Editing Conneaut, Ohio

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
 | official_name            = Conneaut, Ohio
 | settlement_type          = [[City]]
 | motto                    = "Life's Just Better Here!"

<!-- Images -->
 | image_skyline            = Conneaut Ohio aerial view.jpg
 | image_caption            = Aerial view of the port at Conneaut
 | imagesize                = 
 | image_flag               = 
 | image_seal               = City_of_conneaut_seal.png
 | image_map                = Map of Ashtabula County Ohio Highlighting Conneaut City.png
 | mapsize                  = 250px
 | map_caption              = Location of Conneaut in Ashtabula County
 | pushpin_map              = Ohio#USA
 | pushpin_relief           = yes
 | pushpin_label            = Conneaut

<!-- Location -->
 | subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
 | subdivision_name         = United States
 | subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
 | subdivision_name1        = [[Ohio]]
 | subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Ohio|County]]
 | subdivision_name2        = [[Ashtabula County, Ohio|Ashtabula]]

<!-- Government -->
 | government_footnotes     = 
 | government_type          = 
 | leader_title             = [[City manager]]
 | leader_name              = 
 | leader_title1            = 
 | leader_name1             = 
 | established_title        = Settled
 | established_date         = 1799
 | established_title2       = Incorporated
 | established_date2        = 1834 (village)<br> 1902 (city)

<!-- Area -->
 | unit_pref                = Imperial
 | area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
 | area_magnitude           = 
 | area_total_km2           = 68.61
 | area_land_km2            = 68.44
 | area_water_km2           = 0.17
 | area_total_sq_mi         = 26.49
 | area_land_sq_mi          = 26.43
 | area_water_sq_mi         = 0.07

 | population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
 | population_est           = 12360
 | pop_est_as_of            = 2023
 | pop_est_footnotes        = <ref name="2023 est">{{cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Ohio: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2023/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2023-POP-39.xlsx |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=13 June 2024}}</ref>
 | population_total         = 12318
 | population_footnotes     = 
 | population_density_km2   = 179.98
 | population_density_sq_mi = 466.15

 | timezone                 = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
 | utc_offset               = -5
 | timezone_DST             = EDT
 | utc_offset_DST           = -4
 | elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
 | elevation_ft             = 679
 | coordinates              = {{coord|41|55|30|N|80|35|25|W|region:US-OH_type:city|display=inline,title}}
 | postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
 | postal_code              = 44030
 | area_code                = [[Area code 440|440]]
 | blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
 | blank_info               = 39-18350
 | blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
 | blank1_info              = 1085723<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|1085723}}</ref>
 | website                  = [http://www.conneautohio.gov/ www.conneautohio.gov]
 | footnotes                = 
}}

'''Conneaut''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|ɒ|n|i|ɔː|t}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://scrippsjschool.org/pronunciation/|title=A Pronunciation Guide to places in Ohio &ndash; E.W.Scripps School of|website=scrippsjschool.org|access-date=April 15, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170725084101/http://scrippsjschool.org/pronunciation/|archive-date=July 25, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> {{respell|KON|ee|awt}}) is the northeastern most city in [[Ashtabula County, Ohio]], United States, as well as the entire state as a whole. Located in the [[Greater Cleveland|Cleveland metropolitan area]], it is settled along [[Lake Erie]] at the mouth of [[Conneaut Creek]] {{convert|66|mi}} northeast of [[Cleveland]]. The population was 12,318 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].

==History==
[[File:Main Street, Conneaut, Ohio.jpg|thumb|left|Main Street in 1909]]
Conneaut is located on an old [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] trail, later used by early westbound pioneers. The word ''conneaut'' comes from the [[Seneca people|Seneca]] language, and has a disputed meaning.<ref>{{cite book|last=Overman|first=William Daniel|title=Ohio Town Names|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015015361465;view=1up;seq=49|year=1958|publisher=Atlantic Press|location=Akron, OH|page=33}}</ref>   A [[Mississaugas|Mississauga]] village was located at or near Conneaut, c. 1747.<ref>{{cite book |last= Tanner |first= Helen Hornbeck |author2= Adele Hast |author3= Jacqueline Peterson |author4= Robert J. Surtees |author5= Miklos Pinther |title= Atlas of Great Lakes Indian History |url= https://archive.org/details/atlasofgreatlake0000unse/page/75 |year= 1987 |publisher= University of Oklahoma Press |isbn= 0-8061-2056-8 |page= [https://archive.org/details/atlasofgreatlake0000unse/page/75 75] }}</ref>

In 1796, surveyors for the [[Connecticut Land Company]] built a log storehouse here, but the permanent settlement dates from 1798. In 1832 Conneaut was incorporated,<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Conneaut|volume=6|page=951}}</ref> and was described in 1833 as having a printing office, one meeting house, two taverns, and several stores and shops.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_dt48AAAAYAAJ | title=The Ohio Gazetteer, or, a Topographical Dictionary | publisher=Scott and Wright | date=1833 | access-date=December 12, 2013 | author=Kilbourn, John | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_dt48AAAAYAAJ/page/n134 160]}}</ref> It became a city in 1898.<ref name="EB1911"/> Conneaut was originally named '''New Salem''', and the parts surrounding it were named "Lakeville" from 1944 to 1964, though these were eventually combined into what is now known as "Conneaut". People still refer to parts of Conneaut as Lakeville or Amboy.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.experience-ohio-amish-country.com/conneaut-ohio.html|title=What's With the Name!|publisher=Ohio Amish Country Marketing LLC|access-date=March 30, 2016}}</ref>

