Editing Chassis

{{Short description|Load-bearing framework}}[[File:CT-100 with CTC-2 chassis.JPG|thumb|The CTC-2 chassis of an [[RCA]] [[CT-100]] television]]

A '''chassis''' ({{IPAc-en|US|ˈ|tʃ|æ|s|i}},<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=chassis|title=The American Heritage Dictionary entry: chassis |work=Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing |access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> {{IPAc-en|UK|ˈ|ʃ|æ|s|i}};<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/chassis |title=Chassis definition and meaning |work=Collins English Dictionary |access-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> plural ''chassis'' {{IPAc-en|-|i|z}} from French '''châssis''' {{IPA|fr|ʃɑsi|}}) is the [[structural load|load]]-bearing [[structural frame|framework]] of a manufactured object, which structurally supports the object in its construction and function. An example of a chassis is a [[vehicle frame]], the underpart of a [[motor vehicle]], on which the body is mounted; if the [[running gear]] such as wheels and transmission, and sometimes even the driver's seat, are included, then the assembly is described as a [[rolling chassis]].

==Examples==
===Vehicles===
{{See also|Rolling chassis|Vehicle frame}}[[File:Chassis with suspension and exhaust system.jpg|thumb|Motor vehicle chassis with its suspension, exhaust system, and steering box]]

In the case of vehicles, the term ''rolling chassis'' means the [[frame (vehicle)|frame]] plus the "running [[gear]]" like [[engine]], [[transmission (mechanics)|transmission]], [[drive shaft]], [[differential (mechanical device)|differential]], and [[suspension (vehicle)|suspension]]. The "rolling chassis" description originated from assembly production when an integrated chassis "rolled on its own tires" just before [[truck]] bodies were bolted to the frames near the end of the line.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Klier |first1=Thomas H. |last2=Rubenstein |first2=James M. |title=Who Really Made Your Car?: Restructuring and Geographic Change in the Auto Industry |date=2008 |publisher=W.E. Upjohn Institute |isbn=9780880993333 |page=273 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=ERZMbFjLM2UC&dq=Rolling+chassis+jeep&pg=PA273 |access-date=April 7, 2023}}</ref> An underbody (sometimes referred to as "[[coachwork]]"), which is usually not necessary for the integrity of the structure, is built on the chassis to complete the vehicle.

For [[commercial vehicle]]s, a rolling chassis consists of an assembly of all the essential parts of a truck without the body to be ready for operation on the road.<ref>{{cite book|title=Official Handbook of Automobiles |year=1922 |publisher=National Automobile Association |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=pjRuEBUi9f0C&q=NACC+definition+of+standard+chassis+commercial&pg=PA180 |author=Association of Licensed Automobile Manufacturers (U.S.) |access-date=10 September 2010 |page=180|oclc=6360726}}</ref> A car chassis will be different from one for commercial vehicles because of the heavier loads and constant work use.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Sturmey|first=Henry |magazine=Commercial Motor |title=The Use of Unsuitable Vehicles |volume=7 |issue=160 |date=2 April 1908 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=8oDnAAAAMAAJ&q=Chassis+only+commercial+vehicle&pg=PA146 |access-date=10 September 2010|pages=146–147}}</ref> Commercial vehicle manufacturers sell "chassis only", "cowl and chassis", as well as "[[chassis cab]]" versions that can be outfitted with specialized bodies. These include [[Recreational vehicle|motor homes]], [[fire apparatus|fire engines]], [[ambulance]]s, [[box truck]]s, etc.

In particular applications, such as [[school bus]]es, a government agency like [[National Highway Traffic Safety Administration]] (NHTSA) in the U.S. defines the design standards of chassis and body conversions.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Grenzeback |first1=Lance R. |first2=Sandi |last2=Lin |first3=Jacob |last3=Meunier |title=Operational Differences and Similarities among the Motorcoach, School Bus, and Trucking Industries |year=2005 |publisher=Transportation Research Board |isbn=9780309088213 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=BdzIVGZASxAC&q=cowl+and+chassis+commercial+vehicle&pg=PA13 |access-date=10 September 2010|page=13}}</ref>

An [[armoured fighting vehicle]]'s hull<ref>Starry p. 45, 79, 129, 143, 153, etc.</ref> serves as the chassis and comprises the bottom part of the AFV that includes the [[continuous track|tracks]], engine, driver's seat, and crew compartment. This describes the lower hull, although common usage might include the upper hull to mean the AFV without the [[gun turret|turret]]. The hull serves as a basis for [[Car platform|platform]]s on [[tank]]s, [[armoured personnel carrier]]s, [[military engineering vehicles|combat engineering vehicle]]s, etc.

