Editing Coeur d'Alene, Idaho

{{short description|City in Idaho, United States}}
{{good article}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name      = Coeur d'Alene
| settlement_type    = [[City]]
| nickname           = Lake City; CDA
| motto              = City with a Heart<ref>{{cite web|last=Oliveria|first=Dave F.|title=Walla Walla Slogan Among Worst|newspaper=[[The Spokesman-Review]]|date=May 24, 2011|url=https://www.spokesman.com/blogs/hbo/2011/may/24/walla-walla-slogan-among-worst/|access-date=August 8, 2020}}</ref>
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| image_map          = Kootenai County Idaho Incorporated and Unincorporated areas Coeur d'Alene Highlighted 1616750.svg
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| map_caption        = Location of Coeur d'Alene in Kootenai County, Idaho
| pushpin_map        = USA Idaho# USA
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<!-- Location ------->
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = United States
| subdivision_type1  = State
| subdivision_name1  = [[Idaho]]
| subdivision_type2  = [[List of counties in Idaho|County]]
| subdivision_name2  = [[Kootenai County, Idaho|Kootenai]]
<!-- Government ------->
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| government_type    = 
| leader_title       = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name        = 
| leader_title1      = 
| leader_name1       = 
| established_title  = Founded
| established_date   = 1878
| established_title1 = Incorporated (town)
| established_date1  = August 22, 1887
| established_title2 = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated (city)]]
| established_date2  = September 4, 1906
<!-- Area ------>
| unit_pref          = Imperial
| area_footnotes     = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2020">{{cite web|title=2020 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2020_Gazetteer/2020_gaz_place_16.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=July 24, 2022}}</ref>
| area_total_km2     = 43.56
| area_land_km2      = 41.58
| area_water_km2     = 1.98
| area_total_sq_mi   = 16.82
| area_land_sq_mi    = 16.06
| area_water_sq_mi   = 0.76
<!-- Population ------->
| population_as_of   = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
| population_est     = 56733
| pop_est_as_of      = 2022
| pop_est_footnotes  = <ref name="USCensusEst2022"/>
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2020 Census (City)"/>
| population_total   = 54628
| population_density_km2 = 1360.0
| population_density_sq_mi = 3522.0
| population_rank    = US: 702nd<br>ID: [[List of cities in Idaho|7th]]
| population_urban   = 121831 (US: [[List of United States urban areas|272nd]])
| population_metro   = 183578 (US: [[Metropolitan statistical area|240th]])
| population_blank1_title = [[Combined Statistical Area|Combined]]
| population_blank1  = 781497 (US: [[Combined statistical area|70th]])
<!-- General information -->
| timezone           = [[Pacific Time Zone|Pacific (PST)]]
| utc_offset         = –8
| timezone_DST       = PDT
| utc_offset_DST     = –7
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name=gnis/>
| elevation_ft       = 2247
| coordinates        = {{coord|47|41|34|N|116|46|48|W|region:US-ID_type:city|display=inline,title}}
<!-- Area/postal codes and others -->
| postal_code_type   = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code        = 83814, 83815
| area_code          = [[Area codes 208 and 986|208 and 986]]
| blank_name         = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
| blank_info         = 16-16750
| blank1_name        = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
| blank1_info        = 2410187<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2410187}}</ref>
| website            = {{URL|https://www.cdaid.org//|cdaid.org}}
| footnotes          = 
}}

'''Coeur d'Alene''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|k|ɔːr|_|d|ə|ˈ|l|eɪ|n|audio=EN-US-CoeurdAlene.ogg}} {{respell|KOR|_|də|LAYN}};<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Coeur d'Alene|access-date=May 16, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite dictionary |url=http://www.lexico.com/en/definition/Coeur+d%27Alene |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220829111800/https://www.dictionary.com/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=August 29, 2022 |title=Coeur d'Alene |dictionary=[[Lexico]] US English Dictionary |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite Merriam-Webster|Coeur d'Alene|access-date=May 16, 2019}}</ref> {{langx|fr|Cœur d'Alène|lit=Heart of [[stitching awl|Awl]]}} {{IPA|fr|kœʁ d a.lɛn}}) is a city and the [[county seat]] of [[Kootenai County, Idaho]], United States. It is the most populous city in [[North Idaho]] and the principal city of the Coeur d'Alene [[Metropolitan Statistical Area]]. The population was 54,628 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="2020 Census (City)">{{cite web|title=Explore Census Data |url=https://data.census.gov/profile/Coeur_d'Alene_city,_Idaho?g=160XX00US1616750 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 15, 2024}}</ref> Coeur d'Alene is a [[satellite city]] of [[Spokane, Washington|Spokane]], which is located about {{convert|30|mi|round=5|spell=in}} to the west in the state of [[Washington (state)|Washington]]. The two cities are the key components of the [[Spokane–Coeur d'Alene Combined Statistical Area]], of which Coeur d'Alene is the third-largest city (after Spokane and its largest suburb, [[Spokane Valley, Washington|Spokane Valley]]). The city is situated on the north shore of the {{convert|25|mi|adj=on}} long [[Lake Coeur d'Alene]] and to the west of the [[Coeur d'Alene Mountains]]. Locally, Coeur d'Alene is known as the "Lake City", or simply called by its initials, "CDA".

The city is named after the [[Coeur d'Alene people]], a federally recognized tribe of Native Americans who live along the rivers and lakes of the region, in a territory of {{convert|4000000|acre|km2}} from eastern Washington to [[Montana]]. The native peoples were [[hunter-gatherer]]s who located their villages and camps near food gathering or processing sites and followed the seasonal cycles, practicing [[Subsistence economy|subsistence]] hunting, fishing, and foraging.

The city began as a fort town; General [[William Tecumseh Sherman]] sited what became known as [[Fort Sherman (Idaho)|Fort Sherman]] on the north shore of Lake Coeur d'Alene in 1878. Peopling of the town came when [[miner]]s and prospectors came to the region after gold and silver deposits were found in what would become the [[Silver Valley (Idaho)|Silver Valley]] and after the [[Northern Pacific Railroad]] reached the town in 1883. In the 1890s, [[Coeur d'Alene miners' dispute|two significant miners' uprisings]] over wages took place in the Coeur d'Alene Mining District leading to the declaration of [[martial law]], with the latter providing a motive for the assassination of a former Idaho governor and subsequently a nationally publicized trial. The late 19th century discovery of highly prized [[Western white pine|white pine]] in the forests of northern Idaho resulted in a timber boom that peaked in the late 1920s and was accompanied by the rapid population growth which led to the incorporation of the city on September 4, 1906. After the [[Great Depression]], tourism started to become a major source of development in the area. By the 1980s, tourism became the major driver in the local economy, and, after decades of heavy reliance on logging, the city featured a more balanced economy with manufacturing, retail, and service sectors.

The city of Coeur d'Alene has grown significantly since the 1990s, in part because of a substantial increase in tourism, encouraged by resorts and recreational activities in the area and outmigration predominantly from other western states. The [[Coeur d'Alene Resort]] and its {{convert|0.75|mi|adj=on}} floating [[boardwalk (entertainment district)|boardwalk]] and a {{convert|165|acre|km2|adj=on}} natural area called [[Tubbs Hill]] take up a prominent portion of the city's downtown. Popular parks such as City Park and Beach and McEuen Park are also fixtures of the downtown waterfront. The city has become somewhat of a destination for golfers; there are five courses in the city, including the Coeur d'Alene Resort Golf Course and its unique 14th hole floating green. The [[Coeur d'Alene Casino]] and its [[Circling Raven Golf Club]] is located approximately {{convert|27|mi}} south and the largest theme park in the Northwestern United States, [[Silverwood Theme Park]], is located approximately {{convert|20|mi|round=5|spell=in}} north. There are also several ski resorts and other recreation areas nearby. The city is home to the Museum of North Idaho and [[North Idaho College]], and it has become known for having one of the largest holiday light shows in the United States and hosting a popular [[Ironman Triathlon]] event. Coeur d'Alene is located on the route of [[Interstate 90]] and is served by the [[Coeur d'Alene Airport]] as well as the [[Brooks Seaplane Base]] by air. In print media, local issues are covered by the ''[[Coeur d'Alene Press]]'' daily newspaper.

==History==
[[File:Coeur d'Alene Mission in the Rocky Mountains.jpg|thumb|[[Old Mission State Park|Coeur d'Alene Mission of the Sacred Heart]] on the [[Coeur d'Alene River]], 1855]]

The [[Coeur d'Alene people]] called themselves ''Schitsu'umsh'' in [[Coeur d'Alene language|Coeur d'Alene]], one of the [[Salishan languages]], meaning "those who are found here"<ref name=CDAppl>Dahlgren et al. (2009), p. 2</ref><ref name=essay/> or "the found ones".<ref name=VII>Singletary (2019), p. VII</ref> These Native Americans lived along the rivers and lakes of the region, in a territory of {{convert|4000000|acre|km2}} extending from eastern Washington to Montana; these tribes primarily located their villages and camps near food gathering or processing sites.<ref name=CDAppl/><ref name=essay/> The camps featured [[wigwam|conical lodges]] constructed from poles and mats sewn from [[tule]] or animal hides.<ref name=CDAppl/> The Coeur d'Alene people were [[hunter-gatherer]]s who practiced [[Subsistence economy|subsistence]] hunting of wild game and fishing during the [[salmon run]]s, and then foraging for berries and other edibles along the shores of the region's numerous lakes and rivers.<ref name=CDAppl/><ref name=essay/> The introduction of the horse c. 1760 made hunting and transportation more efficient.<ref name=CDAppl/><ref name=essay/>

===1800s===
The area was extensively explored by fur trader [[David Thompson (explorer)|David Thompson]] of the [[North West Company]] starting in 1807 and in 1809 he established the [[Kullyspell House]] trading post on [[Lake Pend Oreille]].<ref name=VII/>{{efn|Lewis and Clark noted the likely first contact between the Coeur d'Alene people and European Americans in a trade encounter at a [[Nez Perce people|Nez Perce]] camp on their [[Lewis and Clark Expedition|expedition]] in 1805; along with trade goods, the trappers unwittingly brought diseases that decimated the native population by about 80 percent.<ref name=CDAppl/>}} Thompson, who usually used native names to describe the places and people he came across, ascribed the name of 'Pointed Hearts' to one of the tribes he traded with and "Pointed Heart Lake" for the lake they lived near.<ref name=VII/> Since Thompson traveled with French-speaking [[Iroquois]] guides and scouts, it has been speculated that they may have been the first to refer to the tribe as the Coeur d'Alene.<ref name=CDAppl/><ref name=essay/> As French was the spoken language of the [[Voyageurs|Canadian fur traders]], it is likely that "pointed heart" has its origins in the French transliteration of ''Cœur'' or "heart", ''d{{'}}'' or "in the middle of" and ''Alêne'' or "awl", meaning the tribal traders had hearts as sharp as the tip of an [[Stitching awl|awl]] – or that they were sharp businessmen.<ref name=VII/><ref name=essay>{{cite web| last=Frey| first=Rodney| title=Coeur d'Alene (Schitsu'umsh)| publisher=University of Washington| url=http://content.lib.washington.edu/aipnw/frey.html| others=American Indians of the Pacific Northwest collection, [[University of Washington Libraries]]| access-date=July 17, 2013}}</ref>

The [[Oregon boundary dispute]] (or Oregon question) arose as a result of competing British and American claims to the Pacific Northwest of North America in the first half of the 19th century. The British had trading ties extending from Canada and had started settlements at [[Fort Vancouver]] and at [[Fort Astoria]] on the Pacific coast near the mouth of the [[Columbia River]]. The [[Oregon Treaty]] of 1846 ended the disputed joint occupation of the area in present-day Idaho when Britain ceded all rights to land south of the [[49th parallel north|49th parallel]] to the United States.<ref>Walker (1999), p. 60</ref>

In another territorial dispute, the U.S. government through [[Washington Territory]] Governor [[Isaac Stevens]] began to negotiate treaties that would begin to move the various tribes of the region onto reservation lands to make way for American settlement.<ref name=Dahlgrenp3>Dahlgren et al. (2009), p. 3</ref> This angered the Coeur d'Alene, as several treaty re-negotiations continually reduced their tribal lands.<ref name=Dahlgrenp3/> The tribe also perceived the planned construction a military [[covered wagon|wagon]] road as a precursor to a land-grab by the United States.<ref>Frey (2001), pp. 79–81</ref> These talks and increasing settler encroachment sparked [[Coeur d'Alene War|armed hostilities]] between the native Coeur d'Alene, [[Spokane people|Spokane]] and [[Palouse people|Palouse]] and the settler populations that resulted in an initial victory for the tribes at the [[Battle of Pine Creek|Battle of Steptoe Butte]] but were followed up with [[George Wright (general)|George Wright]]'s campaign that subdued the natives.<ref name=Dahlgrenp3/> The [[Coeur d'Alene Reservation]] is located in [[Benewah County, Idaho|Benewah]] and [[Kootenai County, Idaho|Kootenai]] counties south of Coeur d'Alene in communities focused around Worley and Plummer.<ref>Dahlgren et al. (2009), p. 17</ref> In 1859, with U.S. funding in place, Governor Stevens appointed [[John Mullan (road builder)|John Mullan]] to survey the interior of the Northwestern United States for possible railroad routes and oversee the construction of the {{convert|611|mi|adj=on}} [[Mullan Road]] that bears his name, from [[Fort Walla Walla]] on the Columbia River through the Rocky Mountains to [[Fort Benton, Montana|Fort Benton]] on the [[Missouri River]].<ref name=Mullan>{{cite web|last=Johnson |first=Randall A. |title=The Mullan Road: A Real Northwest Passage |publisher=HistoryLink |others=''The Pacific Northwesterner'', Vol. 39, No. 2 (1995) |series=People's History collection |date=November 5, 2009 |url=https://www.historylink.org/File/9202 |access-date=November 23, 2021}}</ref>

