Editing Demographics of Gibraltar

{{Short description|none}}
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{{Culture of Gibraltar}}
Demographic features of the population of [[Gibraltar]] include [[ethnic group|ethnicity]], education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects.

==Ethnic origins==
One of the main features of [[Gibraltar]]'s population is the diversity of their [[ethnic group|ethnic origins]]. The demographics of Gibraltar reflects Gibraltarians' [[Culture of Gibraltar|racial and cultural fusion]] of the many [[European ethnic groups|European]] and non-European immigrants who came to the [[Rock of Gibraltar|Rock]] over three hundred years. They are the descendants of economic migrants that came to Gibraltar after the majority of the Spanish population left in 1704.

===Spanish===
The majority of the Spanish population in Gibraltar (about 5000), with few exceptions, left Gibraltar when the Dutch and English took the city in 1704. The few [[Spaniard]]s who remained in Gibraltar in August 1704 were augmented by others who arrived in the fleet with [[Prince George of Hesse-Darmstadt]], possibly some two hundred in all, mostly [[Catalan people|Catalans]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iteg.org/documentos/spaniards_in_gibraltar.pdf|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060304033327/http://www.iteg.org/documentos/spaniards_in_gibraltar.pdf|url-status=dead|title=Spaniards in Gibraltar|archivedate=March 4, 2006}}</ref>

[[Menorca]]ns began migrating to Gibraltar at the beginning of the common British rule in 1713, thanks to the links between both [[British possessions]] during the 18th century. Initially, Menorcans came to Gibraltar looking for work in several trades, especially when Gibraltar was rebuilt after the 1783 Grand Siege. Immigration continued even after Menorca (the original English name was "Minorca") was returned to Spain in 1802 by the [[Treaty of Amiens]].<ref>{{cite book |first=William |last=Jackson |year=1990 |title=The Rock of the Gibraltarians. A History of Gibraltar |publisher=Gibraltar Books | edition = second |location=Grendon, Northamptonshire, UK |isbn=0-948466-14-6 | page=225}}: "The open frontier helped to increase the Spanish share, and naval links with Minorca produced the small Minorcan contingent."</ref><ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C | title=Gibraltar, identity and empire | author=Edward G. Archer | publisher=Routledge | year=2006 | isbn=978-0-415-34796-9 | pages=42–43}}</ref>

[[Immigration]] from Spain (like the exiles from the Spanish Civil War) and intermarriage with [[Andalusian people|Spaniards]] from the [[Campo de Gibraltar|surrounding Spanish towns]] was a constant feature of [[History of Gibraltar|Gibraltar's history]] until the then Spanish [[dictator]], General [[Francisco Franco]], closed the border with Gibraltar in 1969, cutting off many Gibraltarians from their relatives on the Spanish side of the frontier.

Together, Gibraltarians of [[Spanish people|Spanish]] origin are one of the bigger groups (more than 24% according to last names, even more taking into account the fact that many Spanish women married native Gibraltarians).<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 43. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref>

===British===
[[British people|Britons]] have come and settled or gone since the first days of the conquest. One group of Britons have had temporary residence in Gibraltar (to work in the administration and the garrison). This group, who represented a larger proportion in the beginning of the British period, are nowadays only about 3% of the total population (around 1,000 persons).

A larger group is formed by the Britons who moved to Gibraltar and settled down. Some of them, since the beginning, moved to Gibraltar to earn a living as traders and workers. Others moved to Gibraltar on a temporary assignment and then married local women. Major construction projects, such as the dockyard in the late 1890s and early 20th century brought large numbers of workers from Great Britain.

13% of Gibraltarian residents are from the United Kingdom and the electoral roll shows that 27% of Gibraltar's population has British surnames.<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&dq=archer+identity+empire+gibraltar&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 40. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref>

===Genoese and other Italians===
[[Genoa|Genoese]] came during the 18th and 19th centuries, especially from the poorer parts of [[Liguria]], some of them annually following fishing shoals, as repairmen for the [[Royal Navy|British navy]], or as successful traders and merchants;<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&dq=archer+identity+empire+gibraltar&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 37. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref> many others came during the Napoleonic period to avoid obligatory conscription to the French Army.<ref name="google24">Levey, David: [https://books.google.com/books?id=VKW6uqxsj4YC&dq=french+gibraltar+ethnic&pg=PA24 ''Language change and variation in Gibraltar'', page 24. John Benjamins Publishing Company.]</ref> Genoese formed the larger group of the new population in the 18th century and middle 19th century. Other [[Italians]] came from islands like [[Sardinia]] and [[Sicily]]. Nowadays, people with Genoese/Italian last names represent about 20% of the population.

===Portuguese===
[[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] were one of the earliest groups to move to Gibraltar, especially from the [[Algarve]] region in the far south of [[Portugal]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=A emigração de Algarvios para Gibraltar e Sudoeste da Andaluzia |url=https://biblioteca.cm-albufeira.pt/cgi-bin/koha/opac-imageviewer.pl?biblionumber=10381%20thumbnail-shelfbrowser}}</ref> Most of them went to work as labourers and some as traders. Their number increased significantly during the 18th century.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Quarantine against Portuguese ports |jstor=41450744 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/41450744.pdf}}</ref> Interestingly, in 1814 out of 49 lightermen, 43 were from Portugal and they were part of a community comprising around 650 working men aged 17 and above.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Archer |first=E. G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Id8HlV3ad5wC&dq=%22portuguese%22+%22gibraltar%22&pg=PA41 |title=Gibraltar, Identity and Empire |date=2013-01-11 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-00550-3 |language=en}}</ref> A notable example of the Portuguese presence in Gibraltair is the existence, in the territory, of an example of [[Portuguese pavement|calçada portuguesa]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Andreia |date=2021-11-15 |title=Estremadura reconhece a calçada portuguesa em Badajoz |url=https://eltrapezio.eu/es/la-raya/estremadura-reconhece-a-calcada-portuguesa-em-badajoz_25401.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=El Trapezio |language=es-ES}}</ref>

