Editing Daniel Quinn

{{short description|American writer}}
{{hatnote|For other people with this name, see [[Daniel Quinn (disambiguation)]].}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2014}}
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
 | name        = Daniel Clarence Quinn
 | image       = DanielQuinnImg.jpg
 | caption     =
 | birth_date  = {{birth date|1935|10|11}}{{sfn|Von Ruff|n.d.}}  | birth_place = [[Omaha, Nebraska]], U.S.
 | death_date  = {{Death date and age|2018|2|17|1935|10|11}}
 | death_place = [[Houston]], [[Texas]], U.S.
 | occupation  = Writer
 | website     = {{URL|ishmael.org}}
}}
'''Daniel Clarence Quinn''' (October 11, 1935 – February 17, 2018){{sfn|n+1|2018}} was an American author (primarily, [[novelist]] and [[fabulist]]),<ref name="Wilson">{{Harvcoltxt|Wilson|2007|p=70}}</ref> [[cultural critic]],{{sfn|Quinn|2007}} and publisher of [[textbook|educational texts]], best known for his novel ''[[Ishmael (Quinn novel)|Ishmael]]'', which won the [[Turner Tomorrow Fellowship Award]] in 1991 and was published the following year. Quinn's ideas are popularly associated with [[environmentalism]], though he criticized this term for portraying the environment as separate from human life, thus creating a [[false dichotomy]].{{sfn|Quinn|2002}} Instead, Quinn referred to his philosophy as "new [[tribalism]]".<ref name="Dawei 2014 53">{{Harvcoltxt|Bei Dawei|2014|p=53}}</ref>

==Biography==
Daniel Quinn was born in [[Omaha, Nebraska]], where he graduated from [[Creighton Preparatory School]]. He went on to study at [[Saint Louis University]], at the [[University of Vienna]], [[Austria]], through [[Institute for the International Education of Students|IES Abroad]], and at [[Loyola University Chicago|Loyola University]], receiving a bachelor's degree in English ''[[cum laude]]'' in 1957. He delayed part of this university education, however, while a [[postulant]] at the [[Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani]] in [[Bardstown, Kentucky]], where he hoped to become a [[Trappist]] [[monk]];<ref name="Dawei 2014 46">{{Harvcoltxt|Bei Dawei|2014|p=46}}</ref> however his spiritual director, [[Thomas Merton]], prematurely ended Quinn's postulancy. Quinn went into publishing, abandoned his [[Catholic]] faith, and married twice unsuccessfully,<ref>Quinn (''Providence'', 1996:107)</ref> before marrying Rennie MacKay Quinn, his third and final wife of 42 years.<ref name="obit">"In Memory of Daniel Clarence Quinn". ''Legacy''. Neptune Society. 2018.</ref>

In 1975, Quinn left his career as a publisher to become a [[freelance writer]]. He is best known for his book ''[[Ishmael (Quinn novel)|Ishmael]]'' (1992), which won the [[Turner Tomorrow Fellowship Award]] in 1991. Several judges disputed giving the entire $500,000 award to Quinn for ''Ishmael'', rather than dividing the money among several authors, though judge [[Ray Bradbury]], for one, supported the decision.{{sfn|McDowell|1991}} ''Ishmael'' became the first of a loose trilogy of novels by Quinn, including ''[[The Story of B]]'' and ''[[My Ishmael]]'', all of which brought increasing fame to Quinn throughout the 1990s. He became a well-known author to followers of the [[environmental movement|environmental]], [[simple living]], and [[anarchy|anarchist movements]], although he did not strongly self-identify with any of these.<ref name="Taylor">{{Harvcoltxt|Taylor|2010|pp=78–79}}</ref>

Quinn traveled widely to lecture and discuss his books. While response to ''[[Ishmael (Quinn novel)|Ishmael]]'' was mostly very positive, Quinn's ideas have inspired the most controversy with a claim mentioned in ''Ishmael'' but made much more forcefully in ''[[The Story of B]]''{{'}}s Appendix that the [[Human overpopulation#Population as a function of food availability|total human population grows and shrinks according to food availability]] and with the catastrophic real-world conclusions he draws from this.<ref name="Dawei 2014 44">{{Harvcoltxt|Bei Dawei|2014|p=44}}</ref>

