Editing Covelo, California

{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2021}}

{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Covelo
| settlement_type = [[Census-designated place]]
| image_skyline = Covelo Street Scene.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Downtown Covelo c. 1920
| image_seal =
| image_map = Mendocino_County_California_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Covelo_Highlighted.svg
| mapsize = 250x200px
| map_caption = Location in [[Mendocino County, California|Mendocino County]] and the state of [[California]]
| image_map1 =
| mapsize1 =
| map_caption1 =
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{USA}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flag|California}}
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of counties in California|County]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Mendocino County, California|Mendocino]]
| government_type =
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| established_date =
<!-- Area---------------- -->
| unit_pref = Imperial
| area_footnotes = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2021">{{cite web |title=2021 U.S. Gazetteer Files: California |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2021_Gazetteer/2021_gaz_place_06.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |accessdate=August 2, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_sq_mi = 7.14
| area_land_sq_mi = 7.09
| area_water_sq_mi = 0.04
| area_total_km2 = 18.49
| area_land_km2 = 18.38
| area_water_km2 = 0.11
| area_water_percent = 0.60
| area_note =
| elevation_ft = 1398
| elevation_m = 426
| population_as_of = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_footnotes = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=&g=1600000US0616728&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1| title=P1. Race – Covelo CDP, California: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| access-date=August 2, 2022}}</ref>
| population_total = 1394
| population_metro =
| population_density_km2 = 75.86
| population_density_sq_mi = 196.48
| pop_est_as_of =
| pop_est_footnotes =
| population_est =
| timezone = [[Pacific Time Zone|Pacific (PST)]]
| utc_offset = -8
| coordinates = {{coord|39|47|35|N|123|14|53|W|region:US-CA|display=inline,title}}
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="gnis">{{gnis|277603}}</ref>
| timezone_DST = PDT
| utc_offset_DST = -7
| postal_code_type = [[ZIP code]]
| postal_code = 95428
| area_code = [[Area code 707|707]]
| blank_name = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info = 06-16728
| blank1_name = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info = 0277603
| footnotes =
| website =
}}
'''Covelo''' ({{IPAc-en|'|k|ou|v|ə|l|ou}} {{respell|KOH|və|loh}}) is a [[census-designated place]] (CDP) in [[Mendocino County, California|Mendocino County]], [[California]], United States. Covelo is located {{convert|14|mi|km|0}} east-northeast of [[Laytonville, California|Laytonville]],<ref name="CGN">{{California's Geographic Names|43}}</ref> at an elevation of {{convert|1398|ft}}.<ref name="gnis" /> The population was 1,394 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], up from 1,255 at the [[2010 United States census|2010 census]].<ref name="datacensus2020p2">{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US0616728&y=2020&d=DEC+Redistricting+Data+(PL+94-171)&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=US Census Bureau|title=2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)}}</ref> {{convert|405|acre|km2}} of Covelo is part of the [[Round Valley Indian Reservation]].

== Geography ==

Covelo is located in northeastern Mendocino County at {{coord|39|47|35|N|123|14|53|W|type:city}}.<ref name="gnis" /> It is accessible via [[California State Route 162]], which leads southwest {{convert|29|mi}} to [[U.S. Route 101]] at [[Longvale, California|Longvale]]. To the east, Mendocino Pass Road (becoming Alder Springs Road) leads {{convert|66|mi}} over the mountains of [[Mendocino National Forest]] to [[Elk Creek, California|Elk Creek]], for much of its length a gravel road.

Covelo covers {{convert|7.1|sqmi|km2}} of land, {{convert|405|acre|km2}} of which is part of the Round Valley Indian Reservation. Of the total area, 99.40% of it is land and 0.60% of it water.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2021" /> Covelo and Round Valley are drained by Mill Creek, which flows east to the [[Middle Fork Eel River|Middle Fork]] of the [[Eel River (California)|Eel River]].

=== Vineyards and agriculture ===

Covelo is an [[American Viticultural Area]] as of February 15, 2006, by the [[Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau]]. The AVA includes [[Round Valley, California|Round]] and Williams Valleys, situated approximately {{Convert|45|mi|km}} north of Ukiah, and spans {{Convert|59|sqmi|km2}}.<ref>27 [[Code of Federal Regulations|C.F.R.]] Part 9. ''[https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2006-02-16/pdf/06-1457.pdf Establishment of the Covelo Viticultural Area]'' (2003R–412P)''.'' Washington, DC: [[Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau]], [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Department of the Treasury]]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20201023214718/https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-2006-02-16/pdf/06-1457.pdf Archived] from the original on October 23, 2020.</ref>

