Editing Daniel Schultz

{{Infobox artist
| name             = Daniel Schultz
| image            = Daniel Schultz, self-portrait.PNG
| caption          = Self-portrait ca. 1635, National Museum in Warsaw
| birth_name       = 
| birth_date       = {{circa|1615}}
| birth_place      = [[Gdańsk]], [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
| death_date       = {{Death year and age|1683|1615}}
| death_place      = [[Gdańsk]], Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
| nationality      = 
| field            = [[Painting]]
| training         = 
| movement         = [[Baroque]]
| works            = 
| patrons          = [[John II Casimir Vasa]],<br> [[Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki]],<br> [[John III Sobieski]]
| awards           = 
}}

'''Jerzy''' ('''Georg''') '''Daniel Schultz''' <ref name="schultz_pl"/> known also as '''Daniel Schultz the Younger''' ({{circa|1615}} &ndash; 1683) was a prominent painter<!-- please no assertion of nationality here! --> of the [[Baroque]] era, born and active in the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Daniel Stone|title=The Polish–Lithuanian state, 1386-1795|year=2001 |page=221 |publisher=University of Washington Press |isbn=978-0-295-98093-5 }}</ref> He painted many Polish and Lithuanian nobles, members of the royal family, local [[Patrician (post-Roman Europe)|Patrician]]s, such as the astronomer [[Johannes Hevelius]]; animals, and hunts. His work can be found at the [[Wawel Royal Castle National Art Collection|Wawel Castle State Art Collections]], the [[National Museum, Warsaw|National Museum]] in [[Warsaw]], the [[Stockholm National Museum]], the [[Hermitage Museum]], and at the [[National Museum, Gdańsk|Gdańsk National Museum]].<ref name="schultz_pl">{{cite web |url=http://www.schultz.pl/bioe.php|title=Daniel Schultz the Younger|work=www.schultz.pl |date=2003-07-03 |access-date=2009-03-18}}</ref>

==Life and professional career==
Born somewhere around 1615 in [[Gdańsk]] (Danzig),<ref>{{cite book |author=Stefan Muthesius|title=Art, architecture and design in Poland, 966-1990: an introduction|year=1994 |page=43 |publisher=K.R. Langewiesche Nachfolger H. Köster Verlagsbuchhandlung |isbn=978-3-7845-7611-4 }}</ref> in Pomeranian Voivodeship,<ref>''Polnisch-Preußen'' - '''official name''' (legal name) in the original state document - ''State Constitution of the Polish-Prussia'' (see: [https://books.google.com/books?id=9RsVAAAAQAAJ&dq=Constitution+Preussen&pg=PA380 Excerpt] in the publication of 1764, p. 581)</ref> [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]], Schultz learned the art of painting from his uncle, [[Daniel Schultz the Elder]], another important painter, working in his workshop for about five years.<ref name="schultz_pl" /> After his uncle's death he travelled to [[France]] and the [[Netherlands]] to continue his studies for about three years.<ref name="schultz_pl" />

[[File:Sokolnik Jana Kazimierza.jpg|thumb|250px|left|''Crimean Falconer'' of King [[John II Casimir Vasa|John Casimir]], 1664, [[Hermitage Museum]]]]

Schultz became the leading artist at the [[Warsaw]] court of the Polish kings in the second half of the 17th century.<ref name="schultz_pl" /> In 1649 he became a private painter to the Polish king [[John II Casimir Vasa]], and then to successor kings [[Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki|Michael Wiśniowiecki]] and [[John III Sobieski]].<ref name="schultz_pl" /> Schultz returned to his hometown around 1660, yet from time to time worked on royal commissions in Warsaw, often in the [[Wilanów Palace]].<ref name="schultz_pl" /> His great portraits of Polish kings and nobles are among the best examples of Baroque art in Poland. The most notable of his works ''Crimean Falconer of King John II Casimir with his Family '' (also known as ''The Family Portrait'', today in the State Hermitage Museum in St. Petersburg) was painted in 1664.<ref name="schultz_pl" /> It depicts [[Crimea]]n [[Agha (Ottoman Empire)|Agha]] Dedesh (or Dedis) with his sons and servants.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.schultz.pl/detale.php?a=da|title=Family Portrait of Dedesza Aga|work=www.schultz.pl |date=2003-07-03 |access-date=2009-03-18}}</ref><ref name="krakowski">{{cite book |author=Piotr Krakowski|title=Teoretyczne podstawy architektury wieku XIX, Wydania 14-16|year=1979 |page=63 |publisher=PWN |language=pl}}</ref> The eldest son of Agha was entitled ''Royal Falconer'' in reward for his father's support during the [[Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)|Polish war with Russia]] (1654–1667). This work was painted during Agha's visit to Warsaw after successful invasion of the [[Left-bank Ukraine]] (1663–1664).<ref name="krakowski" /> Rich color variations of cerise, dark green and orange create an ideal composition with silver-brown tone of the painting. Some of the portraits of John II are also well known - ''en pied'' propaganda portrait in Polish costume, when he was leading the [[Battle of Berestechko|Berestechko expedition]] and so-called ''[[Bielany]] portrait'' in armour with black glow of burning [[Kraków]] in background.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Zofia Baranowicz|author2=Aleksander Gieysztor|author2-link=Aleksander Gieysztor|author3=Janusz Durko|title=Warszawa, jej dzieje i kultura|year=1980 |editor=Aleksander Gieysztor |editor2=Janusz Durko |page=149 |publisher=Arkady |isbn=978-83-213-2958-1 |language=pl}}</ref>