With the [[Gold mining in the United States#Idaho|discovery of gold in the western United States]] and the establishment of [[Idaho Territory]] in 1863, there was an increase in settlers to the region.<ref name=Singletary1>Singletary (2019), p. 1</ref> When General [[William Tecumseh Sherman]] was commander of the U.S. Army during the [[American Indian Wars|Indian Wars]] and following the defeat of General [[George Armstrong Custer]] at the [[Battle of Little Big Horn]], he erected several forts in the west.<ref name=Singletary1/> During a tour of the Inland Northwest on his way to [[Fort Walla Walla]] on the Mullan Road, he was impressed by the scenery of the area and ordered a fort constructed on the lake in 1877 and gave it the name Fort Coeur d'Alene.<ref name=Singletary1/> The fort which gave the city its name was established in 1878 and the name of the fort was later changed to [[Fort Sherman (Idaho)|Fort Sherman]] to honor the general.<ref name=Singletary1/>

[[File:Pier in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho (circa 1908).jpg|thumb|The ''Idaho'' docked at the Electric Dock, c. 1908]]

Miners and prospectors came to the region after gold and silver deposits were found in the Coeur d'Alene Mountains and the [[Northern Pacific Railroad]] came to the village in 1883.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 11</ref> The village became the location where ore from the mining district was ferried and transferred to the rail lines from [[Steamboats on Lake Coeur d'Alene|steamboats]] that traveled down from the [[Coeur d'Alene River]] from the [[Old Mission State Park|Cataldo Mission]].<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 13</ref> The township was officially incorporated by petition on August 22, 1887.<ref name="Singletary 2019, p. 14">Singletary (2019), p. 14</ref>

In the 1890s, [[Coeur d'Alene miners' dispute|two significant miners' uprisings]] took place in the [[Silver Valley, Idaho|Coeur d'Alene Mining District]], where the workers struggled with high risk and low pay. In 1892, the union's discovery of a [[Labor spies|labor spy]] in their midst, in the person of [[Charlie Siringo]], a sometime cowboy and [[Pinkerton National Detective Agency|Pinkerton]] agent, resulted in [[Coeur d'Alene, Idaho labor strike of 1892|a labor strike]] that developed into a shooting war between miners and the company in [[Burke Canyon]]. When the [[Mine Owners' Association|mine owners]] planned to reduce wages of some workers to offset increased operating costs, the miners declared a strike against the reduction of wages and the increase in work hours and demanded a "[[living wage]]"<ref>Langdon (1908), p. 12</ref> be paid to every man working underground – the common laborer as well as the skilled in a stand for [[industrial unionism]].<ref name="americanheritage.com">{{cite journal| last = Clark| first = Earl| title = Shoot-Out In Burke Canyon| journal = [[American Heritage (magazine)|American Heritage]]| volume = 22| issue = 5| date = August 1971| url = https://www.americanheritage.com/shoot-out-burke-canyon#1| access-date = October 14, 2020}}</ref> To restore order to the state of rebellion in [[Shoshone County, Idaho|Shoshone County]], Governor [[N. B. Willey]] declared [[martial law]] and sent federal troops to arrest and detain the union miners, but not before dozens of casualties including six deaths and the destruction of the Frisco Mill.<ref name="americanheritage.com" /> Six hundred miners were put into "[[Bullpen#Response to labor unrest .28United States.29|bullpen]]s" without any hearings or formal charges.<ref>Langdon (1908), p. 13</ref>

Labor disputes between some company mines and the union continued into the next decade. A similar [[Coeur d'Alene, Idaho labor confrontation of 1899|labor confrontation in 1899]] took place after the union was launching an organizing drive of the few mines not yet fully unionized,<ref>Lukas (1997), p. 111</ref> where miners working in the [[Bunker Hill Mine and Smelting Complex|Bunker Hill and Sullivan mines]] were receiving fifty cents to a dollar less per day than other miners.<ref>Langdon (1908), p. 16</ref> With no success in the effort, on April 29, 250 union members seized a train in [[Burke, Idaho|Burke]] at gunpoint, according to the engineer, Levi "Al" Hutton.<ref>Schwantes (1996), p. 320</ref> At each stop through Burke Canyon, more miners climbed aboard what was dubbed the "Dynamite Express" toward the site of the $250,000 Bunker Hill mine near [[Wardner, Idaho|Wardner]]; the miners then carried 3,000 pounds (1,400&nbsp;kg) of dynamite into the mill and completely destroyed it.<ref>Carlson (1983), pp. 53–54</ref> The crowd also burned down the company office, the boarding house, and the home of the mine manager. Like in the 1892 strike, martial law was declared by Governor [[Frank Steunenberg]] and wholesale arrests and mass incarcerations were done to bring back order.<ref name="americanheritage.com" /> [[Albert Horsley|Harry Orchard]], who owned a share of the [[Hercules silver mine|Hercules Mine]] at one point and played a significant role in the [[Colorado Labor Wars]], returned to Idaho to [[Frank_Steunenberg#Assassination|assassinate former governor Steunenberg]] in 1905.<ref>Carlson (1983), pp. 91–92, p. 119</ref> The bombing assassination led to a nationally publicized trial in [[Boise, Idaho|Boise]].<ref name="americanheritage.com" />

After a U.S. Geological Survey done in the 1890s, it became widely known that there were large quantities of [[Western white pine|white pine]], a highly prized [[softwood]], in the Coeur d'Alene Mountains.<ref name="Singletary27">Singletary (2019), p. 27</ref> The [[lumber industry]] from the eastern US began to inventory the timberlands, acquire land, and invest in facilities across much of northern Idaho.<ref name="Singletary27" /> This was welcome relief to the town of Coeur d'Alene, which had been reeling from the [[Panic of 1893]], a flood in 1894, and the closure of Fort Sherman.<ref name="Singletary27" />{{efn|The U.S. government decided to close Fort Sherman and build [[Fort George Wright]] in Spokane in part due to the persistent flooding of the banks on Lake Coeur d'Alene.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 21</ref>}}

===1900s===
[[File:Sherman Street, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho, ca 1908 (AL+CA 1520).jpg|thumb|alt=Sherman Avenue c. 1908|Sherman Avenue c. 1908]]The city experienced significant growth from the timber boom and the development of the railroads, steamboats, and tourism that accompanied it; Coeur d'Alene incorporated as a city on September 4, 1906, and by 1908 it had become the county seat.<ref>Singletary (2019), pp. 35–38</ref> From 1900 to 1915, there were hundreds of homes constructed across 70 newly platted additions.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 49</ref> With the advent of the automobile and the internal combustion engine, trucks and chainsaws, the felling and transporting of trees became more productive and efficient and lumber production reached its height in the late 1910s and 1920s; in 1925 there were seven lumber mills operating in the area and they were producing 500 million board feet of lumber.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 79, p. 93</ref>

After the [[Wall Street Crash of 1929|1929 stock market crash]] and during the [[Great Depression]], the lumber industry demand began to wane and by the mid-1930s about half the woodworkers in North Idaho were laid off and the surviving mills were producing only 160 million board feet of lumber per year.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 93</ref> Although it was a tough time, accomplishments during the Depression years included the establishment of Coeur d'Alene Junior College (North Idaho College) in 1933, the construction of Northwest Boulevard through the [[Works Progress Administration]] program in 1937, and the building of the popular Playfair Pier amusement park on the lake in the early 1940s.<ref>Singletary (2019), pp. 99–104</ref> The Playfair Pier opened on July 4, 1942 (and existed until 1974) in City Park and included a variety of rides and attractions such as a miniature roller coaster, a Ferris wheel, a carousel, and some of the usual [[carnival game]]s.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 99</ref> Coeur d'Alene benefited from its proximity to the [[Farragut Naval Training Station]], established in 1942 on the south end of [[Lake Pend Oreille]], which employed 22,000 people and needed 98 million board feet of lumber to build 650 buildings.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 113</ref>

Due to the scenic lake, tourism has always been a factor in the local economy. In the early 1900s, it had become popular in Spokane to travel and picnic in the park, shop in town, and take steamboat cruises on the lake and up the [[Saint Joe River]].<ref name=Singletary27/> Coeur d'Alene had also received national publicity in magazines, where it had been called a "wonderland" and "the [[Lucerne]] of America".<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 27, pp. 31–32</ref> However, tourism began to become a mainstay of the economy with the completion of highway infrastructure projects in the 1950s and 1960s, and the Coeur d'Alene Chamber of Commerce began to promote the city as a tourist destination as well.<ref>Singletary (2019), pp. 137–138</ref> As tourism increased, there was more demand for lodging facilities, convention space, restaurants, and cultural activities. By 1976, the city had over 30 motels with about 1,500 rooms.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 141</ref> On June 14, 1958, the city hosted the first Diamond Cup Hydroplane race, which was one of the largest events in its history and garnered national publicity and media coverage.<ref name="Singletary p. 147">Singletary (2019), p. 147</ref> The event was attended by 30,000 people, and it was considered a success by the Diamond Cup organizers. The race was held at Lake Coeur d'Alene for the next eight years; it was discontinued due to persistent difficulties in raising funds for the event.<ref name="Singletary p. 147"/>

After decades of heavy reliance on logging, in the 1980s, the city featured a more balanced economy with manufacturing, retail, and service sectors.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 173</ref> Tourism has taken on even more prominence and has become one of the main drivers of the local economy since the start of the 1980s, when there was new investment into recreational tourism in the area. In 1982, a $2 million Wild Waters aquatic theme park was built, and in the spring of 1986 there was the opening of the $60 million (${{Formatprice|{{Inflation|US|60000000|1986}}}} in {{inflation-year|US}} dollars), 18-story Coeur d'alene Resort.<ref name =Singletary176>Singletary (2019), p. 176</ref> The waterfront resort featured a well-manicured frontage and a publicly accessible floating [[boardwalk (entertainment district)|boardwalk]] that gave visitors the impression of a park-like environment and attracted the attention of publications nationwide.<ref name=Singletary176/><ref>{{cite web|last = Egan|first = Timothy| title = NATIONAL NOTEBOOK: Coeur d'Alene, Idaho; Wilderness Luxury|newspaper = [[The New York Times]]|date = September 21, 1986|url = https://www.nytimes.com/1986/09/21/realestate/national-notebook-coeur-d-alene-idaho-wilderness-luxury.html|access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> The actions of the [[Aryan Nations]], a [[white supremacy|white supremacist]] group founded by [[Richard Butler (white supremacist)|Richard Butler]] in 1974, also attracted media attention.<ref name=CSM>{{cite web|last = Struck|first = Doug|title = The Idaho town that stared down hate – and won|work = [[The Christian Science Monitor]]|date = August 31, 2017|url = https://www.csmonitor.com/USA/Society/2017/0831/The-Idaho-town-that-stared-down-hate-and-won|access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> Butler's acolytes, many of whom were transplants like him, were linked to several robberies, murders, and three bombings, including the bombing of a ''Spokesman-Review'' office.<ref name=Glionna/><ref name=CSM/> In 1986, Coeur d'Alene was presented the [[Raoul Wallenberg Award]] for its stand in peacefully countering the message of the white supremacists that moved into the area.<ref>{{cite web|last = Verhovek|first = Sam Howe|title = PUBLIC LIVES; In a Verdict, a Sign That His Town Is No Haven for Hate|newspaper = The New York Times|date = September 9, 2000|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/09/09/us/public-lives-in-a-verdict-a-sign-that-his-town-is-no-haven-for-hate.html|access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref name=CSM/> Coeur d'Alene also won the [[All-America City Award]] in 1990.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 194</ref> The Aryan Nations went bankrupt and ceased operations in 2000 when the [[Southern Poverty Law Center]] filed a lawsuit after the assault of a Native American woman. The lawsuit resulted in a $6.3 million judgment and the closure of their Hayden compound.<ref name=CSM/>

[[File:Roosevelt Inn New Building Photo Small.jpg|thumb|alt=The Roosevelt School was built in 1905 and became The Roosevelt Inn in 1994|The Roosevelt School was built in 1905 and became [[The Roosevelt Inn]] in 1994.]]
In the 1990s, the Coeur d'Alene area starting experiencing substantial population growth; many of these initial transplants came from California, citing earthquakes, crime, and overcrowding as reasons for their move.<ref name=Glionna>{{cite web|last = Glionna|first = John M.|title = Welcome to the Potato State—Now Go Home : Idaho: Californians fleeing big-city problems have been met with resentment by their new neighbors.|newspaper = [[Los Angeles Times]]|date = August 8, 1994|url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-08-08-mn-24975-story.html|access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> This northward migration coincided with watershed events such as the [[1992 Los Angeles riots]] and the [[1994 Northridge earthquake]].<ref name=HCN/> The surrounding area got increased tourist attention when [[Silverwood Theme Park]], which opened in 1988 on an airstrip with an authentic [[steam train]] and carnival rides, installed the [[Corkscrew (Silverwood)|Corkscrew]] [[roller coaster]] in 1990 that it purchased from [[Knott's Berry Farm]].<ref name=Erickson>{{cite web|last = Erickson|first = Keith|title = On a roll at Silverwood|newspaper = [[Spokane Journal of Business]]|date = May 10, 2018|url = https://www.spokanejournal.com/local-news/on-a-roll-at-silverwood/|access-date = January 9, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last = Dubin|first = Zan|title = Venerable Corkscrew: End of a Long Ride: Before Knott's Historic Roller Coaster Is Carted Off to Idaho Park, Many Pause to Attest to Its Thrills|newspaper = Los Angeles Times|date = September 17, 1989|url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-09-17-ca-552-story.html|access-date = January 9, 2021}}</ref> Additional rides such as the [[Timber Terror]] and [[Tremors (roller coaster)|Tremors]] roller coasters in the 1990s and the {{convert|20|acre|km2|adj=on}} Boulder Beach [[water park]] in 2003 made Silverwood into a regional theme park, which attracts visitors primarily from the Spokane, [[Tri-Cities, Washington|Tri-Cities]], and Seattle areas of Washington as well as some from the Canadian provinces of [[British Columbia]] and [[Alberta]].<ref name=Erickson/>