A further increase in the community occurred when many Spaniards left their jobs in Gibraltar after [[Francisco Franco|General Franco]] closed the border in 1969. In the 1970s and 1980s many Portuguese worked in Gibraltar, especially in construction.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigues |first=Hugo |date=2016-02-23 |title=Aeroclube do Algarve seeks to rebuild itself to continue serving the region |url=http://www.sulinformacao.pt/en/2016/02/aeroclube-do-algarve-procura-reerguer-se-para-continuar-ao-servico-da-regiao/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Sul Informação |language=en}}</ref> Even today many Portuguese still live in the territory and many are still working in the construction sector, both working inbuilding sites and importing material from Portugal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-08-31 |title='Brexit'. "Londres sabe que Gibraltar precisa de um vínculo pragmático com a União Europeia" |url=https://expresso.pt/internacional/2020-08-31-Brexit.-Londres-sabe-que-Gibraltar-precisa-de-um-vinculo-pragmatico-com-a-Uniao-Europeia |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Expresso |language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Romaguera |first=Cándido |date=2013-10-23 |title=Gibraltar sidesteps Spanish import embargo for land reclamation works |url=https://english.elpais.com/elpais/2013/10/23/inenglish/1382549617_844642.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=EL PAÍS English |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-18 |title=Trabalhadores portugueses do setor da construção civil em Gibraltar contagiados |url=https://www.dn.pt/internacional/trabalhadores-portugueses-do-setor-da-construcao-civil-em-gibraltar-contagiados-14331971.html |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.dn.pt |language=pt-PT}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Portugueses no Mundo de 29 jan 2019 - RTP Play - RTP |url=https://www.rtp.pt/play/p518/e386924/portugueses-no-mundo |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=RTP Play |language=pt}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Comércio Internacional de mercadorias de Portugal |url=https://www.gee.gov.pt/pt/lista-publicacoes/estatisticas-de-comercio-bilateral/gibraltar/1562-comercio-internacional-de-portugal-com-gibraltar/file}}</ref> As of 2023, for instance, a Portuguese company was in charge of building the tallest building in Gibraltar.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Portuguese group builds tallest building in Gibraltar |url=https://www.theportugalnews.com/news/2023-09-16/portuguese-group-builds-tallest-building-in-gibraltar/81260 |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.theportugalnews.com |language=en}}</ref>

About 10% of last names in Gibraltar have Portuguese origin; the Portuguese are part of a wider Portuguese-speaking community comprising also [[Luso-Indian]]s and [[Brazilian diaspora|Brazilians]].<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&dq=archer+identity+empire+gibraltar&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 41. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Oureana |first=Fundação Historico Cultural |date=2023-09-21 |title=Fundação Oureana recordou em Gibraltar os 80 anos da morte do General Władysław Sikorski, Primeiro-Ministro da Polônia |url=https://www.fundacaooureana.pt/2023/09/21/4467/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Fundação Histórico-Cultural Oureana |language=pt-PT}}</ref> Moreover, today there are around 500 Portuguese who live in [[La Línea de la Concepción]] and commute to Gibraltar for work every day.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lusa |first=Agência |title=Brexit. Pairam incertezas em ambos os lados da fronteira de Gibraltar |url=https://observador.pt/2018/12/10/brexit-pairam-incertezas-em-ambos-os-lados-da-fronteira-de-gibraltar/ |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=Observador |language=pt-PT}}</ref> A notable Luso-Gibraltarian is football player [[Bernardo Lopes]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bernardo Lopes é português mas representa seleção de Gibraltar: "Sinto-me em casa" |url=https://www.record.pt/internacional/detalhe/bernardo-lopes-e-portugues-mas-representa-selecao-de-gibraltar-sinto-me-em-casa |access-date=2023-10-13 |website=www.record.pt |language=pt-PT}}</ref>