In 1998, Quinn collaborated with environmental biologist Alan D. Thornhill in producing ''Food Production and Population Growth,'' a video elaborating in-depth the science behind the ideas he describes in his fiction.<ref name="Moral Ground">[https://web.archive.org/web/20160523072224/http://moralground.com/authors/daniel-quinn] ''Moral Ground''. Trinity University Press. 2010. (Wayback Machine Archive, May 23 2016)</ref>

Quinn's book ''Tales of Adam'' was released in 2005 after a long bankruptcy scuffle with its initial publisher. It is designed to be a look through the [[animist]]'s eyes in seven short tales; Quinn first explores the idea of [[animism]] as the original worldwide religion and as his own dogma-free belief system in ''The Story of B'' and his autobiography, ''[[Providence: The Story of a Fifty-Year Vision Quest]]''.<ref name="Dawei 2014 46" />

In February 2018, Quinn died of [[aspiration pneumonia]] in [[hospice care]].<ref name="obit" />

==Philosophy and themes==
Daniel Quinn was largely a [[fiction]] writer who explored the [[cultural bias|culturally-biased]] [[world-view]] ("[[mythology]]", in his terms) driving [[modern civilization]] and the destruction of the [[Natural environment|natural world]].<ref name="Gorman" /> He sought to recognize and criticize some of civilization's most unchallenged "myths" or [[meme]]s, which he considered to include the following: that the Earth was made especially for humans, so humans are destined to conquer and rule it; that humans are innately and inevitably flawed;<ref name="Taylor" /><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Burr|2007|pp=36–38}}</ref> that humans are separate from and superior to nature (which Quinn called "the most dangerous idea in existence");<ref name="Seed" /> and that all humans must be made to live according to some ''one right way''.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Burr|2007|pp=37–38}}</ref>

Other common themes included [[ecology]], [[environmental ethics]], [[culture]], and an in-depth look at human [[population dynamics]]. Although Quinn himself regarded the following associations as coincidental, his philosophy is sometimes compared with [[deep ecology]], [[Bright green environmentalism#Dark greens, light greens and bright greens|dark-green environmentalism]], or [[anarcho-primitivism]].<ref name="Taylor" /><ref name="Seed">{{Harvcoltxt|Seed|2005}}</ref><ref>Zellen, Barry (2008), ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=s3YsHFVnghYC&dq Breaking the Ice. From Land Claims to Tribal Sovereignty in the Arctic]'', Lexington Books, 2008, pg. 331</ref>

Quinn notably claimed that the total population of humans, like all living things, grows and shrinks according to a basic ecological law: an increase in food availability for any population [[Human overpopulation#Population as a function of food availability|yields an accompanying increase]] in the [[population growth|population's overall size]].<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Foung|2002|p=91}}</ref> Quinn worried that [[Popular culture|popular cultural thinking]] ignores this reality, instead regarding civilized humans as separate from and above any such law.<ref name="Taylor" /> He identified the [[Neolithic Revolution]] as the start of [[human overpopulation]], when civilized peoples began to practice an [[imperialism|imperialistic]] world-view that denigrates nature and that relies entirely upon expansionist farming ("totalitarian agriculture"),<ref name="Burr 2007 24–5">{{Harvcoltxt|Burr|2007|pp=24–5}}</ref> the human population growing in proportion to the decline of the rest of the world's [[biomass]].<ref name="Taylor" /> 

Quinn's warnings about population, especially in relation to food availability, have often been compared to the [[Malthusian catastrophe|warnings]] of 19th-century economist [[Thomas Robert Malthus]].{{sfn|Ishmael.org|n.d.}} However, while Malthus warned that excess human population precariously motivates an excess of food production in order to sustain that population, Quinn considered the priorities of this assessment backwards. He instead warned that excess population is the inevitable  ''result'' of access to excess food for the human organism ''en masse'' just as surely as it is for any other species, a concept which he described as one of the "ABCs" of well-established ecology, professing that no ecologist argues with the law (inevitable growth in the face of food availability) ''except'' in the case of the human, which he stated was universally regarded an [[exceptionalism]] despite "10,000 years of evidence" to the contrary in the form of the history of human population growth coincident with the rise of agriculture and the mass production of foodstuffs in excess to the needs for survival.