===2000s===
In 2014, McEuen Park on the downtown waterfront reopened to the public after undergoing a major $20 million renovation that transformed it from a park with baseball diamonds into a multi-use park with a variety of athletic facilities, a playground, and a dog park.<ref name="Maben" /> The state of Idaho is the fastest-growing state in the country and according to Census Bureau data in 2018, the city and county were among the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the nation with a net migration of about 3,200 residents from 2015 to 2016.<ref name="Inlander">{{cite web| last = Criscione| first = Wilson| title = In North Idaho, leaders brace for rapid population growth| newspaper = [[Inlander (newspaper)|Inlander]]| date = January 11, 2018| url = https://www.inlander.com/spokane/in-north-idaho-leaders-brace-for-rapid-population-growth/Content?oid=7619376| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> The newest transplants are still mainly from other western states and are moving for economic as well as political reasons, seeking a lower cost of living, more affordable housing, an outdoor lifestyle, and a place that is more conservative.<ref name="Inlander" />

In June 2020, during [[George Floyd protests]], armed civilians patrolled the streets of downtown Coeur d'Alene, citing a desire to protect businesses from potential looting.  No violent incidents occurred.<ref>{{cite news |last=Blanchard |first=Nicole |title=Armed residents patrol Coeur d'Alene as George Floyd protests continue across U.S. |url=https://www.idahostatesman.com/news/local/community/cda/article243264501.html |access-date=October 17, 2024 |work=Idaho Statesman |date=June 3, 2020}}</ref>

==Geography==
===Topography===
[[File:Spokanerivermap.png|thumb|upright=1|alt=Spokane River drainage|[[Spokane River]] drainage basin]]

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|16.08|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|15.57|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.51|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=December 18, 2012|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012}}</ref>

Coeur d'Alene is {{convert|30|mi}} east of [[Downtown Spokane|downtown]] [[Spokane, Washington]], and {{convert|259|mi|round=5}} east of [[Seattle]]<!--, Washington-->.<ref>{{cite web| title = How Far is it Between| publisher = Free Map Tools| url = https://www.freemaptools.com/how-far-is-it-between.htm| access-date = July 29, 2020}}</ref> The city is part of the Spokane–Coeur d'Alene combined statistical area and the [[Inland Northwest (United States)|Inland Northwest]] region, consisting of eastern Washington, [[Idaho Panhandle|northern Idaho]], northwestern [[Montana]], and northeastern [[Oregon]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Inland Empire |publisher=Merriam-Webster Dictionary |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/inland%20empire |access-date=July 29, 2020}}</ref>

The city is located on the north shore of [[Lake Coeur d'Alene]], near the outlet of the [[Spokane River]], and is in the [[North Central Rockies forest|Northern Rockies ecoregion]].<ref name=TopoView>{{cite map |title = TopoView: The National Map|url = https://viewer.nationalmap.gov/basic/?basemap=b1&category=histtopo,ustopo&title=Map%20View|format = GeoPDF |type = Topographic map |series = 7.5 Minute Series |scale = 1:24,000 |location = Reston, VA |publisher = [[United States Geological Survey]]|access-date = October 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Draft: Level III and IV Ecoregions of the Northwestern United States| publisher = [[U.S. Environmental Protection Agency]]| date = May 15, 2002| url = https://cascadiaunderground.org/cascadia-ecoregions-map/| access-date = July 29, 2020}}</ref> Lake Coeur d'Alene is a natural dam-controlled lake that is {{convert|25|mi}} long and {{convert|1|mi}} to {{convert|3|mi}} wide and fed by the [[Coeur d'Alene River|Coeur d'Alene]] and [[Saint Joe River|Saint Joe]] rivers.<ref>{{cite web| last = Schultz| first = Jule| title = Coeur d'Alene Lake: The Good, The Bad, and The Ugly| publisher = Spokane Riverkeeper| date = August 14, 2018| url = https://www.spokaneriverkeeper.org/riverjournal/2018/8/13/coeur-dalene-lake-the-good-the-bad-and-the-ugly| access-date = August 12, 2020}}</ref> Although the Post Falls Dam on the Spokane River near [[Post Falls, Idaho|Post Falls]] controls the lake levels, the lake is usually kept at natural levels from January to June.<ref>{{cite web| title = Is Coeur d'Alene Lake a Reservoir or Lake?| publisher = Avista Corporation| url = https://www.myavista.com/connect/articles/2018/05/true-or-false| access-date = August 12, 2020}}</ref> To the immediate southeast is Fernan Lake and to the northeast of the city is [[Hayden Lake]] and even further northeast in northern Kootenai County is [[Lake Pend Oreille]], which is among the largest and deepest natural lakes in the western United States with a surface area of {{convert|85960|acre|km2}} and maximum depth of {{convert|1152|ft}}.<ref name=TopoView/><ref>{{cite web| title = Lake Pend Oreille Idaho| publisher = Idaho Washington Aquifer Collaborative| url = https://www.iwac.us/protect-our-waters/inland-empire-lakes/lake-pend-oreille-idaho/| access-date = October 9, 2020}}</ref> These lakes, like others in the [[Spokane Valley]] and [[Rathdrum Prairie]], were formed by the [[Missoula Floods]], which ended 12,000 to 15,000 years ago.<ref>{{cite report| last= Breckenridge| first= Roy M.| date= May 1993| title= Glacial Lake Missoula and the Spokane Floods| url= http://www.idahogeology.org/PDF/GeoNotes_(G)/geonote_26.pdf| publisher= Idaho Geological Survey| series= GeoNotes| volume= 26| access-date= November 29, 2011| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120426010742/http://www.idahogeology.org/PDF/GeoNotes_(G)/geonote_26.pdf| archive-date= April 26, 2012| url-status= dead}}</ref> The [[Coeur d'Alene Mountains]] of the [[Bitterroot Range]] rise to the east of the city to a maximum elevation of {{convert|7352|ft}} at Cherry Peak.<ref>{{cite web| title = Cour d'Alene Mountains| publisher = Peakbagger.com| url = https://www.peakbagger.com/range.aspx?rid=14310| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref>

The wooded lands east of the city, the [[Coeur d'Alene National Forest]], have been designated for protection and management by the [[Idaho Panhandle National Forests]]. These thick forests include groves of [[Old-growth forest|ancient]] [[Thuja plicata|western redcedar]] and host over 300 wildlife species including [[Boreal woodland caribou|woodland caribou]], [[Canada lynx]], [[grizzly bear]], and [[Wolf|wolves]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Our Forests: Idaho Panhandle National Forest| publisher = [[National Forest Foundation]]| url = https://www.nationalforests.org/our-forests/find-a-forest/idaho-panhandle-national-forest| access-date = November 20, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Wildlife of the Idaho Panhandle National Forests| publisher = [[United States Forest Service]]| url = https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/ipnf/learning/?cid=fsm9_019205| access-date = November 20, 2021}}</ref> The large lakes in the Idaho panhandle attract birds on the [[Pacific Flyway]], and [[bird watching]] is popular on Lake Coeur d'Alene, especially from November to February when [[bald eagles]] come annually to feed on the spawning [[Kokanee salmon|kokanee]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Lake Coeur d'Alene Eagle Watch| publisher = [[Bureau of Land Management]]| url = https://www.blm.gov/programs/fish-and-wildlife/wildlife/about/idaho/lake-coeurdalene-eagle-watch| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Hardy| first = Madison| title = Wildlife lovers enjoy osprey cruise on Lake Coeur d'Alene| newspaper = [[Coeur d'Alene Press]]| date = July 12, 2020| url = https://cdapress.com/news/2020/jul/12/wildlife-lovers-enjoy-osprey-cruise-on-lake-5/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> The Cougar Bay Nature Preserve on the northeast portion of Lake Coeur d'Alene is the closest and most accessible [[nature preserve]] for wildlife viewing, as it is located a few minutes from downtown Coeur d'Alene.<ref>{{cite web| title = Cougar Bay Preserve| publisher = [[The Nature Conservancy]]| url = https://www.nature.org/en-us/get-involved/how-to-help/places-we-protect/cougar-bay/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref>

Environmental concerns have come as a result of upstream hardrock [[Bunker Hill Mine and Smelting Complex#Environmental issues|mining and smelting operations in the Silver Valley]]. The Coeur d'Alene Basin, including Lake Coeur d'Alene, is polluted with heavy metals such as lead and was designated a [[superfund]] site in 1983 that spans {{convert|1500|sqmi|sqkm|2}} and {{convert|166|mi}} of the Coeur d'Alene River.<ref>{{cite web| title = Superfund Site: Bunker Hill Mining & Metallurgical Complex| publisher = U.S. Environmental Protection Agency| url = https://cumulis.epa.gov/supercpad/SiteProfiles/index.cfm?fuseaction=second.Cleanup&id=1000195#bkground| access-date = October 29, 2020}}</ref> The majority of the lake bed is covered in a layer of contaminated sediment and local health officials at the Panhandle Health District advise the lake's visitors to wash anything that has come into contact with potentially lead-laced soil or dust in the Coeur d'Alene River basin.<ref>{{cite journal| last = Benson| first = Emily| title = A dangerous cocktail threatens the gem of North Idaho| journal = [[High Country News]]| volume = 11| issue = 51| date = June 24, 2019| url = https://www.hcn.org/issues/45.8/how-right-wing-emigrants-conquered-north-idaho| access-date = October 29, 2020}}</ref>
{{Clear}}

====Landscape====
{{wide image|2008-1018-022-CoeurdAlene-Pan1.JPG|1300px|Panorama of Coeur d'Alene from the Cougar Bay Nature Preserve with [[Lake Coeur d'Alene]] in the foreground and [[Coeur d'Alene Mountains]] in the background}}

===Climate===
[[File:Mist on Lake Coeur d'Alene, ID. (31542918598).jpg|thumb|[[Fog#Types|Lake effect fog]] over Coeur d'Alene]]
Coeur d'Alene has, depending on the definition, a [[Continental Mediterranean climate|dry-summer continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dsb'') or a [[Mediterranean climate#Temperature|warm-summer Mediterranean climate]] (''Csb''), characterized by a cold, moist climate in winter, and very warm, dry conditions in summer.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Beck |first1=Hylke E. |last2=Zimmermann |first2=Niklaus E. |last3=McVicar |first3=Tim R. |last4=Vergopolan |first4=Noemi |last5=Berg |first5=Alexis |author6-link=Eric Franklin Wood |last6=Wood |first6=Eric F. |title=Present and future Köppen-Geiger climate classification maps at 1-km resolution |journal=Scientific Data |date=October 30, 2018 |volume=5 |pages=180214 |doi=10.1038/sdata.2018.214 |pmid=30375988 |pmc=6207062 |language=En |issn=2052-4463|bibcode=2018NatSD...580214B}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene Climate| publisher = Climate-Data.org| url = https://en.climate-data.org/north-america/united-states-of-america/idaho/coeur-d-alene-15962/| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> The daily mean temperature ranges from {{convert|31.2|F|1}} in January and December to {{convert|70.1|F|1}} in July.<ref name=NOAA/> Temperatures exceed {{convert|90|F|0}} on 18.3 days per year, only occasionally reaching {{convert|100|F|0}}, and there may be several nights below {{convert|10|°F|0}}.<ref name = NOAA/> The average first and last freezes of the season are October 17 and April 28, respectively. The city straddles the border between [[Hardiness zone|USDA Plant Hardiness Zones]] 6B and 7A.<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene, Idaho Hardiness Zone Map| publisher = PlantMaps| url = https://www.plantmaps.com/hardiness-zones-for-coeur-dalene-idaho| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> The Spokane–Coeur d'Alene area has many [[microclimate]]s that can have different weather patterns and observations from the nearby official reporting stations used by the National Weather Service due to the diversity of the topography and other factors. For instance, northern Idaho experiences more precipitation in rain and snow than eastern Washington from weather systems originating from the Pacific Ocean because it is on the [[Rain shadow|windward side]] of the [[Bitterroot Range|Rocky Mountains]].<ref name=Mann>{{cite web| last = Mann| first = Randy| title = Microclimates cause wide differences throughout region| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = December 20, 2012| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2012/dec/20/microclimates-cause-wide-differences-throughout/| access-date = September 30, 2020}}</ref> Average annual rainfall is {{convert|25|in|cm}} and the average annual snowfall is {{convert|46|in|cm}}.<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene| publisher = [[Western Regional Climate Center]]| url = https://wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?id1956| access-date = November 20, 2021}}</ref> Northern Idaho weather is influenced by both maritime and continental weather systems. Moist air masses from the coast are released as precipitation over the [[North Central Rockies forests]], creating the [[North American inland temperate rainforest]], and dry air masses from Canada and the [[Great Plains]] contribute to dry summer months.<ref>{{cite web| last =Woodward| first = Susan L.| title = Inland Rainforests of the Northwest| publisher = Radford University| date= 2012–2015| url = https://php.radford.edu/~swoodwar/biomes/?page_id=2286| access-date = May 4, 2021}}</ref> Coeur d'Alene can have noticeably milder nights and cooler days due to the moderating effect on the climate of large bodies of water such as Lake Coeur d'Alene.<ref name=Mann/>

