Editing Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor

{{Short description|Holy Roman Emperor from 1742 to 1745}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name         = Charles VII
| title        = [[Imperator Romanorum]]
| image        = File:Carl Albrecht VII, by workshop of George Desmarees.jpg
| image_size   = 
| caption      = Portrait by [[Georg Desmarées]], {{circa|1745}}
| succession   = [[Holy Roman Emperor]]
| moretext     = ([[#Regnal titles|more...]])
| reign        = 24 January 1742 – <br>20 January 1745
| coronation   = 12 February 1742<br>[[Frankfurt Cathedral]]
| cor-type     = [[Coronation of the Holy Roman Emperor#German royal coronation|Coronation]]
| predecessor  = [[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles VI]]
| successor    = [[Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis I]]
| succession1  = [[King of Bohemia]]
| reign1       = 19 December 1741 – <br>12 May 1743
| predecessor1 = [[Maria Theresa]]
| successor1   = Maria Theresa
| coronation1  = 19 December 1741<br>[[St Vitus Cathedral]]
| cor-type1    = [[Coronation of the Bohemian monarch|Coronation]]
| succession2  = [[Elector of Bavaria]]
| reign2       = 26 February 1726 – <br>20 January 1745
| predecessor2 = [[Maximilian II Emanuel]]
| successor2   = [[Maximilian III Joseph]]
| spouse       = {{marriage|[[Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress|Maria Amalia of Austria]]|1722}}
| house        = [[House of Wittelsbach|Wittelsbach]]
| father       = [[Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria]]
| mother       = [[Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska]]
| issue        = {{plainlist|
*[[Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria|Maria Antonia, Electress of Saxony]]
*[[Theresa Benedicta of Bavaria|Duchess Theresa Benedicta]]
*[[Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria]]
*[[Maria Anna Josepha of Bavaria|Maria Anna Josepha, Margravine of Baden-Baden]]
*[[Maria Josepha of Bavaria|Maria Josepha, Holy Roman Empress]]}}
| issue-link   = #Children
| issue-pipe   = Detail
| full name    = English: Charles Albert<br>
[[German language|German]]: Karl Albrecht
| birth_date   = {{Birth date|1697|8|6|df=y}}
| birth_place  = [[Brussels]], [[Duchy of Brabant]] [[Spanish Netherlands]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
| death_date   = {{Death date and age|1745|1|20|1697|8|6|df=y}}
| death_place  = [[Munich]], [[Electorate of Bavaria|Bavaria]], [[Holy Roman Empire]]
| place of burial = [[Theatine Church, Munich]]
| religion     = [[Roman Catholicism]]
| signature    = Signature of Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor.svg
}}
'''Charles VII''' (6 August 1697 – 20 January 1745)<!--- Don't include the places of birth and death here; it's against WP:LEAD.---> was [[prince-elector|elector]] of [[Electorate of Bavaria|Bavaria]] from 26 February 1726 and [[Holy Roman Emperor]] from 24 January 1742 to his death. He was also [[King of Bohemia]] (as '''Charles Albert''') from 1741 to 1743. Charles was a member of the [[House of Wittelsbach]], and his reign as Holy Roman Emperor thus marked the end of three centuries of uninterrupted [[Habsburg]] imperial rule, although he was related to the Habsburgs by both blood and marriage.

Charles was the eldest son of Elector [[Maximilian&nbsp;II Emanuel]] of Bavaria and the Polish princess [[Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska]]. He became [[Prince-elector|elector]] following the death of his father in 1726. In 1722, Charles married Archduchess [[Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress|Maria Amalia of Austria]], daughter of [[Holy Roman Emperor Joseph&nbsp;I]] and niece of [[Emperor Charles&nbsp;VI]]. The couple had seven children together. After Charles&nbsp;VI died in 1740, Elector Charles claimed the [[Archduchy of Austria]] and briefly gained hold of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemian throne]]. In 1742, he [[1742 imperial election|was elected emperor]] of the Holy Roman Empire. He ruled until his death three years later.<ref name="bio">{{Cite web |title=Karl VII. |url=https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/gnd118560115.html#ndbcontent |last=Fritz Wagner |publisher=Deutsche Biographie |access-date=12 January 2020}}</ref><ref name="heb">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EQUNNfK5524C&pg=PA250 |title=Die Herrscher Bayerns: 25 historische Portraits von Tassilo III. bis Ludwig III. |publisher=C.H.Beck |year=2006 |isbn=978-3-406-54468-2 |pages=250–}}</ref><ref name="BraunKeller2016">{{Cite book |last1=Bettina Braun |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MpdVDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA194 |title=Nur die Frau des Kaisers?: Kaiserinnen in der Frühen Neuzeit |last2=Katrin Keller |last3=Matthias Schnettger |year=2016 |publisher=Böhlau Verlag Wien |isbn=978-3-205-20085-7 |pages=194–}}</ref>

