Editing Chongqing

{{Short description|Municipality in southwestern China}}
{{distinguish|Chongjin}}
{{Other uses}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2025}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Chongqing
| other_name         = Chungking
| native_name        = 重庆
| native_name_lang   = zh
| settlement_type    = [[Direct-administered municipalities of China|Municipality]]
| total_type         = Municipality
| image_skyline      = {{multiple image
|border              = infobox
|total_width         = 290
|image_style         = border:1;
|perrow              = 1/2/2/2
|image1              = Chongqing Nightscape.jpg
|caption1            = [[Yuzhong District]]
|image2              = Chongqing Art Museum at 20150313.jpg
|caption2            = [[Chongqing Art Museum]]
|image3              = 李子坝站轻轨穿楼 0023.png
|caption3            = [[Liziba Station]]
|image4              = Jiefangbei night.jpg
|caption4            = [[Jiefangbei CBD|Jiefangbei]] [[Central business district|CBD]]
|image5              = Three Gorges Fengjie - Mapillary (mkhHcHvG67RUe3kO72ZRq4).jpg
|caption5            = [[Qutang Gorge]]
|image6              = 2023-06-23 重慶湖廣會館 02.jpg
|caption6            = [[Huguang Huiguan, Chongqing|Huguang Huiguan]]
|image7              = 重庆市人民大礼堂正门.jpg
|caption7            = [[Great Hall of the People (Chongqing)|Great Hall of the People]]
}}
| image_blank_emblem = 
| image_map          = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=shape|stroke-width=2|stroke-color=#000000|zoom=5|frame-lat=29.558|frame-long=107.50}}
| image_map1         = Chongqing in China (+all claims hatched).svg
| map_caption1       = Location of Chongqing Municipality within China
| seat_type          = Municipal seat
| seat               = [[Yuzhong District]]
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = {{flag|China}}
| established_title  = Settled
| established_date   = {{circa|316&nbsp;BC}}
| established_title1 = Separated from [[Sichuan]]
| established_date1  = 14 March 1997
| parts_type         = Divisions<br />&nbsp;- [[County-level division|County-level]]<br />&nbsp;- [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China#Township level|Township-level]]
| parts              = [[List of administrative divisions of Chongqing|26 districts, 12 counties]]
| government_type    = [[Direct-administered municipalities of China|Municipality]]
| governing_body     = [[Chongqing Municipal People's Congress]]
| leader_title       = [[Party Secretary of Chongqing|Party Secretary]]
| leader_name        = [[Yuan Jiajun]]
| leader_title1      = [[Chongqing Municipal People's Congress|Congress]] Chairperson
| leader_name1       = [[Wang Jiong (politician)|Wang Jiong]]
| leader_title2      = [[Mayor of Chongqing|Mayor]]
| leader_name2       = [[Hu Henghua]]
| leader_title3      = [[Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference|Municipal CPPCC]] Chairperson
| leader_name3       = [[Cheng Lihua]]
| leader_title4      = [[National People's Congress]] Representation
| leader_name4       = 58 deputies
| area_total_km2     = 82403
| area_blank1_title  = Built up area
| area_blank1_km2    = 5,472.8
| area_footnotes     = <ref>{{cite web |title = Doing Business in China Survey |url = http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/zt_business/lanmub/ |publisher = [[Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China]] |access-date=5 August 2013  |archive-url = https://archive.today/20130805091244/http://english.mofcom.gov.cn/article/zt_business/lanmub/ |archive-date = 5 August 2013}}</ref>
| elevation_max_m    = 2797
| elevation_max_point = {{ill|Yintiao Ling|zh|阴条岭|}}
| elevation_m        = 244
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/chongqing/admin/|title=China: Chóngqìng Districts and Counties|publisher=City Population|access-date=18 October 2020|archive-date=27 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221227185516/https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/chongqing/admin/|url-status=live}}</ref>
| population_total   = 32,054,159
| population_as_of   = 2020 census (total), 2018 (otherwise)
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_urban   = 22,251,500{{NoteTag|Total urban population in the municipality.}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cq.cqnews.net/html/2016-01/28/content_36292655.htm |script-title=zh:2015年重庆常住人口3016.55万人 继续保持增长态势 |publisher=Chongqing News |language=zh |date=28 January 2016 |access-date=13 February 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129083111/http://cq.cqnews.net/html/2016-01/28/content_36292655.htm |archive-date=29 January 2016 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_density_urban_km2 = auto
| population_density_metro_km2 = auto
| population_blank1_title = Built up area
| population_blank1  = 9,580,770<ref>{{cite web |title=China: Chóngqìng |url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/cities/chongqing/ |access-date=16 June 2022 |website=City Population |archive-date=28 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128213458/https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/cities/chongqing/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
| population_density_blank1_km2 = auto
| demographics_type2 = GDP<span style="font-weight: normal;">{{small|(2023)}}</span>
<ref name="GDPdata">{{cite web|url=https://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103|title=National Data|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China|China NBS]]|date=March 2024|access-date=22 June 2024|archive-date=9 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109073448/http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103|url-status=live}} see also {{cite web|url=http://www.cq.gov.cn/zjcq/sjfb_120853/tjgb/202403/t20240329_13093195.html|title=zh: 2023年重庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报|publisher=chongqing.gov.cn|date=29 March 2024|access-date=22 June 2024|archive-date=12 June 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240612173943/http://www.cq.gov.cn/zjcq/sjfb_120853/tjgb/202403/t20240329_13093195.html|url-status=live}} The average exchange rate of 2023 was CNY 7.0467 to 1 USD dollar {{cite press release| url=https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202402/t20240228_1947918.html| title=Statistical communiqué of the People's Republic of China on the 2023 national economic and social development| publisher=China NBS| date=29 February 2024| access-date=22 June 2024| archive-date=5 March 2024| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240305035331/https://www.stats.gov.cn/english/PressRelease/202402/t20240228_1947918.html| url-status=live}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = [[Municipality]]
| demographics2_info1 = [[CN¥]] 3,015 billion ([[List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP|17th]])<br />[[US$]] 428 billion
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 94,135 ([[List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP per capita|10th]]) <br /> US$ 13,359
| timezone           = [[China Standard Time|CST]]
| utc_offset         = +8
| coor_pinpoint      = Chongqing municipal government
| coordinates        = {{coord|29.5637|N|106.5504|E|type:adm1st_region:CN-50_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| postal_code_type   = [[List of postal codes in China|Postal codes]]
| postal_code        = '''4000''' 00 – '''4099''' 00
| area_code          = [[Telephone numbers in China|23]]
| blank3_name_sec1   = &nbsp;– Growth
| blank3_info_sec1   = {{increase}} 2.6%
| blank4_name_sec2   = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2022)
| blank4_info_sec2   = 0.795<ref name="SHDI">{{cite web |title=Human Development Indices (8.0)- China |url=https://globaldatalab.org/shdi/table/shdi/CHN/?levels=1+4&years=2022&interpolation=0&extrapolation=0 |access-date=23 September 2024 |website=Global Data Lab}}</ref> ([[List of China administrative divisions by HDI|9th]]) – {{color|#090|high}}
| blank5_name        = [[Vehicle registration plates of China|Vehicle registration]]
| blank5_info        = {{ubl|{{lang|zh-CN|渝A}}, {{lang|zh-CN|渝D}} (Yuzhong, Jiangbei, Jiulongpo, Dadukou)|{{lang|zh-CN|渝B}} (Nan'an, Shapingba, Beibei, Wansheng, Shuangqiao, Yubei, Banan, Changshou)|{{lang|zh-CN|渝C}} (Yongchuan, Hechuan, Jiangjin, Qijiang, Tongnan, Tongliang, Dazu, Rongchang, Bishan)|{{lang|zh-CN|渝F}} (Wanzhou, Liangping, Chengkou, Wushan, Wuxi, Zhongxian, Kaizhou, Fengjie, Yunyang)|{{lang|zh-CN|渝G}} (Fuling, Nanchuan, Dianjiang, Fengdu, Wulong)|{{lang|zh-CN|渝H}} (Qianjiang, Shizhu, Xiushan, Youyang, Pengshui)}}
| iso_code           = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-CQ]]
| blank5_name_sec1   = Abbreviation
| blank5_info_sec1   = CQ{{\}}{{zhi|c=渝|p=Yú}}
| blank1_name_sec2   = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank1_info_sec2   = [[Humid subtropical climate|Cfa]]
| blank_emblem_type  = Official logo
| module             = {{Infobox place symbols| embedded=yes
| tree = ''[[Ficus lacor]]''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm |title=City Tree |website=En.cq.gov.cn |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630163656/http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm |archive-date=30 June 2012 }}</ref>
| flower = ''[[Camellia japonica]]''<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm |title=City Flower |website=En.cq.gov.cn |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630163656/http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1914.htm |archive-date=30 June 2012 }}</ref>
}}
| website            = {{ubl|{{Official URL}} {{in lang|zh}}|{{URL|http://en.cq.gov.cn/|English version}}}}
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| pic = Chongqing_(Chinese_characters).svg
| piccap = "Chongqing" in [[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified]] (top) and [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional]] (bottom) Chinese characters
| picupright = 0.45
| order = st
| s = {{linktext|重庆}}
| t = {{linktext|重慶}}
| p = Chóngqìng
| sic = {{unbulleted list|{{tone superscript|Cong2qin4}} ([[Sichuanese Pinyin]])|{{IPA|cmn-CN-CQ|tsʰoŋ˨˩ tɕʰin˨˩˦|}}}}
| w = Ch{{wg-apos}}{{tone superscript|ung2-ch}}{{wg-apos}}{{tone superscript|ing4}}
| gr = Chorngchinq
| bpmf = ㄔㄨㄥˊ&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ㄑㄧㄥˋ
| psp = Chungking
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|AUD|Chongqing.ogg|ch|ong|2|.|q|ing|4}}
| j = cung4 hing3
| ci = {{IPAc-yue|c|ung|4|-|h|ing|3}}
| y = Chùhnghing
| wuu = Zon<sup>上</sup>-chin<sup>去</sup>
| poj = Tiông-khèng
| tl = Tiông-khìng
| h = Tshùng-khin
| l = "Doubled Celebration"
| tp = Chóng-cìng
}}

'''Chongqing'''{{efn|{{Bulleted list|English: {{IPAc-en|ˌ|tʃ|ɒ|ŋ|ˈ|tʃ|ɪ|ŋ|}}<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Chongqing |title=Chongqing |publisher=The Free Dictionary |access-date=24 January 2023 |archive-date=24 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124154907/https://www.thefreedictionary.com/Chongqing |url-status=live }}</ref> or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ɒ|ŋ|tʃ|ɪ|ŋ|}}<ref>{{Cite American Heritage Dictionary|Chongqing|access-date=8 April 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dictionary.com/browse/chongqing |title=Chongqing |publisher=Dictionary.com |access-date=27 June 2021 |archive-date=28 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628043057/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/chongqing |url-status=live }}</ref> {{Pinyin|Chóngqìng}}| {{lang-zh|s=重庆|t=重慶|p=Chóngqìng}}; [[Sichuanese dialects|Sichuanese]] pronunciation: {{IPA|cmn-CN-CQ|tsʰoŋ˨˩tɕʰin˨˩˦|}}, <small>[[Standard Mandarin]] pronunciation:</small> {{IPAc-cmn|AUD|Chongqing.ogg|ch|ong|2|.|q|ing|4}}}}{{pb}}[[Postal Romanization|Previously romanized]] as '''Chungking''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|tʃ|ʊ|ŋ|ˈ|k|ɪ|ŋ|}});.<ref>{{Cite Merriam-Webster|Chongqing}}</ref>}} is a [[direct-administered municipality]] in [[Southwestern China]]. Chongqing is one of the four direct-administered municipalities under the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China|Central People's Government]], along with [[Beijing]], [[Shanghai]], and [[Tianjin]]. It is the only directly administrated municipality located deep inland.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://geography.about.com/od/chinamaps/tp/china-municipalities.htm |title=China's Direct-Controlled Municipalities |publisher=Geography.about.com |date=14 March 1997 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723100724/http://geography.about.com/od/chinamaps/tp/china-municipalities.htm |archive-date=23 July 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref> The municipality covers a large geographical area roughly the size of [[Austria]],<ref name=BBCHowdoyoumeasure>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16761784|title=The world's biggest cities: How do you measure them?|publisher=[[BBC]]|date=2012-01-29|access-date=2024-08-08|archive-date=6 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806003730/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16761784|url-status=live}}</ref> which includes several disjunct urban areas in addition to Chongqing proper. Due to its classification, the municipality of Chongqing is the [[List of largest cities|largest city proper]] in the world by population, though Chongqing is not the most populous urban area.

The municipality of Chongqing is the only Chinese city with a resident population of over 30 million;<ref name="National Bureau of Statistics of China" /> however, this number includes its large rural population.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Ruth |first1=Alexander |date=29 January 2012 |title=Which is the world's biggest city? |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16761784 |url-status=live |access-date=31 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806003730/https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-16761784 |archive-date=6 August 2018}}</ref> In 2020, Chongqing surpassed Shanghai as China's largest municipality by urban population; {{as of|lc=y|2023}}, it had an urban population of 22.87 million.<ref name="National Bureau of Statistics of China">{{cite web |title=National Data :Population |url=https://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103 |access-date=26 March 2025 |website=National Bureau of Statistics of China}}</ref> The municipality contains 26 districts, 8 [[Counties of the People's Republic of China|counties]], and 4 [[autonomous county|autonomous counties]]. The city served as the wartime capital for the Republic of China (ROC) during the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] (1937–1945). On 14 March 1997, the current municipality was separated from the surrounding province of [[Sichuan]], with the goal of furthering development in the central and western parts of the country.<ref>{{Cite web |script-title=zh:关于提请审议设立重庆直辖市的议案的说明_中国人大网 |trans-title=Explanation on the proposal to consider the establishment of a municipality directly under the Central Government of China |url=http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/gongbao/2000-12/07/content_5003717.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160517160042/http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/gongbao/2000-12/07/content_5003717.htm |archive-date=17 May 2016 |access-date=29 July 2018 |website=www.npc.gov.cn}}</ref> University of Washington professor Kam Wing Chan considers that Chongqing is more like a province than a city.<ref name=BBCHowdoyoumeasure/>

Chongqing is one of China's [[National central city|national central cities]]. It is a connection in the Yangtze River Economic Belt and a base for the country's [[Belt and Road Initiative]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=World Bank |date=2019 |title=Chongqing 2035: Spatial and Economic Transformation for a Global City |url=https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/31386 |language=English |location=Washington, DC |doi=10.1596/31386 |website=World Bank Open Knowledge Repository |access-date=8 February 2023 |archive-date=7 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207111314/https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/31386 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport]] is the second-busiest airport in China, and is one of the top 50 [[List of busiest airports by passenger traffic|busiest airports]] in the world.<ref>{{cite web |date=July 2021 |title=2020 Airport Traffic Report |url=https://www.panynj.gov/content/dam/airports/statistics/statistics-general-info/annual-atr/ATR_2020.pdf |access-date=26 Sep 2021 |publisher=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey |page=30 |language=en |archive-date=29 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629181505/https://www.panynj.gov/content/dam/airports/statistics/statistics-general-info/annual-atr/ATR_2020.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.panynj.gov/content/dam/airports/statistics/statistics-general-info/annual-atr/ATR2019.pdf |title=2019 Annual Airport Traffic Report |publisher=Port Authority of New York and New Jersey. |year=2020 |location=United States |access-date=17 March 2022 |archive-date=27 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127110141/https://www.panynj.gov/content/dam/airports/statistics/statistics-general-info/annual-atr/ATR2019.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The city's monorail system is [[List of monorail systems|the world's longest and busiest]], as well as having the greatest number of stations, with 70.<ref>{{cite news |date=12 October 2013 |script-title=zh:世界最长单轨线路 |language=zh-cn |publisher=NetEase News |url=http://news.163.com/13/1012/21/9B12OUDB00014AEE.html |access-date=19 November 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708163111/http://news.163.com/13/1012/21/9B12OUDB00014AEE.html |archive-date=8 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=18 November 2016 |script-title=zh:日本单轨协会副会长石川正和一行来渝考察重庆单轨发展情况 |url=http://www.cqmetro.cn/wwwroot_release/crtweb/xwzx/zhxw/335658.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202170023/http://www.cqmetro.cn/wwwroot_release/crtweb/xwzx/zhxw/335658.shtml |archive-date=2 December 2016 |access-date=2 December 2016 |website=Chongqing Rail Transit |language=zh-cn |df=dmy-all}}</ref> Chongqing is ranked as a [[GaWC|Beta]] (global second-tier) city.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The World According to GaWC 2020|date=2020-08-21|url=https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html|access-date=2020-10-04|publisher=Loughborough University|url-status=dead|archive-date=2021-01-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114204248/http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html}}</ref> It is the headquarters of the [[Changan Automobile]], one of the "[[Automotive industry in China|Big Four]]" car manufacturers in China.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One minute to understand Changan |url=http://www.globalchangan.com/about_us/index.html |access-date=2022-06-17 |publisher=Changan Auto |archive-date=5 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220705182731/http://www.globalchangan.com/about_us/index.html |url-status=live }}</ref> {{As of|2023}}, the city hosts 12 foreign representations, the fifth-most in China behind Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chengdu.<ref>{{cite web |title=Foreign consulates in Chongqing |url=https://www.embassypages.com/city/chongqing |access-date=2024-02-25 |website=www.embassypages.com |language=en |archive-date=28 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220828042710/https://www.embassypages.com/city/chongqing |url-status=live }}</ref> It is one of the top 40 cities globally by [[Nature Index|scientific research]] output;<ref name="www.nature.com">{{Cite web |title=Leading 200 science cities {{!}} Nature Index 2023 Science Cities {{!}} Supplements {{!}} Nature Index |url=https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall |access-date=2023-11-22 |website=www.nature.com |language=en |archive-date=22 November 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231122050201/https://www.nature.com/nature-index/supplements/nature-index-2023-science-cities/tables/overall |url-status=live }}</ref> the municipality is home to several [[List of universities and colleges in Chongqing|notable universities]], including [[Chongqing University]], [[Southwest University]], and [[Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=S.L.U |first=Course Guru |title=All 14 Universities in Chongqing {{!}} Rankings & Reviews 2024 |url=https://www.universityguru.com/universities-chongqing |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=UniversityGuru |language=en |archive-date=22 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122220724/https://www.universityguru.com/universities-chongqing |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=ShanghaiRanking's Best Chinese Universities Ranking |url=https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/bcur/2024 |access-date=2024-09-20 |website=www.shanghairanking.com |archive-date=18 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240918022027/https://www.shanghairanking.com/rankings/bcur/2024 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-10-26|title=US News Best Global Universities Rankings in Chongqing|url=https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=chongqing|url-status=live|access-date=2021-10-30|website=U.S. News & World Report|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211030105010/https://www.usnews.com/education/best-global-universities/search?city=chongqing |archive-date=30 October 2021 }}</ref>

==History==
{{main|History of Chongqing}}

===Antiquity===
Chongqing's location is historically associated with the [[Ba (state)|State of Ba]]. Its capital was first called Jiangzhou ({{lang|zh-hant|江州}}).<ref name="chongqing_3gorges">{{cite book |title=Chongqing & The Three Gorges |author1=Kim Hunter Gordon |author2=Jesse Watson |year=2011 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vSNOR3qt6DwC |pages=38–40 |publisher=Kim Hunter Gordon |isbn=978-7-5022-5215-1 |access-date=26 August 2022 |archive-date=19 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230419201440/https://books.google.com/books?id=vSNOR3qt6DwC |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Imperial era===
Jiangzhou subsequently remained under [[Qin Shi Huang]]'s rule during the [[Qin dynasty]], the successor of the Qin State, as well as the rule of [[Han dynasty]] emperors.
Jiangzhou was subsequently renamed during the [[Northern and Southern dynasties]] to Chu Prefecture ({{lang|zh-hant|楚州}}), then again in 581&nbsp;AD ([[Sui dynasty]]) to [[Yú Prefecture|Yu Prefecture]] ({{lang|zh-hant|渝州}}), and later in 1102 during [[Northern Song]] to Gong Prefecture ({{lang|zh-hant|恭州}}).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1920.htm |title=Chongqing's History with the State of Ba |publisher=Chongqing Municipal Government |date=6 December 2007 |access-date=2 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630171340/http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1920.htm |archive-date=30 June 2012 }}</ref> The name Yu however survives to this day as an abbreviation for Chongqing, as well as for the city's historic center, where the old town once stood; its name is Yuzhong ({{lang|zh-hant|渝中}}, Central Yu).<ref name="chongqing_3gorges"/> It received its current name in 1189, after Prince [[Emperor Guangzong of Song|Zhao Dun]] of the [[Southern Song dynasty]] described his crowning as king and then [[Emperor Guangzong of Song|Emperor Guangzong]] as a "double celebration" ({{lang-zh |s=双重喜庆 |t=雙重喜慶 |p=shuāngchóng xǐqìng }}, or ''chóngqìng'' in short). To mark the occasion of his enthronement, Yu Prefecture was therefore converted to Chongqing [[Fu (administrative division)|Fu]].

