Editing Cumberland County, Illinois

{{Short description|County in Illinois, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Cumberland County
 | state                = Illinois
 | seal                 = 
 | founded              = 1823
 | seat wl              = Toledo
 | largest city wl      = Neoga
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 347
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 346
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 1.0
 | area percentage      = 0.3
 | population_as_of     = 2020
 | population_total     = 10450
 | pop_est_as_of        = 2023
 | population_est       = 10261 {{loss}}
 | population_density_sq_mi = auto
 | ex image             = Cumberland-courthouse.jpg
 | ex image cap         = [[Cumberland County Courthouse (Illinois)|Cumberland County Courthouse]]
 | ex image size        = 250px
 | web                  = https://cumberlandcoil.gov/
 | district             = 12th
 | named for            = [[National Road|Cumberland Road]]
}}

'''Cumberland County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Illinois]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 10,450.<ref>{{cite web|title=Cumberland County, Illinois|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Cumberland_County,_Illinois?g=050XX00US17035|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=June 8, 2023}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Toledo, Illinois|Toledo]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref>

Cumberland County is part of the [[Charleston, Illinois|Charleston]]–[[Mattoon, Illinois|Mattoon]], IL [[Charleston-Mattoon micropolitan area|Micropolitan Statistical Area]].

==History==
Cumberland County was created on March 2, 1823, from parts of Coles County. It is named for the [[National Road]] (Cumberland Road), which was projected to run through it.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ | title=The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States | publisher=Govt. Print. Off. | author=Gannett, Henry | year=1905 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_9V1IAAAAMAAJ/page/n96 97]}}</ref>
<gallery>
File:Cumberland County Illinois 1843.png|Cumberland County at the time of its creation in 1823
</gallery>

==Geography==
According to the [[U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|347|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|346|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|1.0|sqmi}} (0.3%) is water.<ref name="census-density"/>

===Climate and weather===
{{climate chart
|[[Toledo, Illinois]]
|17|33|2.03
|21|39|2.08
|32|50|3.06
|42|62|3.84
|53|73|3.95
|63|83|4.21
|66|86|4.16
|64|84|3.25
|56|78|3.06
|45|66|3.02
|33|51|3.71
|22|38|2.84
|float=right
|units=imperial
|clear=both
|source=The Weather Channel<ref name="weather">{{cite web
  |url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIL1169
  |title=Monthly Averages for Toledo, Illinois
  |access-date=January 27, 2011
  |publisher=The Weather Channel
}}</ref>}}
In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Toledo have ranged from a low of {{convert|17|°F}} in January to a high of {{convert|86|°F}} in July, although a record low of {{convert|-23|°F}} was recorded in January 1985 (jobs) and a record high of {{convert|111|°F}} was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from {{convert|2.03|in}} in January to {{convert|4.21|in}} in June.<ref name="weather"/>

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Coles County, Illinois|Coles County]] - north
* [[Clark County, Illinois|Clark County]] - east
* [[Jasper County, Illinois|Jasper County]] - south
* [[Effingham County, Illinois|Effingham County]] - southwest
* [[Shelby County, Illinois|Shelby County]] - west

===Transit===
* [[Rides Mass Transit District]]

===Major highways===
* [[Image:I-57.svg|25px]] [[Interstate 57 (Illinois)|Interstate 57]]
* [[Image:I-70.svg|25px]] [[Interstate 70 (Illinois)|Interstate 70]]
* [[Image:US 40.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 40 in Illinois|U.S. Route 40]]
* [[Image:US 45.svg|25px]] [[U.S. Route 45 (Illinois)|U.S. Route 45]]
* [[Image:Illinois 49.svg|25px]] [[Illinois Route 49]]
* [[Image:Illinois 121.svg|25px]] [[Illinois Route 121]]
* [[Image:Illinois 130.svg|25px]] [[Illinois Route 130]]

