Editing Creek County, Oklahoma

{{short description|County in Oklahoma, United States}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox U.S. county
 | county               = Creek County
 | state                = Oklahoma
 | seal                 = 
 | founded year         = 1907
 | founded date         = 
 | seat wl              = Sapulpa
 | largest city wl      = Sapulpa
 | area_total_sq_mi     = 970
 | area_land_sq_mi      = 950
 | area_water_sq_mi     = 20
 | area percentage      = 2.0%
 | population_as_of     = 2020
 | population_total     = 71754
 | census estimate yr   = 
 | pop                  = 
 | density_sq_mi        = auto
 | time zone            = Central
 | district             = 1st
 | district2            = 3rd
 | footnotes            = 
 | web                  = www.creekcountyonline.com
 | named for            = [[Creek Nation]]
 | ex image             = CreekCountyCourthouseOK.JPG
 | ex image cap         = Creek County Courthouse, Sapulpa in 2014
}}

'''Creek County''' is a [[County (United States)|county]] located in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Oklahoma]]. As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population was 71,754.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=Creek County, Oklahoma|url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Creek_County,_Oklahoma?g=050XX00US40037|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=May 11, 2023}}</ref> Its [[county seat]] is [[Sapulpa, Oklahoma|Sapulpa]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=June 7, 2011 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref>

Creek County is part of the [[Tulsa, Oklahoma|Tulsa]], OK [[Tulsa Metropolitan Area|metropolitan statistical area]].

==History==
European explorers traveled through this area early in the 19th century, after the [[Louisiana Purchase]]. In 1825, the [[Osage Nation]] ceded the territory where the Federal Government planned to resettle the [[Creek Nation]] and other tribes after their expulsion from the Southeastern part of the United States. The Creeks began migrating into this area, where they and many black families settled to begin farming and raising cattle. In 1835, Federal soldiers under Captain J. L. Dawson built the Dawson Road, following an old Osage hunting trail.<ref name = "EOHC-Creek">[http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=CR008 Linda D. Wilson, "Creek County." ''Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture''. ]</ref>

Railroads gave an important boost to the local economy. In 1886, the [[Atlantic and Pacific Railroad]] built a line from [[Red Fork, Oklahoma|Red Fork]] to Sapulpa. In 1898, the St. Louis and Oklahoma City Railway Company (later the [[St. Louis–San Francisco Railway]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nara.getarchive.net/media/st-louis-and-san-francisco-railroad-company-originally-st-louis-and-oklahoma-ed6955  |title=St. Louis and San Francisco Railroad Company, Originally St. Louis and Oklahoma City Railway Company, Kellyville, Creek Nation, I.T.|publisher=U.S. National Archives|access-date=January 9, 2021}}</ref> connected Sapulpa and Oklahoma City.<ref name = "EOHC-Creek"/>

The present Creek County was established at the time of statehood, with a population of 18,365. The town of Sapulpa was initially designated as the county seat. This decision was challenged by supporters of the town of [[Bristow, Oklahoma|Bristow]]. An election held August 12, 1908, to choose a permanent seat was won by Sapulpa, but the dispute did not end there. After a series of court cases, the Oklahoma Supreme Court ruled in favor of Sapulpa on August 1, 1913.<ref name = "EOHC-Creek"/>

After oil was discovered at [[Glenn Pool Oil Reserve|Glenn Pool]] in adjacent Tulsa County in 1905, other strikes occurred in Creek County. The [[Cushing-Drumright Oil Field]] opened in 1912, creating boom towns [[Drumright, Oklahoma|Drumright]], [[Kiefer, Oklahoma|Kiefer]] and [[Oilton, Oklahoma|Oilton]]. By 1920, the county population had increased to 62,480.<ref name = "EOHC-Creek"/>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau|U.S. Census Bureau]], the county has a total area of {{convert|970|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|950|sqmi}} is land and {{convert|20|sqmi}} (2.0%) is water.<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=http://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/counties_list_40.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=February 19, 2015|date=August 22, 2012|title=2010 Census Gazetteer Files}}</ref> It is drained by the [[Cimarron River (Arkansas River)|Cimarron River]], and the Deep Fork and Little Deep Fork of the [[North Canadian River]]. [[Heyburn Lake]] is contained within the county. [[Keystone Lake]] is partially within Creek County.<ref name = "EOHC-Creek"/>