According to Quinn, the success of this totalitarian style of agriculture is unsustainable because we "kill all of our competitors for food" and even kill our "competitors once-removed" by attacking all of our ''favorite food species''' competitors or predators, which he described as "practically holy work for our farmers: kill everything that you can't eat. Kill everything that eats what you eat.", and so on, which he claimed is causing the catastrophic [[loss of biodiversity]] planetwide, and, just as directly, an [[Overshoot (population)|overshoot]] towards an eventual population crash, of which the civilized [[dominant culture|mainstream]] shows very little anticipation or interest.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bei Dawei|2014|p=45}}</ref><ref name="Godesky">Godesky, Jason (2005). "[http://rewild.info/anthropik/2005/07/thesis-4-human-population-is-a-function-of-food-supply/index.html Thesis #4: Human population is a function of food supply] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120626093835/http://rewild.info/anthropik/2005/07/thesis-4-human-population-is-a-function-of-food-supply/index.html |date=June 26, 2012}}." ''The Anthropik Network''. Rewild.info.</ref>

Quinn's conclusions on population also imply the controversial notion that sustained food aid to starving nations is merely delaying and dramatically worsening massive starvation crises, rather than resolving such crises, as is commonly assumed. Quinn claimed that reconnecting people to the food made available through their local habitats is a proven way to avoid famines and accompanying starvation. Some have interpreted this to mean that Quinn was resolving to let starving people in impoverished nations continue starving.{{sfn|Ishmael.org|2013a}}{{sfn|Ishmael.org|2013b}}

Quinn described civilization as primarily a single [[globalization|global economy]] and [[mass culture|culture]], whose total dependence on agriculture requires ever-more expansion, in turn generating ever-more population growth<ref name="books.google.com">''[https://books.google.com/books?id=ySKNBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA12&dq=daniel+quinn Experiencing Globalization: Religion in Contemporary Contexts].'' Derrick M. Nault, Bei Dawei, Evangelos Voulgarakis, Rab Paterson, Cesar Andres-Miguel Suva (eds). Anthem Press. 2014. p. 12.</ref> (an escalating [[vicious cycle]] he identifies as the "food race").<ref name="Dawei 2014 44" /> As a result, he viewed modern civilization, by definition, as unsustainable.<ref name="books.google.com" /> He commonly analyzed and defended the effectiveness of traditional [[indigenous people|indigenous]] [[tribal societies]]—regarded by anthropological research as fairly [[egalitarian]], ecologically well-adapted, and socially secure<ref name="Frank">Frank, Adam. "[https://www.npr.org/blogs/13.7/2011/11/15/142339570/is-civilization-a-bad-idea Is Civilization a Bad Idea?]" ''[[NPR]]'', 2011.</ref> —as role models for developing a new diversity of workable human social structures in the future.<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bei Dawei|2014|p=49}}</ref>

Quinn self-admittedly avoided presenting simplistic or universal solutions,<ref name="Dawei 2014 52">{{Harvcoltxt|Bei Dawei|2014|p=52}}</ref> though he strongly encouraged a worldwide paradigm shift away from the self-destructive [[meme]]s of civilization and towards the values and organizational structures of a "new tribalism". He clarified that this did not refer to the old style of ethnic tribalism so much as new groupings of individuals as equals trying to make a living communally, while still subject to [[evolution by natural selection]].<ref>Rehling, Petra (2012) "Enemy metaphors and the countdown for mankind in the American TV series Space: Above and Beyond (1995–1996) and Battlestar Galactica (2003–2009)", in Jordan J. Copeland (ed.), ''The Projected and Prophetic: Humanity in Cyberculture, Cyberspace and Science Fiction.'' Oxford: Inter-Disciplinary Press, 145-152; [https://www.inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/rehlingpaper.pdf PDF version: p. 7] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524174000/https://www.inter-disciplinary.net/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/rehlingpaper.pdf |date=May 24, 2015}}.</ref> He eventually named this hypothetical, gradual shift the "[[New Tribal Revolution]]". Quinn cautioned that his admiration for the sustainable lifestyles of indigenous tribes is not intended to encourage a massive "return" to [[hunting and gathering society|hunting and gathering]]. Rather, he intended merely to acknowledge the enormous history of relative ecological harmony between humans and the rest of the environment (from which humans are never separate) and embrace the basic unit of a tribe as an effective model for human societies (just as the pack works for wolves, the hive for bees, etc.).<ref name="Frank" /><ref name="Dawei 2014 52" />