===Moroccans===
[[Moroccans]] have always had a significant presence in Gibraltar. However, the modern community has more recent origins. Moroccans began arriving in Gibraltar soon after the Spanish government imposed the first restrictions on Spanish workers in Gibraltar in 1964. By the end of 1968 there were at least 1,300 Moroccan workers resident in Gibraltar and this more than doubled following the final closure of the frontier with Spain in June 1969.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sussex.ac.uk/migration/documents/briefing3.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607215850/http://www.sussex.ac.uk/migration/documents/briefing3.pdf |archive-date=2011-06-07 |url-status=live|title=Sussex Migration Briefing - Steps to resolving the situation of Moroccans in Gibraltar}}</ref>
There is also a significant number of [[Moroccan Jews]] in Gibraltar, representing Jews of both [[Sephardic]] origin and Arabic speaking Jews of Morocco (although almost no Gibraltarian Jews today speak Arabic as a first language). Most notably the [[Hassan (surname)|Hassan]] family which runs Gibraltar's largest law firm [[Hassans|Hassans International Law Firm]]<ref>Legal 500, 2009</ref> and the late [[Joshua Hassan|Sir Joshua Hassan]] who served four terms as Chief Minister for a total of 20 years.<ref name="independent">{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sir-joshua-hassan-1248542.html |title=Obituary: Sir Joshua Hassan |access-date=23 November 2009 |last=Nash |first=Elizabeth |date=2 July 1997 |work=The Independent |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100818013131/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-sir-joshua-hassan-1248542.html |archive-date=18 August 2010 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Other groups===
Other groups include:
*[[Malta]] was in the same imperial route to the east as Gibraltar. [[Maltese people]] came to Gibraltar when jobs were scarce at home, or to escape the law in [[Malta]].<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&dq=archer+identity+empire+gibraltar&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 44. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref>
*[[Jew]]s, most of them of [[Sephardi Jews|Sephardi]] origin, were able to re-establish their rites, [[Alhambra decree|forbidden in Catholic Spain]], right after the British occupation in 1704. Also a significant number of Jews from London settled in Gibraltar, especially since the [[Great Siege of Gibraltar|Great Siege]].<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&dq=archer+identity+empire+gibraltar&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 38. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref> 
*[[Non-resident Indian and person of Indian origin|Indians]], came as merchants after the opening of the [[Suez Canal]] in 1870; many others migrated as workers after the closure of the frontier with Spain in 1969 to replace Spanish ones.<ref>Archer, Edward G.: [https://books.google.com/books?id=2ip0C6odET4C&dq=archer+identity+empire+gibraltar&pg=PP1 ''Gibraltar, identity and empire''], page 45. Routledge Advances in European Politics.</ref>
*[[French people|French]], many of whom came after the French Revolution in 1789, set up trade and commerce.<ref name="google24"/>

==National censuses==

=== Nationality ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Nationality
! colspan="2" |1970 census<ref name=":0">{{Cite report |url=https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/Census_of_Gibraltar_1991.pdf |title=Census of Gibraltar 1991 |date=1991 |publisher=Government of Gibraltar |access-date=2025-03-15}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1981 census<ref name=":0" />
! colspan="2" |1991 census<ref name=":0" />
! colspan="2" | 2001 census<ref name="CEN">{{cite web|url=http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/images/stories/PDF/statistics/Census/census_of_gibraltar_2001.pdf|title=Census of Gibraltar 2001.|access-date=2012-04-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329085544/http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/images/stories/PDF/statistics/Census/census_of_gibraltar_2001.pdf|archive-date=2019-03-29|url-status=dead}}</ref>
! colspan="2" | 2012 census<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Census of Gibraltar 2012 |url=https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/HMGoG_Documents/Full_Census_Report_2012.pdf#page=63 |website=Government of Gibraltar}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{cite web|url=http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/full-census-report-2012|title=Full Census Report 2012 - Government of Gibraltar|website=www.gibraltar.gov.gi|access-date=2016-01-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304111426/http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/full-census-report-2012|archive-date=2016-03-04|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
!Number
!Percentage
!Number
!Percentage
!Number
!Percentage
! Number !! Percentage
! Number !! Percentage
|-
| Gibraltarian
| align="right" | 18,873 || {{percentage bar|76.50}}
| align="right" | 19,825 || {{percentage bar|74.87}}
| align="right" | 20,022 || {{percentage bar|74.98}}
| align="right" | 22,882 || {{percentage bar|83.22}}
| align="right" | 25,444 || {{percentage bar|79.03}}
|-
| Other British
| align="right" | 3,001 || {{percentage bar|12.16}}
| align="right" | 3,706 || {{percentage bar|14.00}}
| align="right" | 3,811 || {{percentage bar|14.27}}
| align="right" | 2,627 || {{percentage bar|9.55}}
| align="right" | 4,249 || {{percentage bar|13.20}}
|-
| Moroccan
|
|
| align="right" | 2,140||{{percentage bar|8.08}}
| align="right" | 1,798||{{percentage bar|6.73}}
| align="right" | 961  || {{percentage bar|3.50}}
| align="right" | 522  || {{percentage bar|1.62}}
|-
| Spanish
|
|
|
|
|
|
| align="right" | 326 || {{percentage bar|1.19}}
| align="right" | 675 || {{percentage bar|2.10}}
|-
| Other [[European Union|EU]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
| align="right" | 275 || {{percentage bar|1.00}}
| align="right" | 785 || {{percentage bar|2.44}}
|-
| Other
| align="right" | 2,798||{{percentage bar|11.34}}
| align="right" | 808 ||{{percentage bar|3.05}}
| align="right" | 1,072||{{percentage bar|4.01}}
| align="right" | 424 || {{percentage bar|1.54}}
| align="right" | 519 || {{percentage bar|1.61}}
|-
| Total
| align="right" | 24,672 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 26,479 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 26,703 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 27,495 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 32,194 || {{percentage bar|100}}
|}

