Editing Centralia, Kansas

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Short description|City in Nemaha County, Kansas, US}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Centralia, Kansas
|settlement_type          = [[City]]

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            =
|image_caption            =
|image_flag               =
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Nemaha_County_Kansas_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Centralia_Highlighted.svg
|map_caption              = Location within [[Nemaha County, Kansas|Nemaha County]] and [[Kansas]]
|image_map1               = Map of Nemaha Co, Ks, USA.png
|map_caption1             = [[Kansas Department of Transportation|KDOT]] map of [[Nemaha County, Kansas|Nemaha County]] ([[:File:Kansas official transportation map legend.png|legend]])

<!-- Location -->
|coordinates_footnotes    = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|coordinates              = {{coord|39|43|28|N|96|07|48|W|region:US-KS_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Kansas]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Kansas|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Nemaha County, Kansas|Nemaha]]
|subdivision_type3        = [[List of townships in Kansas|Township]]
|subdivision_name3        =

<!-- Established -->
|established_title        = Founded
|established_date         = 1859
|established_title1       = [[Platted]]
|established_date1        =
|established_title2       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]
|established_date2        = 1882
|named_for                =

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     =
|government_type          = <!-- [[Mayor–council government|Mayor–Council]] -->
|leader_title             = [[Mayor]]
|leader_name              =

<!-- Area -->
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2019">{{cite web|title=2019 U.S. Gazetteer Files|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2019_Gazetteer/2019_gaz_place_20.txt|publisher=United States Census Bureau|access-date=July 24, 2020}}</ref>
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.45
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.45
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
|area_total_km2           = 1.17
|area_land_km2            = 1.17
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|unit_pref                = Imperial

<!-- Elevation -->
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name="GNIS"/>
|elevation_ft             = 1296

<!-- Population -->
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census-2020-Profile"/>
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_total         = 485
|pop_est_footnotes        =
|pop_est_as_of            =
|population_est           =
|population_density_sq_mi = auto
|population_density_km2   = auto

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Central Time Zone|CST]]
|utc_offset               = -6
|timezone_DST             = CDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -5
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 66415
|area_code_type           = [[North American Numbering Plan|Area code]]
|area_code                = [[Area code 785|785]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 20-12425
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS ID]]
|blank1_info              = 2393790<ref name="GNIS">{{GNIS|2393790}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|https://cityofcentraliaks.org/|cityofcentraliaks.org}}
}}

'''Centralia''' is a city in [[Nemaha County, Kansas|Nemaha County]], [[Kansas]], United States.<ref name="GNIS"/>  As of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]], the population of the city was 485.<ref name="Census-2020-Profile">{{cite web |title=Profile of Centralia, Kansas in 2020 |url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2012425 |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=June 9, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220610002928/https://data.census.gov/cedsci/profile?g=1600000US2012425 |archive-date=June 10, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

==History==
Centralia was founded in 1859, one mile north of the present town. When a railroad was built through the territory in 1867, Centralia was moved to the site.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_5zdAAQAAMAAJ | title=Biennial Report of the Board of Directors of the Kansas State Historical Society | publisher=Kansas State Printing Plant | author=Kansas State Historical Society | year=1916 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_5zdAAQAAMAAJ/page/n356 249]}}</ref> Centralia was incorporated in 1882.<ref>{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C | title=Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. | publisher=Standard Publishing Company | author=Blackmar, Frank Wilson | year=1912 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_o8X5krq3fP8C/page/n303 307]}}</ref> One of the early residents of Centralia was [[Floyd Perry Baker]], a Kansas politician and newspaper editor, who moved there with his family from [[Andrew County, Missouri]] ''circa'' 1860.

In 1901, Centralia was the scene of violent conflicts between whites and African Americans. By this time, Centralia had a [[sundown town]] policy forbidding blacks from living in the area.<ref>{{cite news|title=Negroes Hold a Town|work=Ottawa County Index|location=Minneapolis, Kansas|date= October 3, 1901|page=1|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/29070264/|via=Newspapers.com|quote=The little town of Centralia, Kan., is in the hands of a mob of negroes. The cause of the trouble grew out of the action of a number of citizens of Centralia, making an attack on the home of a negro by the name of Whitmire and firing several shots through the roof of his house and finally destroying his home and compelling the negroes to flee in the night for safety. No negroes are allowed to live in the vicinity of Centralia. The negroes returned in large numbers and rode up and down the streets firing their guns at random, driving all the whites indoors.}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|0.47|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-07-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125061959/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-01-25 }}</ref>