Like the rest of Mendocino County, a large part of Covelo's economy comes from growing grapes for wine but also cattle [[Ranch|ranching]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Randall |first=Adam |last2=Kwear |first2=Adam Randall |last3=Udjar |first3=Adam Randall |date=2016-02-22 |title=Tule Elk in Mendocino County causing problems for ranchers |url=https://www.ukiahdailyjournal.com/2016/02/22/tule-elk-in-mendocino-county-causing-problems-for-ranchers/ |access-date=2025-04-23 |work=The Ukiah Daily Journal |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Climate ===

According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Covelo has a [[Mediterranean climate#Hot-summer Mediterranean climate|hot-summer Mediterranean climate]], abbreviated ''Csa'' on climate maps. Covelo has a four-season climate, with the dry part of the year during summer and the rainy part in the winter. Winters are mild in Covelo. Although snowfall is heavy on the nearby mountains such as Anthony Peak in the winter, it is usually light in the valley. [[Diurnal temperature variation]] is large year round, albeit widest in summer. During winter, the variation results in frequent [[frost]]s.

{{Weather box
| location = Covelo (1894–2012)
| single line = Y
| width = auto
| Jan record high F = 78
| Feb record high F = 82
| Mar record high F = 88
| Apr record high F = 94
| May record high F = 104
| Jun record high F = 108
| Jul record high F = 114
| Aug record high F = 115
| Sep record high F = 114
| Oct record high F = 104
| Nov record high F = 88
| Dec record high F = 75
| year record high F = 115
| Jan high F = 52.3
| Feb high F = 57.4
| Mar high F = 62.1
| Apr high F = 68.2
| May high F = 76.2
| Jun high F = 84.6
| Jul high F = 93.5
| Aug high F = 92.7
| Sep high F = 88.2
| Oct high F = 75.5
| Nov high F = 59.9
| Dec high F = 51.7
| year high F = 71.9
| Jan low F = 30.4
| Feb low F = 32.7
| Mar low F = 35.1
| Apr low F = 37.4
| May low F = 42
| Jun low F = 47.2
| Jul low F = 51.6
| Aug low F = 49.6
| Sep low F = 45
| Oct low F = 39.1
| Nov low F = 34.3
| Dec low F = 31.8
| year low F = 39.7
| Jan record low F = 7
| Feb record low F = 10
| Mar record low F = 18
| Apr record low F = 22
| May record low F = 27
| Jun record low F = 31
| Jul record low F = 37
| Aug record low F = 37
| Sep record low F = 28
| Oct record low F = 17
| Nov record low F = 14
| Dec record low F = -9
| year record low F = -9
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 8.18
| Feb precipitation inch = 6.61
| Mar precipitation inch = 5.56
| Apr precipitation inch = 2.61
| May precipitation inch = 1.36
| Jun precipitation inch = 0.43
| Jul precipitation inch = 0.05
| Aug precipitation inch = 0.26
| Sep precipitation inch = 0.55
| Oct precipitation inch = 2.52
| Nov precipitation inch = 5.6
| Dec precipitation inch = 7.92
| year precipitation inch = 41.66
| Jan precipitation days = 13
| Feb precipitation days = 12
| Mar precipitation days = 12
| Apr precipitation days = 8
| May precipitation days = 5
| Jun precipitation days = 2
| Jul precipitation days = 0
| Aug precipitation days = 1
| Sep precipitation days = 2
| Oct precipitation days = 6
| Nov precipitation days = 11
| Dec precipitation days = 13
| Jan snow inch = 2.1
| Feb snow inch = 1
| Mar snow inch = 0.8
| Apr snow inch = 0.1
| May snow inch = 0
| Jun snow inch = 0
| Jul snow inch = 0
| Aug snow inch = 0
| Sep snow inch = 0
| Oct snow inch = 0
| Nov snow inch = 0.2
| Dec snow inch = 0.6
| year snow inch = 4.8
| source 1 = WRCC<ref>{{cite web
| url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca2081 |title=Covelo, CA (042081) |access-date=November 29, 2015 |publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }}</ref>
| date = November 2015
| source =
}}

== History ==

Covelo began in 1860, with the opening of the town's first store.<ref name="CGN" /> The post office opened in 1870.<ref name="CGN" /> Some sources claim that the town was named after a village in Switzerland.<ref name="CGN" /> However, there is no village in Switzerland by that name.<ref name="CPN">{{cite book |last=Gudde |first=Erwin G. |title=California Place Names: a Geographical Dictionary |publisher=University of California Press |date=1949 |location=Berkeley |pages=78 |url=https://www.amazon.com/California-Place-Names-Geographical-Dictionary/dp/B000TSMKE2}}</ref> Covelo may be a misspelling of Covolo, a fort in [[Pederobba]], [[Veneto]], [[Italy]], which is near Switzerland.<ref name="CPN" /> Alternatively, it could be named after [[Covelo, Pontevedra|Covelo]], a village in [[Galicia, Spain]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Bright|first=William|author-link=William Bright|date=1998|title=1500 California Place Names: Their Origin and Meaning|location=[[Berkeley, CA]]|publisher=[[University of California Press]]}}</ref> There is also a Covello in Basilicato, in the south of Italy.

