîngerei districts, and in Găgăuzia, there are more than 1,000 Pentecostals in Chișinău and in Briceni district. There are more than 1,000 members of Brethren assemblies only in Chișinău. There are more than 1,000 Evangelical Synod-Presbyterians only in Chișinău.

'''Others'''

Other religious denominations in Moldova include:
*[[Armenian Apostolic Church]]
*[[Molokan]]s (a Russian Orthodox sect).
*[[Islam in Moldova|Islam]]

==Immigration==

===Moldova migration data, 2014-present===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Year !! Immigrants (Total) !! Emigrants (Total) !! Net Migration
|-
| 2014 || 98,731 || 122,955 || -24,224
|-
| 2015 || 105,834 || 127,277 || -21,443
|-
| 2016 || 107,303 || 153,405 || -46,102
|-
| 2017 || 107,580 || 158,259 || -50,679
|-
| 2018 || 116,739 || 158,788 || -42,049
|-
| 2019 || 116,196 || 153,289 || -37,093
|-
| 2020 || 65,167 || 72,372 || -7,205
|-
| 2021 || 68,356 || 113,769 || -45,413
|-
| 2022 || 177,875 || 241,448 || -63,573
|-
| 2023 || 97,517 || 130,084 || -32,567
|}

Foreign citizens (according to the Office of Migration and Asylum):<ref>{{cite web |url=http://bma.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/cs_al_pme_2017-2019_ed_2020.pdf |title=Compendiul Statistic al Profilului Migrațional Extins al Republicii Moldova pentru anii 2017-2019 |work=BMA.gov |access-date=29 December 2020 |archive-date=14 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210614214401/http://bma.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/cs_al_pme_2017-2019_ed_2020.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://bma.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/an._stat_isaa_pt_2020.pdf |title=Stocul străinilor în Republica Moldova |work=ANUAR STATISTIC: Imigrarea străinilor, azilul și apatridia în Republica Moldova în anul 2020 |access-date=24 May 2021 |archive-date=24 May 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210524111113/http://bma.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/an._stat_isaa_pt_2020.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bma.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/numarul_straini_documentati_cu_perm_de_sedere.31.12.2021.pdf|title=Informație despre numărul străinilor documentați cu permise de ședere în Republica Moldova la data de 31.12.2021|access-date=11 February 2022|archive-date=19 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419062506/http://bma.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/numarul_straini_documentati_cu_perm_de_sedere.31.12.2021.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igm.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/an._stat_isaa_ed.2023_pagina_web.pdf |title=ANUAR STATISTIC: Imigrarea străinilor, azilul și apatridia în Republica Moldova în anul 2022 |access-date=18 May 2024 |archive-date=18 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518125751/https://igm.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/an._stat_isaa_ed.2023_pagina_web.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://igm.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/an._stat_isaa_ed.2024.pdf |title=ANUAR STATISTIC: Imigrarea străinilor, azilul și apatridia în Republica Moldova în anul 2023 |access-date=18 May 2024 |archive-date=18 May 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240518125755/https://igm.gov.md/sites/default/files/sites/default/files/atasamente/comunicate/an._stat_isaa_ed.2024.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|- 
| '''Country''' || '''2018''' || '''2019''' || '''2020''' || '''2021'''  || '''2022''' || '''2023'''
|-
| {{flag|Ukraine}} || 6,786 || 6,834 || 5,318 || 5,404
|-
| {{flag|Russia}} || 5,742 || 5,953 || 4,068 || 3,905
|-
| {{flag|Turkey}} || 943 || 1,292 || 942 || 1,248
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Romania}} || 988 || 1,037 || 1,012 || 1,172
|-
| {{flag|Israel}} || 2,200 || 1,929 || 1,412 || 1,107
|-
| {{flag|India}} || 256 || 520 || 634 || 773
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Italy}} || 501 || 535 || 449 || 474
|-
| {{flag|Azerbaijan}} || 371 || 458 || 433 || 404
|-
| {{flag|United States}} || 433 || 507 || 364 || 282
|-
| {{flag|Belarus}} || 327 || 309 || 240 || 255
|-
| {{flag|Uzbekistan}} || 164 || 327 || 172 || 227
|-
| {{flag|Armenia}} || 211 || 229 || 209 || 218
|-
| {{flag|Kazakhstan}} || 202 || 220 || 179 || 181
|-
| {{flag|Tajikistan}} || – || – || 106 || 133
|-
| {{flagicon|EU}}{{flag|Germany}} || 131 || 123 || 101 || 121
|-
| {{flag|Syria}} || 140 || 134 || 112 || 110
|-
| {{flag|Georgia}} || 98 || 110 || 101 || 105
|-
| Others || 3,271 || 3,313 || 1,310 || 1,551
|-
| '''Total''' || '''22,764''' || '''23,830''' || '''17,162''' || '''~18,600''' || '''18,761''' || '''20,763'''
|}

