Editing Celebrimbor

{{Short description|Fictional character in J. R. R. Tolkien's Legendarium}}
{{good article}}
{{Use British English|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox character
| name        = Celebrimbor
| series      = [[J. R. R. Tolkien]] 
| aliases     = 'Hand of Silver',<br/>Lord of Eregion
| race        = [[Elf (Middle-earth)|Elf]]
| lbl24       = Book(s)
| data24      = ''[[The Silmarillion]]'' (1977)
}}

'''Celebrimbor''' ({{IPA|sjn|ˌkɛlɛˈbrimbɔr}}) is a fictional character in [[J. R. R. Tolkien]]'s [[legendarium]]. In Tolkien's stories, Celebrimbor was an [[Elf (Middle-earth)|elven]]-smith who was manipulated into forging the [[Rings of Power]] by the Dark Lord [[Sauron]], in fair disguise and named ''Annatar'' ("Lord of Gifts"). Sauron then secretly made the [[One Ring]] to gain control over [[Rings of Power|all the other Rings]] and dominate [[Middle-earth]], setting in motion the events of ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]''.

Tolkien, as a professional [[Philology|philologist]], had been asked to translate an inscription at the late Roman temple of [[Nodens]] at [[Lydney Park]] in [[Gloucestershire]].<ref name="Anger 2013"/> The inscription recorded a curse upon a ring; the place was named "Dwarf's Hill"; and he traced Nodens to an Irish hero, ''[[Nuada Airgetlám]]'', "Nuada of the Silver-Hand".{{sfn|Shippey|2005|pp=40–43}}<ref name="Armstrong 1997"/> This combination inspired him to create Celebrimbor (whose name means "Silver-Hand" in Tolkien's [[fictional language|invented language]] of [[Sindarin]]<ref name="Tolkien 2007" group=T>{{harvnb|Tolkien|2007|p=42}}</ref>), dangerous Rings, and [[Dwarves in Middle-earth|Dwarves]] skilled in craftsmanship and friendly to Celebrimbor as elements in his fantasy.<ref name="Anger 2013"/><ref name="Armstrong 1997"/>

Celebrimbor appears in the 2014 video game ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'' and its [[Middle-earth: Shadow of War|2017 sequel]], where he is voiced by [[Alastair Duncan (actor, born 1958)|Alastair Duncan]]. In the 2022 television show ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power]]'', he is played by [[Charles Edwards (actor)|Charles Edwards]].

== Middle-earth narrative ==

{| class="wikitable floatright"
|+ Timeline
|-
! Epoch !! History of Celebrimbor and [[Rings of Power|the Rings]]
|-
| [[First Age]] || 
* Celebrimbor, grandson of [[Fëanor]] and son of Curufin, is born (''[[The Silmarillion]]'')
|-
| [[Second Age]] || 
* Celebrimbor becomes lord of [[Eregion]]
* Under the instruction of "[[Annatar]]" (Sauron), Celebrimbor and the Elves begin crafting Rings of Power
* The Elves craft the Three Rings without Sauron's involvement
* Sauron makes the [[One Ring]] to rule the world; Celebrimbor perceives that Sauron has betrayed the Elves
* Sauron destroys Eregion; Celebrimbor dies
* Elves and Men make war on Sauron
* Sauron is defeated; [[Isildur]] cuts the One Ring from Sauron's hand
|-
| [[Third Age]] ||
* Isildur loses the One Ring, is killed
* [[Bilbo Baggins]] finds the One Ring
* Sauron re-enters Mordor
* The One Ring is destroyed at Mount Doom; Sauron is utterly vanquished
|}

Celebrimbor was the son of Curufin, one of the sons of [[Fëanor]] and Nerdanel; he was Fëanor's only known grandchild. Fëanor was the most skilful craftsman of the [[First Age]], forging the three [[Silmaril]]s to [[Christianity in Middle-earth#Light|capture some of the light]] of the [[Two Trees of Valinor]]. Celebrimbor followed his father and grandfather to Middle-earth, leaving his mother behind in Aman with [[Finarfin]]'s people. He repudiated his father when Celegorm and Curufin were driven out of [[Nargothrond]].<ref name="Of Dwarves and Men" group=T/> During the [[Second Age]], Celebrimbor lived in the [[Elf (Middle-earth)|Elvish]] realm of [[Eregion]] and founded a brotherhood of jewel-smiths.<ref name="Journey in the Dark" group=T/>