==Early life and career==
[[File:Vivien Charles Albert of Bavaria.jpg|thumb|left|The young Charles Albert, 1717–1719, [[Joseph Vivien]], [[Royal Castle, Warsaw|Royal Castle]] in [[Warsaw]]]]
Charles (Albert) ({{langx|de|Karl Albrecht}}) was born in [[Brussels]] and the son of [[Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria]], and [[Theresa Kunegunda Sobieska]], daughter of King [[John III Sobieski]] of Poland.<ref name="KG">{{Cite book |last=Fritz Rudolf Künker GmbH & Co. KG |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n-ZqtB6DmXEC |title=Künker Auktion 108 – Bayern und das Haus Wittelsbach, Eine bedeutende Spezialsammlung – p. 59 |publisher=Numismatischer Verlag Künker |id=GGKEY:PTBHSKFT0ZC}}</ref>

His family was politically divided during the [[War of the Spanish Succession]], and he spent many years under [[house arrest]] in [[Habsburg monarchy|Austria]]. The royal family had left Brussels and returned to [[Munich]] in 1701. His father, Maximilian Emanuel, fled to the [[Spanish Netherlands]] after he had been defeated at the [[Battle of Blenheim]] in August 1704, and Charles and his siblings stayed with their mother, the acting [[Regent]], in Munich. In May 1705, after a stay in [[Republic of Venice|Venice]], the Austrian authorities refused to allow the Electress to return to [[Electorate of Bavaria|Bavaria]] and forced her into exile, which lasted ten years. Maximilian Emanuel went also into exile to [[Compiègne]] after on 29 April 1706, an [[Imperial ban]] was imposed on him, as he again had been defeated at the [[Battle of Ramillies]] a few days earlier.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Max Emanuel. Der Blaue Kurfürst 1679–1726. Eine politische Biographie |url=https://sites.google.com/site/nocsapubul/home/max-emanue-ugitnhbl1aj7 |last=Ludwig Hüttl |publisher=Google Sites |access-date=1 April 2020}}</ref> Only in 1715 was the family reconciled. After reaching his [[Age of majority|majority]] in August 1715, Charles undertook an educational tour to Italy from 3 December 1715 to 24 August 1716. In 1717, he served among Bavarian auxiliaries in the [[Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)|Austro-Turkish War]].<ref name="zei">{{Cite web |title=Weibliche Regentschaft in Krisenzeiten. Zur Interimsregierung der bayerischen Kurfürstin Therese Kunigunde (1704/05) |url=http://www.zeitenblicke.de/2009/2/kaegler |last=Britta Kägler |date=30 June 2009 |publisher=Zeitenblicke |access-date=12 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=heb/>

On 5 October 1722, Charles married [[Archduchess]] [[Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress|Maria Amalia of Austria]], whom he had met at the imperial court in Vienna. She was the youngest daughter of the late Emperor [[Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph I]] and his wife, [[Wilhelmine Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]. Bavaria had renounced all claims to the throne via the marriage, but it provided the legal basis to the inheritance of certain Austrian possessions.

In 1725, Charles visited [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]] during the wedding celebrations of [[Louis XV of France]] and established a personal contact with the French court.<ref name="Kraus1988">{{Cite book |last=Andreas Kraus |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nijFf7ML_boC&pg=PA513 |title=Das alte Bayern: Der Territorialstaat vom Ausgang des 12. Jahrhunderts bis zum Ausgang des 18. Jahrhunderts / in Verbindung mit Dieter Albrecht ....  |publisher=C.H.Beck |year=1988 |isbn=978-3-406-32320-1 |pages=513–}}</ref>

In 1726, after his father had died, Charles became Duke of Bavaria and [[Elector Palatine]]  and thus one of the [[prince-electors]] of the [[Holy Roman Empire]], and he also inherited a debt of 26 million [[guilders]].<ref name="Junkelmann2000">{{Cite book |last=Marcus Junkelmann |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ciCo8m3gtj4C |title=Kurfürst Max Emanuel von Bayern als Feldherr |publisher=Herbert Utz Verlag |year=2000 |isbn=978-3-89675-731-9}}</ref> He maintained good relations with both his Habsburg relatives and France, continuing his father's policies.