== Secondary demographic indices ==
=== Average age ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+Average age of the population (years) on the fifth<ref>BNS: [http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/Saveshow.asp Vоrsta medie a popula?iei dupa ani, medii ?i sexe]{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|-
! The year !! 1992 !! 1995 !! <small>growth</small> !! 2000 !! <small>growth</small>  !! 2005 !! <small>growth</small>  !! 2010 !! <small>growth</small>  !! 2015 !! <small>growth </small> 
|-
| <div style="text-align:center">Years </div>|| 32,0 || 32,4 ||align="right" style="color: red" | <div style="text-align:center">+0.4</div> || 33,4 ||align="right" style="color: red" | <div style="text-align:center">+1.0</div> || 34,9 ||align="right" style="color: red" | <div style="text-align:center">+1.5</div> || 36,2 || align="right" style="color: red" | <div style="text-align:center">+1.3</div> || 37,5 ||align="right" style="color: red" | <div style="text-align:center">+1.3</div>  
|}

=== Life expectancy at birth ===
[[File:Life expectancy of Moldova.svg|thumb|300px|Life expectancy in Moldova since 1950]]
[[File:Life expectancy by WBG -Moldova -diff.png|thumb|300px|Life expectancy in Moldova since 1960 by gender]]

Since 2000, there has been a continuous increase in [[life expectancy]], except for 2005, a year in which there was a high level of general and infant mortality. In 2013, this indicator recorded the maximum value of the given period – 71.85 years, including men – 68.1 and women – 75.5 years.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.statistica.md/newsview.php?l=ro&idc=168&id=4465| title = Durata medie a vietii оn Republica Moldova оn anul 2013| date = 17 July 2014| access-date = 26 July 2018| archive-date = 26 July 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180726233851/http://www.statistica.md/newsview.php?l=ro&idc=168&id=4465| url-status = live}}</ref> The significant increase in life expectancy was influenced by the decrease in the overall mortality rate to 10.7 deaths per 1000 inhabitants, and the infant death rate, which constituted 9.4 deaths under one year per 1,000 live births.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Average life expectancy (years) based on sex after decades, five and a half years<ref>BNS: [http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/Saveshow.asp Speran?a de via?a la na?tere dupa ani, medii ?i sexe]{{Dead link|date=July 2019 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
|-
! The year !! 1960 !! 1970 !! 1980 !! 1990 !! 1995 !! 2000 !! 2005 !! 2010 !! 2015 !! 2016 
|- 
|  Women: || {{Increase}}69,8 || {{Increase}}72,1 || {{Decrease}}68,8 || {{Increase}}71,9 || {{Decrease}}69,7 || {{Increase}}71,2 || {{Increase}}71,7 || {{Increase}}73,4 || {{Increase}}75,5 || {{Increase}}76,1
|-
| '''Average time:'''  || {{Increase}}'''68,1''' || {{Increase}}'''69,4''' || {{Decrease}}'''65,6''' || {{Increase}}'''68,0''' || {{Decrease}}'''65,8''' || {{Increase}}'''67,6''' || {{Increase}}'''67,9''' || {{Increase}}'''69,1''' || {{Increase}}'''71,5''' || {{Increase}}'''72,2''' 
|-
| Men: || {{Increase}}65,6 || {{Increase}}66,3 || {{Decrease}}62,4 || {{Increase}}63,9 || {{Decrease}}61,8 || {{Increase}}63,9 || {{Decrease}}63,8 || {{Increase}}65,0 || {{Increase}}67,5 || {{Increase}}68,1
|}