In 1362 (during the [[Yuan dynasty]]), [[Ming Yuzhen]], a peasant rebel leader, established the Daxia Kingdom ({{lang|zh-hant|大夏}}) at Chongqing for a short time.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://neohumanism.org/m/mi/ming_yuzhen.html |title = Ming Yuzhen Information |website = Neohumanism.com |access-date = 2 July 2012 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160207054017/http://neohumanism.org/m/mi/ming_yuzhen.html |archive-date = 7 February 2016 |url-status = live |df = dmy-all }}</ref> In 1621 (during the [[Ming dynasty]]), another short-lived kingdom of Daliang ({{lang|zh-hant|大梁}}) was established by She Chongming ({{lang|zh-hant|奢崇明}}) with Chongqing as its capital.<ref>{{cite book |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=xXLg4cTZcDkC |title = Political Frontiers, Ethnic Boundaries, and Human Geographies in Chinese History |author1 = Nicola di Cosmo |author2 = Don J. Wyatt |date = 3 July 2003 |access-date = 2 July 2012 |isbn = 9780203987957 |archive-date = 16 April 2023 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230416035707/https://books.google.com/books?id=xXLg4cTZcDkC |url-status = live }}</ref> In 1644, after the fall of the Ming dynasty to a rebel army, Chongqing, together with the rest of [[Sichuan]], was captured by [[Zhang Xianzhong]], who was said to have massacred a large number of people in Sichuan and depopulated the province, in part by causing many people to flee to safety elsewhere. The [[Manchus]] later conquered the province, and during the [[Qing dynasty]], immigration to Chongqing and Sichuan took place with the support of the [[List of emperors of the Qing dynasty|Qing emperor]].<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.chinasage.info/dynastyqing.htm |title=The last Qing (Manchu) Dynasty 1644 - 1912 of China |access-date=19 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161107092333/http://www.chinasage.info/dynastyqing.htm |archive-date=7 November 2016  }}</ref>

In 1890, the British Consulate General was opened in Chongqing.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.cq.xinhuanet.com/subject/2005/2005-08/12/content_4869354.htm |title=UK Consulate Page |publisher=Cq.xinhuanet.com |date=30 December 2004 |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130823092727/http://www.cq.xinhuanet.com/subject/2005/2005-08/12/content_4869354.htm |archive-date=23 August 2013}}</ref> The following year, the city became the first inland commerce port open to foreigners, with the proviso that foreign ships should not be at liberty to trade there until Chinese-owned steamers had succeeded in ascending the [[Yangtze]] river. This restriction was abolished by the [[Treaty of Shimonoseki]] in 1895, which declared the city open on the same terms as other ports, although it was not until 1907 that a steamship made the journey without the help of manual haulers.<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Ch'ungk'ing|volume=6|page=324}}</ref> From 1896 to 1904, the American, German, French, and Japanese consulates were opened in Chongqing.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.cq.xinhuanet.com/subject/2005/2005-08/12/content_4868903.htm |title=French Consulate Page |publisher=Cq.xinhuanet.com |date=30 December 2004 |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130823091031/http://www.cq.xinhuanet.com/subject/2005/2005-08/12/content_4868903.htm |archive-date=23 August 2013  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.chongqing.cn.emb-japan.go.jp/index_c.htm |title = Japanese Consulate Page |website = Chongqing.cn.emb-japan.go.jp |access-date = 10 December 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120709162530/http://www.chongqing.cn.emb-japan.go.jp/index_c.htm |archive-date = 9 July 2012 |url-status = live |df = dmy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.us-passport-service-guide.com/us-consulate-in-china.html |title=US Consulate Page |website=Us-passport-service-guide.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120723134336/http://www.us-passport-service-guide.com/us-consulate-in-china.html |archive-date=23 July 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url = http://2011.cqlib.cn/article_detail.asp?cid=13&rid=1&did=622 |title=German Consulate Page |website = 2011.cqlib.cn |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130823053235/http://2011.cqlib.cn/article_detail.asp?cid=13&rid=1&did=622 |archive-date=23 August 2013  }}</ref>

===Provisional wartime capital of the Republic of China===
{{Main|Bombing of Chongqing}}
[[File:China from the Eyes of the Flying Tigers 1944-1945 57.jpg|thumb|left|A street scene in Chongqing, {{Circa|1944}}]]
During and after the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]], from November 1937 to May 1946, it was Generalissimo [[Chiang Kai-shek]]'s provisional capital. After the General and remaining army had lived there for a time following their retreat in 1938 from the previous capital of [[Wuhan]], it was formally declared the second capital city ({{lang-zh|c=陪都|p=péidū|w=p'ei2-tu1|labels=no}}) on 6 September 1940.<ref name="Revisiting Chongqing: China's Secon">{{cite journal |last1=Danielson |first1=Eric N. |title=Revisiting Chongqing: China's Second World War Temporary National Capital |journal=Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society Hong Kong Branch |date=2005 |volume=45 |page=175 |jstor=23889883 }}</ref> After Britain, the United States, and other Allies entered the war in Asia in December 1941, one of the Allies' deputy commanders of operations in Southeast Asia (Southeast Asia Command SEAC), [[Joseph Stilwell]], was based in the city.

The city was also visited by Lord [[Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma|Louis Mountbatten]], the Supreme Commander of SEAC which was itself headquartered in Sri Lanka. Chiang Kai Shek as Supreme Commander in China worked closely with Stilwell.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/stilwell-in-china-the-worst-command-in-the-war/ |title=Stilwell in China: The Worst Command in the War |access-date=19 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821195614/http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/stilwell-in-china-the-worst-command-in-the-war/ |archive-date=21 August 2016  }} Chiang Kai-shek & Stilwell, Joseph</ref> From 1938 to 1943, the city suffered from continuous [[Bombing of Chongqing|massive bombing]] campaigns of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy Air Service|Imperial Japanese Navy]] and [[Imperial Japanese Army Air Service|Army Air Force]]s; battles of which were fought entirely by the [[Republic of China Air Force|Chinese Air Force]] squadrons and anti-aircraft artillery units.<ref>{{Cite web|title=揭秘重庆空战：抗战期间出动飞机2159次 - 中国军网|url=http://www.chinamil.com.cn/jsdj/2016-04/11/content_7000656.htm|access-date=2020-11-15|website=www.chinamil.com.cn|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201116193000/http://www.chinamil.com.cn/jsdj/2016-04/11/content_7000656.htm}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Gustavsson|first=Hakans|title=Håkans Aviation page – Sino-Japanese Air War 1939|url=http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese-1939.htm|access-date=2020-11-15|website=Biplane Fighter Aces - CHINA|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303232019/http://surfcity.kund.dalnet.se/sino-japanese-1939.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Many lives were saved by the air-raid shelters which took advantage of the mountainous terrain. Chongqing was acclaimed to be the "City of Heroes" due to the indomitable spirits of its people as well as their contributions and sacrifices during the war. Many factories and universities were relocated from eastern China and ultimately to Chongqing during years of setbacks in the war, transforming this city from inland port to a heavily industrialized city.

===Chinese Civil War===
After World War II ended, Chongqing became one of the last refuges of the Nationalist Kuomintang government on the Chinese mainland during the [[Chinese Civil War]]. Following the [[Yangtze River Crossing campaign]], the KMT capital of [[Nanjing]] was occupied by the Communists in 23 April. The KMT decamped first to [[Guangzhou]], then Chongqing. Chongqing served as the KMT capital until late November 1949, when the Nationalist KMT government withdrew from the city by air.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/wwii/06/p1/mjm/WWII-Chang.html |title=WWII Era History of Chongqing |publisher=.needham.k12.ma.us |date=23 October 1944 |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130606163106/http://www2.needham.k12.ma.us/nhs/cur/wwii/06/p1/mjm/WWII-Chang.html |archive-date=6 June 2013  }}</ref>

===Municipality status===
[[File:A Sunset View of Chongqing Central Business District.jpg|thumb|right|A sunset view of [[Jiefangbei CBD]] and Hongya Cave, taken in 2017]]
On 14 March 1997, the Eighth [[National People's Congress]] decided to merge the [[sub-provincial city]] with adjacent [[Fuling]], [[Wanxian]], and [[Qianjiang, Chongqing|Qianjiang]] prefectures that it had governed on behalf of the province since September 1996, and grant it independence from Sichuan. The resulting single entity became Chongqing Municipality,<ref>{{Cite book |last=Šebok |first=Filip |title=Contemporary China: a New Superpower? |publisher=[Routledge |year=2023 |isbn=978-1-03-239508-1 |editor-last=Kironska |editor-first=Kristina |chapter=China's Political System |editor-last2=Turscanyi |editor-first2=Richard Q.}}</ref>{{Rp|page=74}} containing 30,020,000 people in forty-three former [[County (People's Republic of China)|counties]] without intermediate political levels. The municipality became the spearhead of China's effort to develop its western regions and to coordinate the resettlement of residents from the reservoir areas of the [[Three Gorges Dam]] project. Its first official ceremony took place on 18 June 1997.

On 8 February 2010, Chongqing became one of the nine [[National Central Cities]], along with Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Wuhan, Xi'an, and Zhengzhou. According to Zhou Liqun, a consultant for National Development and Reform Commission of China, Chongqing's status as a National Central City would encourage the development of [[Western China]]. Chongqing, which is located in central-western China, would complement the other National Central Cities, all of which are located along China's eastern coastline.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90882/6892862.html |title=Chongqing becomes 5th National Central city |publisher=People's Daily |date=10 February 2010 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130518015855/http://english.peopledaily.com.cn/90001/90776/90882/6892862.html |archive-date=18 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> The same year on 18 June, the [[Liangjiang New Area]] was established in Chongqing, which was the third state-level [[new areas|new area]] at the time of its establishment.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gochina.scmp.com/chongqing/business/room-expansion |title=Establishment of the Liangjiang New Area |publisher=Gochina.scmp.com |date=25 November 2013 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-date=25 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225054358/http://www.scmp.com/news/china }}</ref>

{| cellpadding="6"
| [[file:Chongqing Map Alt2.png|x350px]]
| {{color box|#404FD9}}{{color box|#979FEA}} Former Prefecture-Level City of Chongqing<br />{{color box|#22B14C}}{{color box|#97EAA5}} Former Prefecture-Level City of Fuling<br />{{color box|#FF9933}}{{color box|#FFCC66}} Former Prefecture-Level City of Wanxian<br />{{color box|#00A2E8}}{{color box|#57CDFF}} Former Prefecture of Qianjiang
| {{color box|#404FD9}} Districts composing the Main urban area of Chongqing city<Br>{{color box|#979FEA}}{{color box|#22B14C}}{{color box|#FF9933}}{{color box|#00A2E8}} Districts<br />{{color box|#97EAA5}}{{color box|#FFCC66}} Counties<br />{{color box|#57CDFF}} Autonomous Counties
|}

==Geography==
[[File:Txu-oclc-10552568-nh48-12.jpg|thumb|Map including Chongqing (labeled as {{lang|zh-hant|重慶}} CH'UNG-CH'ING (CHUNGKING)) ([[Army Map Service|AMS]], 1954)]]

===Physical geography and topography===
[[File:Chongqing Map.png|thumb|Topography of Chongqing]]
Chongqing is located in the [[subtropics]], situated in the transitional area between the [[Sichuan Basin]] and the plain on the middle and lower reaches of the [[Yangtze]]. Its climate features frequent [[monsoon]] conditions, often raining at night in late spring and early summer. The city's "night rain in the Ba Mountains", features in poems throughout Chinese history, including "Written on a Rainy Night—A Letter to the North" by [[Li Shangyin]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://bystander.homestead.com/bashan.html |title=Tang poetry: Night rain in the mountain in Bashan |access-date=19 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816081726/http://bystander.homestead.com/bashan.html |archive-date=16 August 2016}} Bashan Poems</ref> Its territory is {{cvt|470|km}} from east to west at its longest, and {{cvt|450|km}} from north to south at its widest.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1921.htm |title=Location of Chongqing |publisher=Chongqing Municipal Government |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630165944/http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1921.htm |archive-date=30 June 2012}}</ref> It borders [[Hubei]] and [[Hunan]] to the east, [[Sichuan]] and [[Shaanxi]] to the north, and [[Guizhou]] to the south.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/ProvinceView/163947.htm |title=Chongqing 2005 - The Year in Review|access-date=6 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161024230840/http://www.china.org.cn/english/features/ProvinceView/163947.htm |archive-date=24 October 2016}} Chongqing's bordering provinces</ref>

[[File:Baidicheng view Fengjie - Mapillary (ZsSRPZW9wVqEzptb5peJrY).jpg|thumb|The Qutang Gorge on the Yangtze]]
Chongqing covers a large area crisscrossed by rivers and mountains. The [[Daba Mountains]] stand in the north, the [[Wu Gorge]] in the east, the [[Wuling Mountains]] in the southeast, and the [[Dalou Mountains]] in the south. The area slopes downward from north to south towards the Yangtze valley, and features a large [[massif]] of mountains and hills, with steep sloping areas at different heights.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mountains in Sichuan and Chongqing |url=http://www.fodors.com/world/asia/china/sichuan-and-chongqing/sights-nam_class:31425.html |author=Chongqing Topography |publisher=Fodors.com |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213182509/http://www.fodors.com/world/asia/china/sichuan-and-chongqing/sights-nam_class%3A31425.html |archive-date=13 December 2013  }}</ref> [[Karst]] landscape is common in this area, and stone forests, numerous collections of peaks, [[limestone]] caves and valleys can be found in many places. The ''Longshuixia Gap'' ({{lang-zh|龙水峡地缝}}), with its [[Three Natural Bridges]], has made the region a popular tourist attraction. The Yangtze River runs through the whole area from west to east, covering a course of {{cvt|665|km}}, cutting through the Wu Mountains at three places and forming the well-known [[Three Gorges]]: the Qutang, Wuxia and Xiling gorges.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ctg.com.cn/en/ |title=The Three Gorges Corp |publisher=Ctg.com.cn |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213211201/http://www.ctg.com.cn/en/ |archive-date=13 December 2013 |url-status=live}}</ref> Coming from northwest and running through "the Jialing Lesser Three Gorges" of Libi, Wentang and Guanyin, the [[Jialing River]] joins the Yangtze in Chongqing.<ref>{{cite web |title=Yangtze River |url=http://www.cnto.org/journeys/yangtze-river/ |publisher=Chinese National Tourism Office, US Chinese Embassy |access-date=31 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402114532/http://www.cnto.org/journeys/yangtze-river/ |archive-date=2 April 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Poem quote
 | title = Li Bai's Poem of Chongqing's [[Baidi Cheng]]
 | quote = Leaving at dawn the White Emperor crowned with cloud,
I've sailed a thousand li through canyons in a day.
With the monkeys' adieus the riverbanks are loud,
My skiff has left ten thousand mountains far away.
}}

The central urban area of Chongqing, called Chongqing proper, is built on mountains and partially surrounded by the Yangtze and Jialing rivers. With its special [[topography]], Chongqing's topography includes mountains, rivers, forests, springs, waterfalls, gorges, and caves. The [[Tang dynasty]] poet [[Li Bai]] was inspired by the natural scenery and wrote this [[epigram]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.poemhunter.com/li-po/ |title=Poems of Li Bai |via=Poemhunter.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120627195909/http://www.poemhunter.com/li-po/ |archive-date=27 June 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The Zhongliang ({{zhi|c=中梁山}}) and Tongluo ({{zhi|s=铜锣山}}) mountains roughly form the eastern and western boundaries of Chongqing's urban area. Several high mountains are situated outside central Chongqing, including the {{cvt|1709.4|m|abbr=on}}-high Wugong Ling Mountain in Jiangjin.{{citation needed|date=September 2024}}

===Climate===
[[File:Chongqing in fog 20140822.jpg|thumb|In the spring and fall, downtown Chongqing is often enshrouded in fog.]]
Chongqing has a monsoonal [[humid subtropical climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cwa''), bordering on a humid subtropical climate ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Cfa'') and for most of the year experiences very high relative humidity, with all months above 75%. Known as one of the "[[Three Furnaces]]" of the Yangtze River, along with [[Wuhan]] and [[Nanjing]], its summers are long and among the hottest and most humid in China, with highs of {{convert|34|°C|°F|0}} in July and August in the urban area.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/dataSetLogger.do?changeFlag=dataLogger |script-title=zh:中国气象局 国家气象信息中心 |publisher=Guangzhou Popular Science News Net ({{lang|zh-hans|广州科普资讯网}}) |language = zh-Hans |date=12 September 2007 |access-date=12 November 2014  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318113757/http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/dataSetLogger.do?changeFlag=dataLogger |archive-date=18 March 2013
}}</ref> Winters are short and somewhat mild, but damp and overcast. The city's location in the [[Sichuan Basin]] causes it to have one of the lowest annual sunshine totals nationally, at only 983 hours, lower than much of Northern Europe; the monthly percent possible sunshine in the city proper ranges from a mere 5% in January to 43% in August. Extremes since 1951 have ranged from {{convert|−1.8|°C|0}} on 11 January 1955 (unofficial record of {{convert|-2.5|°C|0}} was set on 8 February 1943) to {{convert|43.7|°C|0}} on 18 and 19 August 2022<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=57516&ano=2022&mes=8&day=20&hora=18&min=0&ndays=30|title=57516: Chongqing (China)|date=19 August 2022|website=ogimet.com|publisher=OGIMET|access-date=20 August 2022|language=es|archive-date=16 April 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416042713/https://www.ogimet.com/cgi-bin/gsynres?ind=57516&ano=2022&mes=8&day=20&hora=18&min=0&ndays=30|url-status=live}}</ref> (unofficial record of {{convert|44.0|°C|0}} was set on 8 and 9 August 1933).<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm |title = Extreme Temperatures Around the World |access-date = 22 May 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100826043944/http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm |archive-date = 26 August 2010 |df = dmy-all
}}</ref>

Chongqing, with over 100 days of fog per year,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://iesglobal.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=450&Itemid=404 |title=Chongqing Municipality |publisher=IES Global |access-date=17 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101011175556/http://iesglobal.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=450&Itemid=404 |archive-date=11 October 2010 }}</ref> is known as the "Fog City" ({{lang-zh|雾都}}); this is because in the spring and fall, a thick layer of fog enshrouds it for 68 days per year.<ref>
{{cite web |url = http://english.china.com/zh_cn/tourism/chongqing/11047307/20060331/13212034.html |title = Chongqing – City of Hills, Fog and Spicy Food |publisher = China.com |access-date = 17 July 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110927083357/http://english.china.com/zh_cn/tourism/chongqing/11047307/20060331/13212034.html |archive-date = 27 September 2011 |url-status = live |df = dmy-all
 }}
</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Lin|first=Yutang|title=The Vigil of a Nation|publisher=The John Day Company|date=1944}}{{page needed|date=August 2022}}</ref> During the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] (1937–1945), this special weather possibly played a role in protecting the city from being overrun by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]].