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1850= 3718
|1860= 8311
|1870= 12223
|1880= 13759
|1890= 15443
|1900= 16124
|1910= 14281
|1920= 12858
|1930= 10419
|1940= 11698
|1950= 10496
|1960= 9936
|1970= 9772
|1980= 11062
|1990= 10670
|2000= 11253
|2010= 11048
|2020= 10450
|estyear=2023
|estimate=10261
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2023">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/data/tables.html|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=April 2, 2024}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 4, 2014}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=July 4, 2014|archive-date=August 11, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120811110448/http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|url-status=dead}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/il190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 4, 2014}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 4, 2014}}</ref> 2010<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/17035.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 4, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606160357/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/17/17035.html|archive-date=June 6, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
{{Stack|[[Image:USA Cumberland County, Illinois age pyramid.svg|thumb|left|2000 census age pyramid for Cumberland County]]}}

As of the [[2010 United States census]], there were 11,048&nbsp;people, 4,377&nbsp;households, and 3,121&nbsp;families living in the county.<ref name="census-dp1">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US17035
  |title=DP-1 Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data
  |access-date=July 11, 2015
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213022528/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_DP/DPDP1/0500000US17035
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref> The population density was {{convert|31.9|PD/sqmi}}. There were 4,874 housing units at an average density of {{convert|14.1|/sqmi}}.<ref name="census-density">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US17035
  |access-date=July 11, 2015
  |title=Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200212204135/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/GCTPH1.CY10/0500000US17035
  |archive-date=February 12, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref> The racial makeup of the county was 98.3% white, 0.3% black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.8% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 0.7% of the population.<ref name="census-dp1"/> In terms of ancestry, 30.6% were [[Germans|German]], 17.4% were [[Americans|American]], 11.7% were [[Irish people|Irish]], and 11.4% were [[English people|English]].<ref name="census-dp2">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US17035
  |title=DP02 SELECTED SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THE UNITED STATES – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
  |access-date=July 11, 2015
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213014442/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP02/0500000US17035
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

Of the 4,377&nbsp;households, 31.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 57.7% were married couples living together, 8.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.7% were non-families, and 24.3% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.50 and the average family size was 2.95. The median age was 40.9 years.<ref name="census-dp1"/>

The median income for a household in the county was $42,101 and the median income for a family was $51,729. Males had a median income of $42,157 versus $29,142 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,262. About 8.1% of families and 12.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 19.4% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.<ref name="census-dp3">{{cite web
  |url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US17035
  |title=DP03 SELECTED ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates
  |access-date=July 11, 2015
  |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213015029/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/ACS/10_5YR/DP03/0500000US17035
  |archive-date=February 13, 2020
|url-status=dead
  }}</ref>

== Communities ==

===Cities===
* [[Neoga, Illinois|Neoga]]
* [[Casey, Illinois|Casey]] (mostly in [[Clark County, Illinois|Clark County]])

===Villages===
* [[Greenup, Illinois|Greenup]]
* [[Jewett, Illinois|Jewett]]
* [[Montrose, Illinois|Montrose]] (mostly in [[Effingham County, Illinois|Effingham County]])
* [[Toledo, Illinois|Toledo]] (seat)

===Townships===
Cumberland County is divided into eight [[Civil township|townships]]:

{{div col}}
* [[Cottonwood Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Cottonwood]]
* [[Crooked Creek Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Crooked Creek]]
* [[Greenup Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Greenup]]
* [[Neoga Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Neoga]]
* [[Spring Point Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Spring Point]]
* [[Sumpter Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Sumpter]]
* [[Union Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Union]]
* [[Woodbury Township, Cumberland County, Illinois|Woodbury]]
{{div col end}}