===Major highways===
{{div col}}
* [[File:I-44 (OK).svg|20px]] [[Interstate 44 in Oklahoma|Interstate 44]]
* [[File:US 75.svg|20px]] [[U.S. Route 75 Alternate (Beggs–Sapulpa, Oklahoma)|US Highway 75 ALT]]
* [[File:Oklahoma State Highway 16.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 16 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 16]]
* [[File:Oklahoma State Highway 33.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 33 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 33]]
* [[File:Oklahoma State Highway 48.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 48 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 48]]
* [[File:Oklahoma State Highway 51.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 51 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 51]]
* [[File:Oklahoma State Highway 66.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 66 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 66]] [[File:US 66 (historic).svg|20px]]
* [[File:Oklahoma State Highway 99.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 99 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 99]]
* [[File:Oklahoma State Highway 117.svg|20px]] [[State Highway 117 (Oklahoma)|State Highway 117]]
{{div col end}}

===Adjacent counties===
* [[Pawnee County, Oklahoma|Pawnee County]] (north)
* [[Tulsa County, Oklahoma|Tulsa County]] (east)
* [[Okmulgee County, Oklahoma|Okmulgee County]] (southeast)
* [[Okfuskee County, Oklahoma|Okfuskee County]] (south)
* [[Lincoln County, Oklahoma|Lincoln County]] (west)
* [[Payne County, Oklahoma|Payne County]] (northwest)

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1910= 26223
|1920= 62480
|1930= 64115
|1940= 55503
|1950= 43143
|1960= 40495
|1970= 45532
|1980= 59016
|1990= 60915
|2000= 67317
|2010= 69967
|2020= 71754
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=U.S. Decennial Census|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=February 19, 2015}}</ref><br />1790-1960<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|title=Historical Census Browser|publisher=University of Virginia Library|access-date=February 19, 2015|archive-date=August 11, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120811110448/http://mapserver.lib.virginia.edu/|url-status=dead}}</ref> 1900-1990<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/cencounts/ok190090.txt|title=Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990|publisher=United States Census Bureau|editor-last=Forstall|editor-first=Richard L.|date=March 27, 1995|access-date=February 19, 2015}}</ref><br />1990-2000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327165705/http://www.census.gov/population/www/cen2000/briefs/phc-t4/tables/tab02.pdf |archive-date=March 27, 2010 |url-status=live|title=Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000|publisher=United States Census Bureau|date=April 2, 2001|access-date=February 19, 2015}}</ref> 2010<ref name="QF">{{cite web|title=State & County QuickFacts|url=http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40/40037.html|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 8, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606154522/http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/40/40037.html|archive-date=June 6, 2011|url-status=dead}}</ref>
}}
{{Stack|[[File:USA Creek County, Oklahoma age pyramid.svg|thumb|Age pyramid for Creek County, Oklahoma, based on census 2000 data.]]}}

As of the [[census]] of 2000,<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> there were 67,367 people, 25,289 households, and 19,017 families residing in the county. The population density was {{convert|70|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 27,986 housing units at an average density of {{convert|29|/mi2|/km2|disp=preunit|units&nbsp;|units|}}. The racial makeup of the county was 82.27% [[Race (United States Census)|White]], 2.56% [[Race (United States Census)|Black]] or [[Race (United States Census)|African American]], 9.08% [[Race (United States Census)|Native American]], 0.27% [[Race (United States Census)|Asian]], 0.03% [[Race (United States Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.63% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 5.16% from two or more races; 1.90% of the population were [[Race (United States Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Race (United States Census)|Latino]] of any race. As of the 2020 census, its population increased to 71,754.<ref name=":0" />

As of 2000, there were 25,289 households, out of which 34.80% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 60.10% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 10.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 24.80% were non-families. 21.60% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.64 and the average family size was 3.06. In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.40% under the age of 18, 8.00% from 18 to 24, 27.30% from 25 to 44, 24.50% from 45 to 64, and 12.80% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.90 males.

As of 2000, the median income for a household in the county was $33,168, and the median income for a family was $38,470. Males had a median income of $31,190 versus $21,690 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the county was $16,191. About 8% of families and 13.50% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 17.20% of those under age 18 and 14.10% of those age 65 or over. By 2021 census estimates, its median household income was $56,384.<ref name=":0" />

==Politics==
{| class=wikitable
! colspan = 6 | Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of June 30, 2023<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ok.gov/elections/documents/20190115%20-%20Registration%20By%20County%20(vr2420).pdf|title=Oklahoma Registration Statistics by County|date=January 15, 2019|website=OK.gov|access-date=February 27, 2019|archive-date=July 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717212721/https://www.ok.gov/elections/documents/20190115%20-%20Registration%20By%20County%20(vr2420).pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
! colspan = 2 | Party
! Number of Voters
! Percentage
|-
| {{party color cell|Democratic Party (United States)}}
| [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| align = center | 9,080
| align = center | 21.43%
|-
| {{party color cell|Republican Party (United States)}}
| [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
| align = center | 28,106
| align = center | 66.35%
|-
| {{party color cell|Independent Party (United States)}}
| Others
| align = center | 7,176
| align = center | 16.94%
|-
! colspan = 2 | Total
! align = center | 42,362
! align = center | 100%
|}