=== Population by sex ===
{| class="wikitable" 
|+ Gender composition of the population, after decades<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/Saveshow.asp|title=Populația stabilă, la începutul anului după Ani, Medii și Sexe, 1970 – 2013}}{{Dead link|date=May 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
! Year || 1970 || 1980 || 1990 || 2000 || 2010 || 2015
|-
| Men || 46,76% || 47,25% || 47,64% || 47,87% || 48,08% || 48,10%
|-
| Women || 53,24% || 52,75% || 52,36% || 52,13% || 51,92%|| 51,90%
|-
| Men per 1.000 women || 878 || 896 || 910 || 918 || 926 || 927
|}

=== Infant mortality ===
Children under 1 year old in 1,000 newborns:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=POP0405&ti=Mortalitatea+infantila+pe+sexe+si+medii%2C+1980-2012&path=..%2FDatabase%2FRO%2F02%20POP%2FPOP04%2F&lang=1 |title=Mortalitatea infantilă pe sexe și medii, 1980–2012 |access-date=25 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312011037/http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=POP0405&ti=Mortalitatea+infantila+pe+sexe+si+medii%2C+1980-2012&path=..%2FDatabase%2FRO%2F02%20POP%2FPOP04%2F&lang=1 |archive-date=12 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! The Year !! 1980 !! 1985 !! 1990 !! 1995 !! 2000 !! 2005 !! 2010 !! 2015 !! 2017
|-
| Children || {{DecreasePositive}}35,0 || {{DecreasePositive}}30,9 || {{DecreasePositive}}19,0 || {{IncreaseNegative}}21,2 || {{DecreasePositive}}18,3 || {{DecreasePositive}}12,4 || {{DecreasePositive}}11,7 || {{DecreasePositive}}9,7 || {{DecreasePositive}}9,4
|}

=== Marriage ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Number<br />marriages
! <small>per 1000 inhabitants</small>
! Number<br />divorce
! <small>per 1000 inhabitants</small>
|-
| 1980
| 46.083
| 11,5
| 11.273
| 2,8
|-
| 1985
| 40.901
| {{Decrease}}9,7
| 11.176
| {{DecreasePositive}}2,7
|-
| 1990
| 40.809
| {{Decrease}}9,4
| 13.135
| {{IncreaseNegative}}3,0
|-
| 1995
| 32.775
| {{Decrease}}7,5
| 14.617
| {{IncreaseNegative}}3,4
|-
| 2000
| 21.684
| {{Decrease}}6,0
| 9.707
| {{DecreasePositive}}2,7
|-
| 2005
| 27.187
| {{Increase}}7,6
| 14.521
| {{IncreaseNegative}}4,0
|-
| 2010
| 26.483
| {{Decrease}}7,4
| 11.504
| {{DecreasePositive}}3,2
|-
| 2011
| 25.900
| {{Decrease}}7,3
| 11.120
| {{DecreasePositive}}3,1
|-
| 2012
| 24.262
| {{Decrease}}6,8
| 10.637
| {{DecreasePositive}}3,0
|-
| 2013
| 24.449
| {{Increase}}6,9
| 10.775
| {{Steady}}3,0
|-
| 2014
| 25.624
| {{Increase}}7,2
| 11.130
| {{IncreaseNegative}}3,1
|-
| 2015 
| 24.709
| {{Decrease}}6,9
| 11.199
| {{Steady}}3,1
|-
| 2016
| 21.992
| {{Decrease}}6,2
| 10.605
| {{DecreasePositive}}3,0
|}

* References:<ref>[http://www.statistica.md/category.php?l=ro&idc=103& Populația și procesele demografice. Căsătorii și Divorțuri] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150408064305/http://www.statistica.md/category.php?l=ro&idc=103& |date=8 April 2015 }} statistica.md</ref>