{{Chongqing weatherbox}}
<div style="width: 80%;"></div>
{{Weather box
| width = auto
| metric first = y
| single line = y
| collapsed = Y
| location = Chongqing ([[Shapingba]]), elevation {{convert|259|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (2024)
| Jan mean C = 10.5
| Feb mean C = 10.7
| Mar mean C = 16.7
| Apr mean C = 21.1
| May mean C = 24.0
| Jun mean C = 25.4
| Jul mean C = 30.8
| Aug mean C = 33.4
| Sep mean C = 32.0
| Oct mean C = 20.0
| Nov mean C = 15.7
| Dec mean C = 9.7
| source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}</ref><ref name="experience.arcgis.com">{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=10 October 2023}}</ref><ref name = CMA2 >
{{cite web|url = http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/dataSetLogger.do?changeFlag=dataLogger |title = 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集|publisher = [[China Meteorological Administration]]
|language = Chinese |access-date=2014-06-11}}</ref> all-time extreme temperature<ref name = Mherrera>{{cite web|url= http://www.mherrera.org/temp.htm|title= Extreme Temperatures Around the World|access-date= 2024-09-22}}</ref>
| source = 
}}

==Cityscape==
{{Panorama
| image =
| height = 360
| caption = Panorama of the [[Yuzhong District]] skyline in 2013
}}

<gallery class="center" widths="200px" heights="200px">
File:Jiangbeizui CBD.jpg|[[Jiangbeizui CBD]] from above, taken in 2018
File:Chaotianmen Bridge, Nan'an District of Chongqing.jpg|[[Chaotianmen Bridge]] connects [[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|Jiangbei District]] with [[Nan'an District]] of Chongqing, taken in 2018.
File:Jiefangbei.jpg|Jiefangbei ({{lang-zh|c=解放碑|l=People's Liberation Monument|labels=no}}) is a [[World War II]] victory monument.
File:Raffles City Chongqing 2019-9.jpg|[[Raffles City Chongqing]], sitting in the confluence of Yangtze and Jialing River
</gallery>

==Politics==
{{Main|Politics of Chongqing}}
{{See also|List of provincial leaders of the People's Republic of China}}

[[File:Chongqing Great Hall of the People 2017.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Great Hall of the People (Chongqing)|Great Hall of the People]] serves as the venue for major political conferences in Chongqing.]]
Since 1997, Chongqing has been a [[direct-controlled municipality]] in the Chinese administrative structure, making it a provincial-level division with commensurate political importance. The municipality's leader is [[Party Secretary of Chongqing|Secretary]] of the [[Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party|Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party]], which, since 2007, has also held a seat on the [[Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party]], the country's second highest governing council. Under the USSR-inspired [[nomenklatura]] system of appointments, individuals are appointed to the position by the central leadership of the CCP and bestowed to an official based on seniority and adherence to party orthodoxy, usually given to an individual with prior regional experience elsewhere in China and nearly never a native of Chongqing. Notable individuals who have held the municipal Party Secretary position include [[He Guoqiang]], [[Wang Yang (politician)|Wang Yang]], [[Bo Xilai]], [[Zhang Dejiang]], and [[Sun Zhengcai]], the latter three were Politburo members during their term as party chief. The party chief heads the municipal [[party standing committee]], the ''de facto'' top governing council of the municipality. The standing committee is typically composed of 13 individuals which includes the party chiefs of important subdivisions and other leading figures in the local party and government organization, as well as one military representative.

The [[Chongqing Municipal People's Government|municipal People's Government]] serves as the day-to-day administrative authority, and is headed by the [[Mayor of Chongqing|mayor]], who is assisted by numerous vice mayors and mayoral assistants. Each vice mayor is given jurisdiction over specific municipal departments. The mayor is the second-highest-ranking official in the municipality. The mayor usually represents the city when foreign guests visit.<ref>{{cite web |last=Page |first=Jeremy |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304459804577282280904864936 |title=Chongqing Party Chief Position |publisher=Online.wsj.com |date=15 March 2012 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171124203540/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702304459804577282280904864936 |archive-date=24 November 2017 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

The municipality also has a [[Chongqing Municipal People's Congress|Municipal People's Congress]], theoretically elected by lower level People's Congresses. The People's Congress nominally appoints the mayor and approves the nominations of other government officials. The People's Congress, like those of other provincial jurisdictions, is generally seen as a symbolic body. It convenes in full once a year to approve party-sponsored resolutions and local regulations and duly confirm party-approved appointments. On occasion the People's Congress can be venues of discussion on municipal issues, although this is dependent on the actions of individual delegates. The municipal People's Congress is headed by a former municipal official, usually in their late fifties or sixties, with a lengthy prior political career in Chongqing. The municipal Political Consultative Conference (''zhengxie'') meets at around the same time as the People's Congress. Its role is to advise on political issues. The ''zhengxie'' is headed by a leader who is typically a former municipal or regional official with a lengthy career in the party and government bureaucracy.

===Military===
Chongqing was the wartime capital of China during the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] (i.e., World War II), and from 1937 to 1945,<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | url=https://www.britannica.com/place/Chongqing/Administration-and-society#toc10770 | title=Chongqing History: The Modern Period | publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica Online | encyclopedia=Encyclopædia Britannica | access-date=31 July 2016 | author=Kuo, Ping-chia | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160622174649/https://www.britannica.com/place/Chongqing/Administration-and-society#toc10770 | archive-date=22 June 2016 | url-status=live | df=dmy-all }}</ref> the seat of administration for the Republic of China's government before its departure to [[Nanjing]] and then [[Taiwan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1920.htm |title=Chongqing, once a wartime capitol |publisher=En.cq.gov.cn |date=14 March 1997 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630171340/http://en.cq.gov.cn/AboutChongqing/1920.htm |archive-date=30 June 2012 }}</ref> After the eventual defeat at the [[Battle of Wuhan]] General Chiang-Kai Shek and the army were forced to use it as base of resistance from 1938 onwards.<ref name="Revisiting Chongqing: China's Secon"/> It also contains a military museum named after the Chinese [[Korean War]] hero [[Qiu Shaoyun]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vod.sxrtvu.edu:8081/englishonline/culture/chinaculture/chinaculture/en_museum/2003-09/24/content_30254.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203010137/http://vod.sxrtvu.edu:8081/englishonline/culture/chinaculture/chinaculture/en_museum/2003-09/24/content_30254.htm|archive-date=3 December 2013|title=Qiu Shaoyun Memorial Hall |access-date=16 October 2016}}</ref>

Chongqing used to be the headquarters of the [[13th Group Army]] of the [[People's Liberation Army]], one of the two group armies that formerly comprised the [[Chengdu Military Region]], which was reorganized into the [[Western Theater Command]] in 2016.{{citation needed|date=February 2023}}

===Administrative divisions===
{{Main list|List of administrative divisions of Chongqing|List of township-level divisions of Chongqing}}

Chongqing is the largest of the four direct-controlled municipalities of the People's Republic of China. The municipality is divided into 38 subdivisions (3 were abolished in 1997, and [[Wansheng]] and [[Shuangqiao District, Chongqing|Shuangqiao]] districts were abolished in October 2011<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.163.com/11/1027/18/7HD2AKAQ00014JB5.html |script-title=zh:重庆调整部分行政区划：4区(县)并为2区 |website=News.163.com |date=17 March 2010 |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111031082259/http://news.163.com/11/1027/18/7HD2AKAQ00014JB5.html |archive-date=31 October 2011 }}</ref>), consisting of 26 districts, 8 counties, and 4 autonomous counties. The boundaries of Chongqing municipality reach much farther into the city's hinterland than the boundaries of the other three provincial level municipalities (Beijing, Shanghai and [[Tianjin]]), and much of its administrative area, which spans over {{convert|80000|sqkm|sqmi|sigfig=3|abbr=on}}, is rural. At the end of year 2018, the total population is 31.02 million. As of 2022, Chongqing is the largest Chinese city by urban population, with a population of 22.80 million.<ref name="National Bureau of Statistics of China" />

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; text-align:center"
! colspan="14" |Administrative divisions of Chongqing
|-
| colspan="14" | <div class="center" style="position: relative">
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Chongqing 1.svg|width=890|link=}}
{{Image label|x=530|y=300|scale=890/890|text=[[Wanzhou District|'''Wanzhou''']]}}
{{Image label|x=360|y=460|scale=890/890|text=[[Fuling District|'''Fuling''']]}}
{{Image label|x=240|y=488|scale=890/890|text=[[Yuzhong District|'''1''']]}}
{{Image label|x=181|y=127|scale=890/890|text=[[Yuzhong District|'''Yuzhong''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=230|y=505|scale=890/890|text=[[Dadukou District|'''2''']]}}
{{Image label|x=100|y=230|scale=890/890|text=[[Dadukou District|'''Dadukou''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=280|y=475|scale=890/890|text=[[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|'''3''']]}}
{{Image label|x=180|y=110|scale=890/890|text=[[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|'''Jiangbei''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=210|y=470|scale=890/890|text=[[Shapingba District|'''4''']]}}
{{Image label|x=060|y=080|scale=890/890|text=[[Shapingba District|'''Shapingba''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=210|y=500|scale=890/890|text=[[Jiulongpo District|'''5''']]}}
{{Image label|x=060|y=190|scale=890/890|text=[[Jiulongpo District|'''Jiulongpo''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=257|y=490|scale=890/890|text=[[Nan'an District|'''6''']]}}
{{Image label|x=260|y=140|scale=890/890|text=[[Nan'an District|'''Nan'an''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=215|y=440|scale=890/890|text=[[Beibei District|'''Beibei''']]}}
{{Image label|x=250|y=600|scale=890/890|text=[[Qijiang District|'''Qijiang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=090|y=470|scale=890/890|text=[[Dazu District|'''Dazu''']]}}
{{Image label|x=265|y=440|scale=890/890|text=[[Yubei District|'''Yubei''']]}}
{{Image label|x=180|y=080|scale=890/890|text=[[Yubei District|'''Yubei''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=255|y=525|scale=890/890|text=[[Banan District, Chongqing|'''Banan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=250|y=215|scale=890/890|text=[[Banan District, Chongqing|'''Banan''']]}}<!--insert-->
{{Image label|x=580|y=510|scale=890/890|text=[[Qianjiang District|'''Qianjiang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=310|y=420|scale=890/890|text=[[Changshou District|'''Changshou''']]}}
{{Image label|x=160|y=560|scale=890/890|text=[[Jiangjin District|'''Jiangjin''']]}}
{{Image label|x=180|y=400|scale=890/890|text=[[Hechuan District|'''Hechuan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=090|y=525|scale=890/890|text=[[Yongchuan District|'''Yongchuan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=315|y=555|scale=890/890|text=[[Nanchuan District|'''Nanchuan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=185|y=460|scale=890/890|text={{Vertical text|style=font-size:75%;|[[Bishan District|'''Bishan''']]}}}}
{{Image label|x=125|y=440|scale=890/890|text=[[Tongliang District|'''Tongliang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=090|y=385|scale=890/890|text=[[Tongnan District|'''Tongnan''']]}}
{{Image label|x=037|y=510|scale=890/890|text=[[Rongchang District|'''Rongchang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=525|y=200|scale=890/890|text=[[Kaizhou District|'''Kaizhou''']]}}
{{Image label|x=415|y=305|scale=890/890|text=[[Liangping District|'''Liangping''']]}}
{{Image label|x=410|y=520|scale=890/890|text=[[Wulong District|'''Wulong''']]}}
{{Image label|x=585|y=095|scale=890/890|text=[[Chengkou County|'''Chengkou<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=435|y=430|scale=890/890|text=[[Fengdu County|'''Fengdu<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=360|y=360|scale=890/890|text=[[Dianjiang County|'''Dianjiang<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=443|y=350|scale=890/890|text=[[Zhong County|'''Zhong<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=590|y=235|scale=890/890|text=[[Yunyang County|'''Yunyang<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=695|y=240|scale=890/890|text=[[Fengjie County|'''Fengjie<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=785|y=220|scale=890/890|text=[[Wushan County, Chongqing|'''Wushan<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=690|y=150|scale=890/890|text=[[Wuxi County|'''Wuxi<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=510|y=390|scale=890/890|text=[[Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County|'''Shizhu<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=627|y=660|scale=890/890|text=[[Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County|'''Xiushan<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=590|y=590|scale=890/890|text=[[Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County|'''Youyang<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=495|y=520|scale=890/890|text=[[Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County|'''Pengshui<br />County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=605|y=350|scale=890/890|text=[[Yuzhong District|'''1. Yuzhong''']]}}
{{Image label|x=605|y=370|scale=890/890|text=[[Dadukou District|'''2. Dadukou''']]}}
{{Image label|x=605|y=390|scale=890/890|text=[[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|'''3. Jiangbei''']]}}
{{Image label|x=605|y=410|scale=890/890|text=[[Shapingba District|'''4. Shapingba''']]}}
{{Image label|x=605|y=430|scale=890/890|text=[[Jiulongpo District|'''5. Jiulongpo''']]}}
{{Image label|x=605|y=450|scale=890/890|text=[[Nan'an District|'''6. Nan'an''']]}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
|-
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | [[Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China|Division code]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjbz/cxfldm/2011/index.html |script-title=zh:国家统计局统计用区划代码 |publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China |language=zh-hans  |access-date=9 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130405092331/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjbz/cxfldm/2011/index.html |archive-date=5 April 2013 }}</ref>
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Division
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Area in km<sup>2</sup><ref>{{cite book|trans-title=China Statistical Yearbook 2011|title=《保定经济统计年鉴2011》|date=2011|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/english/publications/201202/t20120224_72338.html}}</ref>
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 |Total population 2010<ref>{{cite book <!--|editor1 =Census Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China |editor2 = Population and Employment Statistics Division of the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China --> |script-title=zh:中国2010年人口普查分乡、镇、街道资料 |year = 2012 |publisher=[[:zh:中国统计出版社|China Statistics Print]] |location=Beijing |isbn=978-7-5037-6660-2 |edition = 1st }}<!--|access-date=25 November 2015--></ref>
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 |Urban area<br />population 2010<ref name="2010PRCcensus">{{cite book |editor= 国务院人口普查办公室 |editor2=国家统计局人口和社会科技统计司 |year = 2012 |script-title=zh:中国2010年人口普查分县资料 |location=Beijing |publisher=[[:zh:中国统计出版社|China Statistics Print]] |isbn=978-7-5037-6659-6 }}</ref>
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Seat
!! scope="col" rowspan=2 | Postal code
!! scope="col" colspan=8 | Subdivisions<ref>{{cite book|trans-title=China Statistical Yearbook 2012|title=《中国民政统计年鉴2012》|date=2012|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics of China|url=http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2012/indexeh.htm|access-date=26 August 2022|archive-date=13 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221113175014/http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/ndsj/2012/indexeh.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Subdistrict (China)|Subdistricts]]
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Town (China)|Towns]]
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Townships of the People's Republic of China|Townships]]<br />{{#tag:ref|Including other township related subdivisions.|name=other|group=n}}
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Ethnic townships of the People's Republic of China|Ethnic townships]]
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Residential community|Residential communities]]
!! scope="col" width="45" | [[Villages of the People's Republic of China|Villages]]
|- style="font-weight: bold"
! 500000 !! Chongqing
| 82403 || 28,846,170 || 15295803 || [[Yuzhong District|Yuzhong]] || 400000 || 181 || 567 || 233 || 14 || 2324 || 5235
|-
! 500101 !! [[Wanzhou District|Wanzhou]]
| 3457 || 1,563,050 || 859,662 || [[Chenjiaba Subdistrict]]|| 404000 || 11 || 29 || 10 || 2 || 187 || 448
|-
! 500102 !! [[Fuling District|Fuling]]
| 2946 || 1,066,714 || 595,224 || [[Lizhi Subdistrict]]|| 408000 || 8 || 12 || 6 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 108 || 310
|-
! 500103 !! [[Yuzhong District|Yuzhong]]
| 23 ||colspan="2"| 630,090 || [[Qixinggang Subdistrict]]|| 400000 || 12 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 78 ||bgcolor="grey"|
|-
! 500104 !! [[Dadukou District|Dadukou]]
| 102 || 301,042 || 280,512 || [[Xinshancun Subdistrict]]|| 400000 || 5 || 2 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 48 || 32
|-
! 500105 !! [[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|Jiangbei]]
| 221 || 738,003 || 672,545 || [[Cuntan Subdistrict]]|| 400000 || 9 || 3 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 88 || 48
|-
! 500106 !! [[Shapingba District|Shapingba]]
| 396 || 1,000,013 || 900,568 || [[Qinjiagang Subdistrict]]|| 400000 || 18 || 8 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 140 || 86
|-
! 500107 !! [[Jiulongpo District|Jiulongpo]]
| 431 || 1,084,419 || 939,349 || [[Yangjiaping Subdistrict]]|| 400000 || 7 || 11 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 107 || 105
|-
! 500108 !! [[Nan'an District|Nan'an]]
| 263 || 759,570 || 683,717 || [[Tianwen Subdistrict]]|| 400000 || 7 || 7 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 85 || 61
|-
! 500109 !! [[Beibei District|Beibei]]
| 754 || 680,360 || 501,822 || [[Beiwenquan Subdistrict]]|| 400700 || 5 || 12 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 63 || 117
|-
! 500110 !! [[Qijiang District|Qijiang]]
| 2747 || 1,056,817 || 513,935 || [[Gunan Subdistrict]]|| 400800 || 5 || 25 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 99 || 365
|-
! 500111 !! [[Dazu District|Dazu]]
| 1433 || 721,359 || 315,183 || [[Tangxiang Subdistrict]]|| 400900 || 3 || 24 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 103 || 197
|-
! 500112 !! [[Yubei District|Yubei]]
| 1452 || 1,345,410 || 985,918 || [[Shuangfengqiao Subdistrict]]|| 401100 || 14 || 12 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 155 || 215
|-
! 500113 !! [[Banan District, Chongqing|Banan]]
| 1834 || 918,692 || 669,269 || [[Longzhouwan Subdistrict]]|| 401300 || 8 || 14 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 87 || 198
|-
! 500114 !! [[Qianjiang District|Qianjiang]]
| 2397 || 445,012 || 173,997 || [[Chengxi Subdistrict]]|| 409700 || 6 || 12 || 12 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 80 || 138
|-
! 500115 !! [[Changshou District|Changshou]]
| 1423 || 770,009 || 408,261 || [[Fengcheng Subdistrict]]|| 401200 || 4 || 14 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 31 || 223
|-
! 500116 !! [[Jiangjin District|Jiangjin]]
| 3200 || 1,233,149 || 686,189 || [[Jijiang Subdistrict]]|| 402200 || 4 || 24 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 85 || 180
|-
! 500117 !! [[Hechuan District|Hechuan]]
| 2356 || 1,293,028 || 721,753 || [[Nanjin Street Subdistrict]]|| 401500 || 7 || 23 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 61 || 327
|-
! 500118 !! [[Yongchuan District|Yongchuan]]
| 1576 || 1,024,708 || 582,769 || [[Zhongshan Road Subdistrict]]|| 402100 || 7 || 16 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 52 || 208
|-
! 500119 !! [[Nanchuan District|Nanchuan]]
| 2602 || 534,329 || 255,045 || [[Dongcheng Subdistrict, Nanchuan District|Dongcheng Subdistrict]]|| 408400 || 3 || 15 || 15 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 58 || 185
|-
! 500120 !! [[Bishan District|Bishan]]
| 912 || 586,034 || 246,425 || [[Bicheng Subdistrict]]|| 402700 || 6 || 9 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 43 || 142
|-
! 500151 !! [[Tongliang District|Tongliang]]
| 1342 || 600,086 || 248,962 || [[Bachuan Subdistrict]]|| 402500 || 3 || 25 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 57 || 269
|-
! 500152 !! [[Tongnan District|Tongnan]]
| 1585 || 639,985 || 247,084 || [[Guilin Subdistrict]]|| 402600 || 2 || 20 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 21 || 281
|-
! 500153 !! [[Rongchang District|Rongchang]]
| 1079 || 661,253 || 271,232 || [[Changyuan Subdistrict]]|| 402400 || 6 || 15 ||bgcolor="grey"|  ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 75 || 92
|-
! 500154 !! [[Kaizhou District|Kaizhou]]
| 3959 || 1,160,336 || 416,415 || [[Hanfeng Subdistrict]]|| 405400 || 7 || 26 || 7 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 78 || 435
|-
! 500155 !! [[Liangping District|Liangping]]
| 1890 || 687,525 || 235,753 || [[Liangshan Subdistrict]]|| 405200 || 2 || 26 || 7 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 33 || 310
|-
! 500156 !! [[Wulong District|Wulong]]
| 2872 || 351,038 || 115,823 || [[Gangkou, Chongqing|Gangkou]] town || 408500 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 12 || 10 || 4 || 24 || 184
|-
! 500229 !! [[Chengkou County|Chengkou Co.]]
| 3286 || 192,967 || 49,039 || [[Gecheng Subdistrict]]|| 405900 || 2 || 6 || 17 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 22 || 184
|-
! 500230 !! [[Fengdu County|Fengdu Co.]]
| 2896 || 649,182 || 224,003 || [[Sanhe Subdistrict, Fengdu County|Sanhe Subdistrict]] || 408200 || 2 || 23 || 5 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 53 || 277
|-
! 500231 !! [[Dianjiang County|Dianjiang Co.]]
| 1518 || 704,458 || 241,424 || [[Guixi Subdistrict]]|| 408300 || 2 || 23 || 2 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 62 || 236
|-
! 500233 !! [[Zhong County|Zhong Co.]]
| 2184 || 751,424 || 247,406 || [[Zhongzhou, Chongqing|Zhongzhou]] town || 404300 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 22 || 5 || 1 || 49 || 317
|-
! 500235 !! [[Yunyang County|Yunyang Co.]]
| 3634 || 912,912 || 293,636 || [[Shuangjiang Subdistrict]]|| 404500 || 4 || 22 || 15 || 1 || 87 || 391
|-
! 500236 !! [[Fengjie County|Fengjie Co.]]
| 4087 || 834,259 || 269,302 || [[Yong'an, Chongqing|Yong'an]] town || 404600 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 19 || 8 || 4 || 54 || 332
|-
! 500237 !! [[Wushan County, Chongqing|Wushan Co.]]
| 2958 || 495,072 || 148,597 || [[Gaotang Subdistrict]]|| 404700 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 11 || 12 || 2 || 30 || 308
|-
! 500238 !! [[Wuxi County|Wuxi Co.]]
| 4030 || 414,073 || 105,111 || [[Baichang Subdistrict]]|| 405800 || 2 || 15 || 16 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 38 || 292
|-
! 500240 !! [[Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County|Shizhu Co.]]
| 3013 || 415,050 || 134,173 || [[Nanbin]] town || 409100 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 17 || 15 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 29 || 213
|-
! 500241 !! [[Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County|Xiushan Co.]]
| 2450 || 501,590 || 150,566 || [[Zhonghe Subdistrict]]|| 409900 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 14 || 18 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 59 || 208
|-
! 500242 !! [[Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County|Youyang Co.]]
| 5173 || 578,058 || 137,635 || [[Taohuayuan, Chongqing|Taohuayuan]] town || 409800 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 15 || 23 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 8 || 270
|-
! 500243 !! [[Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County|Pengshui Co.]]
| 3903 || 545,094 || 137,409 || [[Hanjia Subdistrict]]|| 409600 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 11 || 28 ||bgcolor="grey"|  || 55 || 241
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible collapsed" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; width:90%; text-align:center"
! colspan="5" | Divisions in Chinese and varieties of romanizations
|-
! English
! Chinese
! Hanyu Pinyin
! Sichuanese Pinyin
|-
! Chongqing Municipality
| {{lang|zh-hans|重庆市}}
| Chóngqìng Shì
| cong<sup>2</sup> qin<sup>4</sup> si<sup>4</sup>
|-
! [[Wanzhou District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|万州区}}
| Wànzhōu Qū
| wan<sup>4</sup> zou<sup>2</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Fuling District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|涪陵区}}
| Fúlíng Qū
| <!-- qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Yuzhong District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|渝中区}}
| Yúzhōng Qū
| yu<sup>2</sup> zong<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Dadukou District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|大渡口区}}
| Dàdùkǒu Qū
| da<sup>4</sup> du<sup>4</sup> kou<sup>3</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|Jiangbei District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|江北区}}
| Jiāngběi Qū
| jiang<sup>1</sup> be<sup>2</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Shapingba District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|沙坪坝区}}
| Shāpíngbà Qū
| sa<sup>1</sup> pin<sup>2</sup> ba<sup>4</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Jiulongpo District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|九龙坡区}}
| Jiǔlóngpō Qū
| <!--jiu<sup>3</sup> nong<sup>2</sup>  qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Nan'an District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|南岸区}}
| Nán'àn Qū
| lan<sup>2</sup> ngan<sup>4</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Beibei District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|北碚区}}
| Běibèi Qū
| <!--be<sup>2</sup>  qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Qijiang District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|綦江区}}
| Qíjiāng Qū
| <!-- jiang<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Dazu District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|大足区}}
| Dàzú Qū
| <!--da<sup>4</sup>  qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Yubei District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|渝北区}}
| Yúběi Qū
| yu<sup>2</sup> be<sup>2</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Banan District, Chongqing|Banan District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|巴南区}}
| Bānán Qū
| ba<sup>1</sup> lan<sup>2</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Qianjiang District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|黔江区}}
| Qiánjiāng Qū
| <!-- jiang<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Changshou District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|长寿区}}
| Chángshòu Qū
| <!-- qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Jiangjin District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|江津区}}
| Jiāngjīn Qū
| jiang<sup>1</sup> jin<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Hechuan District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|合川区}}
| Héchuān Qū
| ho<sup>2</sup> cuan<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Yongchuan District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|永川区}}
| Yǒngchuān Qū
| yun<sup>3</sup> cuan<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Nanchuan District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|南川区}}
| Nánchuān Qū
| lan<sup>2</sup> cuan<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Bishan District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|璧山区}}
| Bìshān Qū
| <!--san<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Tongliang District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|铜梁区}}
| Tóngliáng Qū
| <!-- qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Tongnan District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|潼南区}}
| Tóngnán Qū
| <!-- lan<sup>2</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Rongchang District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|荣昌区}}
| Róngchāng Qū
| <!--yun<sup>2</sup>  qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Kaizhou District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|开州区}}
| Kāizhōu Qū
| kai<sup>1</sup> zou<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Liangping District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|梁平区}}
| Liángpíng Qū
| <!-- pin<sup>2</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>-->
|-
! [[Wulong District]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|武隆区}}
| Wǔlóng Qū
| wu<sup>3</sup> nong<sup>2</sup> qu<sup>1</sup>
|-
! [[Chengkou County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|城口县}}
| Chéngkǒu Xiàn
| cen<sup>2</sup> kou<sup>3</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>
|-
! [[Fengdu County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|丰都县}}
| Fēngdū Xiàn
| <!-- du<sup>1</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Dianjiang County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|垫江县}}
| Diànjiāng Xiàn
| <!-- jiang<sup>1</sup> qu<sup>1</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Zhong County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|忠县}}
| Zhōngxiàn
| zong<sup>1</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>
|-
! [[Yunyang County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|云阳县}}
| Yúnyáng Xiàn
| yun<sup>2</sup> yang<sup>2</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>
|-
! [[Fengjie County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|奉节县}}
| Fèngjié Xiàn
| <!-- jie<sup>2</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Wushan County, Chongqing|Wushan County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|巫山县}}
| Wūshān Xiàn
| <!--san<sup>1</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Wuxi County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|巫溪县}}
| Wūxī Xiàn
| <!-- qi<sup>1</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|石柱土家族自治县}}
| Shízhù Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn
| <!-- xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|秀山土家族苗族自治县}}
| Xiùshān Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn
| <!-- san<sup>1</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|酉阳土家族苗族自治县}}
| Yǒuyáng Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn
| <!-- yang<sup>2</sup> xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|-
! [[Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County]]
| {{lang|zh-hans|彭水苗族土家族自治县}}
| Péngshuǐ Miáozú Tǔjiāzú Zìzhìxiàn
| <!--pen<sup>2</sup>  xian<sup>3</sup>-->
|}
{{reflist|group=n}}