=== Dwarf-friend ===

From the early days of Eregion, Celebrimbor fostered the relationship with [[Khazad-dûm]] (Moria), the neighbouring [[Dwarf (Middle-earth)|Dwarf]]-kingdom. He became friends with Narvi,<ref name="Galadriel and Celeborn" group=T/> a great Dwarf-craftsman, and together they made the West-gate of Khazad-dûm. Celebrimbor's special contribution was the inscriptions on the gateway.<ref name="Journey in the Dark" group=T>{{harvnb|Tolkien|1954a|loc=book 2, ch. 4 "A Journey in the Dark"}}</ref>

=== Ring-maker ===

{{Rings of Power|upright=2|caption=[[Sauron]], in disguise, deceived Celebrimbor and the smiths of Eregion into making [[Rings of Power]], and then secretly made the [[One Ring]] to gain control over all the others, and so dominate [[Middle-earth]].<ref group="T" name="Of the Rings of Power" /> Diagram has clickable links.}}

Later, someone naming himself ''Annatar'' arrived in [[Eregion]]. He appeared to be an Elf, and claimed he has been sent by the [[Valar]] to share his wisdom and skills in ring-craft and jewelry for the benefit of all Middle-earth; but in fact he was the Dark Lord [[Sauron]] in disguise. Annatar provided valuable and seemingly benevolent guidance and instruction to Celebrimbor and the smiths of Eregion, and they began making the [[Rings of Power]] for the rulers of Middle-earth—seven for the [[Dwarf (Middle-earth)|Dwarf-lords]] and [[The Nine (Middle-Earth)|nine for Men]]. Secretly, without Sauron's knowledge, Celebrimbor also forged [[three Rings]] for the Elves, the greatest and fairest of the Rings of Power. The three Rings were thus free of Sauron's corrupting influence.<ref name="Of the Rings of Power" group=T>{{harvnb|Tolkien|1977|loc="Of the Rings of Power and the Third Age"}}</ref>

At the same time, Sauron secretly forged a ring: the [[One Ring]] which would enable him to rule Middle-earth. Later Sauron reassumed his role as the Dark Lord and placed the One Ring on his finger, claiming dominion over all the Rings of Power and their bearers. Before this, Celebrimbor believed Sauron to be what he had claimed to be, but realising the truth he and the Elves of Eregion defied Sauron by withholding the other rings from him. He had already sent the three Rings away for safekeeping.<ref name="Of the Rings of Power" group=T/>

With his scheme exposed to the Elves, Sauron retaliated by attacking Eregion, initiating the War of the Elves and Sauron, and laying waste to the realm. Celebrimbor was captured in the sack of Eregion, and was forced under torture to disclose where the Nine and the Seven were held, but he would not reveal the whereabouts of the three Elvish Rings. Sauron captured the lesser rings and used them as instruments of evil in later years, particularly against Men. Celebrimbor died from his torment; his body, shot with arrows, was then hung upon a pole and used by Sauron's forces like a banner on the battlefield.<ref name="Galadriel and Celeborn" group=T/>