{{Weather box
| collapsed = yes
| location = Coeur d'Alene, Idaho (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1895–present)
| single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 60
| Feb record high F = 62
| Mar record high F = 74
| Apr record high F = 94
| May record high F = 98
| Jun record high F = 108
| Jul record high F = 108
| Aug record high F = 109
| Sep record high F = 102
| Oct record high F = 88
| Nov record high F = 71
| Dec record high F = 60
| year record high F = 
| Jan avg record high F = 49.4
| Feb avg record high F = 51.3
| Mar avg record high F = 62.7
| Apr avg record high F = 74.0
| May avg record high F = 83.6
| Jun avg record high F = 88.5
| Jul avg record high F = 96.1
| Aug avg record high F = 96.3
| Sep avg record high F = 89.1
| Oct avg record high F = 74.9
| Nov avg record high F = 58.4
| Dec avg record high F = 49.2
| year avg record high F = 97.7
| Jan high F = 36.2
| Feb high F = 40.7
| Mar high F = 48.4
| Apr high F = 56.2
| May high F = 65.8
| Jun high F = 72.1
| Jul high F = 82.8
| Aug high F = 83.0
| Sep high F = 73.7
| Oct high F = 58.4
| Nov high F = 44.2
| Dec high F = 36.1
| year high F = 58.1
| Jan mean F = 31.2
| Feb mean F = 33.6
| Mar mean F = 39.5
| Apr mean F = 46.4
| May mean F = 55.1
| Jun mean F = 61.5
| Jul mean F = 70.1
| Aug mean F = 69.5
| Sep mean F = 61.0
| Oct mean F = 48.6
| Nov mean F = 37.9
| Dec mean F = 31.2
| year mean F = 48.8
| Jan low F = 26.2
| Feb low F = 26.5
| Mar low F = 30.7
| Apr low F = 36.7
| May low F = 44.3
| Jun low F = 50.9
| Jul low F = 57.3
| Aug low F = 56.0
| Sep low F = 48.3
| Oct low F = 38.7
| Nov low F = 31.6
| Dec low F = 26.3
| year low F = 39.5
| Jan avg record low F = 10.8
| Feb avg record low F = 13.5
| Mar avg record low F = 19.0
| Apr avg record low F = 27.7
| May avg record low F = 33.3
| Jun avg record low F = 42.1
| Jul avg record low F = 48.1
| Aug avg record low F = 47.0
| Sep avg record low F = 37.6
| Oct avg record low F = 26.3
| Nov avg record low F = 19.7
| Dec avg record low F = 12.8
| year avg record low F = 4.6
| Jan record low F = −30
| Feb record low F = −27
| Mar record low F = −13
| Apr record low F = 5
| May record low F = 21
| Jun record low F = 28
| Jul record low F = 36
| Aug record low F = 32
| Sep record low F = 17
| Oct record low F = 2
| Nov record low F = −13
| Dec record low F = −26
| year record low F = 
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 3.21
| Feb precipitation inch = 2.11
| Mar precipitation inch = 2.68
| Apr precipitation inch = 1.91
| May precipitation inch = 2.14
| Jun precipitation inch = 2.17
| Jul precipitation inch = 0.73
| Aug precipitation inch = 0.77
| Sep precipitation inch = 0.81
| Oct precipitation inch = 2.02
| Nov precipitation inch = 3.34
| Dec precipitation inch = 3.47
| year precipitation inch = 25.36
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.2
| Nov snow inch = 2.1
| Dec snow inch = 9.3
| Jan snow inch = 10.0
| Feb snow inch = 4.1
| Mar snow inch = 2.2
| Apr snow inch = 0.1
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| year snow inch = 28.0
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 14.4
| Feb precipitation days = 11.1
| Mar precipitation days = 12.6
| Apr precipitation days = 11.3
| May precipitation days = 11.1
| Jun precipitation days = 9.1
| Jul precipitation days = 3.8
| Aug precipitation days = 3.5
| Sep precipitation days = 6.0
| Oct precipitation days = 11.1
| Nov precipitation days = 14.8
| Dec precipitation days = 13.2
| year precipitation days = 122.0
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.0
| Nov snow days = 1.3
| Dec snow days = 4.4
| Jan snow days = 4.5
| Feb snow days = 2.3
| Mar snow days = 1.3
| Apr snow days = 0.2
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| year snow days = 14.1

|source 1 = NOAA<ref name = NOAA>
{{cite web
|url = https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&stations=USC00101956&format=pdf&dataTypes=MLY-TMAX-NORMAL,MLY-TMIN-NORMAL,MLY-TAVG-NORMAL,MLY-PRCP-NORMAL,MLY-SNOW-NORMAL
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|title = U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access – Station: Coeur d'Alene, ID
|access-date = March 8, 2023
}}
</ref><ref>
{{cite web
|url = https://xmacis.rcc-acis.org/
|publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
|title = xmACIS2
|access-date = August 9, 2023
}}
</ref>
}}

===Cityscape===
====Neighborhoods====
{{See also|National Register of Historic Places listings in Kootenai County, Idaho}}
[[File:Clark Mansion-Hayden-ID1.jpg|thumb|alt=The Clark House built in 1912 by F. Lewis Clark south of Hayden Lake|The [[Clark House (Clarksville, Idaho)|Clark House]], built in 1912 by [[Disappearance of F. Lewis Clark|F. Lewis Clark]], south of [[Hayden Lake]]]]

As Coeur d'Alene has grown from a fort town, different neighborhoods and suburbs have grown around it.<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene, ID| publisher = NeighborhoodScout| url = https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/id/coeur-dalene| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> The downtown city center of Coeur d'Alene is in the southeast of the urban area as the presence of Hayden Lake and Lake Fernan and the Coeur d'Alene mountains inhibit development to the east and Lake Coeur d'Alene and the Spokane River limit development to the south and southwest. Historic additions from the early 1900s were added close to the city center a few blocks from downtown, such as on East Sherman Avenue, East Lakeshore Drive near Sanders Beach, and near present-day City Park.<ref>Singletary (2019), pp. 50–51</ref> Today, the city has many neighborhoods, the largest being Coeur d'Alene city center, [[Post Falls, Idaho|Post Falls]] and [[Hayden, Idaho|Hayden]]. The Coeur d'Alene city center has several parks and attractions and as a community gathering place, it has heavy foot traffic on fair weather summer weekends.

The largest building in the city, the {{convert|216|ft|adj=on}} Coeur d'Alene Resort Lake Tower, is in the city center. The downtown area is of increasing interest to higher density multifamily apartment and condominium-type developments to cope with the growth in housing demand and due to a lack of space and concerns about [[Californication (word)|urban sprawl]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene| publisher = [[Emporis]]| url = https://www.emporis.com/city/101953/coeur-d-alene-id-usa| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150511191602/http://www.emporis.com/city/101953/coeur-d-alene-id-usa| url-status = usurped| archive-date = May 11, 2015| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Criscione| first = Wilson| title = As Kootenai County grows, can it preserve what makes it attractive in the first place?| newspaper = Inlander| date = January 23, 2020| url = https://www.inlander.com/spokane/as-kootenai-county-grows-can-it-preserve-what-makes-it-attractive-in-the-first-place/Content?oid=18968975| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref>

Investment in residential and retail development has been intensive along the Interstate 90 corridor and has made Post Falls near the Washington state line become Kootenai County's second largest city. Due to its central location between Spokane and Coeur d'Alene, the city is host to a growing list of retail stores and is considered a [[bedroom community]] of Spokane.

The historic Post Falls Dam and surrounding Falls Park on the Spokane River is a local landmark. Hayden is the third largest city in the Coeur d'Alene metropolitan area, and it is known for the eponymous Hayden Lake that was once the historic center of the community. The shores of the lake are filled with summer cabins and large mansions. The historic Hayden Lake Country Club, which lies at the center of the [[Hayden Lake, Idaho|Hayden Lake]] community, was built in 1907 along with a rail connection with the [[Spokane and Inland Empire Railroad]] that same year, which brought in many tourists to the resort and Honeysuckle Beach.<ref>Dahlgren et al. (2009), pp. 122–123</ref>

With the rising use of the automobile, the center of town shifted away from the lake and railroad and reoriented toward Government Way.<ref>Dahlgren et al. (2009), p. 116</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1890= 491
|1900= 508
|1910= 7291
|1920= 6447
|1930= 8297
|1940= 10049
|1950= 12198
|1960= 14291
|1970= 16228
|1980= 19913
|1990= 24563
|2000= 34514
|2010= 44137
|2020= 54628
|estyear=2022
|estimate=56733
|estref=<ref name="USCensusEst2022">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/data/tables/time-series/demo/popest/2020s-total-cities-and-towns.html |date=January 15, 2024|title=City and Town Population Totals: 2020-2022|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=January 15, 2024}}</ref>
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|author=United States Census Bureau|author-link=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=February 15, 2014}}</ref><br>2020 Census<ref name="2020 Census (City)"/>
}}

===2020 U.S. Decennial Census===
As of the [[2020 United States census|census of 2020]], there were 54,628 people and 22,699 households residing in the city. Coeur d'Alene and its [[Metropolitan Statistical Area]] (MSA), which consists of Kootenai County, have been combined by the Census Bureau into the [[Spokane–Coeur d'Alene Combined Statistical Area]] (CSA) where it is the third-largest polity after Spokane and its largest suburb, [[Spokane Valley, Washington|Spokane Valley]].<ref name=PopEstCSA>{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/technical-documentation/research/evaluation-estimates/2020-evaluation-estimates/2010s-totals-metro-and-micro-statistical-areas.html|title=Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Totals: 2010–2020|work=2020 Population Estimates|publisher=United States Census Bureau, Population Division|access-date=June 23, 2021|date=June 23, 2021}}</ref> The population of the CSA was 745,213 in 2020.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://censusreporter.org/profiles/33000US518-spokane-spokane-valley-coeur-dalene-wa-id-csa/|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=June 9, 2019|title=Census Reporter: Spokane-Spokane Valley-Coeur d'Alene, WA-ID CSA}}</ref> The principal cities in the CSA are separated by suburbs that largely follow the path of Spokane Valley and Rathdrum Prairie. The City of Coeur d'Alene has opted not to voluntarily merge with the Spokane MSA and to remain a distinct metropolitan area.<ref name=CSA>{{cite web| last = McLean| first = Mike| title = Spokane metropolitan statistical area breaks into top 100 nationwide| newspaper = Spokane Journal of Business| date = December 19, 2013| url = https://www.spokanejournal.com/local-news/spokane-metro-area-hits-top-100/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> According to [[Office of Management and Budget]] (OMB) guidelines, the two MSAs will automatically be combined by the OMB when the employment interchange exceeds 25 percent; in 2011, 18 percent of residents commuted between Spokane and Kootenai counties for work.<ref name=CSA/>

===2010 United States Decennial Census===
As of the [[2010 United States census|census of 2010]], there were 44,137 people, 18,395 households, and 10,813 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2834.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 20,219 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1298.6|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 93.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.4% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 1.2% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.8% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.1% [[Race (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.9% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] people of any race were 4.3% of the population.

There were 18,395 households, of which 29.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.2% were married couples living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 41.2% were non-families. 31.4% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.92. The median age in the city was 35.4 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 11.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.7% were from 25 to 44; 24% were from 45 to 64; and 14.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 48.6% male and 51.4% female.

===Religion===
[[File:St Thomas Catholic Church-CDA-ID.jpg|thumb|left|upright|alt=St. Thomas Catholic Church|[[St. Thomas Catholic Church (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho)|St. Thomas Catholic Church]]]]

According to the 2010 Metro Area Membership Report of the [[Association of Religion Data Archives]], the denominational affiliations of the Coeur d'Alene MSA (Kootenai County) are 60,657 [[Evangelicalism|Evangelical Protestant]], 3,064 [[Mainline Protestant]], 7,597 [[Catholicism|Catholic]], 162 [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Orthodox]], 8,492 Other, and 58,522 Unclaimed.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kootenai County (Idaho) |work=Metro-Area Membership Report |publisher=The [[Association of Religion Data Archives]], Pennsylvania State University |year=2010 |url=http://www.thearda.com/rcms2010/rcms2010a.asp?U=16055&T=county&Y=2010&S=Name |access-date=July 28, 2020}}</ref> Idaho is part of a region called the [[Unchurched Belt]], a region in the Northwestern United States that has historically low rates of religious participation. The evangelical Christian community has been growing with the overall population and there have been instances of whole congregations moving to the area from out of state.<ref name=HCN/> The evangelical Christian [[Real Life Ministries]] church located in Post Falls was the 13th fastest growing church in the nation in 2007.<ref name="101f">{{Cite web|url=http://www.outreachmagazine.com/docs/top100_2007_fastest.pdf |title=101 Fastest-Growing U.S. Churches(#13) |access-date=March 10, 2008 |date=October 8, 2007 |work=2007 [[Outreach (magazine)|Outreach Magazine]] Report |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080920170132/http://www.outreachmagazine.com/docs/top100_2007_fastest.pdf |archive-date=September 20, 2008}}</ref>

Many new residents are retirees seeking lower cost of living and traffic; the number of residents aged 65 years and older doubled from 2001 to 2019 according to the [[Idaho Department of Labor]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Nellis |first=Natasha |title=North Idaho looks to accommodate influx of retirees |newspaper=Spokane Journal of Business |date=April 9, 2020 |url=https://www.spokanejournal.com/local-news/north-idaho-looks-to-accommodate-influx-of-retirees/ |access-date=August 8, 2020}}</ref>

