Editing Charlotte County, New Brunswick

{{short description|County in New Brunswick, Canada}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=June 2020}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                   = Charlotte County
|native_name            = Comté de Charlotte
|native_name_lang       = fr
|settlement_type        = [[List of counties of New Brunswick|County]]
|image_skyline          = Charlotte County Jail.jpg
|image_caption          = [[Charlotte County Court House|County courthouse]] and [[Charlotte County Gaol|jail]]
|image_map              = Map of New Brunswick highlighting Charlotte County.png
|map_caption            = Location within New Brunswick
|subdivision_type       = Country
|subdivision_name       = Canada
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[New Brunswick]]
|established_title      = Established
|established_date       = 1785
|named_for              = [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz]]
|established_title2     =
|established_date2      =
|established_title3     = 
|established_date3      = 
|area_magnitude         = 
|unit_pref              = Metric
|area_footnotes         = <ref name=2021census/>
|area_total_km2         = 
|area_land_km2          = 3,418.24
|area_water_km2         = 
|area_total_sq_mi       = 
|area_land_sq_mi        = 
|area_water_sq_mi       = 
|area_water_percent     = 
|area_urban_km2         = 
|area_urban_sq_mi       = 
|area_metro_km2         =  
|area_metro_sq_mi       = 
|area_blank1_title      = 
|area_blank1_km2        =
|area_blank1_sq_mi      =
|population_as_of       = 2021
|population_footnotes   = <ref name=2021census/>
|population_note        = 
|population_total               = 26,015
|population_density_km2         = 7.6
|population_density_sq_mi       = 
|population_metro               = 
|population_density_metro_km2   = 
|population_density_metro_sq_mi = 
|population_urban               =  
|population_density_urban_km2   = 
|population_density_urban_sq_mi = 
|population_blank1_title        = Pop&nbsp;<small>2016-2021</small>
|population_blank1              = {{increase}} 2.3%
|population_blank2_title        = Dwellings
|population_blank2              = 13,449
|population_density_blank1_km2 =  
|population_density_blank1_sq_mi =
|timezone               = [[Atlantic Time Zone|AST]]
|utc_offset             = −04:00
|timezone_DST           = ADT
|utc_offset_DST         = −03:00
|coordinates            = {{coord|45|10|N|66|50|W|region:CA-NB|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_footnotes    =  
|elevation_m            = 
|elevation_ft           = 
|elevation_min_m =  
|elevation_max_m =   
|area_code              = [[Area code 506|506]]
}}

'''Charlotte County''' (2021 population 26,015<ref name=2021census/>) is the most southwestern [[List of counties of New Brunswick|county of New Brunswick, Canada]].

It was formed in 1784 when New Brunswick was partitioned from [[Nova Scotia]]<ref>{{cite web |last1=Slumkoski |first1=Corey |title=The Partition of Nova Scotia |url=https://web.lib.unb.ca/winslow/partition.html |website=The Winslow Papers |publisher=Electronic text centre (UNB Libraries) |access-date=5 May 2020 |date=2005}}</ref> and named for [[Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz|Queen Charlotte]].<ref>{{citation| url=https://archives.gnb.ca/exhibits/communities/CountyListing.aspx?culture=en-CA&county=3| title=Place Names of New Brunswick: Where is Home? New Brunswick Communities Past and Present| chapter=Charlotte County| publisher=Provincial Archives of New Brunswick| accessdate=13 August 2023}}</ref> Once a layer of local government, the county seat was abolished with the [[New Brunswick Equal Opportunity program]] in 1966. Counties continue to be used as [[census subdivision]]s by [[Statistics Canada]].