=== Alternative backgrounds ===

Like [[Galadriel]] and Gil-galad, Celebrimbor first appeared as a character in ''The Lord of the Rings'' and then had to be inserted into ''[[The Silmarillion]]'', leading to multiple changes to his descent. In a c. 1968 version of the story, included in the essay ''Eldarin Hands, Fingers and Numerals'',<ref group=T>{{harvnb|Tolkien|2005}}</ref> Celebrimbor was one of the [[Teleri]] of Aman, one of the three companions of Galadriel and [[Celeborn]] (here made into a Telerin prince ''Teleporno'' or ''Telporno''). [[Christopher Tolkien]] noted that his father had mentioned Celebrimbor's descent from Fëanor in the appendices to ''[[The Lord of the Rings]]'', and had underlined it in one of his personal copies, writing in the margin a note stating that Celebrimbor was Curufin's son, and that if he had remembered this he would have felt bound to retain that version. A different version, in the late essay ''Of Dwarves and Men'', has Celebrimbor as one of the [[Sindar]] who claimed descent from Daeron,<ref name="Of Dwarves and Men" group=T>{{harvnb|Tolkien|1996|loc=ch. 4 "Of Dwarves and Men"}}</ref> and at one point, Celebrimbor was also one of the [[Noldor]] of [[Gondolin]].<ref name="Galadriel and Celeborn" group=T>{{harvnb|Tolkien|1980|loc=part 2, ch. 4 "The History of Galadriel and Celeborn"}}</ref>

== House of Finwë ==

Celebrimbor was of the royal line of [[Finwë]], high king of the [[Noldor]], the elves especially skilled in craftwork who migrated to [[Valinor]] and lived in the blessed realm.<ref name="Of Dwarves and Men" group=T/>{{sfn|Shippey|2005|pp=282–284}}

{{Fëanor family tree}}

== Real-world origins ==

{{further|Nodens|Ring of Silvianus}}

In 1928, a 4th-century pagan cult temple was [[Archaeology|excavated]] at [[Lydney Park]], Gloucestershire.{{sfn|Shippey|2005|pp=40–41}} Tolkien was asked to investigate a [[Latin]] inscription there: "For the god [[Nodens]]. [[Ring of Silvianus|Silvianus has lost a ring]] and has donated one-half [its worth] to Nodens. Among those who are called Senicianus do not allow health until he brings it to the temple of Nodens."<ref>{{cite web |last=Vanderbilt |first=Scott |title=RIB 306. Curse upon Senicianus |website=Roman Inscriptions of Britain website |url=https://romaninscriptionsofbritain.org/inscriptions/306  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://romaninscriptionsofbritain.org/inscriptions/306  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|access-date=17 February 2020}}{{cbignore}} funded by the [[European Research Council]] via the [https://latinnow.eu/ LatinNow project]</ref> An old name for the place was Dwarf's Hill, and in 1932 Tolkien, a professional [[philologist]], traced Nodens to the Irish hero ''[[Nuada Airgetlám]]'', "Nuada of the Silver-Hand".<ref group=T>{{harvnb|Tolkien|1932}}</ref>{{sfn|Shippey|2005|pp=40–43}}

The Tolkien scholar [[Tom Shippey]] thought this "a pivotal influence" on Tolkien's Middle-earth, combining as it did a god-hero, a ring, dwarves, and a silver hand.<ref name="Anger 2013"/> ''[[The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia]]'' states that Mathew Lyons noted the "Hobbit-like appearance of [Dwarf's Hill]'s mine-shaft holes", and that Tolkien was, according to the Lydney curator Sylvia Jones, extremely interested in the hill's folklore on his stay there.<ref name="Anger 2013"/><ref name="Lyons 2004">{{cite book |last=Lyons |first=Mathew |title=There and Back Again: In the Footsteps of J. R. R. Tolkien |date=2004 |publisher=[[Cadogan Guides]] |location=London |isbn=978-1860111396 |page=63}}</ref> It adds that Helen Armstrong commented that the place inspired "Celebrimbor and the fallen realms of [[Moria (Middle-earth)|Moria]] and [[Eregion]]".<ref name="Anger 2013">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Anger |first=Don N. |editor-last=Drout |editor-first=Michael D. C. |editor-link=Michael D. C. Drout |title=Report on the Excavation of the Prehistoric, Roman and Post-Roman Site in Lydney Park, Gloucestershire |encyclopedia=[[The J. R. R. Tolkien Encyclopedia]] |year=2013 |orig-year=2007 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-0-415-86511-1 |pages=563–564}}</ref><ref name="Armstrong 1997">{{cite journal |last=Armstrong |first=Helen |title=And Have an Eye to That Dwarf |journal=Amon Hen: The Bulletin of the Tolkien Society |date=May 1997 |issue=145 |pages=13–14}}</ref> The scholar of English literature John M. Bowers notes that Celebrimbor is the Sindarin for "Silver Hand", and that "because the place was known locally as Dwarf's Hill and honeycombed with abandoned mines, it naturally suggested itself as background for the [[Lonely Mountain]] and the Mines of Moria."<ref name="Bowers 2019">{{cite book |last=Bowers |first=John M. |title=Tolkien's Lost Chaucer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eGOtDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA132 |date=2019 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-884267-5 |pages=131–132}}</ref>