===Crime===
{{Infobox UCR
|city_name= Coeur d'Alene
|year= 2022
|violent_crime= 177
|homicide= 1
|rape= 54
|robbery= 14
|aggravated_assault= 108
|property_crime= 595
|arson= 9
|burglary= 72
|larceny_theft= 478
|motor_vehicle_theft= 36
|source_url= https://cde.ucr.cjis.gov/LATEST/webapp/#/pages/explorer/crime/crime-trend
|source_name= 2022 FBI UCR Data
|notes= 2022 population: 56,733
}}

According to the [[National Incident-Based Reporting System]], the Coeur d'Alene metro area (Kootenai County) crime rate per 100,000 population was 4,864 in 2018, which was lower than the Idaho state average of 5,032.<ref>{{cite web|title=Crime Comparison (NIBRS) |publisher=Kootenai County, ID |date=November 15, 2019 |url=https://www.kcgov.us/826/Crime-Comparison-NIBRS |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref> The county has a property crime rate of 12.88 and a violent crime rate of 1.59 per 1,000 people in the 2018 [[Uniform Crime Reports]] summary, which is lower than the Idaho state average of 14.61 and 2.27 respectively.<ref>{{cite web|title=Property Crime Comparison (UCR SRS Data) |publisher=Kootenai County, ID |date=November 14, 2019 |url=https://www.kcgov.us/821/Property-Crime-Comparison |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Violent Crime Comparison (UCR SRS Data) |publisher=Kootenai County, ID |date=November 14, 2019 |url=https://www.kcgov.us/820/Violent-Crime-Comparison |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref> According to [[NeighborhoodScout]]'s methodology, the city has a crime index of 24, meaning it is safer than 24 percent of US cities, and has a property and violent crime rate slightly above the Idaho state average but still below the national median in both categories.<ref>{{cite web|title=Crime Rates: Coeur d'Alene, ID Crime Analytics |publisher=[[NeighborhoodScout]] |url=https://www.neighborhoodscout.com/id/coeur-dalene/crime |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:July4FestivalCDA.jpg|thumb|left|alt=Fourth of July Festival in City Park|Fourth of July Festival in City Park]]

Historically, the economy of Coeur d'Alene was built and based on mining and logging and the Coeur d'Alene Mining District has been one of the world's most productive mining districts.<ref>{{cite web|last=Higgs |first=Robert |title=Coasian Contracts in the Coeur d'Alene Mining District |work=Working Paper #52 |publisher=[[Independent Institute]] |date=June 2, 2004 |url=http://www.independent.org/publications/working_papers/article.asp?id=1337 |access-date=March 6, 2009 |archive-date=June 15, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100615183125/http://independent.org/publications/working_papers/article.asp?id=1337 |url-status=dead}}</ref> However, after mining and logging diminished in importance in the 1940s, tourism has come to be the main influence in the local economy ever since. The city has become a major tourist attraction, being at the heart of north Idaho's Lake Country where people partake in water sports and activities such as [[wake boarding]], [[paddleboarding]], sailing, [[parasailing]], [[jet ski]]ing, [[kayaking]], fishing and other lake recreation.<ref>{{cite web|last=Peterson |first=Lucas |title=An Outdoor Wonderland Around the Washington-Idaho Border |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 13, 2017 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/13/travel/washington-idaho-fishing-restaurants-budget.html |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref> In addition to the natural attractions and parks, the Coeur d'Alene area has two major resorts on the lake, the [[Coeur d'Alene Resort]] and the [[RCI (company)|WorldMark]] Arrow Point resort directly across the lake in [[Harrison, Idaho|Harrison]] near the community of Eddyville as well as the [[Coeur d'Alene Casino]] in [[Worley, Idaho|Worley]], and the Northwestern United States' largest theme park in the [[Silverwood Theme Park]] in [[Athol, Idaho|Athol]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Kramer |first=Becky |title=Resort a gamble that's still paying off |newspaper=The Spokesman-Review |date=May 3, 2006 |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2006/may/03/resort-a-gamble-thats-still-paying-off/ |access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=WorldMark Arrow Point #6366 |publisher=RCI, LLC |url=https://www.rci.com/resort-directory/resortDetails?resortCode=6366 |access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Podplesky |first=Azaria |title=Silverwood celebrates 30th anniversary with new additions, $19.88 tickets |newspaper=The Spokesman-Review |date=May 2, 2018 |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2018/may/02/silverwood-celebrates-30th-anniversary-with-1988-t/ |access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref> There are three major [[ski resort]]s within a short driving distance, [[Silver Mountain (Idaho)|Silver Mountain Resort]] in [[Kellogg, Idaho|Kellogg]], [[Lookout Pass Ski and Recreation Area]] at [[Lookout Pass]] near [[Mullan, Idaho|Mullan]], and [[Schweitzer Mountain|Schweitzer Mountain Ski Resort]] in [[Sandpoint, Idaho|Sandpoint]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Whitley |first=Amy |title=Idaho Panhandle: Three Days, Three Ski Resorts |magazine=OutdoorsNW |date=December 6, 2016 |url=https://www.outdoorsnw.com/2016/12/idaho-panhandle-three-days-three-ski-resorts/ |access-date=January 2, 2021}}</ref> Tourism and hospitality related jobs employed over 10,000 people in north Idaho in 2010.<ref name=IPW>{{cite web |title=Idaho Economic Outlook: Coeur d'Alene Tourism Boosts all of Idaho |magazine=Idaho Politics Weekly |date=July 19, 2015 |url=https://idahopoliticsweekly.com/business/457-idaho-economic-outlook-coeur-d-alene-tourism-boosts-all-of-idaho |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170506182841/http://idahopoliticsweekly.com/business/457-idaho-economic-outlook-coeur-d-alene-tourism-boosts-all-of-idaho |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 6, 2017 |access-date=July 24, 2020 }}</ref>

Coeur d'Alene is the healthcare, educational, media, manufacturing, retail and recreation center for north Idaho. Coeur d'Alene's retail has expanded greatly in recent years with the opening of new stores and entertainment venues; the [[Silver Lake Mall]], which is the largest in North Idaho, was opened in 1989.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 180</ref> Coeur d'Alene's Village at Riverstone development along Northwest Boulevard houses a park, amphitheater, 14-theater Regal Cinemas, a [[Hampton Inn]], condominiums, restaurants, and local retailers.<ref>{{cite web|title=Riverstone |publisher=City of Coeur d'Alene |url=https://www.cdaid.org/758/departments/parks/all-parks/riverstone |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref>

Companies that have their head offices in Coeur d'Alene include mining company and owner of the [[Lucky Friday mine]] in Mullan, [[Hecla Mining]] and the U.S. operations of Canada-based restaurant [[Pita Pit]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Hecla Mining Company |work=[[Reuters]] |url=https://www.reuters.com/companies/HL |access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The Pita Pit |publisher=Dun & Bradstreet |url=https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.the_pita_pit.18cf9211df9509d61aa4defed9659eb4.html |access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref> A knife manufacturer, [[Buck Knives]], is the most recognizable brand name in the area, where they relocated the head office and factory from [[San Diego]] to the Coeur d'Alene suburb of Post Falls in 2005.<ref>{{cite web|last=Cole |first=David |title=Buck Knives brings work back to U.S. |newspaper=Spokane Journal of Business |date=April 23, 2009 |url=https://www.spokanejournal.com/local-news/buck-knives-brings-work-back-to-us/|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref> Construction company and roller coaster manufacturer, [[Rocky Mountain Construction]] is based in Hayden.<ref>{{cite web|title=Rocky Mountain Construction Group, Inc. |publisher=Dun & Bradstreet |url=https://www.dnb.com/business-directory/company-profiles.rocky_mountain_construction_group_inc.5cdcf0a46ed949667aa61cd47990752f.html |access-date=January 2, 2021}}</ref> In 2017, the Coeur d'Alene metropolitan area had a gross metropolitan product of $5.93 billion.<ref>{{cite web|title=GDP & Personal Income |url=https://www.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?reqid=70&step=10&isuri=1&7001=2200&7002=2&7003=200&7004=NAICS&7005=1&7006=XX&7007=2010#reqid=70&step=10&isuri=1&7003=200&7035=-1&7004=naics&7005=-1&7006=44060&7036=-1&7001=2200&7002=2&7090=70&7007=2013,2010&7093=levels |publisher=[[United States Department of Commerce]]: Bureau of Economic Analysis |access-date=January 21, 2019 |archive-date=August 14, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814233827/https://www.bea.gov/iTable/iTable.cfm?reqid=70&step=10&isuri=1&7001=2200&7002=2&7003=200&7004=NAICS&7005=1&7006=XX&7007=2010#reqid=70&step=10&isuri=1&7003=200&7035=-1&7004=naics&7005=-1&7006=44060&7036=-1&7001=2200&7002=2&7090=70&7007=2013,2010&7093=levels |url-status=dead}}</ref> The Coeur d'Alene metropolitan area has a workforce of 80,000 people and an unemployment rate of 6.8% (as of June 2020); the largest sectors for non-farm employment are trade, transportation, and utilities, government, and education and health services as well as leisure and hospitality.<ref>{{cite web|title=Economy at a Glance |publisher=[[Bureau of Labor Statistics]] |url=https://www.bls.gov/eag/eag.id_coeurdalene_msa.htm |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref>

The average commute to work is 18.5 minutes.<ref name=commute/> Commuting across the state line into Washington is not uncommon. A concern for the city is that the rising [[Minimum wage in the United States|minimum wage]] and salary differential between Washington and Idaho will cause local personnel shortages.<ref>{{cite web|last=Fisher |first=Sharon |title=Like the rest of Idaho, Coeur d'Alene struggles with growth |newspaper=Idaho Business Review |date=June 27, 2019 |url=https://idahobusinessreview.com/2019/06/27/like-the-rest-of-idaho-coeur-dalene-struggles-with-growth/ |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref> In 2011, the Idaho state median hourly wage was $14.51 according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.<ref>{{cite web|last=Saunders |first=Emilie Ritter |title=As Idaho's Neighboring States Increase Minimum Wage, More Workers Could Seek Jobs Out Of State |work=[[Boise State Public Radio|StateImpact Idaho]] |publisher=NPR |date=January 2, 2013 |url=https://stateimpact.npr.org/idaho/2013/01/02/as-idahos-neighboring-states-increase-minimum-wage-more-workers-could-seek-jobs-out-of-state/ |access-date=October 25, 2020}}</ref>

==Arts and culture==
===Racism===
The [[Aryan Nations]] established their headquarters near Coeur d'Alene in the 1980s, and members of the group were frequently seen in the city. A successor group, Jerald O'Brien's Aryan Nations, is still based in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stevenson |first=Ian |date=March 27, 2024 |title=Idaho far-right figures cast doubt on reports of racial harassment in Coeur d’Alene |url=https://www.idahostatesman.com/news/northwest/idaho/article287117220.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |author=The Associated Press|agency=Associated Press |date=2009-04-18 |title=Aryan Nations resumes recruiting in Idaho |url=https://www.denverpost.com/2009/04/18/aryan-nations-resumes-recruiting-in-idaho/ |access-date=2024-12-28 |website=The Denver Post |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Akingba |first=Omotayo |last2=Idaho |first2=College of |title=Aryan Nations in Coeur d’Alene, Idaho - Is the state "Too Great for Hate?" |url=https://www.intermountainhistories.org/items/show/622 |access-date=2024-12-28 |website=Intermountain Histories |language=en-US}}</ref> Today, the city is a target of [[American Redoubt]]-related immigration.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Kustra |first=Bob |date=April 10, 2023 |title=Idaho at the epicenter of American Redoubt, white Christian nationalism movement |url=https://www.idahostatesman.com/opinion/opn-columns-blogs/article273997735.html |url-status=live |website=Idaho Statesman}}</ref>

In June 2022, 31 members of [[Patriot Front]], including leader [[Thomas Rousseau]], were arrested after appearing at the city's [[Pride parade]]. The group maintains an active presence in Coeur d'Alene.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Walters |first=Daniel |date=2024-02-12 |title=How North Idaho prosecutors lost the case against Patriot Front’s white nationalist leader • Idaho Capital Sun |url=https://idahocapitalsun.com/2024/02/12/how-north-idaho-prosecutors-lost-the-case-against-patriot-fronts-white-nationalist-leader/ |access-date=2024-12-29 |website=Idaho Capital Sun |language=en-US}}</ref>

In March 2024, during the [[2024 CAA women's basketball tournament|2024 NCAA Women's Basketball tournament]], local residents shouted racial slurs at players of the [[Utah Utes women's basketball|University of Utah Women's Basketball team]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-26 |title=Utah shaken after experiencing racism near hotel |url=https://www.espn.com/womens-college-basketball/story/_/id/39811783/utah-women-basketball-coach-lynne-roberts-says-team-experienced-racial-hate-crimes-hotel-stay-ncaa-tournament |access-date=2024-03-26 |website=ESPN.com |language=en}}</ref>

===Arts and theater===
The Coeur d'Alene area has a growing arts scene. The community has a symphony and theater productions from professional and community groups. The city has several art galleries, almost all displaying art located in the walkable downtown area along Sherman Avenue, Coeur d'Alene's main street.<ref>{{cite web|title=Art Galleries |publisher=Coeur d'Alene Convention & Visitor Bureau, Inc. |url=https://www.coeurdalene.org/play/arts-culture/galleries/ |access-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> Among the most prominent of these galleries is The Art Spirit Gallery.<ref>{{cite web|last=Scott |first=Chey |title=Artistic Destiny: Coeur d'Alene's Art Spirit Gallery's director navigates a changing arts landscape |newspaper=Inlander |date=November 28, 2018 |url=https://www.inlander.com/spokane/artistic-destiny/Content?oid=14855120 |access-date=September 19, 2020}}</ref> Art can also be seen outside for free.<ref>{{cite web|title=Arts Commission |publisher=City of Coeur d'Alene |url=https://www.cdaid.org/109/committees/arts-commission |access-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> Since 1999, the City of Coeur d'Alene has had a funding mechanism for public art where 1.33 percent of the total cost of all eligible above-ground capital improvement projects is earmarked to fund art in public places.<ref>{{cite web|title=Arts Commission: Frequently Asked Questions |publisher=City of Coeur d'Alene |url=https://www.cdaid.org/193/committees/arts/arts-commission-faq |access-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref>