Located in the southwestern corner of the province, bordering the US state of [[Maine]], Charlotte County is at the northern end of the [[Appalachian Mountains]], which gives it a rugged terrain that includes [[Mount Pleasant Caldera|Mount Pleasant]]. The [[St. Croix River (Maine–New Brunswick)|St. Croix]], [[Magaguadavic River|Magaguadavic]], and [[Digdeguash, New Brunswick|Digdegaush]] rivers drain into the [[Bay of Fundy]]. The county includes the large, populated islands of [[Grand Manan]], [[White Head Island|White Head]], [[Deer Island (New Brunswick)|Deer Island]], and [[Campobello Island|Campobello]].

Eighteen per cent of the workforce is employed in aquaculture. [[Connors Brothers Limited|Connors Bros.]], the largest sardine canning facility in North America, is located in [[Blacks Harbour, New Brunswick|Blacks Harbour]]. Cooke Aquaculture is an [[Atlantic salmon]] farming company, founded and headquartered in [[St. George, New Brunswick|St. George]]. A paper mill, operated by [[J. D. Irving|JD Irving]], is in Utopia, and Flakeboard Co. Ltd. operates outside of [[St. Stephen, New Brunswick|St. Stephen]]. [[Ganong Bros.]], Canada's oldest chocolate company, maintains its factory in St. Stephen.

Governance is in the form of [[List of municipalities in New Brunswick|New Brunswick municipalities]] in the case of the towns of [[St. Andrews, New Brunswick|St. Andrews]], [[St. George, New Brunswick|St. George]], and [[St. Stephen, New Brunswick|St. Stephen]], the villages of [[Grand Manan]] and [[Blacks Harbour, New Brunswick|Blacks Harbour]], and the rural community of [[Campobello Island]]. The remaining parts of the county are administered as [[Local service district (New Brunswick)|local service districts]] of the Southwest New Brunswick Regional Service Commission, except [[Clarendon Parish, New Brunswick|Clarendon]], which is part of RSC 11 in neighbouring [[Sunbury County, New Brunswick|Sunbury County]].

== Demographics ==
{{stack|{{Historical populations
| title= Historical Census Data - Charlotte County, New Brunswick
| percentages = 
| shading = off
| align = right
| cols = 
| 1991 |26607
| 1996 |27335
| 2001 |27366
| 2006 |26898
| 2011 |26549
| 2016 |25428
| 2021 |26015
| footnote = <ref name="scpast">Statistics Canada: [[Canada 1996 Census|1996]], [[Canada 2001 Census|2001]], [[Canada 2006 Census|2006]], [[Canada 2011 Census|2011]] census</ref><ref name="cp2011-CC"/><ref name=2021census/>
}}}}

As a [[Census divisions of Canada|census division]] in the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Charlotte County had a population of {{val|26015|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|11560|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|13449|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:26015-25428}}|25428|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|25428|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|3418.24|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|26015|3418.24|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000701 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada and census divisions | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=April 3, 2022}}</ref>
{{Canada census
 |location = Charlotte
 |2021_population=26,015 | 2021_pop_delta=+2.3  | 2021_land_area=3,418.24 | 2021_pop_density=7.6
 |2021_median_age=49.6 | 2021_median_age_m=48.8 | 2021_median_age_f=50.4
 |2021_total_pvt_dwell=13,449 |2021_occ_pvt_dwell=11,560 |2021_mean_hh_income=67,500 
 |2021_geocode=2021A00031302 | 2021_access_date=2023-10-19
 |2016_population=25,428 |2016_pop_delta=-4.2 |2016_land_area=3,426.97 |2016_pop_density=7.4
 |2016_median_age=47.9 |2016_median_age_m=47.0 |2016_median_age_f=48.8
 |2016_total_pvt_dwell=13,513 |2016_mean_hh_income=55,701 |2016_access_date=2019-09-07
 |2011_population=26,549 |2011_pop_delta=-1.3 |2011_land_area=3,424.33 |2011_pop_density=7.8
 |2011_median_age=45.1 |2011_median_age_m=44.0 |2011_median_age_f=46.0
 |2011_total_pvt_dwell=13,486 |2011_mean_hh_income=48,953 |2011_access_date=2014-03-26
 |2006_population=26,898 | 2006_pop_delta=-1.7 | 2006_land_area=3,423.52 | 2006_pop_density=7.9
 |2006_median_age=42.2 | 2006_median_age_m=41.3 | 2006_median_age_f=43.0
 |2006_total_pvt_dwell=13,392 | 2006_mean_hh_income=40,897 | 2006_access_date=2014-03-26
 |2001_population=27,366 | 2001_pop_delta=+0.1 | 2001_land_area=3,423.59 | 2001_pop_density=8.0
 |2001_median_age=38.9 | 2001_median_age_m=37.7 | 2001_median_age_f=39.8
 |2001_total_pvt_dwell=12,426 |2001_mean_hh_income=38,073 | 2001_access_date=2014-03-26
 |notes=
}}