===Climate===
This [[climate|climatic]] region is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters.  According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Centralia has a [[humid continental climate]], abbreviated "Dfa" on climate maps.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=804141&cityname=Centralia,+Kansas,+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Centralia, Kansas Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|website=Weatherbase}}</ref>

{{Weather box   <!-- Infobox begins -->
| single line = Y
| location    = Centralia, Kansas (1991–2020)
<!-- Average high temperatures -->
| Jan high F  =37.8
| Feb high F  =43.1
| Mar high F  =54.6
| Apr high F  =65.6
| May high F  =75.0
| Jun high F  =84.2
| Jul high F  =89.1
| Aug high F  =87.2
| Sep high F  =79.9
| Oct high F  =68.0
| Nov high F  =53.2
| Dec high F  =40.9
<!-- Mean daily temperature -->
| Jan mean F  =27.4
| Feb mean F  =31.9
| Mar mean F  =42.5
| Apr mean F  =53.4
| May mean F  =64.2
| Jun mean F  =73.8
| Jul mean F  =78.2
| Aug mean F  =75.9
| Sep mean F  =68.0
| Oct mean F  =55.9
| Nov mean F  =42.2
| Dec mean F  =31.4
<!-- Average low temperatures -->
| Jan low F  =17.1
| Feb low F  =20.7
| Mar low F  =30.4
| Apr low F  =41.2
| May low F  =53.4
| Jun low F  =63.4
| Jul low F  =67.2
| Aug low F  =64.6
| Sep low F  =56.1
| Oct low F  =43.8
| Nov low F  =31.1
| Dec low F  =21.9
<!-- Total precipitation, this should include rain and snow. -->
| precipitation colour    =  green
| Jan precipitation inch  =0.84
| Feb precipitation inch  =1.14
| Mar precipitation inch  =2.13
| Apr precipitation inch  =3.34
| May precipitation inch  =5.08
| Jun precipitation inch  =4.62
| Jul precipitation inch  =5.50
| Aug precipitation inch  =4.30
| Sep precipitation inch  =3.77
| Oct precipitation inch  =2.44
| Nov precipitation inch  =1.52
| Dec precipitation inch  =1.23
<!-- Snowfall -->
| Jan snow inch  =9.5
| Feb snow inch  =6.8
| Mar snow inch  =5.2
| Apr snow inch  =1.7
| May snow inch  =0.1
| Jun snow inch  =0.0
| Jul snow inch  =0.0
| Aug snow inch  =0.0
| Sep snow inch  =0.0
| Oct snow inch  =0.8
| Nov snow inch  =3.6
| Dec snow inch  =5.7
<!-- Mandatory fields, source -->
| source = NOAA<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/us-climate-normals/#dataset=normals-monthly&timeframe=30&station=USC00141408 |title=NOAA NCEI U.S. Climate Normals Quick Access |publisher=NOAA |access-date=2025-03-13 }}</ref>
}}<!-- Infobox ends -->

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|align=left
|1880= 289
|1890= 534
|1900= 655
|1910= 665
|1920= 619
|1930= 682
|1940= 607
|1950= 574
|1960= 527
|1970= 511
|1980= 486
|1990= 452
|2000= 534
|2010= 512
|2020= 485
|estyear=
|estimate=
|estref=
|align-fn=center
|footnote=[https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html U.S. Decennial Census]
}}
===2020 census===
The [[2020 United States census]] counted 485 people, 193 households, and 122 families in Centralia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P16: HOUSEHOLD TYPE |url=https://data.census.gov/table?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20p16&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref name=:0 /> The population density was 1,068.3 per square mile (412.5/km{{sup|2}}). There were 221 housing units at an average density of 486.8 per square mile (187.9/km{{sup|2}}).<ref name=:0>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table DP1: PROFILE OF GENERAL POPULATION AND HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALDP2020.DP1?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20dp1 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |publisher=United States Census Bureau |title=Gazetteer Files |url=https://www.census.gov/geographies/reference-files/2020/geo/gazetter-file.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=Census.gov}}</ref> The racial makeup was 92.16% (447) [[White (U.S. Census)|white]] or [[European American]] (90.52% [[Non-Hispanic White|non-Hispanic white]]), 0.0% (0) [[African American (U.S. Census)|black]] or [[African American|African-American]], 0.82% (4) [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]] or [[Alaska Native]], 0.0% (0) [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.0% (0) [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]] or [[Native Hawaiian]], 0.82% (4) from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 6.19% (30) from [[Multiracial Americans|two or more races]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P1: RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P1?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20p1&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race was 4.33% (21) of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table P2: HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE |url=https://data.census.gov/table/DECENNIALPL2020.P2?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20p2&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