Quinn was influential in developing a vocabulary for his philosophy; he coined or popularized a variety of terms, including the following:
* '''Takers''' and '''Leavers'''&nbsp;— "Takers" refers to members of the dominant [[globalization|globalized]] [[civilization]] and its culture, while "Leavers" refers to members of the countless other [[Primitive culture|non-civilized cultures]] existing both in the past and currently.<ref name="Gorman">{{Harvcoltxt|Gorman|2012|pp=201–2}}</ref><ref name="Burr 2007 24–5"/><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Foung|2002|p=94}}</ref> Quinn later regretted these terms, supposing that "hierarchical" and "tribal," respectively, may be better alternatives.{{sfn|FFF|2018}}
* '''[[Mother culture#Daniel Quinn|Mother Culture]]'''&nbsp;– a personification of any culture's inherently biased influences that are not perceived as biased by its members<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Burr|2007|pp=33–4}}</ref>
* '''Food Race'''&nbsp;– the phenomenon of ongoing [[human overpopulation]] and its accompanying global catastrophes, in which the giving of more food to starving, growing populations paradoxically yields only still greater population growth and starvation<ref name="Dawei 2014 44" /><ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Burr|2007|p=48}}</ref>
* '''Law of limited competition'''&nbsp;– a [[Physical law|biological law]] that "defines the limits of competition in the community of life," according to which "you may compete to the full extent of your capabilities, but you may not hunt down your competitors or destroy their food or deny them... access to food in general," meaning across-the-board;<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Bei Dawei|2014|p=55}}</ref> species that violate this law end up extinct
* '''[[Law of Life]]'''&nbsp;– the universal collection of all [[evolutionarily stable strategies]]
* '''Totalitarian Agriculture'''&nbsp;– today's dominant form of agriculture that "subordinates all other life-forms to the relentless, single-minded production of human food," unsustainable because it generates enormous food supplies that in turn generate ever-greater human population booms<ref name="Burr 2007 24–5" />
* '''[[The Story of B#The Great Forgetting|The Great Forgetting]]'''&nbsp;– widespread historical ignorance regarding "the fact that we [humans] are a biological species in a community of biological species and are not exempt or exemptible from the forces that shape all life on this planet; this also includes our forgetting of the fact that most of human history has been based on an ecologically sound way of life (largely [[hunter-gatherer|hunting and gathering]])"<ref>{{Harvcoltxt|Burr|2007|pp=30–1}}</ref>
* '''[[Boiling frog]]'''&nbsp;– "a [[metaphor]] for so many circumstances in life when people are unwilling or unable to react effectively to crises that occur very gradually or imperceptibly,"<ref>Day, Lori. "[http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lori-day/republicans-and-the-parab_b_3550551.html Republicans and the Parable of the Boiling Frog]", [[Huffington Post|TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc.]], 2013.</ref> used especially by Quinn to refer to [[creeping normality]] in terms of escalating [[environmental degradation]]
* '''[[New Tribal Revolution]]'''&nbsp;– a hypothetical, sociocultural period of global change that Quinn supports, in which civilization would gradually begin to transform into a collection of more sustainable, tribally-organized societies<ref name="Dawei 2014 53" />

===Food race===
Quinn coined the term '''food race''' (by [[analogy]] to the [[Cold War]]'s "[[nuclear arms race]]") to describe his concept of a perpetually escalating crisis of [[population growth|growing human population]] due to growing food production, of which the former is fueled by the latter. Quinn argues that as the worldwide human population increases, the typical international response is to produce and distribute more food to feed these greater numbers of people. However, assuming that [[Carrying_capacity#Further_reading|population increases according to increased food availability]], Quinn argues that this response only ends up leading to an even larger population and thus greater starvation in the end. Quinn's solution to the food race—to stop producing so much food—is not generally a [[common-sense]] or intuitive response; instead he claims he is [[counter-intuitive]] or [[thinking outside the box|"outside-the-box"]] thinking.<ref>Quinn, Daniel, and Alan D. Thornhill. "Food Production and Population Growth." Video documentary supported by the Foundation for Contemporary Theology. Houston: New Tribal Ventures (1998).</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://dks.library.kent.edu/?a=d&d=dks19980424-01.2.44&|title=Controlled food supply could stop overpopulation|work=Carrie Gazarish|publisher=Daily Kent Stater, Volume 32, Number 52, [[Kent State University]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ecofuture.org/pop/revs/quinn_pop_video.html|title=Food Production and Population Growth|work=Daniel Quinn, Alan D. Thornhill, PhD|publisher=Ecofuture. Population and Sustainability Media, Non-fiction}}</ref>