=== Birth Place ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! rowspan="2" | Birth Place
! colspan="2" |1970 census<ref>{{Cite web |title=Census of Gibraltar 1970 |url=https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/Census_of_Gibraltar_1970.pdf |access-date=2025-03-15 |website=Government of Gibraltar}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1981 census<ref>{{Cite report |url=https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/Census_of_Gibraltar_1981.pdf |title=Census of Gibraltar 1981 |date=1981 |publisher=Government of Gibraltar |access-date=2025-03-15}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |1991 census<ref name=":0" />
! colspan="2" | 2001 census<ref name="CEN" />
! colspan="2" | 2012 census<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />
|-
!Number
!Percentage
!Number
!Percentage
!Number
!Percentage
! Number !! Percentage
! Number !! Percentage
|-
| Gibraltar
| align="right" | 15,490 || {{percentage bar|62.78}}
| align="right" | 16,640 || {{percentage bar|62.84}}
| align="right" | 17,994 || {{percentage bar|67.39}}
| align="right" | 19,441 || {{percentage bar|70.71}}
| align="right" | 21,593 || {{percentage bar|67.07}}
|-
| United Kingdom
| align="right" | 2,503 || {{percentage bar|10.15}}
| align="right" | 3,459 || {{percentage bar|13.06}}
| align="right" | 3,025 || {{percentage bar|11.33}}
| align="right" | 3,607 || {{percentage bar|13.12}}
| align="right" | 5,436 || {{percentage bar|16.89}}
|-
| Spain
| align="right" | 3,392 || {{percentage bar|13.75}}
| align="right" | 2,964 || {{percentage bar|11.19}}
| align="right" | 2,392 || {{percentage bar|8.96}}
| align="right" | 2,077 || {{percentage bar|7.55}}
| align="right" | 1,985 || {{percentage bar|6.17}}
|-
| Portugal
| align="right" | 248 || {{percentage bar|1.01}}
| align="right" | 172 || {{percentage bar|0.65}}
|
|
|
|
|
|-
| Morocco
| align="right" | 2,341 || {{percentage bar|9.49}}
| align="right" | 2,389 || {{percentage bar|9.02}}
| align="right" | 2,021 || {{percentage bar|7.57}}
| align="right" | 1,107 || {{percentage bar|4.03}}
| align="right" | 954   || {{percentage bar|2.96}}
|-
|Other/Not stated
| align="right" | 698 ||{{percentage bar|2.83}}
| align="right" | 855 ||{{percentage bar|3.22}}
| align="right" | 1,271||{{percentage bar|4.76}}
| align="right" | 1,263||{{percentage bar|4.59}}
| align="right" | 2,226||{{percentage bar|6.91}}
|-
| Total
| align="right" | 24,672 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 26,479 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 26,703 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 27,495 || {{percentage bar|100}}
| align="right" | 32,194 || {{percentage bar|100}}
|}
== Population overview ==