His greatest activity occurred during the reign of John II.<ref name="schultz_pl" /> At that time Schultz painted many [[portrait]]s and [[Christian art|religious paintings]]. For the abdicating king he painted [[Saint Casimir]], which was later displayed in the [[Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés]] in [[Paris]] (missing).<ref name="schultz_pl" /> After the king's death, he painted his [[coffin portrait]] (now at the [[Royal Castle, Warsaw|Royal Castle]] in Warsaw), that was later placed in the Marble Room at the Royal Castle among preserved 22 effigies of the [[List of Polish monarchs|Polish monarchs]] by [[Peter Danckerts de Rij]].<ref name="schultz_pl" /> The inspirations of [[Rembrandt]] and [[Philippe de Champaigne]] are visible in his works. During his career at the court he probably had contact with some of Rembrandt's works, as king John II was a passionate collector of [[Dutch School (painting)|Dutch paintings]] and by his agent in [[Amsterdam]], [[Gerrit van Uylenburgh]], he purchased many of his works (''The bath of Diana'', ''Actaeon'' among others).<ref>{{cite book|author=Zbigniew Wójcik|title=Jan Kazimierz Waza|year=1997|page=[https://archive.org/details/jankazimierzwaza00wojc/page/186 186]|url=https://archive.org/details/jankazimierzwaza00wojc/page/186|publisher=Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich|isbn=978-83-04-04353-4|language=pl|url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author=Stefania Ochmann-Staniszewska|title=Dynastia Wazów w Polsce |year=2006 |page=308 |publisher=PWN|isbn=978-83-01-14584-2 |language=pl}}</ref>

Schultz lived in Gdańsk at the same time as the<!-- please no assertion of nationality here! -->  engraver [[Jeremias Falck]] ({{Circa|1620}}–1664), who often engraved portraits after Schultz's paintings.

==Selected works==
<gallery style="text-align:center">
File:Johan II Kasimir, 1609-1672, konung av Polen (Daniel Schultz d.y.) - Nationalmuseum - 15943 (cropped).tif|''Portrait of King John II Casimir'', c. 1649, [[Nationalmuseum]]
File:Schultz John Casimir Vasa.jpg|''John Casimir'', c. 1667, [[National Museum, Warsaw]]
File: King Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki.jpg|''Michael Korybut Wisniowiecki'', 1670, [[Lviv National Art Gallery]], [[Ukraine]] 
File:Schultz John III Sobieski.jpg|''John III Sobieski'', 1680, [[National Museum, Warsaw]]
File:Schultz Marie Louise Gonzaga.jpg|''Marie Louise Gonzaga'', 1667, [[National Museum, Warsaw]]
File:Polowanie na kaczki.jpg|''Duck hunt'', between 1660-1669, [[National Museum, Gdańsk]]
File:Schultz Man holding a hare.jpg|''Portrait of a man holding a hare'', 1660-1670, [[National Museum, Wrocław]]
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Daniel Schultz the Younger}}
*[http://www.schultz.pl/indexe.php Website devoted to Daniel Schultz and his work]
*[http://malarze.com/artysta.php?id=25 Schultz's gallery at malarze.com]
*[https://www.youtube.com/shorts/pqArH4eEesg ''A fox and grapes'' - Daniel Schultz, 1648, youtube.com]
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Schultz, Georg Daniel}}
[[Category:1610s births]]
[[Category:1683 deaths]]
[[Category:Artists from Gdańsk]]
[[Category:Court painters of Polish kings]]
[[Category:17th-century Polish painters]]
[[Category:Polish male painters]]
[[Category:Baroque painters]]