Editing Crane, Texas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Crane, Texas
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| nickname           = 
| motto              = <!-- Images -->
| image_skyline      = Museum of the Desert Southwest, Crane, TX DSCN1136.JPG
| image_caption      = Museum of the Desert Southwest
| image_flag         = 
| image_seal         = <!-- Maps -->
| image_map          = Crane County Crane.svg
| mapsize            = 250px
| map_caption        = Location of Crane, Texas

<!-- Location -->| subdivision_type   = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1  = [[Texas]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Texas|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Crane County, Texas|Crane]]

<!-- Government -->| government_footnotes = 
| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = 
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = <!-- Area -->
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_48.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=August 7, 2020}}</ref>
| area_magnitude     = 
| area_total_km2     = 2.68
| area_land_km2      = 2.68
| area_water_km2     = 0.00
| area_total_sq_mi   = 1.03
| area_land_sq_mi    = 1.03
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.00

<!-- Population -->| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States Census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = 
| population_total   = 3478
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_sq_mi = auto

<!-- General information -->| timezone           = [[North American Central Time Zone|Central (CST)]]
| utc_offset         = -6
| timezone_DST       = CDT
| utc_offset_DST     = -5
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 785
| elevation_ft       = 2575
| coordinates        = {{coord|31|23|35|N|102|21|3|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code        = 79731
| area_code          = [[Area code 432|432]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 48-17516<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 1355307<ref name="GR3">{{cite web|url=http://geonames.usgs.gov|access-date=2008-01-31|title=US Board on Geographic Names|publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]]|date=2007-10-25}}</ref>
| website            = {{URL|cityofcranetexas.com}}
| footnotes          = 
}}

'''Crane''' is a city in and the [[county seat]] of [[Crane County, Texas]], United States.<ref name="GR6">{{cite web|url=http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |access-date=2011-06-07 |title=Find a County |publisher=National Association of Counties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110531210815/http://www.naco.org/Counties/Pages/FindACounty.aspx |archive-date=May 31, 2011 }}</ref> Its population was 3,478 as of [[2020 United States census|2020]].<ref name=":0" /> An [[oil]] [[boomtown]] since the 1920s, Crane is still in the center of a prominent oil-producing region. It is the only significant town in sparsely populated Crane County, and contains the only post office in the county.

==History==
While the post office dates from 1908, the discovery of oil in 1926 in the [[Permian Basin (North America)|Permian Basin]] brought in enough fortune-seekers to populate a town. Streets are named for the children of O.C. Kinnison, the realtor who drew up the town map. By 1930, Crane was a full-fledged boomtown, with churches and private businesses operating next to the more nefarious elements of frontier life.  As in other oil boomtowns, development of services lagged behind temporary dwellings for the workers, although paved roads and other basic infrastructure were added following incorporation in the early 1930s.

Peak population as reported by the U.S. Census was in 1960 at 3,796, and it has declined slightly since, although the town remains the center for serving the oil fields in Crane County.<ref>{{cite web
  | title = Crane, Texas
  | work = Handbook of Texas Online
  | url = https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/hgc17
  | access-date = 2009-12-23 }}</ref>

The Museum of the Desert Southwest, the area's museum of local history, is operated by the Crane County Historical Commission.<ref>{{cite web|title=Official site|url=http://www.cranehistory.org|publisher=Crane County Historical Commission|access-date=14 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141216222343/http://cranehistory.org/|archive-date=16 December 2014|url-status=dead}}</ref>

==Geography==
[[File:Crane tx.jpg|thumb|Aerial photo of Crane, Texas]]
Crane is located in eastern Crane County at {{Coord|31|23|35|N|102|21|3|W|type:city}} (31.392949, –102.350751).<ref name="GR1">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/time-series/geo/gazetteer-files.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2011-04-23|date=2011-02-12|title=US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990}}</ref>  According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|2.7|km2|order=flip}}, all  land.<ref name="Census 2010">{{cite web|title=Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Census Summary File 1 (G001): Crane city, Texas|url=http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4817516|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20200213064308/http://factfinder.census.gov/bkmk/table/1.0/en/DEC/10_SF1/G001/1600000US4817516|archive-date=February 13, 2020|access-date=August 6, 2015|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder}}</ref>

The main highway through Crane is [[U.S. Route 385 in Texas|U.S. Route 385]], which leads north {{convert|32|mi}} to [[Odessa, Texas|Odessa]] and south {{convert|21|mi}} to [[McCamey, Texas|McCamey]].