====Urban areas====
{|class="wikitable sortable collapsible"
! colspan="6" | Population by urban areas of districts
|-
!#!!City!!style ="background-color: #aaaaff;"|Urban area<ref name="2010PRCcensus"/>!!style ="background-color: #aaffaa;"|District area<ref name="2010PRCcensus" />!!Census date
|-
|1||Chongqing{{efn-lr|name=Chongqing|Chongqing core districts are consist of nine districts: [[Yuzhong District|Yuzhong]], [[Dadukou District|Dadukou]], [[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|Jiangbei]], [[Shapingba District|Shapingba]], [[Jiulongpo District|Jiulongpo]], [[Nan'an District|Nan'an]], [[Beibei District|Beibei]], [[Yubei District|Yubei]], & [[Banan District, Chongqing|Banan]].}}||6,263,790||7,457,599||2010-11-01
|-
|2||[[Wanzhou District|Wanzhou]]||859,662||1,563,050||2010-11-01
|-
|3||[[Hechuan District|Hechuan]]||721,753||1,293,028||2010-11-01
|-
|4||[[Jiangjin District|Jiangjin]]||686,189||1,233,149||2010-11-01
|-
|5||[[Fuling District|Fuling]]||595,224||1,066,714||2010-11-01
|-
|6||[[Yongchuan District|Yongchuan]]||582,769||1,024,708||2010-11-01
|-
|7||[[Qijiang District|Qijiang]]{{efn-lr|name=Qijiang|[[Wansheng District]] & Qijiang County currently known as Qijiang District after census.}}||513,935||1,056,817||2010-11-01
|- bgcolor="lightyellow"
|(8)||[[Kaizhou District|Kaizhou]]{{efn-lr|name=Kaizhou|Kaizhou County is currently known as Kaizhou District after census.}}||416,415||1,160,336||2010-11-01
|-
|9||[[Changshou District|Changshou]]||408,261||770,009||2010-11-01
|-
|10||[[Dazu District|Dazu]]{{efn-lr|name=Dazu|[[Shuangqiao District, Chongqing|Shuangqiao District]] & Dazu County currently known as Dazu District after census.}}||315,183||721,359||2010-11-01
|- bgcolor="lightyellow"
|(11)||[[Rongchang District|Rongchang]]{{efn-lr|name=Rongchang|Rongchang County is currently known as Rongchang District after census.}}||271,232||661,253||2010-11-01
|-
|12||[[Nanchuan District|Nanchuan]]||255,045||534,329||2010-11-01
|- bgcolor="lightyellow"
|(13)||[[Tongliang District|Tongliang]]{{efn-lr|name=Tongliang|Tongliang County is currently known as Tongliang District after census.}}||248,962||600,086||2010-11-01
|- bgcolor="lightyellow"
|(14)||[[Tongnan District|Tongnan]]{{efn-lr|name=Tongnan|Tongnan County is currently known as Tongnan District after census.}}||247,084||639,985||2010-11-01
|- bgcolor="lightyellow"
|(15)||[[Bishan District|Bishan]]{{efn-lr|name=Bishan|Bishan County is currently known as Bishan District after census.}}||246,425||586,034||2010-11-01
|- bgcolor="lightyellow"
|(16)||[[Liangping District|Liangping]]{{efn-lr|name=Liangping|Liangping County is currently known as Liangping District after census.}}||235,753||687,525||2010-11-01
|-
|17||[[Qianjiang District|Qianjiang]]||173,997||445,012||2010-11-01
|- bgcolor="lightyellow"
|(18)||[[Wulong District|Wulong]]{{efn-lr|name=Wulong|Wulong County is currently known as Wulong District after census.}}||115,823||351,038||2010-11-01
|}
{{notelist-lr}}
{{Clear}}

{{col-begin|width=auto}}
{{col-break}}
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
|+ '''<big>Districts</big>'''
! [[Pinyin]] name !! Previous<br />association{{smallsup|a}}</tr>
| [[Banan District, Chongqing|Banan]] ||rowspan="6"| Chongqing</tr>
| [[Beibei District|Beibei]] </tr>
| [[Bishan District|Bishan]]</tr>
| [[Changshou District|Changshou]]</tr>
| [[Dadukou District|Dadukou]]</tr>
| [[Dazu District|Dazu]]</tr>
| [[Fuling District|Fuling]]|| Fuling</tr>
| [[Hechuan District|Hechuan]] ||rowspan="4"| Chongqing</tr>
| [[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|Jiangbei]]</tr>
| [[Jiangjin District|Jiangjin]]</tr>
| [[Jiulongpo District|Jiulongpo]]</tr>
| [[Kaizhou District|Kaizhou]]                  ||rowspan="2"| Wanxian</tr>
| [[Liangping District|Liangping]]</tr>
| [[Nan'an District|Nan'an]]                || Chongqing</tr>
| [[Nanchuan District|Nanchuan]]            || Fuling</tr>
| [[Qianjiang District|Qianjiang]]          || Qianjiang</tr>
| [[Shapingba District|Shapingba]]          ||rowspan="5"| Chongqing</tr>
| [[Tongliang District|Tongliang]]</tr>
| [[Tongnan County|Tongnan]]</tr>
| [[Qijiang District|Qijiang]]</tr>
| [[Rongchang County|Rongchang]]</tr>
| [[Wanzhou District|Wanzhou]]              ||| Wanxian</tr>
| [[Wulong County|Wulong]]            || Fuling</tr>
| [[Yubei District|Yubei]]                  ||rowspan="3"| Chongqing</tr>
| [[Yongchuan District|Yongchuan]]</tr>
| [[Yuzhong District|Yuzhong]]</tr>
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
|+ '''<big>Counties</big>'''
! [[Pinyin]] name !! Previous<br />association{{smallsup|a}}</tr>
| [[Chengkou County|Chengkou]]        || Wanxian</tr>
| [[Dianjiang County|Dianjiang]]      ||rowspan="2"| Fuling</tr>
| [[Fengdu County|Fengdu]]</tr>
| [[Fengjie County|Fengjie]]          ||rowspan="5"| Wanxian</tr>
| [[Wushan County, Chongqing|Wushan]]</tr>
| [[Wuxi County|Wuxi]]</tr>
| [[Yunyang County|Yunyang]]</tr>
| [[Zhong County|Zhong]]</tr>
|}
{{col-break}}
{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%;"
|+ '''<big>Autonomous counties</big>'''
! [[Pinyin]] name !! Previous<br />association{{smallsup|a}}
|-
| [[Pengshui Miao and Tujia Autonomous County|Pengshui]] ||rowspan="4"| Qianjiang</tr>
|-
| [[Shizhu Tujia Autonomous County|Shizhu]]</tr>
|-
| [[Xiushan Tujia and Miao Autonomous County|Xiushan]]</tr>
|-
| [[Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County|Youyang]]</tr>
|}
{{col-end}}

{{smaller|<sup>a</sup> Indicates with which district the division was associated below prior to the merging of Chongqing, Fuling, Wanxian (now Wanzhou) and Qianjiang in 1997.}}

====Central Chongqing====
[[File:A View of Chongqing Central Business District.jpg|thumb|[[Jiefangbei CBD]], Yuzhong Peninsula of Chongqing at dusk]]
The main urban area of Chongqing city ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆主城区}}) spans approximately {{convert|5473|km2|abbr=on}}, and includes the following nine districts:<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/Government/OfficialRelease/2013/9/23/1064607.shtml |title=Position of Five Function Districts in Chongqing |publisher=Chongqing Municipal Government |date=22 September 2013 |access-date=26 May 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141121233811/http://en.cq.gov.cn/Government/OfficialRelease/2013/9/23/1064607.shtml |archive-date=21 November 2014 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://cq.cqnews.net/cqztlm/node_253631.htm |script-title=zh:五大功能区域: 都市功能核心区 |trans-title=Five Functional Districts: Urban-function Core District |publisher=CQNEWS Corporation |access-date=26 May 2015  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150527114132/http://cq.cqnews.net/cqztlm/node_253631.htm |archive-date=27 May 2015 }}</ref>
* [[Yuzhong District]] ({{lang|zh-Hans|渝中区}}, literally "Central Chongqing District"), the central and most densely populated district, where government and international business offices and the city's best shopping are located in the district's [[Jiefangbei CBD]] (''[[Central Business District]]'') area. Yuzhong is located on the peninsula surrounded by Eling Hill, Yangtze River and Jialing River.
* [[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|Jiangbei District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|江北区}}, literally "North of the River District"), located to the north of Jialing River.
* [[Shapingba District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|沙坪坝区}}), roughly located between Jialing River and Zhongliang Mountain.
* [[Jiulongpo District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|九龙坡区}}), roughly located between Yangtze River and Zhongliang Mountain.
* [[Nan'an District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|南岸区}}, literally "Southern Bank District"), located on the south side of Yangtze River.
* [[Dadukou District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|大渡口区}})
* [[Banan District, Chongqing|Banan District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|巴南区}}, literally "Southern of Ba District"). Previously called Ba County, and changed to the current name in 1994.
* [[Yubei District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|渝北区}}, or "Northern Chongqing District"). Previously called Jiangbei County, and changed into the current name in 1994.
* [[Beibei District]] ({{lang|zh-hans|北碚区}}), a satellite district northwest of Chongqing.