== Demographics ==

{{US Census population
| 1880= 183
| 1980= 1448
| 1990= 1057
| 2000= 1175
| 2010= 1255
| 2020= 1394
| estyear=2021
| estimate=1317
| estref=<ref name="acs2021est">{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US0616728&y=2021|title=ACS Survey Population Estimate 2021}}</ref>
| align-fn=center
| footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census/decade.html|title=Decennial Census by Decade|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=}}</ref><br>1850–1870<ref name="1870CensusCA1">{{Cite web|title= 1870 Census of Population - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties - California - Almeda County to Sutter County |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-12.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><ref name="1870CensusCA2">{{Cite web|title= 1870 Census of Population - Population of Civil Divisions less than Counties - California - Tehama County to Yuba County |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1870/population/1870a-13.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1880-1890<ref name="1890CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1890 Census of Population - Population of California by Minor Civil Divisions |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1890/bulletins/demographics/134-population-of-ca.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1900<ref name="1900CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1900 Census of Population - Population of California by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1900/bulletins/demographic/10-population-ca.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1910<ref name="1910CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1910 Census of Population - Supplement for California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1910/abstract/supplement-ca.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1920<ref name="1920CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1920 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1920/bulletins/demographics/population-ca-number-of-inhabitants.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1930<ref name="1930CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1930 Census of Population - Number and Distribution of Inhabitants - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1930/population-volume-1/03815512v1ch03.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1940<ref name="1940CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1940 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1940/population-volume-1/33973538v1ch03.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1950<ref name="1950CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1950 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-08.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1960<ref name="1960CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1960 Census of Population - General population Characteristics - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/vol-01-06-d.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1970<ref name="1970CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1970 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1970a_ca1-01.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 1980<ref name="1980CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1980a_caAB-01.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref><br> 1990<ref name="1990CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 1990 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/prod2/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-6.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
2000<ref name="2000CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 2000 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/2003/dec/phc-3-6.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> 2010<ref name="2010CensusCA">{{Cite web|title= 2010 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - California |url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-6.pdf|website=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref>
}}

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|+ Demographics of Covelo (2000–
! Racial and ethnic composition
! 2000<ref name="datacensus2000p2">{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US0616728&y=2000&d=DEC+Redistricting+Data+(PL+94-171)&tid=DECENNIALPL2000.PL002|publisher=US Census Bureau|title=2000: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)}}</ref>
! 2010<ref name="datacensus2010p2">{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US0616728&y=2010&d=DEC+Redistricting+Data+(PL+94-171)&tid=DECENNIALPL2010.P2|publisher=US Census Bureau|title=2010: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)}}</ref>
! 2020<ref name="datacensus2020p2">{{cite web|url=https://data.census.gov/table?g=1600000US0616728&y=2020&d=DEC+Redistricting+Data+(PL+94-171)&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P2|publisher=US Census Bureau|title=2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)}}</ref>
|-
! [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic or Latino (of any race)]]
| 8.09%
| 12.99%
| 35.01%
|-
! [[Non-Hispanic whites|White (non-Hispanic)]]
| 48.26%
| 43.35%
| 33.86%
|-
! [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American (non-Hispanic)]]
| 36.6%
| 35.78%
| 24.46%
|-
! [[Multiracial American|Two or more races (non-Hispanic)]]
| 5.96%
| 6.14%
| 6.1%
|-
! Other (non-Hispanic)
| 0.0%
| 0.24%
| 0.36%
|-
! [[African American|Black or African American (non-Hispanic)]]
| 0.77%
| 1.04%
| 0.07%
|-
! [[Asian American|Asian (non-Hispanic)]]
| 0.34%
| 0.48%
| 0.07%
|-
! [[Pacific Islander Americans|Pacific Islander (non-Hispanic)]]
| 0.0%
| 0.0%
| 0.07%
|}

At the [[2010 United States Census|2010 census]] Covelo had a population of 1,255. The population density was {{convert|175.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of Covelo was 611 (48.7%) White, 14 (1.1%) African American, 475 (37.8%) Native American, 10 (0.8%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 49 (3.9%) from other races, and 96 (7.6%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 163 people (13.0%).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0616728|archive-url=https://archive.today/20140715024246/http://www.census.gov/2010census/popmap/ipmtext.php?fl=06:0616728|url-status=dead|archive-date=July 15, 2014|title=2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA - Covelo CDP|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=July 12, 2014}}</ref>

The census reported that 1,247 people (99.4% of the population) lived in households, no one lived in non-institutionalized group quarters and 8 (0.6%) were institutionalized.