Russell Hopfenberg has written at least two papers attempting to prove Quinn's ideas, one paper with [[David Pimentel (Scientist)|David Pimentel]] titled ''Human Population Numbers as a Function of Food Supply''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ia801907.us.archive.org/30/items/human-population-numbers-as-a-function-o/Human_population_numbers_as_a_function_o.pdf|title=Human population numbers as a function of food supply|work=Russell Hopfenberg (1 [[Duke University]], Durham, NC, USA;)* and [[David Pimentel (scientist)|David Pimentel]] (2 [[Cornell University]], Ithaca, NY, USA)|publisher=Environment, development and sustainability 3.1: 1-15.}}</ref> and ''Human Carrying Capacity is Determined by Food Availability''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.populationmedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Human-Carrying-Capacity-is-Determined-by-Food-Availability.pdf|title=Human Carrying Capacity is Determined by Food Availability|author=Russel Hopfenberg|access-date=June 11, 2022|archive-date=September 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921005240/http://www.populationmedia.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Human-Carrying-Capacity-is-Determined-by-Food-Availability.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> Hopfenberg has also made a narrated slide show titled ''World Food and Human Population Growth''. 

====Basis====
Quinn bases the food race on the premise that the total human population, like that of other animals, is influenced by food supply. Thus, larger populations are the result of more abundant food supplies, and [[intensive agriculture|intensification]] of food cultivation in response to population growth merely leads to still more population growth. Quinn compared this to the [[arms race]] in the Cold War. Like [[Tragedy of the commons#Garrett Hardin's article|Garrett Hardin]], Quinn believes any development to address [[food security]] will only lead to catastrophe.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

=====Comparison to Malthusian catastrophe=====
The similarities between this concept and a [[Malthusian catastrophe]] are obvious, but Quinn states there are certain key differences. The primary problem in a Malthusian catastrophe is a population growing faster than the growth in food supply. Quinn states that population is a function of food supply, and not merely some independent variable. Quinn considers that problem is not a scarcity of food, but, rather, overpopulation. Quinn characterizes the Malthusian problem as "how are we going to ''FEED'' all these people?", and characterizes the "Quinnian problem" as "how are we going to stop ''PRODUCING'' all these people?"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ishmael.com/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=83|work=Ishmael.org|title=Q and A #83|date=|accessdate=2010-10-06|archive-date=September 1, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901080453/http://ishmael.com/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=83|url-status=dead}}</ref>

=====Criticism=====
The idea that human population is tied to food supply is contentious, however. Many biologists{{who|date=January 2020}} disagree with Quinn's assessment. While food supply certainly imposes an upper limit on population growth, they point out that culture, living standards, human intelligence, and free will can impose lower, secondary limits to population growth. Critics also point out that the most significant population growth is occurring in the [[developing world]], where regional food production is lowest. Meanwhile, the [[First World]], where food is most plentiful, is undergoing a decline in birth rates. Quinn has suggested this results from international food distribution, claiming that the farms of the First World fuel population growth elsewhere. [[United Nations]] projections that the [[world population]] will level off sometime in the near future also contradict Quinn's statements. In 1998 Daniel Quinn and Alan D. Thornhill then of the [[Society for Conservation Biology]] made a video exploring these topics titled ''Food Production And Population Growth''.{{Citation needed|date=May 2021}}

==Influence==
''Ishmael'' directly inspired the 1998 [[Pearl Jam]] album ''[[Yield (album)|Yield]]'' (and particularly the song "[[Do the Evolution]]"),<ref>Anderson, Stacey. "[https://www.rollingstone.com/music/news/do-the-evolution-5-insights-from-ovations-pearl-jam-doc-20140331 Do the Evolution: 5 Insights From Ovation's Pearl Jam Doc]." ''[[Rolling Stone]].'' Rolling Stone, 2014.</ref> and the [[Chicano Batman]] song "The Taker Story" on their 2017 album ''Freedom is Free''.<ref>Brown, August (2017). ''[www.latimes.com/entertainment/music/la-et-ms-chicano-batman-20170223-story.html Chicano Batman takes on the 800-pound gorilla with 'Freedom Is Free']''. ''Los Angeles Times''.</ref> In 2019 [[The Mammals]], a folk band including Mike Merenda & Ruth Ungar, released ''Nonet'' with many of the songs on it inspired by ''Ishmael'' and other Quinn books, most especially ''Beyond Civilization''.<ref>More information and the backstories behind these songs can be found in the Inspired section on the [https://www.ishmael.org/inspired-by/ Ishmael website].</ref> North Carolina's vegan hardcore band Undying has been heavily influenced by the work of Daniel Quinn.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Times |first=Hardcore |date=2001-01-26 |title=Undying |url=https://hardcoretimes.net/undying/ |access-date=2023-03-02 |website=HARDCORE TIMES |language=en-US}}</ref>