{| style="margin: 1em auto;"
| [[File:Roman Temple - geograph.org.uk - 1318760.jpg|thumb|375px|Tolkien visited the temple of [[Nodens]] at a place called "Dwarf's Hill" and translated an inscription with a [[curse]] upon a ring. It may have inspired his [[Dwarf (Middle-earth)|dwarves]], [[Moria (Middle-earth)|Mines of Moria]], [[Rings of Power|rings]], and Celebrimbor "Silver-Hand".<ref name="Anger 2013"/>]]
| {{#tag:imagemap|
File:Nodens Temple influence on Tolkien.svg{{!}}thumb{{!}}upright={{{upright|1.7}}}{{!}}center{{!}}{{{caption|Imagemap with clickable links. Apparent influence of archaeological and philological work at Nodens' Temple on [[J. R. R. Tolkien|Tolkien]]'s [[Middle-earth]] legendarium<ref name="Anger 2013"/> }}}

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rect 200 450  400  650 [[Nodens]]

rect 410 450  800  650 [[Lydney Park]]

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}}
|}

== Adaptations ==

=== Video games ===

[[File:TalionCelebrimbor.jpg|thumb|left|Celebrimbor reappears in the video game ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'' and its sequel as a wraith who gives superhuman powers to the non-canonical [[Ranger (Middle-earth)|ranger]] Talion when the two of them combine, as shown in the half-Man, half-wraith illustration.<ref name="Takahashi 2017">{{cite web |last=Takahashi |first=Dean |title=Middle-earth: Shadow of War: Creative director explains controversial endings (spoilers) |url=https://venturebeat.com/2017/10/14/middle-earth-shadow-of-war-creative-director-explains-controversial-endings-spoilers/ |publisher=[[VentureBeat]] |access-date=17 February 2021 |date=14 October 2017}}</ref>]]