===Urban and rural population===
[[file:Плотность населения Молдавии на 2014 г.png|thumb|400px|Density of population per km<sup>2</sup>, depending on administrative unit]]
{| class="wikitable centre" style="text-align: right;"
|-
! Year !! <small>Urban population</small> !! % !! <small>Rural population</small> !! % 
|-
| 2000 || 1.486.410 || 40,89 || 2.148.702 || 59,11
|-
| 2001 || {{Decrease}}1.485.210 || 40,94 || {{Decrease}}2.142.602 || 59,06
|-
| 2002 || {{Decrease}}1.484.142 || 41,02 || {{Decrease}}2.134.170 || 58,98
|-
| 2003 || {{Decrease}}1.477.927 || 40,97 || {{Decrease}}2.129.508 || 59,03 
|-
| 2004 || {{Decrease}}1.476.028 || 41,00 || {{Decrease}}2.124.408 || 59,00 
|-
| 2005 || {{Decrease}}1.469.828 || 40,94 || {{Decrease}}2.120.108 || 59,06
|-
| 2006 || {{Increase}}1.478.011 || 41,27 || {{Decrease}}2.103.099 || 58,73 
|-
| 2007 || {{Decrease}}1.476.110 || 41,32 || {{Decrease}}2.096.593 || 58,68
|-
| 2008 || {{Decrease}}1.476.099 || 41,37 || {{Decrease}}2.091.413 || 58,63
|-
| 2009 || {{Increase}}1.476,681 || 41,44 || {{Decrease}}2.087.014 || 58,56
|-
| 2010 || {{Increase}}1.481.696 || 41,62 || {{Decrease}}2.078.734 || 58,38
|-
| 2011 || {{Increase}}1.485.766 || 41,74 || {{Decrease}}2.073.775 || 58,26
|-
| 2012 || {{Increase}}1.492.165 || 41,92 || {{Decrease}}2.067.332 || 58,08
|-
| 2013 || {{Increase}}1.502.996 || 42,25 || {{Decrease}}2.054.638 || 57,75
|-
| 2014 || {{Increase}}1.507.265 || 42,40 || {{Decrease}}2.047.894 || 57,60
|-
| 2015 || {{Increase}}1.511.051 || 42,53 || {{Decrease}}2.042.005 || 57,47
|-
| 2016 || {{Increase}}1.516.800 || 42,71 || {{Decrease}}2.034.100 || 57,47
|}

* References:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=POP0101&ti=Populatia+stabila+pe+sexe+si+medii%2C+la+inceputul+anului%2C+1970-2013&path=..%2FDatabase%2FRO%2F02%20POP%2FPOP01%2F&lang=1 |title=Popula?ia stabila pe sexe ?i medii, la оnceputul anului, 1970–2013 |access-date=25 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160312021809/http://statbank.statistica.md/pxweb/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=POP0101&ti=Populatia+stabila+pe+sexe+si+medii%2C+la+inceputul+anului%2C+1970-2013&path=..%2FDatabase%2FRO%2F02%20POP%2FPOP01%2F&lang=1 |archive-date=12 March 2016 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.statistica.md/newsview.php?l=ro&idc=168&id=4402&parent=0 Structura popula?iei stabile a Republicii Moldova pe sexe ?i vоrste la 1 ianuarie 2014] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726233809/http://www.statistica.md/newsview.php?l=ro&idc=168&id=4402&parent=0 |date=26 July 2018 }} statistica.md Accesat la 20.05.2014</ref>

==See also==
* [[Emigration from Moldova]]
* [[Ageing of Europe]]
* [[Poles in Moldova]]
* [[Poles in Transnistria]]

==References==

'''''Inline:'''''
{{reflist}}
'''''General:'''''
* [http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=en&idc=295 Moldovan Census results] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110926225423/http://www.statistica.md/pageview.php?l=en&idc=295 |date=26 September 2011 }}
* [http://www.statistica.md/category.php?l=en&idc=103 Official population data] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508161639/http://www.statistica.md/category.php?l=en&idc=103 |date=8 May 2019 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121105231746/http://www.olvia.idknet.com/ol37-09-05.htm 2004 Transnistrian Census results] {{in lang|ru}}
{{CIA World Factbook}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110807052515/http://www.essex.ac.uk/ECPR/events/jointsessions/paperarchive/grenoble/ws2/montanari.pdf Arianna Montanari, ''Rumanian national identity in the Republic of Moldova'']
* [http://www.redcross.int/EN/mag/magazine2005_2/20-21.html Disaster by Depopulation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070305180516/http://www.redcross.int/EN/mag/magazine2005_2/20-21.html |date=5 March 2007 }}, a Red Cross report about impact of demographic changes on family structure and child care

{{Moldova topics|state=collapsed}}
{{Moldovan censuses}}
{{Demographics of Europe}}

[[Category:Demographics of Moldova| ]]