Quinn's writings have also influenced the filmmaker [[Tom Shadyac]] (who featured Quinn in the documentary ''[[I Am (2010 American documentary film)|I Am]]''); the entrepreneur [[Ray C. Anderson]], founder of [[Interface, Inc.]] (the world's largest manufacturer of modular carpet), who began transforming Interface with more green initiatives;<ref>Hart, Craig. ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9ZUqAAAAQBAJ&pg Climate Change and the Private Sector]''. Routledge, 2013. p. 174.</ref> as well as some of the ideology behind the 1999 drama film ''[[Instinct (1999 film)|Instinct]]'',<ref name="Wilson" /> and the 2007 documentary film ''[[What A Way To Go: Life at the End of Empire]]''. Playwright [[Derek Ahonen]] has cited Quinn as the foremost influence on his play, ''The Pied Pipers of The Lower East Side'', which attempts to dramatize the philosophies of New Tribalism.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/08/08/theater/reviews/08pied.html | title=Bohemians: Endangered but Not Extinct | newspaper=The New York Times | date=August 7, 2009 | last1=Webster | first1=Andy }}</ref>

Actor [[Morgan Freeman]]'s interest in the ''Ishmael'' trilogy inspired his involvement with [[nature documentary|nature documentaries]], such as ''[[Island of Lemurs: Madagascar]]'' and ''[[Born to Be Wild (2011 film)|Born to Be Wild]]'', both of which he narrated, while adopting from Quinn the phrase "the tyranny of agriculture".<ref>"[http://www.comingsoon.net/movies/features/76131-interview-morgan-freeman-on-narrating-born-to-be-wild Interview: Morgan Freeman on Narrating ''Born to be Wild'']", ''Coming Soon''. CRAVEONLINE MEDIA, LLC, 2011.</ref><ref>Triplett, Gene. "[http://newsok.com/morgan-freeman-narrates-new-documentary-on-dwindling-lemur-population/article/5336649 Morgan Freeman narrates new documentary on dwindling lemur population]", ''News OK''. News OK (The Oklahoman), 2014.</ref> Punk rock band [[Rise Against]] includes ''Ishmael'' on their album ''[[The Sufferer & the Witness]]''' reading list,<ref>Busteed, Sheila (2007). "[http://www.pluginmusic.com/features.php?page=riseagainst The state of the nation: Rise Against frontman talks about war, education and the modern role model] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180901080523/http://www.pluginmusic.com/features.php?page=riseagainst |date=September 1, 2018 }}". ''PlugInMusic''.</ref> and its sequel, ''[[My Ishmael]]'', inspired the name of the band [[Animals as Leaders]].<ref>Chopik, Ivan (2010). "[https://www.guitarmessenger.com/interviews/tosin-abasi-interview-animals-as-leaders/ Tosin Abasi Interview]". ''Guitar Messenger''. Guitar Messenger.</ref>