==Demographics==
===Population===
[[File:Jiefangbei (People's Liberation Monument).jpg|thumb|left|Jiefangbei (People's Liberation Monument), the landmark and center of Chongqing]]

{{Historical populations
|type=China
|1949|1003000
|1979|6301000
|1983|13890000
|1996|15297000
|1997<ref name="statyb2014">{{cite web|url=http://jtj.cq.gov.cn/html/tjsj/tjnj/
|trans-title=Statistical Yearbook 2014|script-title=zh:统计年鉴2014|publisher=Statistics Bureau of Chongqing|language = zh-hans|date=9 February 2015|access-date=1 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402073159/http://jtj.cq.gov.cn/html/tjsj/tjnj/|archive-date=2 April 2015
}}</ref>*|28753000
|2000<ref name="statyb2014"/>|28488200
|2005<ref name="statyb2014"/>|27980000
|2008<ref name="statyb2014"/>|28390000
|2012<ref name="statyb2014"/>|28846170
|2013<ref name="statyb2014"/>|29700000
|2014<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cqtj.gov.cn/html/tjsj/tjgb/15/03/7345.html|trans-title=Chongqing Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin 2014|script-title=zh:2014年重庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报|publisher=Chongqing Bureau of Statistics|language = zh-Hans|date=16 March 2015|access-date=1 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150523021109/http://www.cqtj.gov.cn/html/tjsj/tjgb/15/03/7345.html|archive-date=23 May 2015
}}</ref>|29914000
|2015<ref>
{{cite web|url=http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103|title=Annual Total Population by Provinces|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics China|language=en|access-date=15 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419130250/http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103|archive-date=19 April 2016|url-status=live}}
</ref>|30170000
|footnote = <nowiki>*</nowiki>Population size in 1997 was affected by expansion of administrative divisions.
}}

According to the [[2020 Chinese census|2020 national census]], Chongqing has a population of 32,054,159, accounting for around 2.27% of the national total.<ref name="data2022" /> This makes it the [[List of largest cities|most populous city proper in the world]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Banerjee |first=Bhabna |date=15 August 2023 |title=Ranked: The World’s Largest Cities By Population |url=https://www.visualcapitalist.com/ranked-the-worlds-largest-cities-by-population/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240610213554/https://www.visualcapitalist.com/ranked-the-worlds-largest-cities-by-population/ |archive-date=10 June 2024 |website=Visual Capitalist}}</ref> {{As of|2010}}, the [[metropolitan area]] encompassing the central urban area was estimated by the [[OECD]] to have, a population of 17 million.<ref>{{cite news|first=Justina|last=Crabtree|title=A tale of megacities: China's largest metropolises - section Chongqing|url=https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/20/biggest-megacities-in-china.html#:~:text=Chongqing |work=CNBC|date=20 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241215194520/https://www.cnbc.com/2016/09/20/biggest-megacities-in-china.html#:~:text=Chongqing|archive-date=15 December 2024|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|doi=10.1787/9789264230040-en|title=OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015, OECD READ edition|url=http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en#page39|publisher=[[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]]|page=37|via=OECD iLibrary|language=en|date=18 April 2015|issn=2306-9341|isbn=9789264230033|access-date=8 December 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327210032/http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en#page39|archive-date=27 March 2017|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.oecd.org/china/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015-9789264230040-en.htm|title=OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015|date=2015-04-18|publisher=OECD|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171209044027/http://www.oecd.org/china/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015-9789264230040-en.htm|archive-date=9 December 2017 }}</ref>

The Census also lists the male percentage as 50.55% and the female percentage as 49.55%. In terms of age distribution, of the total population, 15.91% were age 0–14, 62.22% were 15–64, and 21.87% were 65 and over. Of the population's highest education level achieved, 15.41% were college, 15.96% were high school, 30.58% were middle school, and 29.89% were elementary school.<ref name="data2022" /> {{As of|2021}}, 70.4% of Chongqing's population is estimated to be urban, and 29.6% rural.<ref name="data2022">{{cite web|url=https://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103|title=National Data|publisher=[[National Bureau of Statistics of China]]|date=1 March 2022|access-date=23 March 2022|archive-date=9 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200109073448/http://data.stats.gov.cn/english/easyquery.htm?cn=E0103|url-status=live}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{See also|Christianity in Sichuan|Islam in Sichuan|Zoroastrianism in Sichuan}}
{{Pie chart
|caption = Religion in Chongqing<ref name="Wang2015">{{cite thesis|last=Wang|first=Xiuhua|title=Explaining Christianity in China: Why a Foreign Religion has Taken Root in Unfertile Ground|url=https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1|type=Master's thesis|year=2015|page=15|url-status=live|archive-date=2015-09-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150925123928/https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/baylor-ir/bitstream/handle/2104/9326/WANG-THESIS-2015.pdf?sequence=1}}</ref>{{NoteTag|The data was collected by the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) of 2009 and by the Chinese Spiritual Life Survey (CSLS) of 2007, reported and assembled by Xiuhua Wang (2015)<ref name="Wang2015" /> in order to confront the proportion of people identifying with two similar social structures: ① Christian churches, and ② folk traditional Chinese religion of the lineage (i. e. people practicing ancestral worship are often classified into [[Chinese lineage associations|lineage "churches"]] and [[ancestral shrine]]s). Data for other religions with a significant presence in China (Buddhism, Taoism, folk religious sects, etc.) was not reported by Wang.}}
|label1 = [[Chinese ancestral religion]]
|value1 = 26.63
|color1 = red
|label2 = [[Christianity in Sichuan|Christianity]]
|value2 = 1.05
|color2 = blue
|label3 = Other or no religion{{NoteTag|This may include:
* [[Buddhism|Buddhists]];
* [[Confucianism|Confucians]];
* [[Chinese folk religion|Folk religionists]];
* [[Taoism|Taoists]];
* Members of [[Chinese salvationist religions|folk religious sects]];
* Small minorities of [[Islam in Sichuan|Muslim]]s;
* And people not bounded to, nor practicing any, institutional or diffuse religion.}}
|value3 = 72.32
|color3 = Lightgrey
}}

The predominant religions in Chongqing are [[Chinese folk religion]]s, [[Taoism|Taoist traditions]] and [[Chinese Buddhism]]. According to surveys conducted in 2007 and 2009, 26.63% of the population practices [[Chinese ancestral religion]], while 1.05% of the population identifies as [[Christianity|Christian]].<ref name="Wang2015"/>

The reports did not give figures for other types of religion; 72.32% of the population may be either irreligious or involved in [[Chinese folk religion|worship of nature deities]], Buddhism, [[Confucianism]], [[Taoism]], or [[Chinese salvationist religions|folk religious sects]].

In 2010, there were 9,056 [[Muslims]] in Chongqing.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Muslim in China|url=https://www.topchinatravel.com/china-muslim/muslim-in-china.htm|access-date=2021-08-04|publisher=Top China Travel|archive-date=3 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103193156/https://www.topchinatravel.com/china-muslim/muslim-in-china.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

{{multiple image
| align             = center
| direction         = horizontal
| image1            = Large statue on hilltop at Fengdu Ghost City.JPG
| width1            = 150
| caption1          = The [[Jade Emperor]] at the [[Fengdu Ghost City]]
| image2            = 重慶華巖寺接引殿牌坊.JPG
| width2            = 200
| caption2          = Buddhist temple in [[Jiulongpo District|Jiulongpo]]
}}

==Economy==
{{Main|Economy of Chongqing}}
Chongqing was a major recipient of China's investment in industrial capacity during the [[Third Front (China)|Third Front]] campaign.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lan |first=Xiaohuan |title=How China Works: An Introduction to China's State-led Economic Development |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |year=2024 |isbn=978-981-97-0079-0 |translator-last=Topp |translator-first=Gary |doi=10.1007/978-981-97-0080-6}}</ref>{{Rp|page=298}}

There has been a massive government push to transform Chongqing into the region's economic, trade, and [[financial center]] and use the municipality as a platform to open up the country's western interior to further development.<ref>{{cite web |title=Innovative City in West China Chongqing |url=http://swopec.hhs.se/eijswp/papers/eijswp0239.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170657/http://swopec.hhs.se/eijswp/papers/eijswp0239.pdf |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=1 February 2009 |work=Jon Sigurdson and Krystyna Palonka of Stockholm School of Economics, EIJS}}</ref> Chongqing is facing rapid [[urbanization]]. For instance, statistics suggest that new construction added approximately {{convert|137,000|m2|sqft|abbr=on}} daily of usable floor space to satisfy demands for residential, commercial and factory space.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tapscott |first1=Don |title=Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything |last2=Williams |first2=Anthony D. |publisher=Penguin |year=2006 |isbn=9781591843672 |page=218}}</ref> Thus, Chongqing was separated from Sichuan province and made into a municipality in its own right on 14 March 1997<ref>{{cite web |url=http://au.china-embassy.org/eng/xw/t331343.htm |title=Chinese vice premier urges Chongqing to become economic engine for western regions |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023449/http://au.china-embassy.org/eng/xw/t331343.htm |archive-date=4 March 2016 |work=Embassy of the People's Republic of China in Australia |access-date=31 January 2009 }}</ref> in order to accelerate its development and subsequently China's relatively poorer western areas (see [[China Western Development]] strategy).<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-12/31/content_10587431.htm |title=China urges reform, development of Chongqing municipality |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130823091135/http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-12/31/content_10587431.htm |archive-date=23 August 2013 |newspaper=Xinhua News Agency |access-date=31 January 2009 }}</ref> By the 2000s the city had become an important industrial area in western China.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tdctrade.com/mktprof/china/mpchq.htm |title=Market Profiles on Chinese Cities and Provinces (hktdc.com) |publisher=Tdctrade.com |access-date=14 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060104094023/http://www.tdctrade.com/mktprof/china/mpchq.htm |archive-date=4 January 2006 |url-status=live}}</ref>

{{As of|2022}}, Chongqing's [[Gross domestic product|nominal GDP]] was [[United States dollar|US$]]433 billion ([[Renminbi|CN¥]] 2.91 trilion), about 2.41% of the country's GDP and ranked [[List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP|16th]] among [[Administrative divisions of China|province-level administrative units]]; the municipality's primary, secondary and tertiary industries were worth CN¥201.21 billion (US$29.92 billion), CN¥1.169 trillion (US$173.86 billion) and CN¥1.542 trillion (US$229.3 billion) respectively. Its nominal GDP per capita was US$13,479 (CN¥90,663) and ranked [[List of Chinese provincial-level divisions by GDP per capita|10th]] in the country.<ref name="data2022" />

Chongqing has been identified by the [[Economist Intelligence Unit]] in the November 2010 Access China White Paper as a member of the [[CHAMPS (China)|CHAMPS]] (Chongqing, [[Hefei]], [[Anshan City|Anshan]], [[Maanshan]], [[Pingdingshan]] and [[Shenyang]]), an economic profile of the top 20 emerging cities in China.<ref>{{cite web |date=9 November 2010 |title=The Rise of The 'Champs' – New Report Maps Business Opportunity in China's Fastest Growing Cities |url=http://www.sourcewire.com/releases/rel_display.php?relid=60590 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406135228/http://www.sourcewire.com/releases/rel_display.php?relid=60590 |archive-date=6 April 2012 |access-date=14 March 2011 |publisher=Sourcewire.com}}</ref>

Traditionally, due to its geographic inaccessibility, Chongqing and [[Sichuan]] have both been important military bases in weapons research and development.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.accci.com.au/keycity/chongqing.htm |title=Chongqing Municipality(重慶市) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307133351/http://www.accci.com.au/keycity/chongqing.htm |archive-date=7 March 2016 |work=The Australia-China Chamber of Commerce and Industry of New South Wales |access-date=31 January 2009 }}</ref> Even though Chongqing's industries are diversified, unlike eastern China, its export sector is small due to its relatively disadvantageous inland location. Instead, factories producing local-oriented consumer goods such as processed food, cars, chemicals, textiles, machinery, sports equipment and electronics are common.

Chongqing is China's third largest motor vehicle production center and the largest for motorcycles. In 2007, it had an annual output capacity of 1&nbsp;million cars and 8.6&nbsp;million motorcycles.<ref name="China Business Review">{{cite news |url=http://www.chinabusinessreview.com/pillar-of-the-west/ |title=Critical Eye on Chongqing – Pillar of the West  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160406094935/http://www.chinabusinessreview.com/pillar-of-the-west/ |archive-date=6 April 2016 |work=China Business Review |access-date=31 January 2009 }}</ref> Leading makers of cars and motorbikes includes China's fourth biggest automaker; [[Chang'an Motors|Changan Automotive Corp]] and [[Lifan Group|Lifan Hongda Enterprise]], as well as [[Ford Motor Company]], with the US car giant having 3 plants in Chongqing. The municipality is also one of China's nine largest iron and steel producers in China as well as one of its three major aluminum producers. Important manufacturers include [[Chongqing Iron and Steel Company]] (重庆钢铁股份有限公司) and Southwest Aluminum (西南鋁業), which is Asia's largest aluminum plant.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4512015.stm |work=BBC News |title=China's west seeks to impress investors |date=4 May 2005 |access-date=28 April 2010 |first=Nick |last=MacKie |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060613203549/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/4512015.stm |archive-date=13 June 2006 }}</ref> Agriculture remains significant. Rice and fruits, especially oranges, are the area's main produce. Natural resources are also abundant with large deposits of coal, natural gas, and more than 40 kinds of minerals such as [[strontium]] and [[manganese]]. Coal reserves total approximately {{convert|4,800,000,000|t|sp=us}}. Chuandong Natural Gas Field is China's largest inland gas field with deposits of around 270&nbsp;billion m<sup>3</sup> – more than 1/5 of China's total. Has China's largest reserve of strontium (China has the world's 2nd biggest strontium deposit). Manganese is mined in the Xiushan area. Although the mining sector has been denounced as heavily polluting and unsafe.{{NoteTag|A survey in 2005 by China's [[State Environmental Protection Administration]] (SEPA) found 13 firms in the manganese triangle had breached targets on the release of hexavalent chromium and ammonia-nitrogen – in the worst case, by a factor of 180. The cleanup ordered by SEPA resulted in firms closing and the expenditure of 280 million yuan.}} Chongqing is also planned to be the site of a 10&nbsp;million ton capacity refinery operated by [[China National Petroleum Corporation|CNPC]] (parent company of [[PetroChina]]) to process imported crude oil from the [[Sino-Myanmar pipelines]]. The pipeline itself, though not yet finished, will eventually run from [[Sittwe]] (in Myanmar's western coast) through [[Kunming]] in Yunnan before reaching Chongqing<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/ID24Cb01.html |title=China-Myanmar pipeline projects on track |website=Atimes.com |date=24 April 2007 |access-date=14 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207125648/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/ID24Cb01.html |archive-date=7 December 2008 |url-status=unfit  }}</ref> and it will provide China with fuels sourced from Myanmar, the Middle East and Africa. Recently, there has been a drive to move up the [[value chain]] by shifting towards high technology and knowledge intensive industries resulting in new development zones such as the Chongqing New North Zone (CNNZ).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnnz.gov.cn/en/view_04.asp |title=Main Industry in CNNZ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207115556/http://www.cnnz.gov.cn/en/view_04.asp |archive-date=7 December 2008 }}</ref> Chongqing's local government is hoping through the promotion of favorable economic policies for the electronics and information technology sectors, that it can create a 400&nbsp;billion RMB high technology manufacturing hub which will surpass its car industry and account for 25% of its exports.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thechinaperspective.com/index.php?cmd=pharticle&articleid=6216|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110716225715/http://thechinaperspective.com/index.php?cmd=pharticle&articleid=6216|archive-date=16 July 2011 |title=China Business News: HP Foxcom Setup Laptop Plants in Chongqing |publisher=The China Perspective |access-date=14 March 2011 }}</ref>

The city has also invested heavily in infrastructure to attract investment.<ref name="China Business Review"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allroadsleadtochina.com/index.php/2007/05/30/fdi-and-investment-zones-part-iii-chongqing/ |title=Chongqing Investment Zone Profiles |publisher=Allroadsleadtochina.com |date=30 May 2007 |access-date=14 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207143808/http://www.allroadsleadtochina.com/index.php/2007/05/30/fdi-and-investment-zones-part-iii-chongqing/ |archive-date=7 December 2008 |url-status=live  }}</ref> The network of roads and railways connecting Chongqing to the rest of China has been expanded and upgraded reducing [[Logistics|logistical]] costs. Furthermore, the nearby [[Three Gorges Dam]] which is the world's largest, supplies Chongqing with power and allows oceangoing ships to reach Chongqing's [[Yangtze River]] port.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/1999/china.50/asian.superpower/three.gorges |title=China's Three Gorges Dam |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160503201210/http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/1999/china.50/asian.superpower/three.gorges/ |archive-date=3 May 2016 |work=CNN |access-date=31 January 2009 }}</ref> These infrastructure improvements have led to the arrivals of numerous foreign direct investors (FDI) in industries ranging from [[Automobile|car]] to finance and retailing; such as [[Ford Motor Company|Ford]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2012/08/27/ford-breaks-ground-new-plant-southwest-china/DxrazNTZEu1PvSEbOZhElM/story.html |access-date=20 March 2017 |title=Ford building sixth plant in China |author=Dee-Ann Durbin |date=28 August 2012 |publisher=Associated Press |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170320232856/https://www.bostonglobe.com/business/2012/08/27/ford-breaks-ground-new-plant-southwest-china/DxrazNTZEu1PvSEbOZhElM/story.html |archive-date=20 March 2017 |url-status=live  }}</ref> [[Mazda]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Seetharaman |first=Deepa |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ford-china-idUSBRE87Q01Y20120827 |title=Mazda in Chongqing |date=27 August 2012 |agency=Reuters.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016233838/http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/08/27/us-ford-china-idUSBRE87Q01Y20120827 |archive-date=16 October 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref> [[HSBC]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hsbc.com.cn/1/2/misc/gpa/news/28dec09 |title=HSBC opens bank in Chongqing |publisher=Hsbc.com.cn |date=28 December 2009 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129021337/http://www.hsbc.com.cn/1/2/misc/gpa/news/28dec09 |archive-date=29 November 2014 }}</ref> [[Standard Chartered Bank]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.standardchartered.com.cn/news/2007/pdf_press_20070823.pdf |title=Standard Chartered open a bank in Chongqing |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512223329/http://www.standardchartered.com.cn/news/2007/pdf_press_20070823.pdf |archive-date=12 May 2013 }}</ref> [[Citibank]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.citigroup.com/citi/press/2011/110331a.htm |title=Citibank opens branch in Chongqing |publisher=Citigroup.com |date=31 March 2011 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140703033413/http://www.citigroup.com/citi/press/2011/110331a.htm |archive-date=3 July 2014 |url-status=live  }}</ref> [[Deutsche Bank]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deutsche-bank.de/en/content/company/headlines_3097.htm |date=28 April 2011
|title=Branch opening in Chongqing: Deutsche Bank – a strong partner in China |access-date=3 September 2012  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130509065350/https://www.deutsche-bank.de/en/content/company/headlines_3097.htm |archive-date=9 May 2013  }}</ref> [[ANZ Bank]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.anz.com/china/en/about-us/our-company/china/ |title=ANZ Bank opens a branch in Chongqing |publisher=Anz.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130615141809/http://www.anz.com/china/en/about-us/our-company/china/ |archive-date=15 June 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> [[Scotiabank]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scotiabank.com/ca/en/0,,2701,00.html|title=People's Republic of China |website=Scotiabank|access-date=16 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120826190341/http://www.scotiabank.com/ca/en/0,,2701,00.html|archive-date=26 August 2012 }}</ref> [[Wal-Mart]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Yue |first=Terril |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-walmart-china-idUSTRE79O0TY20111025 |title=Wal-Mart reopens Chongqing locations |date=25 October 2011 |agency=Reuters.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-date=17 December 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151217084947/http://www.reuters.com/article/us-walmart-china-idUSTRE79O0TY20111025 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Metro AG]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://chinaepress.com/tag/metro-ag/|title=Multinational Grocery Stores in Chongqing|url-status=usurped|archive-date=2018-10-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181029102628/http://chinaepress.com/tag/metro-ag/}}</ref> and [[Carrefour]],<ref>{{cite web |last=Tan |first=Kenneth |url=http://shanghaiist.com/2007/11/12/3_dead_in_chong.php |title=Chongqing Carrefour Stampede |publisher=Shanghaiist.com |date=12 November 2007 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016233837/http://shanghaiist.com/2007/11/12/3_dead_in_chong.php |archive-date=16 October 2015 |url-status=live  }}</ref> among other multinational corporations.