Of the 193 households, 31.6% had children under the age of 18; 50.8% were married couples living together; 20.2% had a female householder with no spouse or partner present. 33.7% of households consisted of individuals and 15.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.<ref name=:0 /> The average household size was 2.3 and the average family size was 2.6.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1101: HOUSEHOLDS AND FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1101?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20s1101%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> The percent of those with a bachelor's degree or higher was estimated to be 36.1% of the population.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1501: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1501?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20s1501%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

24.9% of the population was under the age of 18, 8.0% from 18 to 24, 24.7% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 20.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 105.5 males.<ref name=:0 /> For every 100 females ages 18 and older, there were 108.0 males.<ref name=:0 />

The 2016-2020 5-year [[American Community Survey]] estimates show that the median household income was $68,750 (with a margin of error of +/- $21,394) and the median family income was $76,786 (+/- $32,008).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1903: MEDIAN INCOME IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1903?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20s1903%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Males had a median income of $24,792 (+/- $17,172) versus $26,818 (+/- $6,844) for females. The median income for those above 16 years old was $26,250 (+/- $7,915).<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S2001: EARNINGS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS (IN 2020 INFLATION-ADJUSTED DOLLARS) |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S2001?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20s2001%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref> Approximately, 4.9% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 12.1% of those under the age of 18 and 4.5% of those ages 65 or over.<ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1701: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1701?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20s1701%20&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=US Census Bureau, Table S1702: POVERTY STATUS IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS OF FAMILIES |url=https://data.census.gov/table/ACSST5Y2020.S1702?q=Centralia%20city,%20Kansas%20s1702&y=2020 |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=data.census.gov}}</ref>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-07-06}}</ref> of 2010, there were 512 people, 201 households, and 123 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1089.4|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 238 housing units at an average density of {{convert|506.4|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 94.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.2% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.8% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.8% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.6% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 2.1% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.5% of the population.

There were 201 households, of which 30.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.8% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 4.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 38.8% were non-families. 35.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 19.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 3.02.

The median age in the city was 40.1 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.4% were from 25 to 44; 22.8% were from 45 to 64; and 21.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 50.6% male and 49.4% female.

===2000 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 534 people, 216 households, and 127 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|1,186.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 235 housing units at an average density of {{convert|521.9|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 96.82% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.19% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.94% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.37% [[Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)|Pacific Islander]], 0.19% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.50% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.81% of the population.

There were 216 households, out of which 27.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 3.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.2% were non-families. 38.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 28.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 3.13.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 25.7% under the age of 18, 5.1% from 18 to 24, 21.7% from 25 to 44, 17.2% from 45 to 64, and 30.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 83.8 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $22,240, and the median income for a family was $32,625. Males had a median income of $22,500 versus $16,591 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $14,813. About 8.0% of families and 14.5% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 19.3% of those under age 18 and 16.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The community and nearby rural areas are served by [[Vermillion USD 380]] public school district.

==Notable people==
* [[Floyd Perry Baker|Floyd Baker]], Kansas politician, lawyer, newspaper editor
* [[John Riggins]], NFL running back

==See also==
* [[Central Branch Union Pacific Railroad]]
* [[List of sundown towns in the United States]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Centralia, Kansas}}
* {{Official website|https://cityofcentraliaks.org/}}
* [https://www.lkm.org/members/?id=41260599 Centralia - Directory of Public Officials]
* [https://www.ksdot.org/Assets/wwwksdotorg/bureaus/burTransPlan/maps/city-pdf/centralia.pdf Centralia city map], KDOT

{{Nemaha County, Kansas}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Kansas]]
[[Category:Cities in Nemaha County, Kansas]]
[[Category:Sundown towns in Kansas]]
[[Category:1859 establishments in Kansas Territory]]