In 1729, he instituted the knightly [[Royal Order of Saint George for the Defense of the Immaculate Conception|Order of St George]] and ordered the beginning of the construction of the [[Rothenberg Fortress]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Mit uns muss man rechnen, 200 Jahre Bayerischer Oberster Rechnungshof, Die Zerrüttung der Staatsfinanzen in Bayern im 18. Jahrhundert |url=https://www.orh.bayern.de/images/files/ORH/Geschichte/Staatliche_Archive_Bayerns_Ausstellung_38_ORH.pdf |last=Genoveva Rausch |publisher=Staatliche Archive Bayerns |access-date=12 January 2020 |archive-date=17 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230417082153/https://www.orh.bayern.de/images/files/ORH/Geschichte/Staatliche_Archive_Bayerns_Ausstellung_38_ORH.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="bio" />

==Holy Roman Emperor==
[[File:Karl VII.jpg|thumb|left|[[Allegory|Allegorical]] depiction of Charles's coronation as Holy Roman Emperor (1742)]]
[[File:Albrecht-KaiserKarl-Taler1743.JPG|thumb|left|[[Thaler]] coin of Charles VII, dated 1743]]

In continuance of the policy of his father, Charles aspired to an even higher rank. As son-in-law of [[Emperor Joseph I]], Charles rejected the [[Pragmatic Sanction of 1713]] and claimed the German territories of the Habsburg dynasty against [[Maria Theresa]], daughter of [[Emperor Charles VI]], in 1740. By the [[Treaty of Nymphenburg]], which was concluded in July 1741, Charles became allied with [[Kingdom of France|France]] and [[History of Spain (1700-1808)|Spain]] against Austria.<ref name="Winder2014">{{Cite book |last=Simon Winder |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TVT1AAAAQBAJ&pg=PA537 |title=Danubia: A Personal History of Habsburg Europe |year=2014 |publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux |isbn=978-0-374-71161-0 |pages=177–}}</ref>

During the [[War of the Austrian Succession]], Charles invaded [[Upper Austria]] in 1741 and planned to conquer [[Vienna]], but his allied French troops under the [[Charles Louis Auguste Fouquet, duc de Belle-Isle|Duc de Belle-Isle]] were instead redirected to [[Kingdom of Bohemia|Bohemia]], capturing [[Prague]] in November 1741. That meant that Charles was crowned [[king of Bohemia]] in Prague on 19 December 1741, when the Habsburgs had not yet been defeated. He was [[1742 imperial election|unanimously elected]] [[king of Germany]] on 24 January 1742 and became [[Holy Roman emperor]] upon his coronation on 12 February 1742. His brother [[Klemens August of Bavaria|Clement August]], the [[archbishop-elector of Cologne]], generally sided with the Habsburg-Lorraine faction in the disputes over the Habsburg succession but cast his vote for him and personally crowned him emperor at [[Frankfurt am Main|Frankfurt]]. King [[George II of Great Britain]], as the elector of [[Electorate of Hanover|Hanover]], also voted to install Charles as emperor even though both [[Kingdom of Great Britain|Britain]] and Hanover were allied with Austria in the ongoing war. Charles VII was the second [[Wittelsbach]] emperor after [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis IV]] and the first Wittelsbach king of Germany since the reign of [[Rupert of Germany|Rupert]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EQUNNfK5524C&pg=PA244 |title=Die Herrscher Bayerns: 25 historische Portraits von Tassilo III. bis Ludwig III. |publisher=C.H.Beck |year=2006 |isbn=978-3-406-54468-2 |pages=244–}}</ref><ref name="Agnew2004">{{Cite book |last=Hugh LeCaine Agnew |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Db76shTEM60C&pg=PT131 |title=The Czechs and the Lands of the Bohemian Crown |publisher=Hoover Press |year=2004 |isbn=978-0-8179-4492-6 |pages=131–}}</ref><ref name="Aretin1993">{{Cite book |last=Karl Otmar Freiherr von Aretin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6v4QdEnA20oC&pg=PA561 |title=Das Alte Reich, 1648–1806: Kaisertradition und österreichische Grossmachtpolitik (1684–1745) |publisher=Klett Cotta |year=1993 |isbn=978-3-608-91489-4 |pages=430–}}</ref>