===Economic and technological development zones===
The city includes a number of economic and technological development zones:
* Chongqing Chemical Industrial Park<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chinaknowledge.com/Manufacturing/IndustrialPark.aspx?province=4&city=91&content=223 |title=Industrial Park |publisher=Chinaknowledge.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213231500/http://www.chinaknowledge.com/Manufacturing/IndustrialPark.aspx?province=4&city=91&content=223 |archive-date=13 December 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* Chongqing Economic & Technological Development Zone<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hktdc.com/info/mi/a/mpcn/en/1X07259C/1/Profiles-Of-China-Provinces-Cities-%20%20And-Industrial-Parks/Chongqing-Economic-And-Technological-Development-Zone-Including-Chongqing-Export-Processing-Zone.htm |title=CETD |website=Hktdc.com |date=19 September 2011 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101212103239/http://www.hktdc.com/info/mi/a/mpcn/en/1X07259C/1/Profiles-Of-China-Provinces-Cities-%20%20And-Industrial-Parks/Chongqing-Economic-And-Technological-Development-Zone-Including-Chongqing-Export-Processing-Zone.htm |archive-date=12 December 2010 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* Chongqing Hi-Tech Industry Development Zone<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/ChongqingGuide/Business/1908.htm |title=CHTIDT |website=En.cq.gov.cn |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120630155107/http://en.cq.gov.cn/ChongqingGuide/Business/1908.htm |archive-date=30 June 2012 }}</ref>
* [[New North Zone|Chongqing New North Zone (CNNZ)]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.cq.gov.cn/Services/Investment/1909.htm |title=CNNZ |publisher=English.cq.gov.cn |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512135911/http://english.cq.gov.cn/Services/Investment/1909.htm |archive-date=12 May 2013  }}</ref>
* Chongqing Export Processing Zone<ref>{{cite web |author=Contact |url=http://rightsite.asia/en/company/chongqing-export-processing-zone |title=CEPZ |website=Rightsite.asia |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100327182551/http://rightsite.asia/en/company/chongqing-export-processing-zone |archive-date=27 March 2010 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* Jianqiao Industrial Park (located in Dadukou District)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hktdc.com/info/mi/a/mpcn/en/1X07253I/1/Profiles-Of-China-Provinces-Cities-%20%20And-Industrial-Parks/Chongqing-Jianqiao-Industrial-Park.htm |title=Jianqiao Industrial Park Profile |website=Hktdc.com |date=19 September 2011 |access-date=29 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101212112540/http://www.hktdc.com/info/mi/a/mpcn/en/1X07253I/1/Profiles-Of-China-Provinces-Cities-%20%20And-Industrial-Parks/Chongqing-Jianqiao-Industrial-Park.htm |archive-date=12 December 2010 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* Liangjiang New Area<ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.liangjiang.gov.cn/ |title=Chongqing Liangjiang New Area |access-date=3 September 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016122634/http://english.liangjiang.gov.cn/ |archive-date=16 October 2016  }}</ref>
* Liangjiang Cloud Computing Center (the largest of its kind in China)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.cq.gov.cn/ChongqingToday/Photos/3271.htm |title=New cloud computing center |website=En.cq.gov.cn |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512123926/http://en.cq.gov.cn/ChongqingToday/Photos/3271.htm |archive-date=12 May 2013 }}</ref>

Chongqing itself is part of the [[West Triangle Economic Zone]], along with [[Chengdu]] and [[Xi'an]].

==Education and research==
{{As of|2022}}, Chongqing hosts 70 institutions of higher education (excluding adult colleges), making it the fourth city with the most higher education institutions nationwide and the first city in [[Western China]], which comprises Chongqing, six provinces ([[Sichuan]], [[Guizhou]], [[Yunnan]], [[Shaanxi]], [[Gansu]], and [[Qinghai]]), and three [[Autonomous regions of China|autonomous regions]] ([[Tibet Autonomous Region|Tibet]], [[Ningxia]], and [[Xinjiang]]), with a combination of more than 290 million population.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Top 10 Chinese cities with most higher education institutions|url=https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202208/04/WS62eaf941a310fd2b29e7022c.html|access-date=2022-08-08|date=2022-08-04|website=www.chinadaily.com.cn|archive-date=5 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220805120417/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202208/04/WS62eaf941a310fd2b29e7022c.html|url-status=live}}</ref>

Chongqing is one of the top 40 cities in the world by scientific research outputs as tracked by the [[Nature Index]].<ref name="www.nature.com" />

===Colleges and universities===
{{Main list|List of universities and colleges in Chongqing}}
[[File:重慶大学3.jpg|thumb|[[Chongqing University]]]]
* [[Chongqing University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆大学}})
* [[Southwest University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|西南大学}})
* [[Chongqing University of Science and Technology]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆科技学院}})
* [[Southwest University of Political Science and Law]] ({{lang|zh-hans|西南政法大学}})
* [[Army Medical University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|第三军医大学}})
* [[Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆邮电大学}})
* [[Chongqing University of Technology]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆理工大学}})
* [[Chongqing Jiaotong University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆交通大学}})
* [[Chongqing Medical University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆医科大学}})
* [[Chongqing Normal University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆师范大学}})
* [[Chongqing Technology and Business University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆工商大学}})
* [[Chongqing Three Gorges University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆三峡学院}})
* [[Chongqing Telecommunication Institute]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆通讯学院}})
* [[Sichuan Fine Arts Institute]] ({{lang|zh-hans|四川美术学院}})
* [[Sichuan International Studies University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|四川外国语大学}})
* [[University of Logistics]] ({{lang|zh-hans|后勤工程学院}})
* Chongqing University of Arts and Science ({{lang|zh-Hans|重庆文理学院}})
* [[Yangtze Normal University]] ({{lang|zh-hans|长江师范学院}})
* Chongqing University of Education ({{lang|zh-Hans|重庆第二师范学院}})

===Notable high schools===
* [[Chongqing Changshou Middle School]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆市长寿中学校}})
* {{ill|Fuling Experimental High School|zh|涪陵实验中学}} ({{lang|zh-hans|涪陵实验中学}})
* [[Chongqing No.1 Middle School]] ({{lang|zh-Hans|重庆一中}})
* [[Chongqing Nankai Secondary School]] ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆南开中学}})
* {{ill|Chongqing No.8 Secondary School|zh|重庆市第八中学校}} ({{lang|zh-Hans|重庆八中}})
* [[Bashu Secondary School]] ({{lang|zh-hans|巴蜀中学}})
* [[Chongqing Railway High School]] ({{lang|zh-Hans|重庆铁路中学}})
* {{ill|Chongqing Yucai Secondary School|zh|重庆育才中学}} ({{lang|zh-hans|育才中学}})
* {{ill|Chongqing Foreign Language School|zh|重庆外国语学校}} (The High School Affiliated to Sichuan International Studies University {{lang|zh-hans|重庆一外}})
* {{ill|Verakin High School of Chongqing|zh|重庆第二外国语学校}} (The 2nd Chongqing Foreign Language School, {{lang|zh-hans|重庆二外}})<!--English name from https://web.archive.org/web/20051029064337/http://www.cqew.com.cn/zh/index/-->
* {{ill|Chongqing Qiujing High School|zh|重庆求精中学}} ({{lang|zh-hans|求精中学}})
* {{ill|High School Affiliated to Southwest University|zh|西南大学附属中学}} ({{lang|zh-hans|西南大学附中}})
* Chongqing NO.18 Secondary School ({{lang|zh-hans|重庆十八中}})

===International schools===
* [[Yew Chung International School of Chongqing]] ({{lang|zh-Hans|重庆耀中国际学校}})<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.ycis-cq.com/ |title=Home - Yew Chung International School of Chongqing |access-date=11 February 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141014140215/http://www.ycis-cq.com/ |archive-date=14 October 2014  }} Website in English</ref>
* KL International School of Chongqing Bashu ({{lang|zh-Hans|重庆市诺林巴蜀外籍人员子女学校}})<ref>{{cite web |url=http://chongqing.klschool.org/ |title=KL International School of Chongqing Bashu &#124; A Responsive School for a Changing World |access-date=16 May 2015  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108060930/http://chongqing.klschool.org/ |archive-date=8 November 2016  }} Website in English</ref>

==Transportation==
Since its elevation to national-level municipality in 1997, the city has dramatically expanded its infrastructure. With the construction of railways and expressways to the east and southeast, Chongqing is a major transportation hub in southwestern China.

{{as of|2014|October|}}, the municipality had [[Yangtze River bridges and tunnels|31 bridges across the Yangtze River]] including over a dozen in the city's urban core.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.china-yangtzecruise.com/mountain-city/sccq31.htm|title=New Scenery of Chongqing Metropolis|publisher=Green Travel|url-status=usurped|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512202118/http://www.china-yangtzecruise.com/mountain-city/sccq31.htm |archive-date=12 May 2013 }}</ref> Aside from the city's first two Yangtze River bridges, which were built, respectively, in 1960 and 1977, all of the other bridges were completed since 1995.

===Public transit===
====Chongqing Rail Transit====
[[File:A train of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 2 coming through a residential building at Liziba.jpg|thumb|A train of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 2 coming through a residential building at [[Liziba station]]]]
[[File:Hongyancun Station Platform.jpg|thumb|[[Hongyancun station]] on Line 9]]
{{Main|Chongqing Rail Transit}}

Public transport in Chongqing consists of [[rapid transit|metro]], intercity railway, a ubiquitous bus system and the world's largest monorail network.

According to the Chongqing Municipal Government's ambitious plan in May 2007, Chongqing is investing 150&nbsp;billion RMB over 13 years to finish a system that combines underground [[rapid transit|metro lines]] with heavy [[monorail]].

{{As of|2017}}, four metro lines, the {{convert|14|km|abbr=on}} long CRT [[Line 1, Chongqing Rail Transit|Line 1]], a conventional subway, and the {{convert|19|km|abbr=on}} long heavy monorail CRT [[Line 2, Chongqing Rail Transit|Line 2]] (through Phase II), [[Line 3, Chongqing Rail Transit|Line 3]], a heavy monorail connects the airport and the southern part of downtown.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.cqnews.net/html/node_15161.htm |title=Line 2 & 1 |publisher=English.cqnews.net |date=15 December 2009 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120812045421/http://english.cqnews.net/html/node_15161.htm |archive-date=12 August 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> [[Line 6, Chongqing Rail Transit|Line 6]], runs between [[Beibei District|Beibei]], a district in the city's far north to downtown.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://cn.siemens.com/cms/cn/English/TS/Mobility/Press/Pages/ChongqingL6.aspx |title=Planning of Chongqing Line 6 |publisher=Cn.siemens.com |date=30 December 2010 |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213185616/http://cn.siemens.com/cms/cn/English/TS/Mobility/Press/Pages/ChongqingL6.aspx |archive-date=13 December 2013  }}</ref> [[Line 5, Chongqing Rail Transit|Line 5]] opened in late 2017.

It was planned that by 2020 CRT would consist of 6 lines and 1 loop line, adding {{convert|363.5|km|1|abbr=on}} of road and railway to the 2012 transportation infrastructure, and 93 new metro stations would be added to the 111 stations in place in 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.cqnews.net/html/node_15162.htm |title=Chongqing City Transport |publisher=English.cqnews.net |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120112005943/http://english.cqnews.net/html/node_15162.htm |archive-date=12 January 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> By 2050 Chongqing would have 18 lines.<ref>''Chongqing Daily'' (23 March 2008)</ref>{{full citation needed|date=August 2022}}

====Aerial tramway====
[[File:A aerial tramway across Yangtse river in Chongqing CBD Photo by Chen Hualin .jpeg|thumb|An aerial tramway across the Yangtze River in Chongqing CBD. (Photo by Chen Hualin)]]
Chongqing is the only Chinese city that has kept public [[aerial tramway]]s. There were three aerial tramways in Chongqing: the Yangtze River Tramway, the Jialing River Tramway and the South Mountain Tramway, of which the Yangtze River Tramway is the only one still operating, now considered a Class 4A tourist attraction. The {{convert|1,160|m|adj=on|sp=us}}-long tramway connects the southern and northern banks of the Yangtze River, carrying about 10,000 passengers a day.
[[File:An aerial tramway.jpg|alt=An aerial tramway|thumb|Yangtze River Cableway]]

===Rail===
[[File:Front South Square of Chongqingbei Railway Station.jpg|thumb|[[Chongqing North railway station]]]]

Major stations in Chongqing:

* [[Chongqing railway station]] in Yuzhong, accessible via Metro Lines 1 & 3 ([[Lianglukou station|Lianglukou Metro station]]), is the city's oldest railway station and located near the [[Jiefangbei CBD]] in the city center. The station handles mostly long-distance trains. There are plans for a major renovation and overhaul of this station, thus many services have been transferred to Chongqing North railway station.
* [[Chongqing North railway station]] is a station handling many long-distance services and high-speed rail services to Chengdu, Beijing and other cities. It was completed in 2006 and is connected to Metro Line.
* [[Chongqing West railway station]] is in Shapingba, a station handling many long-distance services and high-speed rail services to many cities, completed in 2018.
* [[Shapingba railway station]] is in Shapingba, near Shapingba CBD, accessible via [[Shapingba station|Shapingba metro station]] on Lines 1, 9 and the Loop line. It handles many local and regional train services. It was completed in 2018.
* [[Chongqing East railway station]] was expected to be completed in 2025.

Chongqing is a major freight destination for rail with continued development with improved handling facilities. Due to subsidies and incentives, the relocation and construction of many factories in Chongqing has seen a huge increase in rail traffic.

Chongqing is a major rail hub regionally.
* [[Chengdu–Chongqing railway]] (to [[Chengdu]], [[Sichuan]] Province)
* [[Sichuan–Guizhou railway]] (to [[Guiyang]], [[Guizhou]] Province)
* [[Xiangyang–Chongqing railway]] (to [[Hubei]] Province)
* [[Chongqing–Huaihua railway]] (to [[Hunan]] Province)
* [[Suining–Chongqing railway]] (to [[Sichuan]] Province)
* [[Chongqing–Lichuan railway]] (to [[Hubei]] Province)
* [[Lanzhou–Chongqing railway]] (to [[Gansu]] Province)

===River port===
[[File:YangtzeMeteor.jpg|thumb|[[Hydrofoil]] on the Yangtze in the outer reaches of the municipality<!--which county?-->]]
Chongqing is one of the most important inland ports in China. There are numerous luxury cruise ships that terminate at Chongqing, cruising downstream along the [[Yangtze River]] to [[Yichang]], [[Wuhan]], [[Nanjing]] or even Shanghai.{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} In the recent past, this provided virtually the only transportation option along the river. However, improved rail, expressways and air travel have seen this ferry traffic reduced or cancelled altogether. Most of the river ferry traffic consists of leisure cruises for tourists rather than local needs. Improved access by larger cargo vessels has been made due to the construction of the [[Three Gorges Dam]]. This allows bulk transport of goods along the Yangtze River. Coal, raw minerals and containerized goods provide the majority of traffic plying this section of the river. Several port handling facilities exist throughout the city, including many impromptu river bank sites.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://service-industries-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/Transport-Logistics/Chongqing-River-Port-S-Container-Volume-Increases-16-9pc-In-May/spgz/en/1/1X000000/1X07JEN7.htm |title=Chongqing Ports Details |publisher=Service-industries-research.hktdc.com |date=19 July 2011 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513061157/http://service-industries-research.hktdc.com/business-news/article/Transport-Logistics/Chongqing-River-Port-S-Container-Volume-Increases-16-9pc-In-May/spgz/en/1/1X000000/1X07JEN7.htm |archive-date=13 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

===Highways===
Traditionally, the road network in Chongqing has been narrow, winding and limited to smaller vehicles because of the natural terrain, large rivers and the huge population demands on the area, especially in the [[Yuzhong District]]. In other places, such as [[Jiangbei District, Chongqing|Jiangbei]], large areas of homes and buildings have recently been cleared to improve the road network and create better urban planning; thus, several ring roads have also been constructed. This has seen many tunnels and large bridges needing to be built across the city. The construction of many expressways have connected Chongqing to its neighbors. The natural mountainous terrain that Chongqing is built on makes many road projects difficult to construct, including for example some of the world's highest road bridges.<ref>{{cite web |first=Simon |last=Black |url=http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-07-12/markets/30008153_1_chongqing-china-building |title=Chongqing: World's Largest Construction Project |publisher=Articles.businessinsider.com |date=12 July 2011 |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130118200934/http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-07-12/markets/30008153_1_chongqing-china-building |archive-date=18 January 2013  }}</ref>

Unlike many other Chinese cities, it is rare for motorbikes, electric scooters or bicycles to be seen on Chongqing's Roads. This is due to the extremely hilly and mountainous nature of Chongqing's roads and streets. However, despite this, Chongqing is a manufacturing center for these types of vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.echinacities.com/chongqing/city-guide/travel/chongqing-travel-guide.html|title=Rough Guide to Chongqing Travel|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121012201726/http://www.echinacities.com/chongqing/city-guide/travel/chongqing-travel-guide.html |archive-date=12 October 2012 }}</ref>

* Chongqing-Chengdu Expressway
* Chongqing-Chengdu 2nd Expressway (under construction)
* Chongqing-Wanzhou-Yichang Highway (Wanzhou-Yichang section under construction)
* Chongqing-Guiyang Highway
* Chongqing-Changsha Expressway (Xiushan-Changsha section under construction)
* Chongqing-Dazhou-Xi'a Highway (Dazhou-Xi'an section under construction)
* Chongqing-Suining Expressway
* Chongqing-Nanchong Expressway
* [[China National Highway 210]]
* [[China National Highway 212]]

===Bridges===
[[File:Chaotianmen Bridge.jpg|thumb|View of [[Chaotianmen Bridge]] across the [[Yangtze|Yangtze River]] in Chongqing]]

With so many bridges crossing the Yangtze and Jialing rivers in the urban area, Chongqing is sometimes known as the 'Bridge Capital of China'. The first important bridge in urban Chongqing was the Niujiaotuo Jialing River Bridge, built in 1958. The first bridge over the [[Yangtze|Yangtze river]] was the Shibanpo Yangtze River Bridge (or Chongqing Yangtze River Bridge) built in 1977.

{{As of|2014}}, within the area of the 9 districts, there were 20 bridges on the [[Yangtze|Yangtze river]] and 28 bridges on the Jialing river. The bridges in Chongqing exhibit a variety of shapes and structures, making Chongqing a showcase for bridge design.