[[File:Gibraltar population (1725-2001).png|thumb|500px|Civilian population in Gibraltar according to the censuses from 1725 to 2001]]
The population of Gibraltar was 29,752 in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/images/stories/PDF/statistics/Key_Indicators_Website.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=2011-03-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180928123433/http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/images/stories/PDF/statistics/Key_Indicators_Website.pdf |archive-date=2018-09-28 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Vital statistics===
<ref>{{cite web|url=http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001|title=United Nations Statistics Division - Demographic and Social Statistics|website=unstats.un.org}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!
! width="80pt"|Average population
! width="80pt"|Live births
! width="80pt"|Deaths
! width="80pt"|Natural change
! width="80pt"|Crude birth rate (per 1000)
! width="80pt"|Crude death rate (per 1000)
! width="80pt"|Natural change (per 1000)
|-
| 1934
| align="right" | 17,000
| align="right" | 448
| align="right" | 279
| align="right" | 169
| align="right" | 26.4
| align="right" | 16.4
| align="right" | 9.9
|-
| 1935
| align="right" | 18,000
| align="right" | 457
| align="right" | 338
| align="right" | 119
| align="right" | 25.4
| align="right" | 18.8
| align="right" | 6.6
|-
| 1936
| align="right" | 18,000
| align="right" | 476
| align="right" | 355
| align="right" | 121
| align="right" | 26.4
| align="right" | 19.7
| align="right" | 6.7
|-
| 1937
| align="right" | 19,000
| align="right" | 491
| align="right" | 366
| align="right" | 125
| align="right" | 25.8
| align="right" | 19.3
| align="right" | 6.6
|-
| 1938
| align="right" | 19,000
| align="right" | 488
| align="right" | 335
| align="right" | 153
| align="right" | 25.7
| align="right" | 17.6
| align="right" | 8.1
|-
| 1939
| align="right" | 19,000
| align="right" | 508
| align="right" | 345
| align="right" | 163
| align="right" | 26.7
| align="right" | 18.2
| align="right" | 8.6
|-
| 1940<sup>1</sup>
| align="right" | 14,000
| align="right" | 241
| align="right" | 326
| align="right" | -85
| align="right" | 17.2
| align="right" | 23.3
| align="right" | -6.1
|-
| 1941<sup>1</sup>
| align="right" | 10,000
| align="right" | 4
| align="right" | 94
| align="right" | -90
| align="right" | 0.4
| align="right" | 9.4
| align="right" | -9.0
|-
| 1942<sup>1</sup>
| align="right" | 10,000
| align="right" | 1
| align="right" | 145
| align="right" | -144
| align="right" | 0.1
| align="right" | 14.5
| align="right" | -14.4
|-
| 1943<sup>1</sup>
| align="right" | 10,000
| align="right" | 3
| align="right" | 130
| align="right" | -127
| align="right" | 0.3
| align="right" | 13.0
| align="right" | -12.7
|-
| 1944<sup>1</sup>
| align="right" | 15,000
| align="right" | 50
| align="right" | 126
| align="right" | -76
| align="right" | 3.3
| align="right" | 8.4
| align="right" | -5.1
|-
| 1945
| align="right" | 20,000
| align="right" | 614
| align="right" | 192
| align="right" | 422
| align="right" | 30.7
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 21.1
|-
| 1946
| align="right" | 21,000
| align="right" | 449
| align="right" | 206
| align="right" | 224
| align="right" | 21.4
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 10.7
|-
| 1947
| align="right" | 22,000
| align="right" | 471
| align="right" | 184
| align="right" | 246
| align="right" | 21.4
| align="right" | 8.4
| align="right" | 11.2
|-
| 1948
| align="right" | 23,000
| align="right" | 491
| align="right" | 211
| align="right" | 280
| align="right" | 21.3
| align="right" | 9.2
| align="right" | 12.2
|-
| 1949
| align="right" | 23,000
| align="right" | 525
| align="right" | 215
| align="right" | 310
| align="right" | 22.8
| align="right" | 9.3
| align="right" | 13.5
|-
| 1950
| align="right" | 23,000
| align="right" | 459
| align="right" | 207
| align="right" | 252
| align="right" | 20.0
| align="right" | 9.0
| align="right" | 11.0
|-
| 1951
| align="right" | 23,000
| align="right" | 544
| align="right" | 285
| align="right" | 259
| align="right" | 23.7
| align="right" | 12.4
| align="right" | 11.3
|-
| 1952
| align="right" | 23,000
| align="right" | 551
| align="right" | 226
| align="right" | 325
| align="right" | 24.0
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 14.1
|-
| 1953
| align="right" | 23,000
| align="right" | 525
| align="right" | 228
| align="right" | 297
| align="right" | 22.8
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 12.9
|-
| 1954
| align="right" | 24,000
| align="right" | 566
| align="right" | 235
| align="right" | 331
| align="right" | 23.6
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 13.8
|-
| 1955
| align="right" | 24,000
| align="right" | 561
| align="right" | 224
| align="right" | 337
| align="right" | 23.4
| align="right" | 9.3
| align="right" | 14.0
|-
| 1956
| align="right" | 24,000
| align="right" | 571
| align="right" | 227
| align="right" | 344
| align="right" | 23.8
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 14.3
|-
| 1957
| align="right" | 24,000
| align="right" | 550
| align="right" | 250
| align="right" | 300
| align="right" | 22.9
| align="right" | 10.4
| align="right" | 12.5
|-
| 1958
| align="right" | 24,000
| align="right" | 600
| align="right" | 219
| align="right" | 381
| align="right" | 25.0
| align="right" | 9.1
| align="right" | 15.9
|-
| 1959
| align="right" | 24,000
| align="right" | 550
| align="right" | 231
| align="right" | 319
| align="right" | 22.9
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 13.3
|-
| 1960
| align="right" | 24,000
| align="right" | 616
| align="right" | 221
| align="right" | 395
| align="right" | 25.7
| align="right" | 9.2
| align="right" | 16.5
|-
| 1961
| align="right" | 23,900
| align="right" | 560