==Bibliography==
* (1982) ''The Book of the Damned Part One, Part Two and Part Three'' Hard Rain Press, PO Box 5495, Santa Fe, NM 87502 {{ISBN|9781499149999}}
* (1988) ''[[Dreamer (novel)|Dreamer]]'' CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform {{ISBN|9781481850063}}
* (1992) ''[[Ishmael (Quinn novel)|Ishmael]]'', Bantam, {{ISBN|0553375407}}
* (1996) ''[[The Story of B]]'', Bantam, {{ISBN|0553379011}}
* (1996) ''[[Providence: The Story of a 50 Year Vision Quest]]'' (autobiography), Bantam, {{ISBN|0553375490}}
* (1997) ''[[My Ishmael]]'', Bantam, {{ISBN|0553379658}}
* (1997) ''A Newcomer's Guide to the Afterlife'' (with Tom Whalen), Bantam, {{ISBN|0553379798}}
* (1999) ''An Animist Testament'' ([[audio cassette]] of Quinn reading ''The Tales of Adam'' and ''The Book of the Damned'')
* (2000) ''[[Beyond Civilization]]'', Broadway Books, {{ISBN|0609805363}}
* (2001) ''The Man Who Grew Young'' ([[graphic novel]] with Tim Eldred), Context, {{ISBN|1893956172}}
* (2001) ''[[After Dachau]]'', Steerforth, {{ISBN|1581952155}}
* (2002) ''[[The Holy]]'', Steerforth, {{ISBN|1581952147}}
* (2005) ''Tales of Adam'', Steerforth, {{ISBN|1586420747}}
* (2006) ''Work, Work, Work'', Steerforth, ISBN
* (2007) ''If They Give You Lined Paper, Write Sideways'', Steerforth, {{ISBN|1586421263}}
* (2010) ''Moral Ground: Ethical Action for a Planet in Peril''. (chapter) [[Michael P. Nelson|Nelson, Michael P.]] and [[Kathleen Dean Moore]] (eds.). Trinity University Press, {{ISBN|9781595340665}}
* (2012) ''At Woomeroo'', CreateSpace, {{ISBN|1477599975}}
* (2014) ''The Invisibility of Success'', CreateSpace, {{ISBN|1494930935}}
* (2014) ''The Teachings'', CreateSpace, {{ISBN|1502356155}}