In the [[intermodal freight transport|intermodal]] trucking industry, a [[Container chassis|chassis]] is a type of semi-trailer onto which a [[intermodal container|cargo container]] can be mounted for road transport.

===Electronics===
{{Main|Computer case}}
[[File:Gabinete99.jpg|thumb|An [[ATX]] [[computer case]] ]]

In an [[electronic device]] (such as a [[computer]]), the chassis consists of a frame or other internal supporting structure on which the [[printed circuit board|circuit board]]s and other electronics are mounted.<ref>{{cite book|last=Khandpur |first=Raghbir Singh |title=Troubleshooting Electronic Equipment |year=2006 |publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional |isbn=9780071477314 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=vzynnyINF20C&q=electronic+chassis&pg=PA45 |access-date=10 September 2010 |page=45}}</ref>

In some designs, such as older [[ENIAC]] sets, the chassis is mounted inside a heavy, rigid cabinet, while in other designs such as modern [[computer case]]s, lightweight covers or panels are attached to the chassis.

The combination of chassis and outer covering is sometimes called an ''enclosure''.

===Firearms===
{{See also|Rifle bedding}}
[[File:XM2010 November 2010.jpg|thumb|The [[M2010 Enhanced Sniper Rifle]], based on the [[bolt-action]] [[Remington 700]] design but [[rifle bedding|bedded]] inside an [[accurizing]] chassis.]]

In firearms, the chassis is a [[rifle bedding|bedding]] frame on [[long gun]]s such as [[rifle]]s to replace the traditionally wooden [[Stock (firearms)|stock]], for the purpose of better [[accurizing]] the gun. The chassis is usually made from hard [[metal]]lic material such as [[aluminium alloy]] (and less frequently [[stainless steel]], [[titanium alloy]] or recently [[magnesium alloy]]) due to metals having superior [[stiffness]] and [[compressive strength]] compared with wood or synthetic [[polymer]], which are commonly used in conventional [[rifle]] stocks.

The chassis essentially functions as a more extensive pillar bedding, providing a metal-on-metal [[bearing surface]] that has reduced shifting potential under the stress of [[recoil]]. A [[gun barrel|barrel]]ed [[action (firearms)|action]] bedded into a metal chassis would theoretically operate more consistently during repeated firing, resulting in better [[accuracy and precision|precision]]. With the increasing availability of [[CNC machining]], chassis have become more affordable and sophisticated as well as gained increasing popularity as these types of chassis can be expanded to accommodate customizable "furniture" ([[buttstock]], [[pistol grip]], etc.) and [[rail interface system]]s that provide mounting points for various accessories.

==See also==
*[[Airframe]]
*[[Backbone chassis]]
*[[Body-on-frame]]
*[[Bogie]]
*[[Coachbuilder]]
*[[Locomotive frame]]
*[[Monocoque]], construction from a structural shell instead of a structural frame
*[[Undercarriage (disambiguation)]]
*[[Underframe]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*{{cite web|last=Starry |first=Donn A. |title=Mounted Combat in Vietnam (Vietnam Studies) |work=Department of the Army |location=Washington, D.C. |date=2002 |url= https://history.army.mil/html/books/090/90-17-1/CMH_Pub_90-17-1.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150108125912/http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/090/90-17-1/CMH_Pub_90-17-1.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= January 8, 2015 |access-date=April 7, 2023}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Wiktionary}}

{{Chassis control systems}}
{{CarDesign nav}}

[[Category:Automotive chassis types]]
[[Category:Vehicle technology]]
[[Category:Computer enclosure]]
[[Category:Carriages and mountings]]