Celebrimbor appears in the 2014 video game ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor]]'' where he is voiced by [[Alastair Duncan (actor, born 1958)|Alastair Duncan]].<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Troy Baker And Alastair Duncan Discuss Voicing Shadow Of Mordor's Lead Roles |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/games/middle-earth_shadow_of_mordor/b/xbox360/archive/2014/08/08/troy-baker-and-alastair-duncan-discuss-voicing-shadow-of-mordor-s-lead-roles.aspx  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.gameinformer.com/games/middle-earth_shadow_of_mordor/b/xbox360/archive/2014/08/08/troy-baker-and-alastair-duncan-discuss-voicing-shadow-of-mordor-s-lead-roles.aspx  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|last=Futter |first=Mike |magazine=[[Game Informer]] |date=8 August 2014 |access-date=6 January 2020}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Celebrimbor Voice |url=https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/characters/Lord-of-the-Rings/Celebrimbor/  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.behindthevoiceactors.com/characters/Lord-of-the-Rings/Celebrimbor/  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|access-date=6 January 2020 | website=Behinthevoiceactors.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In order not simply to copy Peter Jackson's films, the game's makers [[Monolith Productions]] decided to combine a minor but significant Middle-earth character from ''The Silmarillion'', Celebrimbor, with an original character of their own invention, Talion.<ref name="LeJacq 2014"/><ref name="Corriea 2014">{{cite web |last=Corriea |first=Alexa Ray |title=Why Shadow of Mordor's undead Elven hero and sexy Sauron are such a big deal |url=https://www.polygon.com/2014/7/28/5945029/middle-earth-shadow-of-mordor-celebrimbor-sexy-sauron  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.polygon.com/2014/7/28/5945029/middle-earth-shadow-of-mordor-celebrimbor-sexy-sauron  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|publisher=[[Polygon (website)|Polygon]] |access-date=17 February 2021 |date=28 July 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The game takes place sometime between the action of ''[[The Hobbit]]'' and ''The Lord of the Rings'' at which time Celebrimbor survives as an amnesiac wraith. After being bonded with Talion (a [[Ranger (Middle-earth)|ranger]] of [[Gondor]]) the two become an immortal fighting team unable to leave [[Mordor]]. Over the game, Celebrimbor lends his abilities as a wraith to Talion, and the two recover Celebrimbor's lost memories of Sauron and the forging of the Rings of Power: Sauron comes to Celebrimbor to give him a powerful hammer to forge the rings. Then Celebrimbor is betrayed by Sauron, forced to inscribe the incantation in the One Ring, and tortured and beaten to death by Sauron after an attempted coup. After the defeat of Sauron's captains, Celebrimbor describes defeating Sauron himself as futile and wishes to depart for [[Valinor]], but is convinced to stay by Talion; he then mentions his desire to forge a new Ring of Power immune to Sauron's influence. This leads to the events of the 2017 sequel ''[[Middle-earth: Shadow of War]]'', which reviewers described as "fun, inventive, exciting—and totally non-canonical".<ref name="Takahashi 2017"/><ref name="Plante">{{cite web |last1=Plante |first1=Corey |title='Shadow of War' Game Has Crazy 'Lord of the Rings' Canon Problems |url=https://www.inverse.com/article/37331-middle-earth-shadow-of-war-lord-of-the-rings-canon  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.inverse.com/article/37331-middle-earth-shadow-of-war-lord-of-the-rings-canon  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|publisher=[[Inverse (website)|Inverse]] |access-date=17 February 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="Gerardi 2017">{{cite web |last1=Gerardi |first1=Matt |title=The best way to beat Shadow Of War's final act is not to play it |url=https://www.avclub.com/the-best-way-to-beat-shadow-of-war-s-final-act-is-not-t-1819679149  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.avclub.com/the-best-way-to-beat-shadow-of-war-s-final-act-is-not-t-1819679149  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|publisher=AV Club |access-date=17 February 2021 |date=19 October 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In ''Shadow of War'', Celebrimbor and Talion successfully forge a new Ring of Power that appears to be free of Sauron's influence and is stated to be equal in power to the nine Rings of the [[Nazgûl]] without their corrupting influence. They use their new Ring to take the fight to Sauron with an army of Uruks, with Talion noticing Celebrimbor becoming more aggressive and worn out. Eventually revealed to fully intend to overthrow Sauron rather than destroy him, Celebrimbor ends his bond with Talion and possesses Eltariel (an Elven assassin who is a major character in the game) to use her to defeat Sauron. Talion survives by becoming a Nazgûl, and Celebrimbor is defeated when forced out of Eltariel and is quickly absorbed by Sauron trapping both of them in the form of a large flaming eye on top of [[Barad-dûr]]. Celebrimbor remains trapped as part of the Dark Lord until the One Ring is destroyed, freeing the spirit as Sauron dies.<ref name="LeJacq 2014">{{cite web |last=LeJacq |first=Yannick |title=Shadow Of Mordor's Lore, Explained In Two Minutes |url=https://kotaku.com/shadow-of-mordors-lore-explained-in-two-minutes-1657330315  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://kotaku.com/shadow-of-mordors-lore-explained-in-two-minutes-1657330315  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|publisher=[[Kotaku]] |access-date=17 February 2021 |date=11 November 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="Kollar 2015">{{cite web |last1=Kollar |first1=Philip |title=Play as the real Lord of the Rings (or at least their creator) in Shadow of Mordor's next DLC |url=https://www.polygon.com/2015/2/19/8067169/shadow-of-mordor-bright-lord-dlc-lord-of-the-rings-celebrimbor  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.polygon.com/2015/2/19/8067169/shadow-of-mordor-bright-lord-dlc-lord-of-the-rings-celebrimbor  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|publisher=Polygon |access-date=17 February 2021 |date=19 February 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="Futter 2014">{{cite web |last=Futter |first=Mike |title=Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/games/middle-earth_shadow_of_mordor/b/pc/archive/2014/07/25/learn-more-about-the-storied-history-of-shadow-of-mordor-s-wraith-celebrimbor.aspx  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.gameinformer.com/games/middle-earth_shadow_of_mordor/b/pc/archive/2014/07/25/learn-more-about-the-storied-history-of-shadow-of-mordor-s-wraith-celebrimbor.aspx  |archive-date=2022-01-30 |url-status=live|publisher=[[Game Informer]] |access-date=17 February 2021 |date=30 September 2014}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="LeJacq 2015">{{cite web |last1=LeJacq |first1=Yannick |title=Shadow Of Mordor: The Bright Lord: The Kotaku Review |url=https://kotaku.com/shadow-of-mordor-the-bright-lord-the-kotaku-review-1687678128  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://kotaku.com/shadow-of-mordor-the-bright-lord-the-kotaku-review-1687678128  |archive-date=30 January 2022 |url-status=live|publisher=[[Kotaku]] |access-date=17 February 2021 |date=24 February 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref>{{Clear}}