On March 27, 1953, a [[1953 New York Central Railroad accident|three-train collision near Conneaut]] killed 21 people.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=f75iQOmSuEUC&q=conneaut+train+collision&pg=PA39 | title=Railroading in Conneaut, Ohio | publisher=Arcadia Publishing | year=2003 | access-date=December 1, 2013 | author=Borsvold, David | pages=39| isbn=9780738523460 }}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|26.43|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|26.36|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.07|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 6, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=January 25, 2012 }}</ref> Conneaut is situated along Lake Erie at the mouth of Conneaut Creek.

Conneaut is located in the northeasternmost corner of Ohio, bordering the state of [[Pennsylvania]] to the east and has {{convert|27|sqmi|km2}} within its corporate city limits, making it the 15th-largest city in Ohio by total land area.

Conneaut is a mixture of urban areas and rural farmland. The city has over {{convert|7|mi|km|spell=in}} of shoreline along Lake Erie, with beaches, boating facilities and a healthy summer tourist trade.

===Climate===

According to the [[Köppen climate classification]], Conneaut has a continental [[Temperate climate|maritime climate]] (Cfb) with warm to hot summers and cool to mild winters moderated by Lake Erie. Conneaut experiences [[seasonal lag]] due to the proximity of [[Lake Erie]].

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1840= 2642
|1850= 818
|1860= 1952
|1870= 1163
|1880= 1256
|1890= 3241
|1900= 7133
|1910= 8319
|1920= 9343
|1930= 9691
|1940= 9355
|1950= 10230
|1960= 10567
|1970= 14552
|1980= 13839
|1990= 13241
|2000= 12485
|2010= 12841
|2020= 12318
|estyear= 2023
|estimate= 12360
|estref=<ref name="2023 est"/>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|author-link=United States Census Bureau|access-date=November 21, 2013}}</ref><br>2018 Estimate<ref name= "2018 Pop Estimate">{{cite web|title=Population Estimates|url=https://census.gov/data/tables/2018/demo/popest/total-cities-and-towns.html|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 23, 2020}}</ref>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 6, 2013}}</ref> of 2010, there were 12,841 people, 4,740 households, and 3,034 families living in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|487.1|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 5,702 housing units at an average density of {{convert|216.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 89.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 7.5% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.4% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.8% of the population.

There were 4,740 households, of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.2% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 14.2% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 36.0% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.90.

The median age in the city was 39.6 years. 20.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 28.2% were from 25 to 44; 26.5% were from 45 to 64; and 15.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 54.4% male and 45.6% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]] of 2000, there were 12,485 people, 5,038 households, and 3,410 families living in the city. The population density was {{convert|473.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 5,710 housing units at an average density of {{convert|216.5|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.33% [[Black (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.12% [[White (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.18% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.47% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.05% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.23% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.61% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.06% of the population. 19.7% were of [[germans|German]], 16.0% [[italians|Italian]], 13.7% [[english people|English]], 12.0% [[irish people|Irish]], 6.2% [[Americans|American]] and 6.2% [[finns|Finnish]] ancestry according to [[Census 2000]]. There were 5,038 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.3% were non-families. 27.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 2.98.

In the city the population was spread out, with 25.2% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 27.5% from 25 to 44, 22.4% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 89.4 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $31,717, and the median income for a family was $37,955. Males had a median income of $31,964 versus $21,198 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,703. About 10.7% of families and 13.0% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 20.3% of those under age 18 and 9.1% of those age 65 or over.

==Economy==
Major industries within the city include CSP of Ohio (formerly Venture Industries), General Aluminum (automotive parts), and CW Ohio (windows and pillars). The city's historic business district and its harbor business district are not as thriving as in the past. A few of the main businesses that anchor the downtown are Gerdes Pharmacy and Orlando Brothers grocery store. From 1944 until 2000, the [[Astatic Corporation]] was a major manufacturer of microphones. Astatic merged CAD (Conneaut Audio Devices) in 2000 which continues to produce microphones.<ref>[[Astatic Corporation]]</ref>{{circular reference|date=August 2020}} Conneaut is also home to the Lake Erie Correctional Institution, which has a total staff of 295 employees as of February 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://drc.ohio.gov/laeci|title=Lake Erie Correctional (Alpha Version: 9.3.2.1024)|website=drc.ohio.gov|access-date=February 9, 2020}}</ref> The port of Conneaut, Ohio is the loading point for train cars bearing iron ore for Pittsburgh area steel mills, including the [[Edgar Thomson Works]].