Shortly after his coronation, most of Charles's territories were overrun by the Austrians, and [[Electorate of Bavaria|Bavaria]] was occupied by the troops of Maria Theresa. The Emperor fled Munich and resided for almost three years in the ''Palais Barckhaus'' in [[Frankfurt]]. Most of Bohemia was lost in December 1742, when the Austrians allowed the French under the Duc de Belle-Isle and the [[François-Marie, 1st duc de Broglie|Duc de Broglie]] an honourable capitulation. Charles was mocked as an emperor who neither controlled his own realm nor was in effective control of the empire itself, but the institution of the Holy Roman emperor had largely become symbolic in nature and powerless by then. A popular [[Latin]] saying about him was ''et caesar et nihil'', meaning "both emperor and nothing", a word play on ''aut caesar aut nihil'', meaning "either emperor or nothing". Bavarian General Ignaz Felix, Count of Törring-Jettenbach was compared to a drum, as people "heard about him only when he was beaten".<ref name="Godsey2018">{{Cite book |last=William D. Godsey |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8wpDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA427 |title=The Sinews of Habsburg Power |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2018 |isbn=978-0-19-880939-5 |pages=189–}}</ref>

Charles VII tried to boost his prestige from Frankfurt with numerous legal acts, such as  granting imperial privilege to the [[University of Erlangen-Nuremberg|University of Erlangen]] in 1743 and creating several new imperial nobles. [[Charles Eugene, Duke of Württemberg]], was declared to be of full age in 1744, ahead of time. [[Alexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis]] served as Principal Commissioner for Charles VII at the [[Perpetual Diet of Regensburg]] and in 1744 the [[Thurn und Taxis]] dynasty were appointed the hereditary Postmasters General of the Imperial [[Kaiserliche Reichspost |Reichspost]].<ref name="Stollberg-Rilinger2018">{{Cite book |last=Barbara Stollberg-Rilinger |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=I3OYDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA158 |title=The Holy Roman Empire: A Short History |year= 2018 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-17911-7 |pages=106–}}</ref><ref name=heb/>

The new commander of the Bavarian army, [[Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff]], fought Austria in a series of battles in 1743 and 1744. In 1743, his troops and their allies took Bavaria, and Charles was able to return to Munich in April for some time before losing Bavaria again after his French allies were defeated and withdrew to the Rhine. [[Frederick II of Prussia]]'s new campaign during the [[Second Silesian War]] finally forced the Austrian army to leave Bavaria and to retreat into Bohemia. In October 1744, Charles regained Munich and returned, this time for good. With former Vice-Chancellor [[Friedrich Karl von Schönborn]] as a go-between, the Emperor then sought to reach a compromise with Vienna but failed to get more military support from France.<ref name="Whaley2012">{{Cite book |last=Joachim Whaley |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NeqGLXvgH7YC |title=Germany and the Holy Roman Empire: Volume II: The Peace of Westphalia to the Dissolution of the Reich, 1648–1806 |publisher=OUP Oxford |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-19-969307-8}}</ref><ref name="KG" />

Suffering severely from [[gout]], Charles died at [[Nymphenburg Palace]] in January 1745. He is buried in the crypt of the [[Theatinerkirche (München)|Theatinerkirche]] in Munich. His heart was separately buried in the [[Shrine of Our Lady of Altötting]].<ref name="bio" /> [[Georg Philipp Telemann]] composed his requiem "I was Hoping for Light". King [[Frederick the Great]] of Prussia wrote in 1746, "This death robbed me of the emperor, who was my friend".<ref name="SchindlingZiegler1990">{{Cite book |last1=Anton Schindling |author-link1=Anton Schindling |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uTg43WtvPnQC |title=Die Kaiser der Neuzeit, 1519–1918: Heiliges Römisches Reich, Österreich, Deutschland |page=230 |last2=Walter Ziegler |author2-link=Walter Ziegler |publisher=C.H. Beck |year=1990 |isbn=978-3-406-34395-7}}</ref>

Charles' brother Klemens August was more pro-Austrian, and Charles' son and successor [[Maximilian III, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilian III Joseph]] made peace with Austria. With the [[Treaty of Füssen]], Austria recognized the legitimacy of Charles's election as Holy Roman Emperor.<ref name="KG" />