In the musical arts, the Coeur d'Alene Symphony traces its roots to the late 1970s as a class at North Idaho College.<ref>{{cite web|last=Scozzaro |first=Carrie |title=New faces and community outreach help raise the profile of the 40-year-old Coeur d'Alene Symphony |newspaper=Inlander |date=September 19, 2019 |url=https://www.inlander.com/spokane/new-faces-and-community-outreach-help-raise-the-profile-of-the-40-year-old-coeur-dalene-symphony/Content?oid=18303432 |access-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> The symphony performs an annual free concert for the community on Labor Day in Coeur d'Alene City Park and also performs during the summer. Street artists and musicians frequent Sherman Square [[Street performance|performing for pedestrians]]. Theater arts are provided by the professional Coeur d'Alene Summer Theatre group and the community theater company, Lake City Playhouse.<ref>{{cite web|title=Theatre |publisher=Coeur d'Alene Convention & Visitor Bureau, Inc. |url=https://www.coeurdalene.org/play/arts-culture/theatre/ |access-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref> The city's primary performing arts venues are the Schuler Performing Arts Center within Boswell Hall at North Idaho College and the [[The Salvation Army Ray and Joan Kroc Center Coeur d'Alene|Kroc Center]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Schuler Performing Arts Center |newspaper=Inlander |url=https://www.inlander.com/spokane/schuler-performing-arts-center/Location?oid=2155033 |access-date=October 23, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Kroc Center |newspaper=Inlander |url=https://www.inlander.com/spokane/kroc-center/Location?oid=2155519 |access-date=November 8, 2020}}</ref>

===Museums===
[[File:Fort Sherman gate 2018.jpg|thumb|alt=Gate of Fort Sherman|Gate of [[Fort Sherman (Idaho)|Fort Sherman]]]]
{{See also|List of museums in Idaho}}

The Museum of North Idaho located in downtown Coeur d'Alene chronicles the history of the region. The museum was established in July 1973<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 153</ref> and permanent exhibits include "Schitsu'umsh, 'The People Who Were Discovered Here'", which explores the lives of the Coeur d'Alene people; "The Mullan Road", which commemorates Idaho's first road through the [[Fourth of July Pass]]; "The Scandinavians Settled Here", which examines the Nordic influences on Coeur d'Alene; and "Steamboats", which displays artifacts and photographs of the steamboats that used to cruise the lake.<ref>{{cite web|title=Permanent Exhibits |publisher=Museum of North Idaho |url=https://museumni.org/exhibits-tours-events/permanent-exhibits/ |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref> The museum does walking tours of the Fort Sherman grounds and also rents out the Fort Sherman chapel, the oldest building in the city as a wedding venue.<ref>{{cite web|title=Museum of North Idaho |magazine=[[Smithsonian (magazine)|Smithsonian]] |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/museumday/venues/museum/Museum-of-North-Idaho/ |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Fort Sherman Chapel |publisher=Museum of North Idaho |url=https://museumni.org/fort-sherman-chapel/ |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref>

===Events and activities===
[[File:2022PolarBearPlungeCDA.jpg|thumb|alt=The 2022 Polar Bear Plunge at Sanders Beach|The Polar Bear Plunge at Sanders Beach, 2022]]

Many of the community events and activities in Coeur d'Alene occur during the warm summer months and they often take place by the lake. Annual events include the Fourth of July Festival and the Holiday Light Show that begins at the end of November. Coeur d'Alene has been known for hosting big Fourth of July celebrations since its early days as a fort town. The Fourth of July Festival usually includes a parade down Sherman Avenue, food and craft vendors, carnival rides, and live music and entertainment.<ref>{{cite web|last=Podplesky |first=Azaria |title=Bursting with fun: Fourth of July celebrations across the Inland Northwest |newspaper=The Spokesman-Review |date=June 28, 2019 |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2019/jun/28/bursting-with-fun-fourth-of-july-celebrations-acro/ |access-date=August 8, 2020}}</ref> Many watch the fireworks by the waterfront and beach; the Coeur d'Alene resort offers fireworks cruises that depart from Independence Point. In the winter, the Holiday Light Show festivities begin at the end of November and the lights are on display until January 1. The event also begins with a parade down Sherman Avenue and ends with a fireworks show; the resort's light show features over 1.5 million bulbs, and the resort offers "Journey to the North Pole" cruises.<ref>{{cite web|last=Orcutt |first=April |title=Where to see the best holiday lights in the West |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=November 22, 2019 |url=https://www.latimes.com/travel/story/2019-11-22/best-holiday-lights-west |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Heading to the Coeur d'Alene Holiday Light Show? Better dress in layers! |publisher=KHQ |date=November 29, 2019 |url=https://www.khq.com/news/heading-to-the-coeur-dalene-holiday-light-show-better-dress-in-layers/article_f4dc7f04-12f7-11ea-9cb2-97131e22ac6a.html |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref> Another event in the winter months that often gets media attention is the [[Polar Bear Plunge]] every year on January 1 at noon, where event participants run into the cold waters of Lake Coeur d'Alene at Sanders Beach.<ref>{{cite web|last=Glover |first=Jonathan |title=Hundreds ring in New Year with icy dip in Lake Coeur d'Alene for Polar Bear Plunge |newspaper=The Spokesman-Review |date=January 2, 2019 |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2019/jan/02/hundreds-ring-in-new-year-with-icy-dip-in-lake-coe/ |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref>

One of the most well-attended events in the region combines Art on the Green, the Street Fair, and Taste of Coeur d'Alene, which are all held on the first weekend in August on the North Idaho College campus, downtown Coeur d'Alene, and City Park.<ref>{{cite web| title = Art on the Green 2019| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date= August 2, 2019| url = https://www.spokesman.com/galleries/2019/aug/02/art-on-the-green-2019/| access-date = September 28, 2020}}</ref> Art on the Green is an outdoor [[Arts festival|arts and crafts festival]], Street Fair is a shopping festival, and the Taste of Coeur d'Alene is a [[food festival]]; the combined annual attendance is about 60,000 people.<ref name=fairs>{{cite web| last = Northrup| first = Craig| title = Downtown Association cancels Street Fair| newspaper = Coeur d'Alene Press| date = July 3, 2020| url = https://cdapress.com/news/2020/jul/03/downtown-association-cancels-street-fair-5/#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20few%20remaining,run%20July%2031%20through%20Aug.| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> Other notable events include Brewfest and the North Idaho State Fair.<ref name=fairs/>

===Library===
[[File:Coeur d'Alene Public Library 2018.jpg|thumb|alt=Coeur d'Alene Public Library|Coeur d'Alene Public Library]]

Library services for the city of Coeur d'Alene are provided by two public libraries, the Coeur d'alene Public Library in downtown and the Lake City Public Library near Lake City High School.<ref>{{cite web| title = Library Hours & Location| publisher = Coeur d'Alene Public Library| url = http://www.cdalibrary.org/about/48-hours-and-directions| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Library Hours & Location| publisher = Lake City Public Library| url = http://www.lcplibrary.org/about/48-hours-and-directions| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The Community Library Network maintains seven libraries in the wider communities in Kootenai and Shoshone counties, including branches in Post Falls, Hayden, [[Rathdrum, Idaho|Rathdrum]], [[Spirit Lake, Idaho|Spirit Lake]], Athol, and Harrison.<ref>{{cite web| title = Facilities| publisher = Community Library Network| url = http://www.communitylibrary.net/drupal7/content/facilities| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> Public library services in the area trace their roots to the Coeur d'Alene Women's Club in October 1904 and its operations and funding responsibilities were taken over by the city in May 1909.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 56</ref>

==Sports==
[[File:IronmanCDA2013-101 (9441388726).jpg|thumb|[[Ironman Triathlon|Ironman]] Coeur d'Alene, 2013]]

Coeur d'Alene has become a destination for golf enthusiasts.<ref>{{cite web| last = Gavrich| first = Tim| title = Trip dispatch: Contrasting courses coax golfers to Coeur d'Alene| publisher = Golf Advisor| date = July 8, 2019| url = https://www.golfadvisor.com/articles/trip-dispatch-contrasting-courses-coax-golfers-to-coeur-dalene| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene Golf Guide| publisher = GolfTrips.com| url = https://www.golftrips.com/destinations/coeurdalene.cfm| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The city is home to five golf courses and there are another eight more within {{convert|20|mi}}.<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur D Alene, Idaho Golf Courses| publisher = GolfLink| url = https://www.golflink.com/golf-courses/id/coeur-d-alene/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> [[Coeur d'Alene Resort|Coeur d'Alene Resort Golf Course]] features the world's only movable floating green.<ref>{{cite web| last = Flemma| first =Jay| title = The Floating Green at Coeur D'Alene – Still a Wonder of the Golf World| publisher = The Golf Course Trades| date = May 23, 2018| url = https://golfcoursetrades.com/the-floating-green-at-coeur-dalene-still-a-wonder-of-the-golf-world/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Olito| first = Frank| title = The most famous hotel in every state| publisher = [[Insider Inc.]]| date = October 22, 2019| url = https://www.insider.com/famous-hotel-in-every-state-2019-8#idaho-coeur-dalene-resort-12| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> There is also the [[Circling Raven Golf Club]] at the Coeur d'Alene Casino resort,<ref>{{cite web| last = Shepherd| first = Dan| title = Golf Digest Magazine Ranks Circling Raven No. 17 Nationwide Among its 'America's 100 Greatest Public Courses Re-Ranked by Price'| publisher = The Golf Wire| date = August 25, 2009| url = https://thegolfwire.com/205090-2/| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> as well as several other private courses nearby, such the [[Tom Fazio]]-designed Gozzer Ranch.<ref>{{cite web| title = Gozzer Ranch Golf & Lake Club| work = Golf Digest| date = January 3, 2019| url = https://www.golfdigest.com/story/gozzer-ranch-golf-and-lake-club| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Gozzer Ranch Golf & Lake Club| publisher = Top100GolfCourses| url = https://www.top100golfcourses.com/golf-course/gozzer-ranch| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref>

Coeur d'Alene hosts some sporting events, and the event that receives the most attention is most likely the Ironman Coeur d'Alene. The [[Ironman Triathlon]] alternates between full- and half-distance Ironman events on a rotating basis from year to year.<ref>{{cite web| last = Collingwood| first = Ryan| title = Full Ironman race announces return to Coeur d'Alene in 2021| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = November 21, 2019| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2019/nov/21/full-ironman-race-announces-return-to-coeur-dalene/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The course takes athletes through a {{convert|2.4|mi|km|adj=on}} double-loop swim in Lake Coeur d'Alene before transitioning to a {{convert|112|mi|km|adj=on}} double-loop bike course that is routed along the lake and then through the countryside, ending in a {{convert|26.2|mi|km|adj=on}} multiple-loop run through McEuen Park to a finish in downtown on Sherman Ave.<ref>{{cite web| author = Gary| title = Return of full distance IRONMAN to Coeur d'Alene in 2021| publisher = EnduranceBusiness.com| date = November 22, 2019| url = https://endurancebusiness.com/2019/industry-news/return-of-full-distance-ironman-to-coeur-dalene-in-2021/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> Other less intense and rigorous athletic events in town include the {{convert|15|-|108|mi|abbr=on}} Coeur d'Fondo bike race<ref>{{cite web| last = Landers| first = Rich| title = 2017 Northwest Bicycling Events Calendar| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = July 11, 2017| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2017/apr/05/2017-northwest-bicycling-events-calendar/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> and the Coeur d'Alene Crossing, a {{convert|2.4|mi|km|adj=on}} swimming challenge in which participants attempt to cross the lake.<ref>{{cite web| last = Hales| first = Susan| title = The Coeur d'Alene Crossing (August 13)| magazine = Out There Monthly| date = July 15, 2017| url = https://outthereoutdoors.com/the-coeur-dalene-crossing-august-13/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The Coeur d'Alene marathon is held annually at the end of May on the North Idaho Centennial Trail.<ref>{{cite web| last = Hill| first = Kip| title = Not breaking stride: CdA, Windermere marathons to take place with distancing measures| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = August 20, 2020| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2020/aug/20/not-breaking-stride-cda-windermere-marathons-to-ta/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref>

In amateur baseball, Coeur d'Alene fields a team in the [[American Legion Baseball]] league, the CDA Lumbermen.<ref>{{cite web| title = CDA Lumbermen AA 2021 Baseball Team| publisher = The American Legion| url = https://www.legion.org/baseball/teams/2021/id/3023893| access-date = June 13, 2021}}</ref> In high school team sports, there is an annual rivalry game between the Coeur d'Alene High School Vikings and Lake City High School Timberwolves called the "Fight for the Fish".<ref>{{cite web| last = Nichols| first = Dave| title = Fight for the Fish: Lake City sweeps Coeur d'Alene in North Idaho rivalry games| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = January 10, 2020| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2020/jan/10/fight-for-the-fish-lake-city-sweeps-coeur-dalene-i/| access-date = September 27, 2020}}</ref> The schools are the only two public high schools in the city and both compete in Idaho's [[Idaho High School Activities Association#5A Conferences|Inland Empire League]]. The city is also home to [[Kyle Manzardo]], professional baseball player for the [[Cleveland Guardians]]