==Government==
The city has been operated under a [[council-manager government]] since 1992.{{citation needed|date=June 2012}}

==Culture==
Conneaut holds an annual [[Normandy landings|D-Day]] reenactment every summer since 1999.<ref>{{cite web |title=About Us |url=https://ddayohio.us/about-us.html |publisher=D-Day Ohio, Inc |access-date=11 October 2024}}</ref>

==Transportation==
Transportation services Conneaut via [[Interstate 90]], which bisects the city, along with an international shipping port and three railroads. [[U.S. Route 20 in Ohio|U.S Route 20]] also bisects Conneaut. [[Ohio State Route 7]] has its northern terminus on Conneaut where it intersects with [[Ohio State Route 531|State Route 531]].

==Education==
It is in the [[Conneaut Area City School District]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st39_oh/schooldistrict_maps/c39007_ashtabula/DC20SD_C39007.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Ashtabula County, OH|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|access-date=2023-07-31}}</ref>

==Notable people==
* [[Laura Boulton]], eminent ethnologist, anthropologist and film-maker
* [[Mary L. Doe]], first president of Michigan State Equal Suffrage Association
* [[Mildred Gillars]], American radio personality (Axis Sally) during World War II
* [[Osee M. Hall]], U.S. House Representative from Minnesota
* [[Joseph Russell Jones]], appointed by [[Ulysses S. Grant]] as Minister Resident to [[Belgium]]
* [[Larry Kelley]], [[American football|football]] player for [[Yale University]]
* [[Jean Lovell]], All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player
* [[John P. McGoorty]], Illinois judge and state representative
* [[Mike Palagyi]], MLB pitcher for Washington Senators
* [[John R. Pillion]], Republican member of U.S. House of Representatives from New York
* [[George Morton Randall]], [[United States Army]] general
* [[Abigail Salisbury]] member Pennsylvania House of Representatives
* [[Mason A. Thayer]], Republican member of Wisconsin State Assembly
* [[Doug Tompkins]], co-founder of [[The North Face]] and [[Esprit Holdings|Esprit]]

==Gallery==
<gallery widths="220px" heights="165px" class="center">
File:conneaut industry.jpg|Industry related to the shipping of ores
File:Conneaut light.jpg|Conneaut lighthouse
File:Playground - panoramio (24).jpg|A modern-day playground.
File:Middle Road Covered Bridge (9062496296).jpg|[[Middle Road Covered Bridge]]
File:Conneaut Township Park stairs.jpg|Steps to beach at Conneaut Township Park
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book |author=Ashtabula County Genealogical Society |year=1985 |title=Ashtabula County history, then and now : a history of the people of the county |location=Dallas |publisher=Taylor Publishing}}
* {{cite book |title=Biographical history of northeastern Ohio: embracing the counties of Ashtabula, Geauga and Lake |year=1893 |location=Chicago |publisher=Lewis Publishing |url=https://archive.org/details/biographicalhist00lewi_1}}
* {{cite book |isbn=978-0738523460 |title=Railroading in Conneaut, Ohio |last1=Borsvold |first1=David |date=2003 |publisher=Arcadia }}
* {{cite thesis |last=Bottoms |first=Eric E. |title=The improvement of Conneaut Harbor Ohio and breakwater design |year=1930 |publisher=Michigan State College of Agriculture and Applied Science |url=https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/102527554}}
* Clark, Rev. Rufus. 1880.  [http://www.geocities.ws/conneautohio/southridge/southridge.html Early History of South Ridge]. Published in the Conneaut Reporter starting c. January 22, 1880; Reprint, 1985, Ashtabula County Genealogical Society.
* {{cite book |title=Tales (Some Tall) of Conneaut and Ashtabula County |publisher=Conneaut Area Historical Society |location=Conneaut, OH |year=2023 |oclc=1387599824}}
* {{cite thesis |last=Kaltinick |first=Arnold |title=Socialist municipal administration in four American cities: (Milwaukee, Schenectady, New Castle, Pennsylvania and Conneaut, Ohio), 1910-1916 |location=New York University |oclc=320074051 |year=1982}}
* {{cite book |last=Large |first=Moina M. |year=1924 |title=History of Ashtabula County, Ohio |volume=1-2 |location=Indianapolis, IN |publisher=Historical Publishing Co.}}
* {{cite book |isbn=978-0738577319 |title=Conneaut |last1=Owens |first1=David B. |date=2010 |publisher=Arcadia }}
* {{cite book |last=Williams |first=William W. |year=1878 |title=History of Ashtabula County, Ohio, with illustration and biographical sketches of its pioneers and most prominent men |location=Philadelphia |publisher=J.B. Lippincott}} (Reprint, 1974, Ashtabula Genealogical Society; 1993, Higginson Book Company)

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.conneautohio.gov/ City of Conneaut]
* {{Cite NIE|wstitle=Conneaut |short=x}}
* {{Cite Collier's|wstitle=Conneaut |short=x}}

{{Ashtabula County, Ohio}}
{{Ohio}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Conneaut, Ohio| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Ashtabula County, Ohio]]
[[Category:Inland port cities and towns in Ohio]]
[[Category:Ohio populated places on Lake Erie]]
[[Category:1799 establishments in the Northwest Territory]]
[[Category:Cities in Ohio]]