=== Population by census subdivision ===
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Official name
! Designation
! Area: km<sup>2</sup> (sq mi)
! 2016 population<ref name="cp2016"/>
|-
| [[St. Stephen, New Brunswick|St. Stephen]]
| Town
| align="right"|{{convert|13.52|km2|abbr=values}}
|  align="right"|4,415
|-
| [[Grand Manan]]
| Village
| align="right"|{{convert|152.77|km2|abbr=values}}
|  align="right"|2,360
|-
| [[St. Andrews, New Brunswick|St. Andrews]]
| Town
| align="right"|{{convert|8.35|km2|abbr=values}}
|  align="right"|1,786
|-
| [[St. George, New Brunswick|St. George]]
| Town
| align="right"|{{convert|16.17|km2|abbr=values}}
|  align="right"|1,517
|-
|[[Saint George Parish, New Brunswick|Saint George]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|2,141
|-
|[[Pennfield Parish, New Brunswick|Pennfield]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|2,170
|-
|[[Saint Stephen Parish, New Brunswick|Saint Stephen]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|1,839
|-
|[[Saint David Parish, New Brunswick|Saint David]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|1,529
|-
|[[Saint James Parish, New Brunswick|Saint James]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|1,186
|-
|Fundy Bay
|LSD
|align="right"|60.24
|align="right"|1,167
|-
|Dennis-Weston
|LSD
|align="right"|43.94
|align="right"|1,023
|-
| [[Blacks Harbour, New Brunswick|Blacks Harbour]]
| Village
| align="right"|{{convert|9.06|km2|abbr=values}}
|  align="right"|894
|-
| [[Campobello Island]]
| Rural community
| align="right"|{{convert|39.67|km2|abbr=values}}
|  align="right"|872
|-
|[[West Isles Parish, New Brunswick|West Isles]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|797
|-
|[[Lepreau Parish, New Brunswick|Lepreau]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|707
|-
|[[Saint Patrick Parish, New Brunswick|Saint Patrick]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|689
|-
|[[Saint Croix Parish, New Brunswick|Saint Croix]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|657
|-
|[[Dufferin Parish, New Brunswick|Dufferin]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|573
|-
|[[Saint Andrews Parish, New Brunswick|Saint Andrews]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|553
|-
|Western Charlotte part B
|LSD
|align="right"|28.97
|align="right"|534
|-
|Western Charlotte part A
|LSD
|align="right"|162.3
|align="right"|435
|-
|[[Dumbarton Parish, New Brunswick|Dumbarton]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|335
|-
|[[Beaver Harbour, New Brunswick|Beaver Harbour]]
|LSD
|align="right"|2.25
|align="right"|277
|-
|[[Grand Manan Parish, New Brunswick|Grand Manan]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|145
|-
|[[Clarendon Parish, New Brunswick|Clarendon]]
|Parish
|
|align="right"|63
|}