===Unincorporated Communities===
{{div col}}
* [[Bradbury, Illinois|Bradbury]]
* [[Dees, Illinois|Dees]]
* [[Hazel Dell, Illinois|Hazel Dell]]
* [[Janesville, Illinois|Janesville]]
* [[Johnstown, Illinois|Johnstown]]
* [[Liberty Hill, Illinois|Liberty Hill]]
* [[Lillyville, Illinois|Lillyville]]
* [[Maple Point, Illinois|Maple Point]]
* [[Neal, Illinois|Neal]]
* [[Roslyn, Illinois|Roslyn]]
* [[Timothy, Illinois|Timothy]]
* [[Union Center, Illinois|Union Center]]
* [[Vevay Park, Illinois|Vevay Park]]
* [[Walla Walla, Illinois|Walla Walla]]
* [[Woodbury, Illinois|Woodbury]]
{{div col end}}

==Education==
Cumberland County is served by two school districts.
*[[Neoga Community Unit School District 3]]
*[[Cumberland Community Unit School District 77]]

==Politics==
Although predominantly Democratic in the years before [[World War I]], in the aftermath of which [[Woodrow Wilson]]’s policies towards Germany were locally deplored, Cumberland County has since become powerfully Republican. Even in Franklin D. Roosevelt's 1932 and 1936 landslides, he won only small victories, and since then only three Democrats have carried the county. [[Bill Clinton]], who won a plurality in 1992, is the last Democrat to reach forty percent of the county's vote, and in 2016, the rapid [[Upland South]] trend towards overwhelmingly Republican voting caused [[Hillary Clinton|his wife Hillary]] to win less than twenty percent of the county's ballots.

{{PresHead|place=Cumberland County, Illinois|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=October 31, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|4,627|1,059|106|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|4,601|1,142|106|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|4,206|1,031|334|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|3,509|1,641|145|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|3,156|2,055|128|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|3,497|1,862|57|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|2,964|1,870|141|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|2,002|1,776|691|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1992|Democratic|1,860|2,111|1,231|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|2,667|1,904|29|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|3,002|1,733|27|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|3,159|1,892|238|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|2,518|2,752|74|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|3,257|2,083|18|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|2,671|1,828|529|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|2,251|3,056|0|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|3,020|2,475|5|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|3,235|2,272|5|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|3,302|2,200|12|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1948|Republican|2,451|2,353|28|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1944|Republican|2,700|2,391|15|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1940|Republican|3,330|3,091|30|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|3,016|3,290|50|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|2,166|3,128|30|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|3,242|1,873|28|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|2,698|2,384|199|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|3,095|2,162|63|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|2,879|2,960|134|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1912|Democratic|990|1,673|777|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1908|Democratic|1,739|1,810|100|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1904|Republican|1,857|1,644|184|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1900|Democratic|1,870|1,993|65|Illinois}}
{{PresRow|1896|Democratic|1,856|2,098|36|Illinois}}
{{PresFoot|1892|Democratic|1,470|1,785|315|Illinois}}

==See also==
* [[National Register of Historic Places listings in Illinois#Cumberland County|National Register of Historic Places listings in Cumberland County, Illinois]]

==References==
* History of Southern Illinois, George Washington Smith, 1912.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070310144543/http://www.cyberdriveillinois.com/departments/archives/irad/edgar.html United States Census Bureau 2007 TIGER/Line Shapefiles]
* [http://geonames.usgs.gov/domestic/ United States Board on Geographic Names (GNIS)]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081205020547/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/ United States National Atlas]
{{Reflist}}

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Cumberland County, Illinois
|North     = [[Coles County, Illinois|Coles County]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Clark County, Illinois|Clark County]]
|Southeast =
|South     = [[Jasper County, Illinois|Jasper County]]
|Southwest = [[Effingham County, Illinois|Effingham County]]
|West      = [[Shelby County, Illinois|Shelby County]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Cumberland County, Illinois}}
{{Illinois}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Coord|39.27|-88.24|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-IL_source:UScensus1990}}

[[Category:Cumberland County, Illinois| ]]
[[Category:1843 establishments in Illinois]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1843]]
[[Category:Illinois counties]]
[[Category:Charleston–Mattoon, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area]]