===Political culture===
{{PresHead|place=Creek County, Oklahoma|source=<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS|title=Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections|last=Leip|first=David|website=uselectionatlas.org|access-date=March 28, 2018}}</ref>}}
<!-- PresRow should be {{PresRow|Year|Winning party|GOP vote #|Dem vote #|3rd party vote #|State}} -->
{{PresRow|2024|Republican|24,098|6,643|571|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2020|Republican|23,294|6,577|634|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2016|Republican|21,575|5,841|1,414|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2012|Republican|18,986|7,128|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2008|Republican|20,187|8,318|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2004|Republican|18,848|9,929|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|2000|Republican|13,580|9,753|408|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1996|Republican|9,861|9,674|2,922|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1992|Republican|10,055|9,118|6,065|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1988|Republican|11,308|9,512|162|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1984|Republican|15,011|7,465|152|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1980|Republican|11,749|7,339|641|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1976|Democratic|8,458|8,964|169|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1972|Republican|12,396|3,705|402|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1968|Republican|6,934|5,151|3,913|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1964|Democratic|6,355|9,836|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1960|Republican|8,785|6,205|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1956|Republican|8,295|7,102|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1952|Republican|9,257|8,818|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1948|Democratic|6,532|9,198|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1944|Democratic|7,549|8,342|41|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1940|Democratic|9,468|10,976|51|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1936|Democratic|7,257|12,540|106|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1932|Democratic|6,786|12,963|0|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1928|Republican|12,254|5,693|95|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1924|Republican|8,894|7,969|851|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1920|Republican|7,948|5,408|618|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1916|Democratic|2,820|3,496|1,323|Oklahoma}}
{{PresRow|1912|Republican|1,902|1,681|996|Oklahoma}}
{{PresFoot|1908|Republican|1,761|1,413|342|Oklahoma}}

==Communities==
===Cities===
* [[Bristow, Oklahoma|Bristow]]
* [[Drumright, Oklahoma|Drumright]] (partly in [[Payne County, Oklahoma|Payne County]])
* [[Mannford, Oklahoma|Mannford]]
* [[Oilton, Oklahoma|Oilton]]
* [[Sapulpa, Oklahoma|Sapulpa]] (county seat) (partly in [[Tulsa County, Oklahoma|Tulsa County]])

===Towns===
* [[Depew, Oklahoma|Depew]]
* [[Kellyville, Oklahoma|Kellyville]]
* [[Kiefer, Oklahoma|Kiefer]]
* [[Lawrence Creek, Oklahoma|Lawrence Creek]]
* [[Mounds, Oklahoma|Mounds]]
* [[Shamrock, Oklahoma|Shamrock]]
* [[Slick, Oklahoma|Slick]]

===Census-designated place===
* [[Oakhurst, Oklahoma|Oakhurst]] (partly in Tulsa County)

===Other unincorporated communities===
* [[Bowden, Oklahoma|Bowden]]
* [[Gypsy, Oklahoma|Gypsy]]
* [[Hilton, Oklahoma|Hilton]]
* [[Milfay, Oklahoma|Milfay]]
* [[Olive, Oklahoma|Olive]]
* [[Silver City, Oklahoma|Silver City]]

===Townships===
Creek County historically had [[List of Oklahoma townships|civil townships]]. These civil township boundaries (and their names) were still used by the United States Census for counting purposes up to and including the 1960 census.

==NRHP sites==
{{Main|National Register of Historic Places listings in Creek County, Oklahoma}}

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==External links==
* [http://www.creekcountyonline.com www.creekcountyonline.com] The official county government website
* [https://www.creekcountysheriff.com www.creekcountysheriff.com] The official website for the Creek County Sheriff's Office
* [http://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=CR008 Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture - Creek County]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20121024013411/http://www.library.okstate.edu/okmaps/ Oklahoma Digital Maps: Digital Collections of Oklahoma and Indian Territory]

{{Geographic location
|Centre    = Creek County
|North     = [[Pawnee County, Oklahoma|Pawnee County]]
|Northeast =
|East      = [[Tulsa County, Oklahoma|Tulsa County]]
|Southeast = [[Okmulgee County, Oklahoma|Okmulgee County]]
|South     = [[Okfuskee County, Oklahoma|Okfuskee County]]
|Southwest =
|West      = [[Lincoln County, Oklahoma|Lincoln County]]
|Northwest = [[Payne County, Oklahoma|Payne County]]
}}

{{Creek County, Oklahoma}}
{{Tulsa metro}}
{{Oklahoma}}

{{coord|35.90|-96.37|display=title|type:adm2nd_region:US-OK_source:UScensus1990}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Creek County, Oklahoma| ]]
[[Category:Tulsa metropolitan area]]
[[Category:1907 establishments in Oklahoma]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1907]]