==Parks and recreation==
The natural environment is among the chief attractions in the Coeur d'Alene area. The biggest natural attractions and parks include [[Tubbs Hill]], City Park and Beach, and McEuen Park, all near downtown. Tubbs Hill is a {{convert|120|acre|adj=on}} park that is bordered by downtown Coeur d'Alene and McEuen Park to the north and the by Lake Coeur d'Alene on the south, east, and west sides.<ref>{{cite web| title = Tubbs Hill| publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene| url = https://www.cdaid.org/763/departments/parks/all-parks/tubbs-hill| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The park features a somewhat rugged {{convert|2.2|mi|km|adj=on}} interpretive trail that offers views of the lake and the city.<ref name=PW>{{cite web| last = Lane| first = Brad| title = 12 Top-Rated Attractions & Things to Do in Coeur d'Alene, ID| magazine = PlanetWare| date = February 1, 2019| url = https://www.planetware.com/idaho/top-rated-attractions-and-things-to-do-in-coeur-dalene-id-us-id-25.htm| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> People often [[cliff jumping|cliff jump]] into the lake from outcroppings in the park. City Park occupies {{convert|17|acre}} in total along the lake shore near downtown and features {{convert|16|acre}} of beach with a tree lined [[Esplanade|promenade]], beach volleyball courts, basketball courts, public drinking, restroom, and shower facilities, picnic tables, and a large picnic shelter for events, and a Fort Sherman themed playground for children.<ref name=PW/><ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene City Park| publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene| url = https://www.cdaid.org/735/departments/parks/all-parks/coeur-dalene-city-park| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> McEuen Park, which reopened in 2014 after a remodel, is a {{convert|22.5|acre|adj=on}} park just north of Tubbs Hill that has a large playground, children's climbing rock, [[splash pad]], two tennis/[[pickleball]] courts, four basketball courts, and an off leash dog park.<ref name=PW/> It also features a large pavilion and grassy [[amphitheater]] with concessions and restrooms for hosting large events as well as a boat launch and mooring facilities.<ref name=Maben>{{cite web| last = Maben| first = Scott| title = Contentious makeover of McEuen Park in CdA set for partial opening| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = April 26, 2014| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2014/apr/26/contentious-makeover-of-mceuen-park-in-cda-set| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = McEuen Park| publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene| url = https://www.cdaid.org/751| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> Other recreation facilities include the [[The Salvation Army Ray and Joan Kroc Center Coeur d'Alene|Kroc Center]], located near Ramsey Park just north of the Village at Riverstone, a multi-use venue with pool facilities and a fitness and recreation center.<ref>{{cite web| last = Haugen| first = Dick| title = Kroc Center opening in Coeur d'Alene| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = May 8, 2009| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2009/may/08/kroc-center-opening-coeur-dalene/| access-date = November 8, 2020}}</ref>

The [[North Idaho Centennial Trail]] passes through the city.

==Government==
{{see also|List of mayors of Coeur d'Alene, Idaho}}
[[File:KootenaiCountyCourthouse.jpg|thumb|alt=Kootenai County Courthouse|[[Kootenai County Courthouse]]]]
The community operates on a [[mayor–council government]], where the mayor and the six councilors are each elected to four-year terms and the mayor leads the city council meetings on the first and third Tuesday of each month at Coeur d'Alene City Hall.<ref>{{cite web| title = City Council| publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene| url = https://cdaid.org/15/departments/council| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Council Members| publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene| url = https://cdaid.org/140/departments/council/council-members| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> The city is also the [[county seat]] of [[Kootenai County, Idaho]].<ref name="GR6">{{cite web| title=Find a County| publisher=[[National Association of Counties]]| url= https://ce.naco.org/?county_info=16055 | access-date=October 12, 2020}}</ref>

At the state level, The City of Coeur d'Alene is within [[Idaho Legislative District 2]] and [[Idaho Legislative District 4]] for the [[Idaho House of Representatives]] and [[Idaho Senate]]. At the federal level, north Idaho is within [[Idaho's 1st congressional district]] and represented by [[Russ Fulcher]] in the [[United States House of Representatives]] and the state of Idaho by [[Mike Crapo]] and [[James Risch]] in the [[United States Senate]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Find Your Representative| publisher = U.S. House of Representatives| url = https://www.house.gov/representatives/find-your-representative| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Senators of the 116th Congress| publisher = senate.gov| url = https://www.senate.gov/general/contact_information/senators_cfm.cfm?OrderBy=state&Sort=ASC| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref>

Coeur d'Alene, like the state of Idaho as a whole, is known for its conservative politics.<ref>{{cite web| last = Blanchard| first = Nicole| title = These are the 20 most liberal places in Idaho| newspaper = [[Idaho Statesman]]| date = July 26, 2018| url = https://www.idahostatesman.com/news/politics-government/state-politics/article215493035.html| access-date = August 12, 2020}}</ref> The city and [[Kootenai County, Idaho|Kootenai County]] vote reliably conservative, and races at the federal and state level are often noncompetitive; local county and city partisan races are sometimes even uncontested.<ref name=SPR>{{cite web| title = State of the Re:Union – Coeur d'Alene and Ideology Migration| date = October 3, 2014| publisher = [[KPBX-FM|Spokane Public Radio]]| url = https://www.spokanepublicradio.org/post/state-reunion-coeur-dalene-and-ideology-migration#stream/0| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> The changing demographics of the county and region have altered the political landscape of the community and can be viewed as part of a nationwide ideological [[Political polarization|polarization]] trend.<ref name=HCN>{{cite journal| last = Crane-Murdoch| first = Sierra| title = How right-wing emigrants conquered North Idaho| journal = [[High Country News]]| volume = 8| issue = 45| date = May 20, 2013| url = https://www.hcn.org/issues/45.8/how-right-wing-emigrants-conquered-north-idaho| access-date = August 8, 2020}}</ref> North Idaho had once been made up of largely [[Lunch pail Democrat|progressive]] districts populated by a significant proportion of union laborers who worked the mines in the [[Shoshone County, Idaho|Silver Valley]]; these districts moderated, particularly in the 1980s, after mine and mill closures and [[Right-to-work law|union busting]], and they had more competitive elections until the late 20th century.<ref name=HCN/><ref name=SPR/><ref>{{cite web| last = Siegler| first = Kirk| title = Leaving Urban Areas For The Political Homogeneity Of Rural Towns| publisher = [[NPR]]| series = [[Morning Edition]]| date = February 14, 2017| url = https://www.npr.org/2017/02/14/512875545/leaving-urban-areas-for-the-political-homogeneity-of-rural-towns| access-date = August 14, 2020}}</ref><ref name =BF>{{cite web| last = Petersen| first = Anne Helen| title = Here's What Happens When Republicans Have No One To Fight| publisher = [[BuzzFeed News]]| date = October 22, 2017| url = https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/annehelenpetersen/wackadoodles-north-idaho| access-date = August 14, 2020}}</ref> Coeur d'Alene is among a small group of cities in the United States that has elected a [[List of elected socialist mayors in the United States|socialist mayor]]; they elected John T. Wood, a [[Socialist Party of America]] member, to office in 1911 on a [[Sewer socialism|campaign platform]] of clean water, better health and sanitation standards, and anti-corruption.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 63</ref> Since the high-growth period beginning in the 1990s, continuing outmigration of conservatives from the [[Left Coast|west coast]] states has made elections in the [[two-party system]] less competitive over time as the newer residents see the city as a place that represents their social and political values, which are sometimes more conservative than the city as a whole.<ref name=SPR/><ref name=BF/> Many of the new migrants to the state of Idaho came from California, which accounted for over half the net in-migration between 1992 and 2000 and three of the top four counties that had out-migration to Kootenai County were from the birthplace of modern American [[Conservatism in the United States|conservatism]] in [[southern California]]–[[San Diego County, California|San Diego]], [[Los Angeles County, California|Los Angeles]], and [[Orange County, California|Orange]].<ref name=HCN/>

==Education==
The [[Coeur d'Alene School District]] serves around 11,000 students in 18 schools, including two traditional high schools, an alternative high school, three middle schools, eleven elementary schools, and a dropout retrieval school.<ref name=district271>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene Public Schools| publisher = Coeur d'Alene School District| url = https://www.cdaschools.org/domain/2359| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The first high school in the city, [[Coeur d'Alene High School]], had its first building to house the students completed in 1904<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 45</ref> and a second public high school, [[Lake City High School]], was opened in 1994. District students who qualify are also eligible for dual enrollment with [[North Idaho College]] and the [[University of Idaho]]. The district also has magnet schools that focus on specific curricula, such as the Sorensen Magnet School of the Arts and Humanities and Ramsey Magnet School of Science elementary schools and the Fernan STEM Academy, offering a [[science, technology, engineering, and mathematics|STEM]] focus.<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene Area Education Resources & Links| publisher = North Idaho Family Group| url = http://edinfocentercda.com/Blog-News-Links/categoryid/19/North-Idaho-Charter-Magnet-Schools| access-date = November 9, 2020}}</ref><ref name=district271/>
The district is the sixth-largest in the state and second-largest employer in Kootenai County.<ref>{{cite web| title = District Snapshot| publisher = Coeur d'Alene School District| url = https://www.cdaschools.org/Page/663| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> Coeur d'Alene also has a charter school, the [[Coeur d'Alene Charter Academy]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene Charter Academy| publisher = Idaho Public Charter School Commission| url = https://chartercommission.idaho.gov/schools/coeur-dalene-charter-academy/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> Private and [[Parochial school|parochial]] schools augment the public school system, such as the PK-8 grade [[Catholic school|Roman Catholic]] Holy Family Catholic School and the PK-8 grade [[Seventh-day Adventist education|Seventh-day Adventist]] Lake City Academy.<ref>{{cite web| title = Largest Private Schools in Coeur d'Alene| publisher = [[Niche (company)|Niche]]| url = https://www.niche.com/k12/search/largest-private-schools/t/coeur-dalene-kootenai-id/| access-date = January 5, 2021}}</ref> Private schools that offer a full high school curriculum include the PK-12 grade Classical Christian Academy and the 1–12 grade North Idaho Christian School which are both [[non-denominational]] [[Association of Christian Schools International|ASCI]]-accredited Christian schools located in Hayden.<ref>{{cite web| title = Classical Christian Academy| publisher = Niche| url = https://www.niche.com/k12/classical-christian-academy-hayden-id/| access-date = January 17, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = North Idaho Christian School| publisher = Niche| url = https://www.niche.com/k12/north-idaho-christian-school-hayden-id/| access-date = January 17, 2021}}</ref>

Postsecondary education is fulfilled by [[North Idaho College]], a public [[community college]] founded in 1933 as the Coeur d'Alene Junior College in downtown Coeur d'Alene on the former site of Fort Sherman.<ref>Singletary (2019), pp. 101–103</ref> The college has an enrollment of over 5,000 students and has outreach branches in Kellogg, Sandpoint, and [[Bonners Ferry, Idaho|Bonners Ferry]].<ref>{{cite web| title = About NIC| publisher = North Idaho College| url = https://www.nic.edu/about/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The University of Idaho has a Coeur d'Alene presence and has a research park in the area.<ref>{{cite web| title = U of I Locations: Coeur d'Alene| publisher = University of Idaho| url = https://www.uidaho.edu/about/locations/coeur-dalene| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref>

==Media==
{{See also| Category:Radio stations in Coeur d'Alene, Idaho| Category:Mass media in Spokane, Washington}}
Coeur d'Alene is part of the Spokane television and radio [[List of United States television markets|media market]] and receives broadcasts in the [[Pacific Time Zone]]. Coeur d'Alene is the [[city of license]] for some television and radio stations in the broadcast area, such as [[Idaho Public Television]] station, KCDT.<ref>{{cite web| title = TV Station Profile: KCDT | publisher = [[Federal Communications Commission]]| url = https://publicfiles.fcc.gov/tv-profile/kcdt| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> In print media, Coeur d'Alene is also covered by Spokane's major daily newspaper, ''[[The Spokesman-Review]]'', but the city has its own daily newspaper, the ''[[Coeur d'Alene Press]]'', which covers issues in North Idaho and has an estimated circulation of about 17,300.<ref name=Mondo>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene Press| work = [[Mondo Times]]| url = https://www.mondotimes.com/1/world/us/12/699/1803| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> The publication was founded in 1892 by Joseph T. Scott and printed its first issue on February 20 of that year.<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 19, p. 121</ref> The newspaper is among the properties of the [[Duane Hagadone|Hagadone Corporation]].<ref name=Mondo/>

==Infrastructure==
===Transportation===
====Roads and highways====
[[File:U.S. Route 95, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho (50082774768).jpg|thumb|I-90 at exit 12 and US 95]]

City roads are oriented in the four [[cardinal direction]]s, with roads going north–south being designated as "streets" and roads going east–west as "avenues". 