| align="right" | 241
| align="right" | 319
| align="right" | 23.4
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 13.3
|-
| 1962
| align="right" | 24,100
| align="right" | 561
| align="right" | 212
| align="right" | 349
| align="right" | 23.3
| align="right" | 8.8
| align="right" | 14.5
|-
| 1963
| align="right" | 24,300
| align="right" | 642
| align="right" | 182
| align="right" | 460
| align="right" | 26.4
| align="right" | 7.5
| align="right" | 18.9
|-
| 1964
| align="right" | 24,500
| align="right" | 629
| align="right" | 222
| align="right" | 407
| align="right" | 25.7
| align="right" | 9.1
| align="right" | 16.6
|-
| 1965
| align="right" | 25,300
| align="right" | 679
| align="right" | 243
| align="right" | 436
| align="right" | 26.8
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 17.2
|-
| 1966
| align="right" | 25,400
| align="right" | 597
| align="right" | 204
| align="right" | 393
| align="right" | 23.5
| align="right" | 8.0
| align="right" | 15.5
|-
| 1967
| align="right" | 25,700
| align="right" | 535
| align="right" | 244
| align="right" | 291
| align="right" | 20.8
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 11.3
|-
| 1968
| align="right" | 25,900
| align="right" | 542
| align="right" | 216
| align="right" | 326
| align="right" | 20.9
| align="right" | 8.3
| align="right" | 12.6
|-
| 1969
| align="right" | 26,200
| align="right" | 557
| align="right" | 246
| align="right" | 311
| align="right" | 21.3
| align="right" | 9.4
| align="right" | 11.9
|-
| 1970
| align="right" | 26,500
| align="right" | 573
| align="right" | 268
| align="right" | 305
| align="right" | 21.6
| align="right" | 10.1
| align="right" | 11.5
|-
| 1971
| align="right" | 28,000
| align="right" | 594
| align="right" | 238
| align="right" | 356
| align="right" | 21.2
| align="right" | 8.5
| align="right" | 12.7
|-
| 1972
| align="right" | 29,000
| align="right" | 581
| align="right" | 244
| align="right" | 337
| align="right" | 20.0
| align="right" | 8.4
| align="right" | 11.6
|-
| 1973
| align="right" | 29,600
| align="right" | 536
| align="right" | 244
| align="right" | 292
| align="right" | 18.1
| align="right" | 8.2
| align="right" | 9.9
|-
| 1974
| align="right" | 29,000
| align="right" | 575
| align="right" | 204
| align="right" | 371
| align="right" | 19.8
| align="right" | 7.0
| align="right" | 12.8
|-
| 1975
| align="right" | 29,700
| align="right" | 525
| align="right" | 231
| align="right" | 294
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 7.8
| align="right" | 9.9
|-
| 1976
| align="right" | 30,000
| align="right" | 510
| align="right" | 253
| align="right" | 247
| align="right" | 17.0
| align="right" | 8.8
| align="right" | 8.2
|-
| 1977
| align="right" | 30,100
| align="right" | 506
| align="right" | 248
| align="right" | 258
| align="right" | 16.8
| align="right" | 8.2
| align="right" | 8.6
|-
| 1978
| align="right" | 29,400
| align="right" | 520
| align="right" | 253
| align="right" | 267
| align="right" | 17.7
| align="right" | 8.6
| align="right" | 9.1
|-
| 1979
| align="right" | 29,700
| align="right" | 472
| align="right" | 257
| align="right" | 215
| align="right" | 15.9
| align="right" | 8.7
| align="right" | 7.2
|-
| 1980
| align="right" | 29,700
| align="right" | 550
| align="right" | 282
| align="right" | 268
| align="right" | 18.5
| align="right" | 9.5
| align="right" | 9.0
|-
| 1981
| align="right" | 29,700
| align="right" | 511
| align="right" | 231
| align="right" | 280
| align="right" | 17.2
| align="right" | 7.8
| align="right" | 9.4
|-
| 1982
| align="right" | 29,500
| align="right" | 566
| align="right" | 223
| align="right" | 343
| align="right" | 19.2
| align="right" | 7.6
| align="right" | 11.6
|-
| 1983
| align="right" | 29,100
| align="right" | 510
| align="right" | 252
| align="right" | 258
| align="right" | 17.5
| align="right" | 8.7
| align="right" | 8.9
|-
| 1984
| align="right" | 28,800
| align="right" | 506
| align="right" | 265
| align="right" | 241
| align="right" | 17.6
| align="right" | 9.2
| align="right" | 8.4
|-
| 1985
| align="right" | 28,600
| align="right" | 498
| align="right" | 276
| align="right" | 222
| align="right" | 17.4
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 7.8
|-
| 1986
| align="right" | 29,000
| align="right" | 507
| align="right" | 290
| align="right" | 217
| align="right" | 17.5
| align="right" | 10.0
| align="right" | 7.5
|-
| 1987
| align="right" | 29,500
| align="right" | 531
| align="right" | 217
| align="right" | 314
| align="right" | 18.0
| align="right" | 7.4
| align="right" | 10.6
|-
| 1988
| align="right" | 30,100
| align="right" | 523
| align="right" | 293
| align="right" | 230
| align="right" | 17.4
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 7.6
|-
| 1989
| align="right" | 30,700
| align="right" | 530
| align="right" | 219
| align="right" | 311
| align="right" | 17.3
| align="right" | 7.1
| align="right" | 10.1
|-
| 1990
| align="right" | 30,900
| align="right" | 531
| align="right" | 279
| align="right" | 252
| align="right" | 17.2
| align="right" | 9.0
| align="right" | 8.2
|-
| 1991
| align="right" | 30,000
| align="right" | 567
| align="right" | 255
| align="right" | 312
| align="right" | 18.9
| align="right" | 8.5
| align="right" | 10.4
|-
| 1992
| align="right" | 28,800
| align="right" | 569
| align="right" | 205
| align="right" | 364
| align="right" | 19.7
| align="right" | 7.1
| align="right" | 12.6
|-
| 1993
| align="right" | 28,100
| align="right" | 518
| align="right" | 275
| align="right" | 243
| align="right" | 18.5
| align="right" | 9.8
| align="right" | 8.7
|-
| 1994
| align="right" | 27,100
| align="right" | 509
| align="right" | 261
| align="right" | 248
| align="right" | 18.8
| align="right" | 9.6
| align="right" | 9.1
|-
| 1995
| align="right" | 27,200
| align="right" | 435
| align="right" | 205
| align="right" | 230
| align="right" | 16.0