There were 481 households, 148 (30.8%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 146 (30.4%) were [[marriage|opposite-sex married couples]] living together, 81 (16.8%) had a female householder with no husband present, 56 (11.6%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 70 (14.6%) [[POSSLQ|unmarried opposite-sex partnerships]], and 0 (0%) [[same-sex partnerships|same-sex married couples or partnerships]]. 148 households (30.8%) were one person and 53 (11.0%) had someone living alone who was 65 or older. The average household size was 2.59. There were 283 families (58.8% of households); the average family size was 3.25.

The age distribution was 339 people (27.0%) under the age of 18, 105 people (8.4%) aged 18 to 24, 320 people (25.5%) aged 25 to 44, 299 people (23.8%) aged 45 to 64, and 192 people (15.3%) who were 65 or older. The median age was 35.8 years. For every 100 females, there were 97.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.6 males.

There were 542 housing units at an average density of 75.9 per square mile, of the occupied units 314 (65.3%) were owner-occupied and 167 (34.7%) were rented. The homeowner vacancy rate was 2.2%; the rental vacancy rate was 3.4%. 791 people (63.0% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 456 people (36.3%) lived in rental housing units.

=== 2000 ===

At the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]] there were 1,175 people, 442 households, and 301 families in the CDP. The population density was {{convert|164.9|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 512 housing units at an average density of {{convert|71.8|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census#2000 census|racial makeup]] of the CDP was 50.21% White, 0.85% Black or African American, 40.26% Native American, 0.34% Asian, 0.17% Pacific Islander, 1.96% from other races, and 6.21% from two or more races. 8.09% of the population were [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic]] or Latino of any race.<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
Of the 442 households 29.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.2% were married couples living together, 20.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.7% were non-families. 26.0% of households were one person and 7.5% were one person aged 65 or older. The average household size was 2.66 and the average family size was 3.17.

The age distribution was 28.9% under the age of 18, 8.9% from 18 to 24, 23.1% from 25 to 44, 27.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.2% 65 or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.4 males.

The median household income was $27,639 and the median family income was $31,875. Males had a median income of $21,146 versus $17,014 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $12,628. About 17.1% of families and 27.1% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 36.4% of those under age 18 and 10.8% of those age 65 or over.

== Politics ==

In the [[California State Legislature|state legislature]], Covelo is in {{Representative|casd|2|fmt=sdistrict}},<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://senate.ca.gov/senators |title=Senators |access-date=March 10, 2013 |publisher=State of California}}</ref> and {{Representative|caad|2|fmt=adistrict}}.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://assembly.ca.gov/assemblymembers |title=Members Assembly |access-date=March 2, 2013 |publisher=State of California}}</ref>

Federally, Covelo is in {{Representative|cacd|2|fmt=district}}.<ref>{{Cite GovTrack|CA|2|accessdate=March 1, 2013}}</ref>

== Education ==

Round Valley Elementary and Round Valley High School serve as the town's schools. There is also a charter school: Eel River Charter School.

== Notable people ==

<!-- Provide information, preferably in prose form, of any famous or notable individuals that were born, or lived for a significant amount of time, in the city. See WikiProjects US Cities Guidelines https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Cities/US_Guideline for more assistance -->

* [[Michelle Lambert]], pop singer
* [[Thomas J. Long|Thomas J.]] and Joseph M. Long, brothers who co-founded [[Longs Drugs]] Stores; born and raised in Covelo<ref>{{cite web|last=Howe|first=Marvine|date=1990-12-31|title=Joseph M. Long, 78; Philanthropist Led Chain of Drug Stores|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/31/obituaries/joseph-m-long-78-philanthropist-led-chain-of-drug-stores.html|url-status=live|access-date=2021-04-01|work=[[New York Times]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150525203101/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/31/obituaries/joseph-m-long-78-philanthropist-led-chain-of-drug-stores.html |archive-date=May 25, 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Anderson|first=Glenda|date=2010-03-22|title=Covelo pulls together to build library|url=https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/covelo-pulls-together-to-build-library/|url-status=live|access-date=2021-09-22|website=Santa Rosa Press Democrat|language=en-US|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210922011511/https://www.pressdemocrat.com/article/news/covelo-pulls-together-to-build-library/ |archive-date=September 22, 2021 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Mendocino County, California}}

{{Eel River}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Census-designated places in Mendocino County, California]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1860]]
[[Category:Census-designated places in California]]
[[Category:1860 establishments in California]]