===Climate===

As is typical for the region, Crane has a [[semi-arid climate#Hot semi-arid climates|hot semiarid climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BSh'') with hot to sweltering summers with occasional thunderstorms and pleasant, dry winters with cold to freezing mornings.

{{Weather box
|location = Crane, Texas, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1929–present
|single line = Yes

|Jan record high F = 88
|Feb record high F = 93
|Mar record high F = 96
|Apr record high F = 104
|May record high F = 110
|Jun record high F = 115
|Jul record high F = 111
|Aug record high F = 111
|Sep record high F = 109
|Oct record high F = 103
|Nov record high F = 91
|Dec record high F = 87

|Jan avg record high F = 78.8
|Feb avg record high F = 83.7
|Mar avg record high F = 89.7
|Apr avg record high F = 96.2
|May avg record high F = 101.6
|Jun avg record high F = 104.4
|Jul avg record high F = 103.2
|Aug avg record high F = 102.8
|Sep avg record high F = 98.8
|Oct avg record high F = 93.8
|Nov avg record high F = 84.4
|Dec avg record high F = 76.8
|year avg record high F = 106.5

|Jan high F = 60.0
|Feb high F = 64.8
|Mar high F = 72.7
|Apr high F = 82.0
|May high F = 88.8
|Jun high F = 94.8
|Jul high F = 95.4
|Aug high F = 95.2
|Sep high F = 88.2
|Oct high F = 80.2
|Nov high F = 68.6
|Dec high F = 60.2
|year high F =

|Jan mean F = 46.1
|Feb mean F = 50.1
|Mar mean F = 59.0
|Apr mean F = 67.3
|May mean F = 75.8
|Jun mean F = 82.8
|Jul mean F = 84.2
|Aug mean F = 83.9
|Sep mean F = 76.2
|Oct mean F = 67.5
|Nov mean F = 55.7
|Dec mean F = 46.6
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 32.2
|Feb low F = 35.4
|Mar low F = 45.2
|Apr low F = 52.5
|May low F = 62.8
|Jun low F = 70.7
|Jul low F = 73.0
|Aug low F = 72.6
|Sep low F = 64.2
|Oct low F = 54.7
|Nov low F = 42.8
|Dec low F = 33.1
|year low F =

|Jan avg record low F = 18.8
|Feb avg record low F = 21.7
|Mar avg record low F = 27.8
|Apr avg record low F = 35.2
|May avg record low F = 45.9
|Jun avg record low F = 59.7
|Jul avg record low F = 64.6
|Aug avg record low F = 63.5
|Sep avg record low F = 51.0
|Oct avg record low F = 36.1
|Nov avg record low F = 23.6
|Dec avg record low F = 20.7
|year avg record low F = 14.9

|Jan record low F = -1
|Feb record low F = -6
|Mar record low F = 12
|Apr record low F = 25
|May record low F = 26
|Jun record low F = 46
|Jul record low F = 46
|Aug record low F = 53
|Sep record low F = 37
|Oct record low F = 24
|Nov record low F = 8
|Dec record low F = 3

|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.74
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.53
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.54
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.69
|May precipitation inch = 1.32
|Jun precipitation inch = 1.20
|Jul precipitation inch = 0.96
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.39
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.74
|Oct precipitation inch = 1.55
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.84
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.63
|year precipitation inch =

|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 2.6
|Feb precipitation days = 2.2
|Mar precipitation days = 2.5
|Apr precipitation days = 2.2
|May precipitation days = 3.1
|Jun precipitation days = 2.9
|Jul precipitation days = 2.9
|Aug precipitation days = 3.5
|Sep precipitation days = 3.9
|Oct precipitation days = 3.1
|Nov precipitation days = 2.1
|Dec precipitation days = 2.5

|Jan snow inch = 0.6
|Feb snow inch = 0.1
|Mar snow inch = 0.0
|Apr snow inch = 0.0
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.0
|Nov snow inch = 0.1
|Dec snow inch = 1.2
|year snow inch = 2.0

|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jan snow days = 0.3
|Feb snow days = 0.1
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.0
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.0
|Nov snow days = 0.0
|Dec snow days = 0.2