| align="right" | 7.5
| align="right" | 8.5
|-
| 1996
| align="right" | 27,100
| align="right" | 445
| align="right" | 221
| align="right" | 224
| align="right" | 16.4
| align="right" | 8.2
| align="right" | 8.3
|-
| 1997
| align="right" | 27,200
| align="right" | 427
| align="right" | 263
| align="right" | 164
| align="right" | 15.7
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 6.0
|-
| 1998
| align="right" | 27,000
| align="right" | 411
| align="right" | 267
| align="right" | 144
| align="right" | 15.2
| align="right" | 9.9
| align="right" | 5.3
|-
| 1999
| align="right" | 27,200
| align="right" | 381
| align="right" | 277
| align="right" | 104
| align="right" | 14.0
| align="right" | 10.2
| align="right" | 3.8
|-
| 2000
| align="right" | 27,000
| align="right" | 408
| align="right" | 262
| align="right" | 146
| align="right" | 15.1
| align="right" | 9.7
| align="right" | 5.4
|-
| 2001
| align="right" | 28,200
| align="right" | 374
| align="right" | 249
| align="right" | 125
| align="right" | 13.2
| align="right" | 8.8
| align="right" | 4.4
|-
| 2002
| align="right" | 28,500
| align="right" | 371
| align="right" | 242
| align="right" | 129
| align="right" | 13.0
| align="right" | 8.5
| align="right" | 4.5
|-
| 2003
| align="right" | 28,600
| align="right" | 372
| align="right" | 234
| align="right" | 138
| align="right" | 13.0
| align="right" | 8.2
| align="right" | 4.8
|-
| 2004
| align="right" | 28,800
| align="right" | 421
| align="right" | 242
| align="right" | 179
| align="right" | 14.6
| align="right" | 8.4
| align="right" | 6.2
|-
| 2005
| align="right" | 28,800
| align="right" | 418
| align="right" | 249
| align="right" | 169
| align="right" | 14.5
| align="right" | 8.7
| align="right" | 5.9
|-
| 2006
| align="right" | 28,900
| align="right" | 373
| align="right" | 230
| align="right" | 143
| align="right" | 12.9
| align="right" | 8.0
| align="right" | 5.0
|-
| 2007
| align="right" | 29,300
| align="right" | 400
| align="right" | 202
| align="right" | 198
| align="right" | 13.7
| align="right" | 6.9
| align="right" | 6.8
|-
| 2008
| align="right" | 29,300
| align="right" | 400
| align="right" | 227
| align="right" | 173
| align="right" | 13.7
| align="right" | 7.8
| align="right" | 5.9
|-
| 2009
| align="right" | 29,400
| align="right" | 417
| align="right" | 234
| align="right" | 183
| align="right" | 14.2
| align="right" | 8.0
| align="right" | 6.2
|-
| 2010
| align="right" | 29,441
| align="right" | 493
| align="right" | 231
| align="right" | 262
| align="right" | 16.7
| align="right" | 7.8
| align="right" | 8.9
|-
| 2011
| align="right" | 29,752
| align="right" | 442
| align="right" | 241
| align="right" | 201
| align="right" | 14.9
| align="right" | 8.1
| align="right" | 6.8
|-
| 2012
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 461
| align="right" | 264
| align="right" | 197
| align="right" | 15.4
| align="right" | 8.8
| align="right" | 6.6
|-
| 2013
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 426
| align="right" | 230
| align="right" | 196
| align="right" | 13.0
| align="right" | 7.0
| align="right" | 6.0
|-
| 2015
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 492
| align="right" | 235
| align="right" | 257
| align="right" | 14.7
| align="right" | 7.0
| align="right" | 7.7
|-
| 2016
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 424
| align="right" | 249
| align="right" | 175
| align="right" | 12.5
| align="right" | 7.3
| align="right" | 5.2
|-
| 2017
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 286
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
|-
| 2018
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 402<ref>{{Cite web |title=Gibraltar's most popular baby names of 2018 revealed |url=https://www.gbc.gi/news/gibraltars-most-popular-baby-names%C2%A0-2018-revealed |access-date=2024-06-08|website=www.gbc.gi}}</ref>
| align="right" | 315
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
|-
| 2019
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 423<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethan and Olivia; Gibraltar's most popular baby names of 2019|url=https://www.gbc.gi/news/thomas-and-anna-gibraltars-most-popular-baby-names-2020 |access-date=2024-06-08|website=www.gbc.gi}}</ref>
| align="right" | 268
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
|-
| 2020
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 383<ref>{{Cite web |title=Thomas and Anna; Gibraltar's most popular baby names 2020
|url=https://www.gbc.gi/news/ethan-and-olivia-gibraltars-most-popular-baby-names-2019 |access-date=2024-06-08|website=www.gbc.gi}}</ref>
| align="right" | 270
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
|-
| 2021
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 417<ref>{{Cite web |title=Kai and Sophia most popular baby names of 2021 on the Rock
|url=https://www.gbc.gi/news/kai-and-sophia-most-popular-baby-names-2021-rock |access-date=2024-06-08|website=www.gbc.gi}}</ref>
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
|-
| 2022
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 364<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sienna, Leo & Elijah - most popular baby names of 2022
|url=https://www.gbc.gi/news/sienna-leo-elijah-most-popular-baby-names-2022 |access-date=2024-06-08|website=www.gbc.gi}}</ref>
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
|-
| 2023
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 318<ref>{{Cite web |title=Luca, Ava and Lucia top 2023 baby names list, as number of births drops
|url=https://www.gbc.gi/news/luca-ava-and-lucia-top-2023-baby-names-list-number-births-drops |access-date=2024-06-08|website=www.gbc.gi}}</ref>
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 
|}
<sup>1</sup><small>During [[World War II]] a large part of the civilian population (including most women) were evacuated.</small>