==Cultural legacy==
[[Image:Frankfurt Am Main-Zeil-Johan Conrad Unsinger-Fassade des Palais Barckhaus-1711.jpg|thumb|Emperor Charles's residence ''Palais Barckhaus'' in [[Zeil]], Frankfurt, which he used in exile]]
[[File:Galerie Residenz.jpg|thumb|left|200px|The Ancestral Gallery (Ahnengallerie, 1726–1731), Munich Residenz]]
Charles VII's reign represented the height of the Bavarian [[Rococo]] era. The [[Nymphenburg Palace]] was completed during his reign. The Grand Circle (''Schlossrondell''), which is flanked by a string of elaborate [[Baroque architecture|Baroque]] mansions was initially planned as a basic blueprint for a new city (''Carlstadt''), but that was not achieved. Charles VII resided in Nymphenburg, and the palace became the favorite summer residence of the future rulers of Bavaria. Charles effected the building of the Ancestral Gallery and the Ornate Rooms at the [[Munich Residenz]]. He purchased the [[Palais Porcia]] in 1731 and had the mansion restored in Rococo style in 1736 for one of his mistresses, Countess Topor-Morawitzka. The mansion was named after her husband, Prince Porcia. He also ordered [[François de Cuvilliés]], chief architect of the court, to build the [[Palais Holnstein]] for another one of his mistresses, [[Maria Caroline Charlotte von Ingenheim|Sophie Caroline von Ingenheim, Countess Holnstein]], between 1733 and 1737. Cuvilliés constructed the [[Amalienburg]] as well for Charles and his wife, Maria Amalia, an elaborate hunting lodge designed in the Rococo style between 1734 and 1739 in the [[Nymphenburg Palace Park]].<ref name="KG" /><ref name=heb/>

During Charles's reign, numerous accomplished Italian, French, Bavarian, and other German architects, sculptors, painters and artisans were employed in royal service, often for many years. Among them were [[Dominique Girard (garden designer)|Dominique Girard]], François de Cuvilliés, [[Joseph Effner]], [[Ignaz Günther]], [[Johann Michael Fischer]], [[Cosmas Damian Asam]] and [[Egid Quirin Asam]], [[Johann Michael Feuchtmayer]], [[Matthäus Günther]], [[Johann Baptist Straub]] and [[Johann Baptist Zimmermann]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Schlosspark Nymphenburg |url=https://www.muenchen.de/sehenswuerdigkeiten/orte/120263.html |publisher=München de |access-date=4 January 2020}}</ref>

==Children==
Charles and his wife, [[Maria Amalia, Holy Roman Empress|Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria]], were parents of seven children:

{| border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse;"
|- bgcolor=Lavender
!Name!!Portrait!!Birth!!Death!!Notes
|-
|align=center|'''Maximiliane Maria'''<br />Princess of Bavaria ||align=center|[[File:Arms of Charles VII Albert, Holy Roman Emperor.svg|100px]] ||align="center" colspan="2"| 12 April 1723 ||align=center|Died at birth.
|-
|align=center|'''[[Maria Antonia Walpurgis of Bavaria|Maria Antonia Walpurgis]]'''<br />Electress of Saxony ||align=center| [[File:Maria Antonia Walpurgis von Bayern, Mengs, 1752.jpg|100px]] ||align=center|18 July 1724 ||align=center| 23 April 1780 ||align=center|Married in 1747 [[Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony|Frederick Christian of Saxony]], had issue.
|-
|align=center|'''[[Theresa Benedicta of Bavaria|Theresa Benedicta]]'''<br />Princess of Bavaria ||align=center|[[File:Desmarées, studio of - Theresa Benedicta of Bavaria.jpg|100px]] ||align=center|6 December 1725 ||align=center| 29 March 1743 ||align=center|Died young and unmarried.
|-
|align=center|'''[[Maximilian III Joseph, Elector of Bavaria|Maximilian III Joseph]]'''<br />Elector of Bavaria ||align=center| [[File:Desmarees workshop Maximilian III of Bavaria.jpg|100px]] ||align=center|28 March 1727 ||align=center|30 December 1777 ||align=center|Married in 1747 [[Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony]], no issue.
|-
|align=center|'''Joseph Ludwig Leo'''<br />Prince of Bavaria ||align=center|[[File:Portrait of Joseph Ludwig of Bavaria (cropped).png|100px]] ||align=center|25 August 1728 ||align=center| 2 December 1733 ||align=center|Died in early childhood.
|-
|align=center|'''[[Duchess Maria Anna Josepha of Bavaria|Maria Anna Josepha]]'''<br />Margravine of Baden-Baden ||align=center| [[Image:Desmarées - Maria Anna of Bavaria, Rastatt.jpg|100px]] ||align=center|7 August 1734 ||align=center| 7 May 1776 ||align=center|Married in 1755 [[Louis George, Margrave of Baden-Baden]], no issue.
|-
|align=center|'''[[Maria Josepha of Bavaria|Maria Josepha]]'''<br />Holy Roman Empress ||align=center| [[Image:Maria Josepha von Bayern.jpg|100px]] ||align=center|30 March 1739 ||align=center|28 May 1767 ||align=center|Married in 1765 [[Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor|Joseph, King of the Romans]], no issue.
|}