Highways include:
*[[U.S. Route 95 in Idaho|U.S. Route 95]]<ref name=CDAMap>{{cite map |author = City of Coeur d'Alene |title = CDA Map |publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene |url = https://maps.cdaid.org/cdamap/ |access-date = August 9, 2020 }}</ref><ref>{{cite map |author = City of Coeur d'Alene |title = City Street Map |publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene |url = ftp://cdaid.org/CDAGIS/Map-CityStreetMap.pdf |format = PDF |access-date = August 9, 2020 }}{{dead link|date=June 2023}}</ref>
*[[Interstate 90 in Idaho|Interstate 90]]<ref name=HighwayMap>{{cite map |author = [[Idaho Transportation Department]] |title = Idaho: Official State Highway Map |scale = 1:248,000 |location = Boise |publisher = Idaho Transportation Department |via = [[Idaho Department of Commerce]] – Tourism Development |url = https://visitidaho.org/content/uploads/2015/09/Idaho_Highway_Map_onscreen.pdf |access-date = August 9, 2020 }}</ref>
*[[Interstate 90 Business (Coeur D'Alene, Idaho)|I-90 Business]]<ref>Singletary (2019), p. 137</ref>

The greater Coeur d'Alene area is almost entirely dependent upon private automobiles for transportation, the city has a [[Walk Score]] of 36, indicating most errands require a car.<ref>{{cite web |title = Living in Coeur d'Alene |publisher = [[Walk Score]] |url = https://www.walkscore.com/ID/Coeur_d%27Alene |access-date = August 9, 2020 }}</ref> Combined with the city's rapid growth since 1990, relative congestion now occurs on a significant portion of the area highways, notably U.S. 95 between Northwest Blvd. north to [[Hayden, Idaho|Hayden]].<ref>{{cite web |title = Traffic Counts |publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene |url = https://maps.cdaid.org/TC/ |access-date = August 9, 2020 }}</ref> The average commute to work is 18.5 minutes.<ref name=commute>{{cite web |title = QuickFacts |publisher = United States Census Bureau |url = https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/coeurdalenecityidaho |access-date = September 19, 2020 }}</ref>

====Public transportation====
[[File:Riverstone Transit Center Opening.jpg|thumb|alt=Citylink Riverstone Transit Center|[[Citylink (Idaho)|Citylink]] Riverstone Transit Center]]

Public transportation played a significant role in Coeur d'Alene's early growth as a tourist destination. When an interurban electric railroad line was completed in 1903 from Spokane to the city, Inland Northwest residents often flocked to Lake Coeur d'Alene to enjoy being on the lake and going on steamboat cruises and other activities.<ref>Singletary (2019), pp. 31–32</ref> The interurban electric line would later become the [[Spokane and Inland Empire Railroad]]. The [[steamboats on Lake Coeur d'Alene]] were not only used to transport goods such as ore and timber, but also people. More steamboats operated on Lake Coeur d'Alene than on any other lake west of the [[Great Lakes]], and there were intense rivalries between the steamboat lines.<ref>Holt (1951), pp. 141–155</ref> The electric railroad and steam navigation on [[Lake Coeur d'Alene]] lasted until the late 1930s.<ref name="Singletary 2019, p. 96">Singletary (2019), p. 96</ref>{{efn|The popularity and convenience of the automobile and better road infrastructure led to the decline in other modes of transportation.<ref>Dahlgren et al. (2009), p. 210</ref> Some steamboats were deliberately set ablaze for Fourth of July celebrations in the late 1930s.<ref name="Singletary 2019, p. 96">Singletary (2019), p. 96</ref>}}

Free public bus service is available to riders, provided by [[Citylink (Idaho)|Citylink]].<ref name=CL>{{cite web| last = Lind| first = Treva| title = The Dirt: Work to start on Citylink bus hub in Kootenai County| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = March 19, 2017| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2017/mar/19/the-dirt-work-to-start-on-citylink-bus-hub-in-koot/| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref> Intercity bus service to the city is provided by [[Jefferson Lines]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.jeffersonlines.com/bus-stops/idaho/|title=Idaho Bus Stops|access-date=July 20, 2023}}</ref>

====Passenger rail====
Coeur d'Alene does not have a passenger railroad station. The closest [[Amtrak]] stations are [[Spokane Intermodal Center|Spokane]] and [[Sandpoint station|Sandpoint]], both of which are served by Amtrak's [[Empire Builder]].<ref>{{cite web| title = Empire Builder| publisher = Amtrak| url = https://www.amtrak.com/routes/empire-builder-train.html| access-date = March 10, 2024}}</ref>

====Airports====
[[Coeur d'Alene Airport]] – Pappy Boyington Field serves as a [[general aviation]] airport in [[Hayden, Idaho|Hayden]], north of the city.<ref>{{cite web| title = Coeur d'Alene Airport – Pappy Boyington Field| publisher = AirNav| url = http://www.airnav.com/airport/KCOE| access-date = November 8, 2020}}</ref>

Near the [[marina]] on Lake Coeur d'Alene is the [[Brooks Seaplane Base]] (S76), which is a city-owned, public-use seaplane base for general aviation. It is used mostly for [[air taxi]] purposes to conduct tours of Lake Coeur d'Alene and Lake Pend Oreille.<ref>{{cite web| title = Brooks Seaplane Base| publisher = AirNav| url = https://www.airnav.com/airport/S76| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref>

===Utilities===
The city of Coeur d'Alene provides billing services for municipal [[water supply network|water]], sewer and stormwater management, street lighting, garbage collection, and recycling; Kootenai Electric Cooperative provides power and [[Avista Utilities]] provides both power and natural gas services in the area.<ref name=utilities>{{cite web| title = Business Advantages| publisher = Coeur d'Alene Area Economic Development Corporation| url = https://www.cdaedc.org/business-advantages| access-date = August 9, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = Infrastructure Resource Guide 2016| publisher = Idaho Department of Commerce| url = https://commerce.idaho.gov/content/uploads/2016/04/Idaho-Infrastructure-Resource-Guide-2016-2.pdf| access-date = June 13, 2021}}</ref> The city draws its water supply from the [[Spokane Valley–Rathdrum Prairie Aquifer]]. Telecom services such as television, internet, and telephone service are provided by vendors including [[Frontier Communications]], [[Spectrum Telecoms|Spectrum]], [[Time Warner]], and [[TDS Telecom]].<ref name=utilities/>

The Post Falls [[Hydroelectricity|hydroelectric dam]] on the Spokane River was built in 1906 and has a generation capacity of 14.75 [[megawatts]].<ref>{{cite journal| last = Drake| first = Michele M.| title = Post Falls: Powering Northern Idaho for More than a Century| journal = Hydro Review| volume = 27| issue = 7| date = November 1, 2008| url = https://www.hydroreview.com/2008/11/01/post-falls-powering-northern-idaho-for-more-than-a-century/#gref| access-date = August 12, 2020}}</ref>

===Healthcare===
[[File:KootenaiHealth.jpg|thumb|Kootenai Health]]
Kootenai Health is the primary medical center serving the Coeur d'Alene and North Idaho communities. The 329-bed [[community hospital]] is a Level III [[trauma center]]<ref>{{cite web| title = Identification and Characteristics: Kootenai Health| publisher = American Hospital Directory| date = August 27, 2020| url = https://www.ahd.com/free_profile/130049/Kootenai_Health/Coeur_d%27Alene/Idaho/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Trauma Centers| website=American College of Surgeons |url=https://www.facs.org/search/trauma-centers?country=United%20States |access-date=August 8, 2020}}</ref> and is the largest employer in Kootenai County.<ref>{{cite web| last = Hatch| first = Addy| title = Health care is bigger in Kootenai's economy| newspaper = Spokane Journal of Business| date = November 8, 2002| url = https://www.spokanejournal.com/local-news/health-care-is-bigger-in-kootenais-economy/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> Coeur d'Alene also has a [[Veterans Health Administration|Veterans Affairs]] Community Based Outpatient Clinic (CBOC), the North Idaho CBOC, which has the Mann-Grandstaff VA Medical Center in Spokane as a parent facility.<ref>{{cite web| title = Locations: North Idaho CBOC| publisher = [[United States Department of Veterans Affairs]]| url = https://www.va.gov/directory/guide/facility.asp?id=5674| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref>

===Police===
The Coeur d'Alene Police Department was established in 1887, shortly after Coeur d'Alene was incorporated as a town; one of the first official acts the Board of Trustees took was to appoint a [[Marshal#State and local marshals|Town Marshal]].<ref name="Singletary 2019, p. 14"/> The police department has 103 police officers as of September 2020.<ref>{{cite web| title = Police Department| publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene| url = https://www.cdaid.org/police| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> In addition to the officers on staff, the department has a program called Officers Without Legal Standing (OWLS), which consists of retired law enforcement officers of various backgrounds from California who render assistance and aid as unpaid volunteers.<ref name=OWLS>{{cite web| last = Brodwater| first = Taryn| title = New life for old cops| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = February 5, 2006| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/2006/feb/05/new-life-for-old-cops/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| title = OWLS Volunteers| publisher = City of Coeur d'Alene| url = https://www.cdaid.org/1061/departments/police/programs/owls-volunteers| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref> Coeur d'Alene and North Idaho have been favored retirement destinations for former California law enforcement for decades, the trend being reported on as early as 1986 by the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''.<ref>{{cite web| last = Freed| first = David| title = Trouble in Paradise: White Supremacists in Idaho Mar LAPD Retirees' Tranquillity| newspaper = Los Angeles Times| date = December 14, 1986| url = https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1986-12-14-me-3280-story.html| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| last = Keating| first = Kevin| title = Many Ex-California Cops Retire To Idaho| newspaper = The Spokesman-Review| date = January 27, 1995| url = https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1995/jan/27/many-ex-california-cops-retire-to-idaho/| access-date = September 19, 2020}}</ref><ref name=OWLS/> By the end of the 1990s, the number of retired California police officers in North Idaho numbered over 500; former [[Los Angeles Police Department|LAPD]] detective [[Mark Fuhrman]] is among its residents.<ref name=HCN/>

==Sister cities==
Coeur d'Alene has one [[sister city]], which is the Canadian city of [[Cranbrook, British Columbia]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Sister Cities & States |publisher=Idaho.gov |url=https://www.idaho.gov/about-idaho/sister-cities-states/ |access-date=August 9, 2020}}</ref>

==See also==
* {{portal-inline|Idaho}}
* {{portal-inline|Pacific Northwest}}

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book| last= Carlson| first= Peter| title= Roughneck: The Life and Times of Big Bill Haywood| publisher= W.W. Norton| location= New York, NY; London| year= 1983| isbn= 978-0393016215| oclc= 494048851}}
* {{cite book| author1= Dahlgren, Dorothy| author2= Carbonneau Kincaid, Simone| title= In All the West No Place Like This: A Pictorial History of the Coeur d'Alene Region| publisher= Museum of North Idaho| location= Coeur d'Alene, ID| year= 2009| isbn= 978-0972335645| oclc= 466927090}}
* {{cite book|last=Frey|first=Rodney|title=Landscape Traveled by Coyote and Crane: The World of the Schitsu'umsh (Coeur d'Alene Indians)|publisher=University of Washington Press|location=Seattle, WA|year=2001|isbn=9780295801629|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u9iCMq0zBnQC| oclc=939750429}}
* {{cite book| last = Holt| first = Ruby El| title = Steamboats in the Timber| chapter = Shadowy St. Joe| publisher = Caxton Printers, Ltd| location = Caldwell, ID| year = 1951| edition = 1st| lccn = 52-5206}}
* {{cite book| last = Langdon| first = Emma F.| author-link = Emma F. Langdon| title = Labor's Greatest Conflicts| publisher = Press of the Great Western Pub. Co.| location = Denver, CO| year = 1908| oclc = 5805806}}
* {{cite book| last = Lukas| first = J. Anthony| author-link = J. Anthony Lukas| title = [[Big Trouble (Lukas book)|Big Trouble: A Murder in a Small Western Town Sets Off a Struggle for the Soul of America]]| publisher = Simon & Schuster| location = New York, NY| year = 1997| isbn= 978-0684808581| oclc = 892926016}}
* {{cite book| last = Schwantes| first = Carlos A.| title = The Pacific Northwest: An Interpretive History| publisher = University of Nebraska Press| location = Lincoln, NE| year = 1996| edition = Revised| isbn= 978-0803292284}}
* {{cite book| last= Singletary| first= Robert| title= Coeur d'Alene Beautiful & Progressive: An Illustrated History of Coeur d'Alene Idaho 1878-1990| publisher= Museum of North Idaho| location= Coeur d'Alene, ID| year= 2019| isbn= 9780982522097| oclc=1191834896}}
* {{cite book |last=Walker |first=Dale L. |title=Bear Flag Rising: The Conquest of California, 1846|year=1999 |location=New York, NY |isbn=0312866852 |publisher=Macmillan |page=[https://archive.org/details/bearflagrisingco00walk_0/page/60 60]|url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/bearflagrisingco00walk_0}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book| last1 = Henderson| first1 = John M.| last2 = Shiach| first2 = William S.| last3 = Averill| first3 = Harry B.| title = An Illustrated History of North Idaho: Embracing Nez Perces, Idaho, Latah, Kootenai and Shoshone Counties, State of Idaho| publisher = Western Historical Publishing Company| place = Spokane, WA| year = 1903| url = https://archive.org/details/illustratedhisto00slwerich/mode/2up| format= [[DJVU]]| others = [[California Digital Library]] collections, [[University of California Libraries]]| asin = B009N4P7RU| oclc= 7975082}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
{{EB1911 poster|Cœur d'Alêne}}
{{wikivoyage|Coeur d'Alene}}
*{{Official website|http://www.cdaid.org/}}
* {{cite web|title=Coeur d'Alene, Idaho|url=https://www.c-span.org/series/?citiesTour&city=2017|publisher=[[C-SPAN]] Cities Tour|date=December 2013}}

{{Kootenai County, Idaho}}
{{Idaho}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Coeur Dalene, Idaho}}
[[Category:Coeur d'Alene, Idaho| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Idaho]]
[[Category:Cities in Kootenai County, Idaho]]
[[Category:County seats in Idaho]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1887]]
[[Category:Populated lakeshore places in the United States]]
[[Category:1887 establishments in Idaho Territory]]