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00412082&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Crane, TX
|access-date = May 3, 2023
}}
</ref>
|source 2 = National Weather Service<ref name = NOWData>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.weather.gov/wrh/climate?wfo=maf
|publisher = National Weather Service
|title = NOAA Online Weather Data – NWS Midland
|access-date = May 3, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
| 1940 = 1420
| 1950 = 2154
| 1960 = 3796
| 1970 = 3427
| 1980 = 3622
| 1990 = 3533
| 2000 = 3191
| 2010 = 3353
| 2020 = 3478
| footnote = U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
[[Image:Downtown Crane, TX SCN1370.JPG|right|thumb|Downtown Crane]]
[[Image:First Baptist Church, Crane, TX DSCN0969.JPG|right|thumb|First [[Baptist Church]] at 101 E. 20th St. in Crane]]

===2020 census===

{| class="wikitable"
|+'''Crane racial composition'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?g=1600000US4817516&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2 |access-date=2022-05-19 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><br> (''NH = Non-Hispanic''){{efn|Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<ref>{{cite web |title=About the Hispanic Population and its Origin |url=https://www.census.gov/topics/population/hispanic-origin/about.html |website=www.census.gov |access-date=18 May 2022}}</ref>}}
!Race
!Number
!Percentage
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino whites|White]] (NH)
|960
|27.6%
|-
|[[Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans|Black or African American]] (NH)
|68
|1.96%
|-
|[[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]] (NH)
|12
|0.35%
|-
|[[Asian Americans|Asian]] (NH)
|14
|0.4%
|-
|Some other race (NH)
|1
|0.03%
|-
|[[Multiracial Americans|Mixed/multi-racial]] (NH)
|56
|1.61%
|-
|[[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino]]
|2,367
|68.06%
|-
|'''Total'''
|'''3,478'''
|
|}
As of the [[2020 United States census]], there were 3,478 people, 1,042 households, and 826 families residing in the city.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000,  3,191 people, 1,096 households, and 865 families resided in the city. The population density was {{convert|3,129.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The 1,278 housing units averaged 1,253.5 per square mile (483.8/km{{sup|2}}). The [[Race (United States Census)|racial makeup]] of the city was 28.11% White, 3.01% African American, 0.97% Native American, 0.38% Asian, 19.43% from other races, and 2.70% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos were 45.41% of the population.

Of the 1,096 households, 43.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.0% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 21.0% were not families. About 19.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.90 and the average family size was 3.35.

In the city, the population was distributed as 32.6% under the age of 18, 7.8% from 18 to 24, 27.4% from 25 to 44, 21.5% from 45 to 64, and 10.7% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 33 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,774, and for a family was $36,386. Males had a median income of $32,250 versus $18,086 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $12,776. About 13.0% of families and 13.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 15.1% of those under age 18 and 8.0% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The city is served by the [[Crane Independent School District]] and is home to the [[Crane High School (Texas)|Crane High School]] Golden Cranes.

==Notable people==

* [[Kip Averitt]], Republican former state senator
* [[Elmer Kelton]], [[Western (genre)|Western]] [[novelist]]
* [[Kenny Wayne Walker]] (born 1967), former defensive lineman for the Denver Broncos; first deaf player to have played in the Canadian Football League, and one of only five to have played in the National Football League

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{notelist}}

==External links==
*[http://cityofcranetexas.com City of Crane official website]

{{Crane County, Texas}}
{{Texas}}
{{Texas county seats}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Texas]]
[[Category:Cities in Crane County, Texas]]
[[Category:County seats in Texas]]