Editing David Nolan (politician)

{{Short description|Founder of the Libertarian Party of the US (1943–2010)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = David Nolan
| image               = LP Convention David Nolan (3x4 cropped).JPG
| caption             = Nolan at the 2008 Libertarian Party national convention
| office              = 1st Chair of the [[Libertarian National Committee]]
| term_start          = 1971
| term_end            = 1972
| predecessor         = 
| successor           = Susan Nolan
| birth_name          = David Fraser Nolan
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1943|11|23|mf=y}}
| birth_place         = [[Washington, D.C.]], U.S.
| death_date          = {{death date and age|2010|11|21|1943|11|23|mf=y}}
| death_place         = [[Tucson, Arizona]], U.S.
| occupation          = Writer, politician
| known_for           = Founding the [[Libertarian Party of the United States|Libertarian Party]]<br />Inventing the [[Nolan Chart]]
| party               = [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]] (after 1971)
| otherparty          = {{plainlist|
* [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] (1961–1971)
}}
| education           = [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]])
}}
{{Libertarianism US|people}}
'''David Fraser Nolan''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|n|oʊ|l|ə|n}}; November 23, 1943 – November 21, 2010<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.fox11az.com/news/local/Libertarian-co-founder-David-Nolan-died-in-Tucson-109907834.html |title=Libertarian co-founder David Nolan died in Tucson |date=November 22, 2010 |work=fox11az.com |access-date=November 23, 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719062932/http://www.fox11az.com/news/local/Libertarian-co-founder-David-Nolan-died-in-Tucson-109907834.html |archive-date=July 19, 2011}}</ref>) was an American activist and politician. He was one of the founders of the [[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian Party of the United States]], having hosted the meeting in 1971 at which the Party was founded.<ref name="DMartinNYT11222010">Martin, Douglas. [https://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/23/us/23nolan.html David Nolan, 66, Is Dead; Started Libertarian Party], ''[[The New York Times]]'', November 22, 2010. ''"After switching his major to political science, his involvement in conservative politics deepened. He was a founding member of M.I.T. Students for Goldwater in 1964, promoting the Republican presidential candidacy of Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona, and helped it become the largest chapter in New England."''</ref><ref>Bill Winter, [https://archive.today/20120530095126/http://health.groups.yahoo.com/group/cp3/message/9701 "1971–2001: The Libertarian Party's 30th Anniversary Year: Remembering the first three decades of America's 'Party of Principle'"] LP News</ref> Nolan subsequently served the party in a number of roles including [[Libertarian National Committee|National Committee Chair]], editor of the party newsletter, Chair of the By-laws Committee, Chair of the Judicial Committee, and Chair of the Platform Committee.

David Fraser Nolan is also known as the inventor of the [[Nolan Chart]],<ref>Doherty, Brian.  "Radicals for Capitalism" p. 32.  PublicAffairs.</ref> an attempt to improve on the left versus right political taxonomy by separating the issues of economic freedom and social freedom and presenting them on a two-dimensional plane instead of the traditional line. Decades after its introduction, it continues to be popular, with millions of copies having been distributed, including by the group Advocates for Self-Government as the "[[World's Smallest Political Quiz]]".

== Early life and education ==
Nolan was born on November 23, 1943, in Washington, D.C., and grew up in [[Maryland]].<ref>Emma Brown (November 24, 2010). [https://web.archive.org/web/20131105214501/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-26819826.html "Co-founder of national Libertarian Party."] ''The Washington Post''. Washingtonpost Newsweek Interactive.</ref> During high school, he was influenced by [[Ayn Rand]] and [[Robert A. Heinlein]] and their [[libertarianism]]. He enrolled at [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]], graduating with a BS in political science in 1965.<ref name="Doherty">[[Brian Doherty (journalist)|Brian Doherty]] ''Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern American Libertarian Movement'', [[PublicAffairs]], 2007, 389–394.</ref> While at MIT, he helped in founding M.I.T. Students for Goldwater in 1964, promoting the Republican presidential candidacy of Senator [[Barry Goldwater]].<ref name="DMartinNYT11222010" />

== Career ==
[[File:Nolan-chart.svg|thumb|150px|right|While the traditional political "left-right" [[Political spectrum|spectrum]] is a line, the [[Nolan Chart]], created by David Nolan, is a plane, situating libertarianism in a wider gamut of political thought.]]
[[File:NolanwithNolanChart1996.jpg|thumb|150px|Nolan pictured with his eponymous chart at the 1996 Libertarian National Convention]]
Nolan was a member of [[Young Americans for Freedom]] in 1969 when more than 300 libertarians organized to take control of the organization from conservatives. Many walked out after a physical confrontation sparked by the [[Draft-card burning|burning of a draft card]] in protest to a conservative proposal against draft resistance. While sympathizing with the radicals, Nolan remained with the organization.<ref>Rebecca E. Klatch, [https://books.google.com/books?id=61oY9P7RrmcC ''A Generation Divided: The New Left, the New Right, and the 1960s''], [[University of California Press]], 1999 {{ISBN|0-520-21714-4}}, 215–237.</ref>