===Airports===
{{see also|Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport}}
{{Panorama
|image = File:Panorama of Chongqing Jiangbei Airport Terminal 3.JPG
|height  = 280
|caption = Departure Level of Terminal 3, [[Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport]]}}

The major airport of Chongqing is [[Chongqing Jiangbei International Airport]] (IATA: CKG, ICAO: ZUCK). It is located in [[Yubei District]]. The airport offers a growing network of direct flights to China, Southeast Asia, the Middle East, North America, and Europe. It is located {{convert|21|km|abbr=on}} north of [[Jiefangbei CBD|Downtown Chongqing]] and serves as an important aviation hub for southwest China.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://theairdb.com/airport/CKG.html |title=CJIA Stats |publisher=Theairdb.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120513204836/http://theairdb.com/airport/CKG.html |archive-date=13 May 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> Jiangbei airport is a hub for [[China Southern Airlines]], [[Chongqing Airlines]], [[Sichuan Airlines]], [[China Express Airlines]], [[Shandong Airlines]] and [[Hainan Airlines]]'s new [[China West Air]]. Chongqing also is a focus city of [[Air China]], therefore it is very well connected with [[Star Alliance]] and [[SkyTeam]]'s international network. The airport currently has three parallel runways in operation. It serves domestic routes to most other Chinese cities, as well as international routes to [[Auckland]], [[New York City]], [[London]], [[Los Angeles]], [[Moscow]], [[Doha]], [[Dubai]], [[Seoul]], [[Bangkok]], [[Phuket]], [[Osaka]], [[Singapore]], [[Chiang Mai]], [[Phnom Penh]], [[Siem Reap]], [[Malé]], [[Bali]], Tokyo, Kuala Lumpur, [[Batam]], [[Rome]] and [[Helsinki]]. {{As of|2021}}, Jiangbei Airport was the [[List of the busiest airports in the People's Republic of China|4th busiest airport in terms of passenger traffic in mainland China]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.caac.gov.cn/XXGK/XXGK/TJSJ/201903/P020190305338562571372.xls?COLLCC=3782305670&|script-title=zh: 2018年民航机场生产统计公报|access-date=12 March 2019|date=5 March 2019|publisher=Civil Aviation Administration of China|language=zh|archive-date=23 May 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200523052725/http://www.caac.gov.cn/XXGK/XXGK/TJSJ/201903/P020190305338562571372.xls?COLLCC=3782305670&|url-status=live}}</ref>

Currently, Jiangbei airport has three terminals. Chongqing Airport has metro access ([[Line 3 (Chongqing Rail Transit)|CRT Line 3]] and [[Line 10 (Chongqing Rail Transit)|Line 10]]) to its central city, and two runways in normal use.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.centreforaviation.com/profiles/airports/chongqing-airport-ckg|title=Chongqing Airport Profile|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730181941/http://www.centreforaviation.com/profiles/airports/chongqing-airport-ckg |archive-date=30 July 2013 }}</ref>

There are four other airports in Chongqing Municipality: [[Qianjiang Wulingshan Airport]], [[Wanzhou Wuqiao Airport]], [[Chongqing Xiannüshan Airport]], and [[Chongqing Wushan Airport]]. They are all class 4C airports and serve passenger flights to domestic destinations including Beijing, Shanghai and [[Kunming]].

==Culture==
{{main|Bashu culture}}

===Language===
{{Main|Sichuanese Mandarin}}
[[File:Zhongshan Ancient Town, Jiangjin, Chongqing.jpg|thumb|right|Zhongshan Ancient Town, [[Jiangjin]], Chongqing]]
The language native to Chongqing is [[Southwestern Mandarin]]. More precisely, the great majority of the municipality, save for [[Xiushan]], speak [[Sichuanese Mandarin|Sichuanese]], including the primary [[Chengdu-Chongqing dialect]] and [[Minjiang dialect]] spoken in [[Jiangjin]] and [[Qijiang]].<ref>{{cite book |author= 翟时雨 (Ruo Shiyu) |script-title=zh:《汉语方言学》 |trans-title=The Study of Chinese Languages|year=2003 |publisher=Southwest China Normal University Press (西南师范大学出版社) |chapter ={{lang|zh-hans|中篇第四节：四川话的分区}} (The divisions of the Sichuan dialect) |isbn=978-7-5621-2942-4 | language = zh-hans}}</ref> There are also a few speakers of [[Xiang Chinese|Xiang]] and [[Hakka Chinese|Hakka]] in the municipality, due to the great immigration wave to the Sichuan region <!--Huguang Filled Sichuan--><!--Chinglish translation-->({{lang|zh-hant|湖廣填川}}) during the [[Ming dynasty|Ming]] and [[Qing dynasty|Qing dynasties]]. In addition, in parts of southeastern Chongqing, the [[Miao languages|Miao]] and [[Tujia language]]s are also used by some [[Miao people|Miao]] and [[Tujia people]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.aluzhou.com/custom/detail.asp?ID=127|script-title=zh:苗族：特色苗语 |trans-title=The Miao People: Characteristics of the Miao language |access-date=31 July 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110707121221/http://www.aluzhou.com/custom/detail.asp?ID=127|archive-date=7 July 2011}}</ref>

===Tourism===
[[File:Chongqing Grand Theatre 01.jpg|thumb|[[Chongqing Grand Theatre|Chongqing Grand Theater]]]]
[[File:ChongqingMartyrsCemetery.jpg|thumb|left|Martyrs' Cemetery]]
[[File:Chongqing_Art_Museum_Night.jpg|thumb|left|[[Chongqing Art Museum]]]]
{{See also|Twelve Views of Bayu}}
As the provisional Capital of China for almost ten years (1937 to 1945), the city was also known as one of the three headquarters of the Allies during [[World War II]], as well as being a strategic center of many other wars throughout China's history. Chongqing has many historic war-time buildings or sites, some of which have since been destroyed. These sites include the People's Liberation Monument, located in the center of Chongqing city. It used to be the highest building in the area, but is now surrounded and dwarfed by numerous [[shopping center]]s. Originally named the ''Monument for the Victory over Axis Armies'', it is the only building in China for that purpose.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://chongqingwomen.com/peoples-liberation-monument.html |title=People's Liberation Monument |publisher=Chongqingwomen.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213051628/http://chongqingwomen.com/peoples-liberation-monument.html |archive-date=13 December 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> Today, the monument serves as a symbol for the city. The [[General Joseph W. Stilwell Museum]], dedicated to [[Joseph Stilwell|General "Vinegar Joe" Stilwell]], a World War II general.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/chongqing/stilwell.htm |title=General Joseph Stilwell Museum |publisher=Travelchinaguide.com |date=17 May 1944 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415152451/http://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/chongqing/stilwell.htm |archive-date=15 April 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> the air force cemetery in the Nanshan area, in memory of those air force personnel killed during the [[Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945)|Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945)]], and the [[Red Rock Village Museum]], a diplomatic site for the [[Chinese Communist Party|Communist Party]] in Chongqing led by [[Zhou Enlai]] during [[World War II]], and Guiyuan, Cassia Garden, where [[Mao Zedong]] signed the "Double 10 (10 October) Peace Agreement" with the [[Kuomintang]] in 1945.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.beijingfeeling.com/chongqing-travel/chongqing-tourist-attractions/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110623054516/http://www.beijingfeeling.com/chongqing-travel/chongqing-tourist-attractions/ |archive-date=23 June 2011 |title=Red Rock Village Museum |publisher=Beijingfeeling.com |date=15 September 2013 |access-date=10 December 2013  }}</ref>
[[File:31487-Chongqing (30850455817).jpg|thumb|upright|The Hongya Cave (Hongya-dong) traditional [[Twelve Views of Bayu|Bayu]]-style stilted houses at [[Jiefangbei CBD]]]]
[[File:Fishingtown.jpg|thumb|upright|The steep path up to the front gate of [[Fishing Town]]]]
[[File:Cqk01.jpg|thumb|upright|Ciqikou ancient road in Shapingba District]]
* The [[Baiheliang Underwater Museum]], China's first underwater museum,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chinahush.com/2009/05/21/chongqing-the-first-underwater-museum-in-china-has-been-built-and-opened/ |title=Chongqing: The First Underwater Museum in China has Been Built and Opened |publisher=Chinahush |date=21 May 2009 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120728140258/http://www.chinahush.com/2009/05/21/chongqing-the-first-underwater-museum-in-china-has-been-built-and-opened/ |archive-date=28 July 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* The Memorial of Great Tunnel Massacre, a former air-raid shelter where a major massacre occurred during World War II.
* The [[Great Hall of the People (Chongqing)|Great Hall of the People]] in Chongqing is based on the [[Great Hall of the People]] in Beijing. This is one of the largest public assembly buildings in China which, though built in modern times, emulates traditional architectural styles. It is adjacent to the densely populated and hilly central district, with narrow streets and pedestrian only walkways,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.placesonline.com/asia/china/chongqing/photo_detail.asp?filename=13154_chongqing_great_hall_of_the_people |title=Great Hall of the People |publisher=Placesonline.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213112256/http://www.placesonline.com/asia/china/chongqing/photo_detail.asp?filename=13154_chongqing_great_hall_of_the_people |archive-date=13 December 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* The large domed [[Three Gorges Museum]] presents the history, culture, and environment of the Three Gorges area and Chongqing.
* [[Chongqing Art Museum]] is known for striking architecture.
* [[Chongqing Science and Technology Museum]] has an [[IMAX]] [[Theater (structure)|theater]].
* Luohan Si, a [[Ming dynasty]] temple,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fodors.com/world/asia/china/sichuan-and-chongqing/review-434671.html |title=Luohan Si |publisher=Fodors.com |date=28 May 2013 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130528054943/http://www.fodors.com/world/asia/china/sichuan-and-chongqing/review-434671.html |archive-date=28 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Huangguan Escalator]], the second longest escalator in Asia.
* Former sites for embassies of major countries during the 1940s. As the capital at that time, Chongqing had many residential and other buildings for these officials.<ref>{{cite web |author=www.chinaeducenter.com |url=http://www.chinaeducenter.com/en/life/embassylistchongqing.php |title=Embassies List |publisher=Chinaeducenter.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120428215800/http://www.chinaeducenter.com/en/life/embassylistchongqing.php |archive-date=28 April 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Wuxi County]], noted as a major tourism area of Chongqing,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://english.51766.com/detail/city_detail.jsp?prov_id=1006656 |title=Wuxi County |publisher=English.51766.com |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130116005947/http://english.51766.com/detail/city_detail.jsp?prov_id=1006656 |archive-date=16 January 2013  }}</ref>
* The [[Dazu Rock Carvings]], in Dazu county, are a series of Chinese religious sculptures and carvings, dating back as far as the 7th century A.D., depicting and influenced by [[Buddhism|Buddhist]], [[Confucianism|Confucian]] and [[Taoism|Taoist]] beliefs. Listed as a [[UNESCO]] [[World Heritage Site]], the Dazu Rock Carvings are made up of 75 protected sites containing some 50,000 statues, with over 100,000 Chinese characters forming inscriptions and epigraphs.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/kuaixun/75136.htm |title=Dazu Rock Carvings |publisher=China.org.cn |date=12 September 2003 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120526152439/http://www.china.org.cn/english/kuaixun/75136.htm |archive-date=26 May 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* The [[Three Natural Bridges]] and [[Furong Cave]] in [[Wulong Karst|Wulong Karst National Geology Park]], [[Wulong County]] are listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the [[South China Karst]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.naturalarches.org/gallery-china3bridges.htm|title=China: Three Natural Bridges National Geopark|publisher=Naturalarches.org|access-date=10 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609184026/http://www.naturalarches.org/gallery-china3bridges.htm|archive-date=9 June 2012|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gxnu.edu.cn/KDL/Cave/furong.htm |title=Furong Cave |publisher=Gxnu.edu.cn |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006082311/http://www.gxnu.edu.cn/KDL/Cave/furong.htm |archive-date=6 October 2014 }}</ref>
* [[Ciqikou, Chongqing|Ciqikou]] is a 1000-year-old town in the [[Shapingba District]] of Chongqing. It is also known as "Little Chongqing". The town, located next to the lower reaches of the [[Jialing River]], was at one time an important source of china-ware and used to be a busy commercial dock during the Ming and [[Qing dynasty|Qing dynasties]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://blog.seattlechinesegarden.org/2012/03/ciqikou-delegation-visits-old-town.html |title=Ciqkou |publisher=Blog.seattlechinesegarden.org |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214170704/http://blog.seattlechinesegarden.org/2012/03/ciqikou-delegation-visits-old-town.html |archive-date=14 December 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Fishing Town]] or Fishing City is one of the three great ancient battlefields of China. It is noted for its resistance to the [[Mongol]] armies during the Southern [[Song dynasty]] (1127–1279) and the location where the Mongol leader [[Möngke Khan]] died in 1259,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://chongqingwomen.com/fishing-town.html |title=Fishing Town |publisher=Chongqingwomen.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213051631/http://chongqingwomen.com/fishing-town.html |archive-date=13 December 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Xueyu Cave]] in [[Fengdu County]] is the only example of a pure white, jade-like [[karst]] cave in China,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.luopan.com/t/en_US/400000L000023.html|title=Xueyu Cave [Chongqing]|publisher=Luopan ChinaHotelSearch|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111018175327/http://www.luopan.com/t/en_US/400000L000023.html |archive-date=18 October 2011 }}</ref>
* [[Fengdu Ghost City]] in [[Fengdu County]] is the Gate of the Hell in traditional Chinese literature and culture.
* [[Snowy Jade Cave]], see Xueyu Cave (above).
* [[Baidi Cheng]], a peninsula in Yangtze River, known due to a famous poem by [[Li Bai]].
* The [[Chongqing Zoo]], a [[zoo]] that exhibits many rare species including the [[giant panda]], the extremely rare [[South China tiger]], and the [[African elephant]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.travelchinaguide.com/picture/chongqing/zoo.htm |title=Chongqing Zoo Profile and Pictures |publisher=Travelchinaguide.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415071506/http://www.travelchinaguide.com/picture/chongqing/zoo.htm |archive-date=15 April 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Chongqing Amusement Park]].
* [[Chongqing Grand Theatre|Chongqing Grand Theater]], a [[performing arts center]].
* [[Foreigners' Street]] was an amusement park, including the [[Porcelain Palace]], the world's largest toilet. Also the location of the abortive [[Love Land (China)|Love Land]] development in 2009.
* The Black Mountain Valley (''Heishangu'').<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.travelchinaguide.com/attraction/chongqing/black-mountain-valley.htm |title=Black Mountain Valley |publisher=Travelchinaguide.com |access-date=26 November 2017}}</ref>
* [[Hongya Cave]] (aka Hongya Dong), a pier stilt house fortress that served as one of the 17 city gates of Ancient Chongqing is a popular tourist attraction for its architecture.

===Cuisine===
Chongqing food is part of [[Sichuan]] cuisine. Chongqing is known for its spicy food. Its food is normally considered numbing because of the use of [[Sichuan pepper]], also known as Sichuan peppercorn, containing [[hydroxy alpha sanshool]]. Chongqing's [[Jiefangbei CBD|city center]] has many restaurants and food stalls where meals often cost less than [[Renminbi|RMB]]10. Local specialties here include [[dumpling]]s and [[Pickling|pickled vegetables]] and, different from many other Chinese cuisines, Chongqing dishes are suitable for the solo diner as they are often served in small individual sized portions.<ref>{{cite web |author=SinoHotelGuide.com|url=http://www.sinohotelguide.com/chongqing/tour/cuisine.html |title=Chongqing Dining Overlook |language=nl |publisher=Sinohotelguide.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100510192457/http://www.sinohotelguide.com/chongqing/tour/cuisine.html |archive-date=10 May 2010|url-status=usurped}}</ref> Among the delicacies and local specialties are these dishes:
[[File:Red House hot pot Chongqing.jpg|thumb|left|Typical Chongqing hot pot served with minced shrimp, tripes, pork aorta, goose intestine, and kidney slices]]
[[File:豌杂面.jpg|thumb|right|Chongqing Xiao mian with peas and spicy bean paste]]
* [[Chongqing hot pot]]– Chongqing's local culinary specialty which was originally from Northern China. Tables in [[hot pot]] restaurants usually have a central pot, where food ordered by the customers is boiled in a spicy broth, items such as beef, pork, [[tripe]], [[kidney]] slices, pork aorta and goose intestine are often consumed.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/chongqing/dining1.htm |title=Chongqing Hot Pot & Dining Guide|publisher=Travelchinaguide.com |access-date=10 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120802003115/http://www.travelchinaguide.com/cityguides/chongqing/dining1.htm |archive-date=2 August 2012 |url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Chongqing noodles|Chongqing Xiao Mian]] – a common [[lamian]] noodle dish tossed with [[chili oil]] and rich mixtures of spices and ingredients
* Jiangtuan fish – since Chongqing is located along [[Jialing River]], visitors have a good opportunity to sample varieties of [[Aquaculture|aquatic]] products. Among them, is a fish local to the region, Jiangtuan fish: ''[[Hypophthalmichthys nobilis]]'' although more commonly known as bighead [[carp]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/factsheet.aspx?SpeciesID=551 |title=Bighead Carp, or Jiangtuan Fish |publisher=Nas.er.usgs.gov |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170803224256/https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/factsheet.aspx?SpeciesID=551 |archive-date=3 August 2017 |url-status=live  }}</ref> The fish is often served steamed or baked.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chinatravelcompass.com/chonqing/dinning/qianzhang.html |title=Jiangtuan Fish |publisher=Chinatravelcompass.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121008171401/http://chinatravelcompass.com/chonqing/dinning/qianzhang.html |archive-date=8 October 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref> Wanzhou district is famous for baking Jiangtuan fish.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Yang |first=Shihan |date=2021-06-24 |title=Wanzhou Grilled Fish, Sees an Annual Output Value of Tens of Billions |url=https://www.ichongqing.info/2021/06/24/wanzhou-grilled-fish-sees-an-annual-output-value-of-tens-of-billions/|website=iChongqing |language=en |archive-date=4 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221204162154/https://www.ichongqing.info/2021/06/24/wanzhou-grilled-fish-sees-an-annual-output-value-of-tens-of-billions/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:La Zi Ji (Chicken with Chiles) (2269517013).jpg|thumb|right|Laziji is famous for its crispy texture.]]

* Suan La Fen (Sour and Spicy Sweet-Potato Noodles) – Thick, transparent noodles of rubbery texture in a spicy vinegar soup.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sour and Spicy Sweet-Potato Noodles (Suan La Fen) and a Spicy Girl Graduates|url=https://blog.themalamarket.com/sour-and-spicy-sweet-potato-noodles-suan-la-fen-and-a-spicy-girl-graduates/|last=Holliday|first=Taylor|date=20 July 2019|website=The Mala Market|language=en-US|access-date=8 May 2020|archive-date=28 July 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728132640/https://blog.themalamarket.com/sour-and-spicy-sweet-potato-noodles-suan-la-fen-and-a-spicy-girl-graduates/|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Laziji|Lazi Ji]] (Spicy Chicken) – A stir-fried dish consists of marinated then deep-fried pieces of chicken, dried Sichuan [[chili peppers]], Sichuan peppercorns, garlic, and ginger,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Dunlop|first1=Fuchsia|title=Recipe: Firecracker poussin with chillies|url=https://www.ft.com/content/a1095668-7d7a-11e3-a48f-00144feabdc0#axzz2qgEgwxwU|website=Financial Times|date=17 January 2014|access-date=7 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190925013308/https://www.ft.com/content/a1095668-7d7a-11e3-a48f-00144feabdc0#axzz2qgEgwxwU|archive-date=25 September 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> originated near [[Geleshan]] in Chongqing.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnngo.com/shanghai/eat/chopstick-challenge-la-zi-ji-338888 |title=The search for the best la zi ji in Shanghai |first=Katya |last=Knyazeva |date=26 January 2010 |website=[[CNN]] |access-date=12 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120710182652/http://www.cnngo.com/shanghai/eat/chopstick-challenge-la-zi-ji-338888 |archive-date=10 July 2012 }}</ref>
* Quanshui Ji (Spring Water Chicken) – Quanshui Ji is cooked with the natural spring water in the [[Southern Mountain of Chongqing]].
* Pork leg cooked with rock sugar – A common household dish of Chongqing, the tender, reddish finished dish, has been described as having strong and sweet aftertaste.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chinatourguide.com/chongqing/chongqing_dining.html |title=Chongqing Dining, Dining in Chongqing, Chongqing cuisine, Chongqing Food, Chongqing restaurants |publisher=Chinatourguide.com |access-date=26 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621123225/http://www.chinatourguide.com/chongqing/chongqing_dining.html |archive-date=21 June 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* Qianzhang (skimmed soy bean cream) – Qianzhang is the [[cream]] skimmed from [[soybean]] milk. In order to create this, several steps must be followed very carefully. First, soybeans are soaked in water, ground, strained, boiled, restrained several times and spread over [[gauze]] until delicate, snow-white cream is formed. The paste can also be hardened, cut into slivers and seasoned with [[sesame oil]], garlic and [[chili oil]]. Another variation is to bake the cream and fry it with [[bacon]], which is described as soft and sweet.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chinatourguide.com/chongqing/chongqing_dining.html |title=Qianzhang |publisher=Chinatourguide.com |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120621123225/http://www.chinatourguide.com/chongqing/chongqing_dining.html |archive-date=21 June 2012 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Fish with pickled mustard greens]] – a dish originating from Chongqing<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anna |date=2020-01-30 |title=Dish of the Day: Suan Cai Yu (Sichuan Fish with Pickled Greens) {{!}} foodpanda Magazine MY |url=https://magazine.foodpanda.my/dish-of-the-day-suan-cai-yu-sichuan-fish-with-pickled-greens/#:~:text='Suan%20Cai%20Yu'%20is%20a,Sichuan%20style%20restaurants%20in%20China |access-date=2024-09-14 |website=foodpanda MY Magazine |language=en-US |archive-date=14 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914203708/https://magazine.foodpanda.my/dish-of-the-day-suan-cai-yu-sichuan-fish-with-pickled-greens/#:~:text='Suan%20Cai%20Yu'%20is%20a,Sichuan%20style%20restaurants%20in%20China |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Media===
The [[Chongqing People's Broadcast Station]] is Chongqing's largest radio station.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_aboutchina/2003-09/24/content_23654.htm |title=Chinese radio stations |publisher=Chinaculture.org |date=24 September 2003 |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131222213553/http://www.chinaculture.org/gb/en_aboutchina/2003-09/24/content_23654.htm |archive-date=22 December 2013  }}</ref> The only municipal-level TV network is [[Chongqing TV]], claimed to be the 4th largest television station in China.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bandurski |first=David |url=http://cmp.hku.hk/2011/06/01/12940/ |title=Chongqing's TV revolution |publisher=Cmp.hku.hk |date=1 June 2011 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602141745/http://cmp.hku.hk/2011/06/01/12940/ |archive-date=2 June 2011 }}</ref> Chongqing TV broadcasts many local-oriented channels, and can be viewed on many TV sets throughout China.