===Structure of the population===

{{Hidden begin 
|title= Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 12.XI.2012) (Excluding military personnel, visitors and transients.): <ref>{{Cite web |title=UNSD — Demographic and Social Statistics |url=https://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic-social/products/dyb/#statistics |access-date=2023-05-10 |website=unstats.un.org}}</ref>
|titlestyle = background:#EEBC35;
}}
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width="80pt"|Age Group
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80pt"|Female
! width="80pt"|Total
! width="80pt"|%
|-
| align="right" | Total
| align="right" | 16 061
| align="right" | 16 133 
| align="right" | 32 194
| align="right" | 100
|-
| align="right" | 0–4
| align="right" | 982
| align="right" | 970
| align="right" | 1 952
| align="right" | 6.06
|-
| align="right" | 5–9
| align="right" | 967 
| align="right" | 927
| align="right" | 1 894
| align="right" | 5.88
|-
| align="right" | 10–14
| align="right" | 1 050
| align="right" | 937
| align="right" | 1 987
| align="right" | 6.17
|-
| align="right" | 15–19
| align="right" | 1 038
| align="right" | 959
| align="right" | 1 997
| align="right" | 6.20
|-
| align="right" | 20–24
| align="right" | 1 042
| align="right" | 986
| align="right" | 2 028
| align="right" | 6.30
|-
| align="right" | 25–29
| align="right" | 999
| align="right" | 986
| align="right" | 1 985
| align="right" | 6.17
|-
| align="right" | 30–34
| align="right" | 1 107
| align="right" | 1 047
| align="right" | 2 154 
| align="right" | 6.69
|-
| align="right" | 35–39
| align="right" | 1 080
| align="right" | 1 137
| align="right" | 2 217
| align="right" | 6.89
|-
| align="right" | 40–44
| align="right" | 1 076
| align="right" | 1 122
| align="right" | 2 198
| align="right" | 6.83
|-
| align="right" | 45–49
| align="right" | 1 203
| align="right" | 1 181
| align="right" | 2 384
| align="right" | 7.41
|-
| align="right" | 50–54
| align="right" | 1 072
| align="right" | 1 086
| align="right" | 2 158
| align="right" | 6.70
|-
| align="right" | 55–59
| align="right" | 1 054
| align="right" | 987
| align="right" | 2 041
| align="right" | 6.34
|-
| align="right" | 60–64
| align="right" | 1 034
| align="right" | 920
| align="right" | 1 954
| align="right" | 6.07
|-
| align="right" | 65–69
| align="right" | 853
| align="right" | 802
| align="right" | 1 655
| align="right" | 5.14
|-
| align="right" | 70–74
| align="right" | 563
| align="right" | 613
| align="right" | 1 176
| align="right" | 3.65
|-
| align="right" | 75–79
| align="right" | 456
| align="right" | 565
| align="right" | 1 021
| align="right" | 3.17
|-
| align="right" | 80–84
| align="right" | 297
| align="right" | 435
| align="right" | 732
| align="right" | 2.27
|-
| align="right" | 85–89
| align="right" | 141
| align="right" | 296
| align="right" | 437
| align="right" | 1.36
|-
| align="right" | 90–94
| align="right" | 37
| align="right" | 143
| align="right" | 180
| align="right" | 0.56
|-
| align="right" | 95–99
| align="right" | 10
| align="right" | 29
| align="right" | 39
| align="right" | 0.12
|-
| align="right" | 100+
| align="right" | 0
| align="right" | 5
| align="right" | 5
| align="right" | 0.02
|-
! width="50"|Age group 
! width="80pt"|Male
! width="80"|Female
! width="80"|Total
! width="50"|Percent
|-
| align="right" | 0–14
| align="right" | 2 999
| align="right" | 2 834
| align="right" | 5 833
| align="right" | 18.12
|-
| align="right" | 15–64
| align="right" | 10 705
| align="right" | 10 411
| align="right" | 21 116
| align="right" | 65.59
|-
| align="right" | 65+
| align="right" | 2 357
| align="right" | 2 888
| align="right" | 5 245
| align="right" | 16.29
|-
|}
{{Hidden end}}

== CIA World Factbook demographic statistics ==

The following demographic statistics are from the [[CIA World Factbook]], unless otherwise indicated.

===Population age===
: ''0-14 years:'' 19.99% (male 3,034; female 2,888)
: ''15-64 years:'' 62.62% (male 9,357; female 9,197)
: ''65 years and over:'' 17.39% (male 2,523; female 2,630) (2023 est.)

===Sex ratio===
: ''At birth:'' 1.05 males/female
: ''0-14 years:'' 1.05 males/female
: ''15-64 years:'' 1.02 males/female
: ''65 years and over:'' 0.96 males/female
: ''total population:'' 1.01 males/female (2023 est.)

The median age is: 
: total: 36.6 years
: male: 36 years
: female: 37.2 years (2023 est.)

===Life expectancy at birth===
: ''total population:'' 80.7 years
: ''male:'' 77.8 years
: ''female:'' 83.6 years (2023 est.)

===Fertility===
1.9 children born/woman (2023 est.)

===Infant mortality===
: ''total:'' 6.9 deaths/1,000 live births
: ''male:'' 5.3 deaths/1,000 live births 
: ''female:'' 6.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)

===Nationality===
: ''noun:'' Gibraltarian(s)
: ''adjective:'' Gibraltar

===Religions===
{| class="wikitable"
| [[Roman Catholic]] || {{percentage bar|72.1}}
|-
| [[Church of England]] || {{percentage bar|7.7}}
|-
| Other [[Christians|Christian]] || {{percentage bar|3.8}}
|-
| [[Muslim]] || {{percentage bar|3.6}}
|-
| [[Jewish]] || {{percentage bar|2.4}}
|-
| [[Hindu]] || {{percentage bar|2.0}}
|-
| other or unspecified || {{percentage bar|1.3}}
|-
| none || {{percentage bar|7.1}}
|}
(2012 census)<ref>{{Cite web |title=Census of Gibraltar, 2012 |url=https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/HMGoG_Documents/Full%20Census%20Report%202012%20FINAL.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240410073631/https://www.gibraltar.gov.gi/new/sites/default/files/HMGoG_Documents/Full%20Census%20Report%202012%20FINAL.pdf |archive-date=10 April 2024 |access-date=10 April 2024}}</ref>

===Languages===
[[English language|English]] (used in schools and for official purposes), [[Spanish language|Spanish]]. Most Gibraltarians converse in ''[[Llanito]]'', an [[Andalusian Spanish]] based [[vernacular]]. It consists of an eclectic mix of Andalusian Spanish and [[British English]] as well as languages such as [[Maltese language|Maltese]], [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]], [[Italian language|Italian]] of the [[Genoese dialect|Genoese]] variety and [[Haketia]]. Among more educated Gibraltarians, it also typically involves [[code-switching]] to English. [[Arabic language|Arabic]] is spoken by the Moroccan community, just like [[Hindi]] and [[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] is spoken by the Indian community of Gibraltar. [[Maltese language|Maltese]] is still spoken by some families of Maltese descent.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
*[http://www.gibraltar.gov.gi Government of Gibraltar website]

==See also==
{{Demographics of Europe}}

{{Gibraltar topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Demographics Of Gibraltar}}
[[Category:Demographics of Gibraltar| ]]