[[File:David Nolan.jpg|thumb|125px|David Nolan during his 2010 Senate campaign]]
Nolan believed that in August 1971, President [[Richard Nixon]]'s imposition of wage and price controls and closing the foreign gold window along with his belief that the Vietnam War was both ill-considered and illegal,<ref name="DMartinNYT11222010" /> were three of the final straws for Nolan and his group of initial founders of the Libertarian Party.  Nolan and his group had initiated a Committee the previous July, [[Committee to Form a Libertarian Party]], and joined forces with a previous demonstration Libertarian Party project and non-partisan political efforts of the now [[Liberty International (organization)|Liberty International]]. The group organized among a number of libertarians, including the International Society for Individual Liberty, which had been formed by dissident members of Young Americans for Freedom and European libertarians.  They officially founded the Libertarian Party on December 11, 1971.<ref name="Doherty" />

He ran unsuccessfully as a Libertarian for the [[United States House of Representatives]] in the [[2006 Arizona's 8th congressional district election]] and received 1.9% of the vote. He also ran as the Libertarian candidate in the [[2010 United States Senate election in Arizona]], and received 63,000 votes,<ref>Clayton R. Norman [http://azstarnet.com/news/local/govt-and-politics/article_69682c47-39f1-5104-bd90-4913f7890112.html David Nolan, a founder of Libertarian Party, dies], ''[[Arizona Daily Star]]'', November 22, 2010.</ref> 4.7% of the total.

In the last few years of his life, especially after much of the Libertarian Party's platform was deleted in an organized "no confidence" effort by "reformers" in 2006, Nolan was sharply critical of the direction the party had taken, accusing party leaders of abandoning its radical roots and being "absorbed with minutia" and too focused on winning elections. "They're afraid to say anything that might scare people, because that might keep people from voting for them," he told [[Lew Rockwell]] in a December 2008 radio interview. "It's become a very timid organization in the last six or eight years."<ref>Lew Rockwell Show [https://secure.lewrockwell.com/assets/podcast/2008-12-16_085_david_nolan_what_happened_to_the_libertarian_party.mp3 "David Nolan: What Happened to the Libertarian Party"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714155635/https://secure.lewrockwell.com/assets/podcast/2008-12-16_085_david_nolan_what_happened_to_the_libertarian_party.mp3 |date=July 14, 2021 }}</ref>

In 2009, Nolan publicly endorsed the [[Free State Project]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.freestateproject.org/about/endorsements#nolan |title=David Nolan endorsement of the Free State Project |access-date=August 21, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070218115424/http://freestateproject.org/about/endorsements/#nolan |archive-date=February 18, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> an attempt to move 20,000 Libertarians to New Hampshire to experience "Liberty in their Lifetimes".

Nolan died of a stroke in [[Tucson, Arizona]], on November 21, 2010.<ref>Dylan Smith, [http://www.tucsonsentinel.com/local/report/112110_nolan_obit David Nolan, Libertarian founder, dies at 66], TucsonSentinel.com, November 21, 2010.</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131230105859/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1P2-26802180.html "OUR VIEW: Great defender of freedom passes on (poll)."] ''The Gazette''. Colorado Springs, CO. November 23, 2010. Newswire by the ''[[Orange County Register]]''.</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Biography}}
* [[Geolibertarianism]]
* [[Libertarianism in the United States]]
* [[Libertarian Party (United States)]]
* [[Political spectrum]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101125114002/http://www.libertarianism.com/pop_celebrity/157 "David Nolan – Libertarian Celebrity"]
* {{C-SPAN|20107}}
* [http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa580.pdf The Libertarian Vote], by David Boaz and David Kirby. [[Cato Institute]] policy analysis paper 580, October 18, 2006.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101125184321/http://nolan2010.org/ David Nolan for Senate] 2010 Senate candidacy page

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nolan, David}}
[[Category:1943 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:American activists]]
[[Category:American political party founders]]
[[Category:Arizona Libertarians]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 2006 United States elections]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 2010 United States elections]]
[[Category:Libertarian National Committee chairs]]
[[Category:MIT School of Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences alumni]]
[[Category:Massachusetts Republicans]]