===Language===
{| class="wikitable"
!colspan="19"|Canada Census Mother Tongue - Charlotte County, New Brunswick<ref name="scpast"/>
|-
! Census
|
! Total
|colspan="1"| 
!colspan="3"|{{center|English}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|French}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|English & French}}
|colspan="1"|
!colspan="3"|{{center|Non-official languages}}
|-
! Year
|
! Responses
| 
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|
! Count
! Trend
! Pop %
|-
| {{center|2016}}
|
| {{center|25,115}}
|
| 23,850
| {{decrease}} 4.9%
| 94.96%
|
| 580
| {{decrease}} 5.2%
| 2.31%
|
| 50
| {{decrease}} 10.0%
| 0.21%
|
| 570
| {{increase}} 12.9%
| 2.27%
|-
| {{center|2011}}
|
| {{center|26,185}}
|
| 25,015
| {{decrease}} 2.4%
| 95.53%
|
| 610
| {{increase}} 7.0%
| 2.33%
|
| 55
| {{increase}} 120.0%
| 0.21%
|
| 505
| {{increase}} 26.3%
| 1.93%
|-
| {{center|2006}}
|
| {{center|26,620}}
|
| 25,625
| {{decrease}} 1.8%
| 96.26%
|
| 570
| {{decrease}} 15.6%
| 2.14%
|
| 25
| {{decrease}} 28.6%
| 0.10%
|
| 400
| {{increase}} 90.5%
| 1.50%
|-
| {{center|2001}}
|
| {{center|27,020}}
|
| 26,100
| {{decrease}} 0.2%
| 96.59%
|
| 675
| {{increase}} 23.9%
| 2.50%
|
| 35
| {{decrease}} 22.2%
| 0.13%
|
| 210
| {{decrease}} 16.0%
| 0.78%
|-
| {{center|1996}}
|
| {{center|26,990}}
|
| 26,150
| n/a
| 96.89%
|
| 545
| n/a
| 2.02%
|
| 45
| n/a
| 0.17%
|
| 250
| n/a
| 0.93%
|}

==Infrastructure==
===Power generation===
Hydroelectric dams operate in [[St. George, New Brunswick|St. George]] and [[St. Stephen, New Brunswick|St. Stephen]] at Milltown, though the latter is currently being decommissioned.

===Major highways===

{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|1}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|3}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|127}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|170}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|172}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|175}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|176}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|630}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|725}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|730}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|735}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|740}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|745}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|750}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|755}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|760}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|770}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|772}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|774}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|776}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|778}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|780}}
*{{jct|state=NB|NB|785}}
{{Div col end}}

==See also==
[[File:Charlotte County Fair NB.png|thumb|1909 advertisement for the first Charlotte County Fair]]
* [[List of communities in New Brunswick]]
* [[List of historic places in Charlotte County, New Brunswick]]
* [[List of people from Charlotte County, New Brunswick]]
* Disputed areas with the United States: [[Machias Seal Island]], [[North Rock]]
* [[List of parishes in New Brunswick]]
* [[Royal eponyms in Canada]]

==References==
{{reflist|refs=
<ref name="cp2011-CC">[http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CD&Code1=1302&Geo2=PR&Code2=13&Data=Count&SearchText=charlott&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 2011 Statistics Canada Census Profile: Charlotte County, New Brunswick]</ref>
}}

{{Geographic Location (8-way)
 | Centre =  Charlotte County
 | North =   [[York County, New Brunswick|York County]] / [[Sunbury County, New Brunswick|Sunbury County]]
 | Northeast = [[Queens County, New Brunswick|Queens County]]
 | East =  [[Kings County, New Brunswick|Kings County]] <br> [[Saint John County, New Brunswick|Saint John County]]
 | Southeast = 
 | South =  ''[[Bay of Fundy]]''
 | Southwest = 
 | West =  {{flagicon|Maine}} [[Washington County, Maine]] <br> {{USA}}
 | Northwest = 
}}

{{Subdivisions of New Brunswick|counties=yes|state=expanded}}

[[Category:Charlotte County, New Brunswick| ]]
[[Category:Counties of New Brunswick]]
[[Category:1785 establishments in New Brunswick]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1785]]