==See also==
* [[Malthusianism]]
* [[New tribalists]]
* [[Population growth]]
* [[Ecological overshoot]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Works cited==
{{refbegin|35em}}
*{{citation| chapter = Chapter 3: Daniel Quinn on Religion: Saving the World through Anti-Globalism?
 | last = ((Bei Dawei)) | year = 2014
 | title = Experiencing Globalization: Religion in Contemporary Contexts
 | publisher = Anthem Press
}}
*{{Cite news
 | title = The Blaze
 | website = n+1
 | url = https://nplusonemag.com/online-only/online-only/the-blaze/
 | date = March 9, 2018
 | access-date = March 10, 2018
 | ref = {{harvid|n+1|2018}}
 }}
*{{citation
 | title = Culturequake: The Restoration Revolution
 | last = Burr
 | first = Chuck
 | year = 2007
 | publisher = Trafford Publishing
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=1A6tM4xG6nEC
 | isbn = 978-142511043-7
 }}
*{{Citation
 | title = Daniel Quinn interviewed to What a Way to Go: Life at the End of Empire
 | last = FFF
 | via = [[YouTube]]
 | url = https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCBBVv5Y1-A&t=1934
 | url-status = dead
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190124131136/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zCBBVv5Y1-A&gl=US&hl=en
 | date = March 30, 2018
 | access-date = March 5, 2019
 | archive-date = January 24, 2019
 }}
*{{citation
 | title = Chapter 4: Genetic Trespassing and Environmental Ethics
 | last = Foung
 | first = Mira
 | year = 2002
 | publisher = Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
 | work = Ethical Issues in Biotechnology
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=6cwdAAAAQBAJ
 | isbn = 978-074257875-3
 }}
*{{citation
 | title = Transforming Nature: Ethics, Invention and Discovery
 | last = Gorman
 | first = Michael, E.
 | year = 2012
 | publisher = Springer Science & Business Media
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Q17mBwAAQBAJ
 | pages = 201–2
 | isbn = 978-146155657-2
 }}
*{{cite news
 | title = Judges in Turner Award Dispute Merits of Novel Given a $500,000 Prize
 | last = McDowell
 | first = Edwin
 | newspaper = [[The New York Times]]
 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1991/06/05/books/judges-in-turner-award-dispute-merits-of-novel-given-a-500000-prize.html
 | date = June 5, 1991
 | access-date = January 7, 2020
 }}
*{{cite web
 | title = Q and A #23
 | work = Ishmael.org
 | year = 2013a
 | url = http://www.ishmael.org/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=23
 | url-status = dead
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131016025054/http://www.ishmael.org/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=23
 | archive-date = October 16, 2013
 | ref = {{harvid|Ishmael.org|2013a}}
 }}
*{{cite web
 | title = Q and A #767
 | work = Ishmael.org
 | year = 2013b
 | url = http://www.ishmael.org/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=767
 | url-status = dead
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131016025004/http://www.ishmael.org/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=767
 | archive-date = October 16, 2013
 | ref = {{harvid|Ishmael.org|2013b}}
 }}
*{{cite web
 | title = Q and A #83
 | publisher = Ishmael.org
 | url = http://ishmael.com/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=83
 | access-date = October 6, 2010
 | ref = {{harvid|Ishmael.org|n.d.}}
 | archive-date = September 1, 2018
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180901080453/http://ishmael.com/Interaction/QandA/Detail.CFM?Record=83
 | url-status = dead
 }}
*{{citation| title = [[Ishmael (Quinn novel)|Ishmael]]
 | last = Quinn | first = Daniel | year = 1992
 | publisher = Bantam Books | place = New York
}}
*{{citation| title = [[The Story of B]]
 | last = Quinn | first = Daniel | year = 1997
 | publisher = Bantam Books | place = New York
}}
*{{citation| title = [[Beyond Civilization]]
 | last = Quinn | first = Daniel | year = 1999
 | publisher = Three Rivers Press | place = New York
}}
*{{cite web
 | title = The New Renaissance
 | last = Quinn
 | first = Daniel
 | url = http://www.ishmael.org/Education/Writings/The_New_Renaissance.shtml
 | url-status = dead
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120119192009/http://www.ishmael.org/Education/Writings/The_New_Renaissance.shtml
 | date = March 7, 2002
 | archive-date = January 19, 2012
 }}
*{{cite web
 | title = Schooling: The Hidden Agenda
 | last = Quinn
 | first = Daniel
 | year = 2007
 | url = http://www.ishmael.org/Education/writings/unschooling.shtml
 | quote = Recently I was introduced to an audience as a cultural critic, and I think this probably says it best.
 | access-date = January 16, 2013
 | archive-date = January 20, 2013
 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130120045034/http://ishmael.org/Education/Writings/unschooling.shtml
 | url-status = dead
 }}
*{{citation
 | title = The Ecological Self
 | last = Seed
 | first = John
 | magazine = EarthLight Magazine #53
 | date = Spring 2005
 | volume = 14
 | number = 4
 | url = http://www.earthlight.org/2005/essay53_johnseed.html
 }}
*{{citation
 | title = Dark Green Religion: Nature, Spirituality, and the Planetary Future
 | last = Taylor
 | first = Bron
 | year = 2010
 | author-link = Bron Taylor
 | publisher = University of California Press
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=wAswiTYwU74C
 | pages = 78–9
 | isbn = 978-052023775-9
 }}
*{{cite web
 | title = Daniel Quinn bibliography
 | last = Von Ruff
 | first = Al
 | work = [[Internet Speculative Fiction Database]]
 | url = http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/ea.cgi?687
 | access-date = October 11, 2011
 | ref = {{harvid|Von Ruff|n.d.}}
 }}
*{{citation
 | title = Animal Movies Guide
 | last = Wilson
 | first = Staci Layne
 | year = 2007
 | publisher = Running Free Press
 | place = USA
 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=dGYzZLrBrS4C
 | page = 70
 | isbn = 978-096751853-4
 }}
{{refend}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite web|url=http://www.panearth.org/WVPI/Papers/StebbingBookReview.pdf|title=A Cybernetic View of Biological Growth: The Maia Hypothesis|work=Tony Stebbing|publisher=[[American Journal of Human Biology]] 23:826–830 (2011), [[Cambridge University Press]], 2011}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
* [http://www.ishmael.org Ishmael.org]&nbsp;– The Ishmael community, Daniel Quinn's official website
* [http://www.friendsofishmael.org The Friends of Ishmael Society]
* [http://www.readishmael.com Read ''Ishmael'']&nbsp;– a website devoted to encouraging people to read ''Ishmael''
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070221213036/http://www.ishthink.org/ Ishthink.org]&nbsp;– thinking about ''Ishmael''
* [https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8sJx9ez5kwPWzIypLdlHSA Archived videos] on [[YouTube]]
* {{isfdb name|id=687|name=Daniel Quinn}}

{{Daniel Quinn}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Quinn, Daniel}}
[[Category:Daniel Quinn| ]]
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:2018 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century American novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century American male writers]]
[[Category:21st-century American non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:21st-century American novelists]]
[[Category:American male non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:American male novelists]]
[[Category:American male short story writers]]
[[Category:American memoirists]]
[[Category:American short story writers]]
[[Category:Environmental fiction writers]]
[[Category:Writers from Omaha, Nebraska]]
[[Category:Food and the environment]]
[[Category:Human overpopulation]]
[[Category:Malthusians]]