===Illegitimate children===
Charles Albert and his mistress [[Maria Caroline Charlotte von Ingenheim|Sophie Caroline von Ingenheim]] had a son:
* Franz Ludwig, Count of Holnstein (4 October 1723 – 22 May 1780) ∞ Anna Marie zu Löwenfeld (1735–1783), daughter of [[Clemens August of Bavaria]]. He had issue:
** Maximilian Joseph, Count of Holnstein, married to Princess Maria Josepha of [[Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst]] (1774–1824), daughter of Prince [[Charles Albert II, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst|Charles Albert II]].

==Titles and Arms==
''Charles VII, by the grace of God elected Holy Roman Emperor, forever August, King in Germany and of Bohemia, Duke in the [[Upper Bavaria|Upper]] and [[Lower Bavaria]] as well as the [[Upper Palatinate]], [[Electoral Palatinate|Count-Palatine of the Rhine]], Archduke of Austria, Prince-Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, [[Landgraves of Leuchtenberg|Landgrave of Leuchtenberg]], etc. etc.''<ref name=heb/>

{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto; text-align:center;"
|+Coat of arms
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Charles VII Albert, Holy Roman Emperor.svg|185px]]<br /> Coat of arms
| [[File:Coat of Arms of Charles VII Albert, Holy Roman Emperor-Or shield variant.svg|130px]]<br /> Coat of arms (Shield variant)
| [[File:Ornamented Coat of Arms of Charles VII Albert, Holy Roman Emperor.svg|250px]]<br /> Coat of arms (Shield variant with supporters)
|}

==Ancestry==
{{ahnentafel
|collapsed=yes |align=center
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe;
|1= 1. '''Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor'''
|2= 2. [[Maximilian II Emanuel, Elector of Bavaria]]
|3= 3. [[Teresa Kunegunda Sobieska]]
|4= 4. [[Ferdinand Maria, Elector of Bavaria]]
|5= 5. [[Henriette Adelaide of Savoy]]
|6= 6. [[John III Sobieski]]
|7= 7. [[Marie Casimire Louise de la Grange d'Arquien]]
|8= 8. [[Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria]]
|9= 9. [[Maria Anna of Austria (1610-1665)|Maria Anna of Austria]]
|10= 10. [[Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy]]
|11= 11. [[Christine Marie of France]]
|12= 12. [[Jakub Sobieski]]
|13= 13. [[Zofia Teofillia Daniłowicz]]
|14= 14. [[Henri Albert de La Grange d'Arquien]]
|15= 15. Françoise de la Châtre
}}

==See also==
* [[War of the Austrian Succession]]
* [[War of the Bavarian Succession]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|2}}

== External links ==
{{commons category-inline}}
===Regnal titles===
{{s-start}}
{{S-hou|[[House of Wittelsbach]]|6 August|1697|20 January|1745}}
{{S-reg|}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Maximilian II Emanuel]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Elector of Bavaria]]|years=26 February 1726 – 20 January 1745}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Maximilian III Joseph]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Maria Theresa]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[King of Bohemia]]|years=19 December 1741 – 12 May 1743}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Maria Theresa]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Charles VI, Holy Roman Emperor|Charles VI]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Holy Roman Emperor]]<br />[[King in Germany]]|years=24 January 1742 – 20 January 1745}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor|Francis I]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Electors of Bavaria}}
{{Monarchs of Bohemia}}
{{Holy Roman Emperors}}
{{German monarchs}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Charles 07 Of Holy Roman Empire}}
[[Category:Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor| ]]
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[[Category:18th-century Holy Roman Emperors]]
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[[Category:Nobility from Brussels]]
[[Category:People from the Spanish Netherlands]]
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[[Category:Pretenders to the Bohemian throne]]
[[Category:German military personnel of the War of the Austrian Succession]]
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[[Category:Burials at the Theatine Church, Munich]]