===Sports and recreation===
====Basketball====
[[Chongqing Soaring Dragons]] became the 20th team playing in [[Chinese Basketball Association]] in 2013. They play at Datianwan Arena, in the same sporting complex as [[Datianwan Stadium]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebeijinger.com/events/2014/nov/watch-beijing-ducks-home-game-against-chongqing-soaring-dragons |title=Beijing Events &#124; the Beijinger |access-date=6 August 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160814182508/http://www.thebeijinger.com/events/2014/nov/watch-beijing-ducks-home-game-against-chongqing-soaring-dragons |archive-date=14 August 2016  }} Beijing Ducks vs. Chongqing</ref> The team moved to Beijing in 2015 and is currently known as [[Beijing Royal Fighters]].

====Soccer====
Professional soccer teams in Chongqing include:
* [[Chongqing Liangjiang Athletic F.C.|Chongqing Liangjiang Athletic]], ''folded''
* [[Chongqing F.C.]], ''folded''

Chongqing Liangjiang Athletic was a professional Chinese soccer club that played in the [[Chinese Super League]]. They were owned by the Chongqing-based [[Lifan Group]], which manufactures motorcycles, [[car]]s and spare parts.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.china.org.cn/archive/2004-01/08/content_1084245.htm |title=Lifan Group buys Chongqing soccer team |publisher=China.org.cn |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130511052529/http://www.china.org.cn/archive/2004-01/08/content_1084245.htm |archive-date=11 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> Originally called ''Qianwei (Vanguard) Wuhan'', the club formed in 1995 to take part in the recently developed, fully professional [[Chinese football league system|Chinese Soccer League]]. They would quickly rise to top tier of the system and experience their greatest achievement in winning the 2000 [[Chinese FA Cup]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesc/chinacup00.html |title=2000 Chinese FA Cup |publisher=Rsssf.com |date=8 March 2007 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516224248/http://www.rsssf.com/tablesc/chinacup00.html |archive-date=16 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref> and coming in fourth within the league. However, since then they have struggled to replicate the same success, and have twice been relegated from the top tier.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://int.soccerway.com/teams/china-pr/chongqing-qiche/ |title=Chongqing Lifan F.C |publisher=Soccerway.com |date=9 January 2013 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130503012205/http://int.soccerway.com/teams/china-pr/chongqing-qiche/ |archive-date=3 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>

Chongqing FC was a soccer club located in the city that competed in [[China League One]], the country's second-tier soccer division, before being relegated to the [[China League Two]], and dissolved due to a resultant lack of funds.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://sports.sohu.com/20131222/n392181262.shtml |title=重庆Fc宣布解散球员自寻下家 传解散因资金匮乏-搜狐体育 |access-date=6 July 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304062548/http://sports.sohu.com/20131222/n392181262.shtml |archive-date=4 March 2016}} Chongqing FC folds</ref>

====Sport venues====
Sport venues in Chongqing include:
* The [[Chongqing Olympic Sports Center]] is a multipurpose stadium. It is currently used mostly for soccer matches, as it has a grass surface, and can hold 58,680. It was built in 2002 and was one of main venues for the [[2004 AFC Asian Cup]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cqolympic.org/ |title=重庆市奥林匹克体育中心 重庆奥体中心 |access-date=6 June 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120606052130/http://www.cqolympic.org/ |archive-date=6 June 2012  }} Official Site</ref>
* [[Yanghe Stadium]] is a multiuse stadium that is currently used mostly for soccer matches. The stadium holds 32,000 people, and is the home of Chongqing Lifan in the Chinese Super League. The stadium was purchased by the Lifan Group in 2001 for [[renminbi|RMB]]80&nbsp;million and immediately replaced [[Datianwan Stadium]] as the home of Chongqing Lifan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.footballgroundmap.com/ground/yanghe-stadium/chongqing-lifan |title=Yanghe Stadium profile |publisher=Footballgroundmap.com |date=13 September 2013 |access-date=10 December 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512170456/http://www.footballgroundmap.com/ground/yanghe-stadium/chongqing-lifan |archive-date=12 May 2013 |url-status=live  }}</ref>
* [[Datianwan Stadium]] is a multipurpose stadium that is currently used mostly for soccer matches. The stadium has a capacity 32,000 people, and up until 2001 was the home of Chongqing Lifan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_pictures/asia/china/chongqing_datianwan.shtml |title=Datianwan Stadium profile |publisher=Worldstadiums.com |access-date=10 December 2013  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130203043605/http://www.worldstadiums.com/stadium_pictures/asia/china/chongqing_datianwan.shtml |archive-date=3 February 2013  }}</ref>

===Cloud Valley===
At the end of 2020, a collaboration between a Danish architecture firm and a Chinese tech company Terminus was announced, taking the form of an [[Artificial intelligence|AI]]-controlled campus. The project is named Cloud Valley and aims to use sensors and WiFi-controlled devices to collect data on the city's residents and atmosphere, including weather and eating and sleeping habits. The AI will adapt devices to work in a way that fits the gathered information and improves residents' lives.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/china-tech-city/i-know-your-favourite-drink-chinese-smart-city-to-put-ai-in-charge-idUSL8N2IJ24L |title='I know your favourite drink': Chinese smart city to put AI in charge |publisher=Reuters |date=3 December 2020 |last1=Bacchi |first1=Umberto |access-date=7 December 2020 |archive-date=6 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201206204230/https://www.reuters.com/article/china-tech-city/i-know-your-favourite-drink-chinese-smart-city-to-put-ai-in-charge-idUSL8N2IJ24L |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Notable people==
{{Main category|People from Chongqing}}
{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2022}}

* [[Ba Manzi]]: a legendary hero of [[Ba (state)|Ba kingdom]] in [[Zhou dynasty]]
* Ba Qing, the Widow: the earliest known female merchant in Chinese history, who provided huge financial aid to [[Qin Shi Huang]] to construct the [[Great Wall]]
* [[Gan Ning]]: general serving under warlord [[Sun Quan]] in the last years of [[Han dynasty]]
* [[Yan Yan (Three Kingdoms)|Yan Yan]]: loyal general during [[Three Kingdoms]] period
* [[Lanxi Daolong]]: famous Buddhism monk and philosopher in [[Song dynasty]] who went to Japan and established the [[Kenchō-ji]]
* [[Qin Liangyu]]: popular heroine in [[Ming dynasty]] who fought against [[Manchus]]
* [[Nie Rongzhen]]: marshal of the [[People's Liberation Army]] of China
* [[Liu Bocheng]]: an early leader of Chinese communist party during [[Second Sino-Japanese War|Anti-Japanese War]]
* [[Lu Zuofu]]: notable industrialist and businessman who was a member of [[Tongmenghui|Chinese United League]] and a leader of [[Railway Protection Movement]], established the [[Beibei District]], [[Chongqing Natural History Museum]], Jianshan High School, the Northern Hot Spring Park of Chongqing and Beibei Library, and served as the chief official of Food Bureau during the [[Republic of China]] period.
* [[Liu Yongqing]]: wife of the former president and Communist Party general secretary [[Hu Jintao]]
* Zhonghua Pang: renowned calligrapher and geologist
* [[Xia Peisu]]: computer scientist
* [[Huang Qian]]: [[chess]] player
* [[Tian Liang]]: Olympic diving gold medalist
* [[Li Yundi]]: pianist
* [[Karry Wang]]: member of the pop band [[TFBoys]] and actor
* [[Roy Wang]]: singer-songwriter and member of [[TFBoys]], also an actor and television host
* [[Li Hua (artist, born 1980)|Li Hua]]: artist who studied in Europe
* [[Xiao Zhan]]: actor, singer, and member of the boy group [[X Nine]]
* [[Pan Wenhua]]: born in Renshou County, Sichuan Province, a famous military general regarded as a born military prodigy
* [[Zhou Zhennan]]: leader of C-pop group [[R1SE]]
* [[Shi Tingmao]]: Olympic diving gold medalist
* [[Chen Zihan]]: actress
* [[Shuguang Zhang]]: biochemist
* [[Xia Li]]: professional wrestler signed with [[Total Nonstop Action Wrestling|TNA]]
* [[Feng Timo]]: singer, pop star and Internet personality
* [[Domee Shi]]: Chinese Canadian animator, director and screenwriter

==International relations==
===Consulates===
{| cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="margin:0 0 1em 1em; border:1px solid #ccc; empty-cells:show; border-collapse:collapse;" border="1" class="sortable"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
|Consulate||Date||Consular District
|-
|Canada Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing">{{cite news |script-title=zh:各国驻华领馆领区一览表 |language=zh-hans |url=http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/gxh/tyb/bszn/lsfw/t246715.htm|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China]] |date=8 May 2007|access-date=18 March 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111106052159/http://www.fmprc.gov.cn/chn/gxh/tyb/bszn/lsfw/t246715.htm |archive-date=6 November 2011|url-status=live }}
</ref>||05.1998||Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|United Kingdom Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing"/>||03.2000||Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|-
|Cambodia Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing"/> ||12.2004||Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|Japan Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing"/> ||01.2005||Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi
|-
|Philippines Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing"/> ||12.2008||Chongqing, Guizhou, Yunnan
|-
|Hungary Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing"/> ||02.2010||Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|Ethiopia Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref name="Consulates in Chongqing"/> ||11.2011||Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|-
|Italy Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref>{{cite news |script-title=zh:荷兰意大利有望年内在渝设领事馆 |language=zh-hans |url         = http://news.hexun.com/2013-05-08/153873931.html |website     = Hexun |date        = 8 May 2013 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20150430001428/http://news.hexun.com/2013-05-08/153873931.html |archive-date = 30 April 2015|df          = dmy-all
}}</ref> ||12.2013||Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan
|- style="background:#efefef;"
|Uruguay Consulate-General, Chongqing<ref>{{cite web|title=Consulate General of the Oriental Republic of Uruguay in Chongqing|url=https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/fw_673051/lbfw_673061/lsgmd_673079/t1752813.shtml |website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China |access-date=24 April 2020|url-status=dead|archive-date=2020-07-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200728132152/https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/web/fw_673051/lbfw_673061/lsgmd_673079/t1752813.shtml}}</ref> ||12.2019||Chongqing, Sichuan, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu
|}

===Twin towns – sister cities===
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2018}}
Chongqing has [[Sister cities|sister city]] relationships with many cities of the world including:

{{div col}}
* {{flagdeco|FRA}} [[Toulouse]], France (1982)
* {{flagdeco|US}} [[Seattle]], United States (1983)<ref>{{cite web|title=Chongqing, China - Office of Intergovernmental Relations|url=https://www.seattle.gov/oir/sister-cities/seattles-sister-cities/chongqing|website=www.seattle.gov|last=Tarleton|first=Gael D.|access-date=23 March 2021|archive-date=18 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718183123/http://www.seattle.gov/oir/sister-cities/seattles-sister-cities/chongqing|url-status=live}}</ref>
* {{flagdeco|US}} [[Detroit]], United States (1986)
* {{flagdeco|CAN}} [[Toronto]], Canada (1986)
* {{flagdeco|JPN}} [[Hiroshima]], Japan (1986)
* {{flagdeco|UK}} [[Leicester]], United Kingdom (1993)
* {{flagdeco|RUS}} [[Voronezh]], Russia (1993)
* {{flagdeco|UKR}} [[Zaporizhzhia]], Ukraine (2002)
* {{flagdeco|RSA}} [[Mpumalanga]], South Africa (2002)
* {{flagdeco|BUL}} [[Sliven]], Bulgaria (2002)
* {{flagdeco|DEU}} [[Düsseldorf]], Germany (2004)
* {{flagdeco|AUS}} [[Brisbane]], Australia (2005)<ref>{{cite web |url = https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/about-council/governance-and-strategy/business-in-brisbane/growing-brisbanes-economy/international-business/brisbane-sister-cities/sister-city-chongqing |title = Brisbane's Sister City - Chongqing |publisher = Brisbane City Council |access-date = 4 September 2019 |archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20190904151510/https://www.brisbane.qld.gov.au/about-council/governance-and-strategy/business-in-brisbane/growing-brisbanes-economy/international-business/brisbane-sister-cities/sister-city-chongqing |archive-date = 4 September 2019 |url-status = live }}</ref>
* {{flagdeco|IRN}} [[Shiraz]], Iran (2005)
* {{flagdeco|EGY}} [[Aswan]], Egypt (2005)
* {{flagdeco|ROK}} [[Busan]], South Korea (2007)
* {{flagdeco|NOR}} [[Sør-Trøndelag]], Norway (2007)
* {{flagdeco|THA}} [[Chiang Mai Province]], Thailand (2008)
* {{flagdeco|ARG}} [[Córdoba, Argentina|Córdoba]], Argentina (2010)
* {{flagdeco|HUN}} [[Budapest]], Hungary (2010)
* {{flagdeco|THA}} [[Bangkok]], Thailand (2005)
* {{flagdeco|BEL}} [[Antwerp]], Belgium (2011)
* {{flagdeco|BRA}} [[Salvador, Bahia]], Brazil (2011)
* {{flagdeco|IND}} [[Chennai]], India (2015)
* {{flagdeco|CAM}} [[Phnom Penh]], Cambodia
* {{flagdeco|SVN}} [[Maribor]], Slovenia (2017)
* {{flagdeco|ESP}} [[Telde]], Spain (2018)
{{div col end}}

==See also==
{{Portal|China}}
* [[List of cities in China by population and built-up area]]
* [[List of twin towns and sister cities in China]]
* [[Major national historical and cultural sites (Chongqing)|Major national historical and cultural sites in Chongqing]]

==Notes==
{{Notelist}}
{{NoteFoot}}

==References==
===Citations===
{{Reflist}}

===Sources===
; General
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last = Danielson |first = Eric N. |chapter = Chongqing |pages = 325–362 |title = The Three Gorges and the Upper Yangzi |location = Singapore |publisher = Marshall Cavendish/Times Editions |year = 2005 |isbn = 978-981-232-599-0 }}
* {{cite book |last = Huang |first = Jiren |script-title = zh:老重庆：巴山夜语 |trans-title = Old Chongqing: Ba Mountains Night Rains |series = 老城市 [The Old Cities] |location = Nanjing |publisher = Jiangsu Fine Arts Publishing House |year = 1999 |language = zh }}
* {{cite book |last = Kapp |first = Robert A. |chapter = Chungking as a Center of Warlord Power, 1926–1937 |pages = [https://archive.org/details/chinesecitybetwe00chin/page/143 143–170] |title = The Chinese City Between Two Worlds |chapter-url = https://archive.org/details/chinesecitybetwe00chin |chapter-url-access = registration |editor1 = Mark Elvin |editor2 = G. William Skinner |location = Stanford |publisher = Stanford University Press |year = 1974 |isbn = 9780804708531 }}
* {{cite book |last = Kapp |first = Robert A. |title = Szechwan and the Chinese Republic: Provincial Militarism and Central Power, 1911–1938 |location = New Haven |publisher = Yale University Press |year = 1973 }}
* {{cite book |author = Liao, Qingyu |title = Chongqing Ge Le Shan Pei Du Yizhi |trans-title=The Construction of War-time Capital on the Gele Mountain, Chongqing |location = Chengdu |publisher = Sichuan University Press |year = 2005 }}
* {{cite book |author = Long, Juncai |title = Sui Yue Ya Feng de Jiyi: Chongqing Kang Zhan Yizhi (Covered Memory of Flowing Years: Site[s] of [the] Anti-Japanese War in Chongqing) |location = Chongqing |publisher = Southwest University Press |year = 2005 }}
* {{cite book |author = McIsaac, Lee |chapter = The City as Nation: Creating a Wartime Capital in Chongqing |title = Remaking the Chinese City, 1900–1950 |editor-first = Joseph W. |editor-last = Esherick |location = Honolulu |publisher = University of Hawaii Press |year = 2000 }}
* {{cite book |author1 = Xu Dongsheng |author2 = Liu Yuchuan |title = Chongqing Jiu Ying |trans-title = Old Photos of Chongqing |location = Beijing |publisher = People's Fine Arts Publishing House |year = 1998 }}
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Wikivoyage|Chongqing}}
{{Wiktionary|Chongqing|Chungking|Ch'ung-ch'ing}}
{{Commons and category|Chongqing|Chongqing}}
* [http://www.cq.gov.cn/ Chongqing Municipal Government website]

{{Clear}}
{{S-start}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Guangzhou]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Historical capitals of China|Wartime Capital of China]]
|years=21 November 1937 – 5 May 1946
|dynasty=[[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Nanjing]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Guangzhou]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Historical capitals of China|Wartime Capital of China]]
|years = 14 October 1949 – 30 November 1949
|dynasty=[[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Chengdu]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Chongqing}}
{{Navboxes
|list =
{{Navboxes
|title = [[File:Gnome-globe.svg|25px]]{{nbsp}}Geographic locale
|list =
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Chongqing
|North = [[Shaanxi]]
|Northeast =
|East = [[Hubei]]
|Southeast = [[Hunan]]
|South = [[Guizhou]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Sichuan]]
|Northwest =
}}
'''[[Geographic coordinate system|Lat. <small>and</small> Long.]] {{Coord|29|33|N|106|34|E|display=inline}}'''
}}
{{Province-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Metropolitan cities of the People's Republic of China}}
{{Major cities along the Yangtze River}}
{{World's most populated urban areas}}
{{Megacities}}
}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Chongqing| ]]<!-- Please leave the empty space as standard. -->
[[Category:5th-century BC establishments in China]]
[[Category:Metropolitan areas of China]]
[[Category:Municipalities of China]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 5th century BC]]
[[Category:Populated places on the Yangtze River]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns in China]]
[[Category:Province-level divisions of China]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1997]]
[[Category:Western China]]
[[Category:National Famous Historical and Cultural City]]