[[File:Charles Edwards at World Premiere London, The Rings of Power 2022.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Charles Edwards (actor)|Charles Edwards]] played Celebrimbor in ''The Rings of Power''.]]

=== Other ===

''Celebrimbor's Secret'' is the title of an expansion, part of "The Ring-maker Cycle" series, for ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game]]'', a [[Collectible card game#Overview|non-collectible customizable card game]] produced by [[Fantasy Flight Games]] from 2011.<ref>{{cite web|title=Celebrimbor's Secret |url=https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/celebrimbors-secret/  |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220130/https://www.fantasyflightgames.com/en/products/the-lord-of-the-rings-the-card-game/products/celebrimbors-secret/  |archive-date=30 January 2022 |url-status=live|website=Fantasy Flight Games |access-date=18 February 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

Celebrimbor is played by the English actor [[Charles Edwards (actor)|Charles Edwards]] in the television series ''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power]]'', from 2022.<ref>{{cite web |last=Travis |first=Ben |title=Meet the Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power's Pivotal Elf Celebrimbor – Exclusive Image |date=7 June 2022 |url=https://www.empireonline.com/tv/news/meet-lord-of-the-rings-power-pivotal-elf-celebrimbor-exclusive/ |website=Empire Online |access-date=4 September 2022}}</ref>

== Notes ==

{{notelist}}

== References ==

=== Primary ===

{{reflist|group=T|30em}}

=== Secondary ===

{{reflist}}

=== Sources ===
{{sfn whitelist|CITEREFTolkien2005}} <!-- for ME-ref|VT -->
* {{ME-ref|ROAD}}
* {{cite journal |last=Tolkien |first=J. R. R. |author-link=J. R. R. Tolkien |title='The Name Nodens', Appendix to 'Report on the excavation of the prehistoric, Roman and post-Roman site in [[Lydney Park]], Gloucestershire' |journal=Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London |year=1932}} also in ''[[Tolkien Studies]]'', Vol. 4, 2007
* {{ME-ref|FOTR}}
* {{ME-ref|Silm}}
* {{ME-ref|UT}}
* {{ME-ref|POME}}
* {{ME-ref|VT |last=Tolkien |first=J. R. R. |author-link=Tolkien, J. R. R. |year=2005 |volume=47 |title=''Eldarin Hands, Fingers & Numerals'' and Related Writings, Part one}}
* {{cite journal |last=Tolkien |first=J. R. R. |author-link=Tolkien, J. R. R. |title=Words, Phrases and Passages in Various Tongues in The Lord of the Rings |editor-last=Gilson |editor-first=Christopher |journal=[[Parma Eldalamberon]] |issue=17 |year=2007}}

{{Middle-earth}}
{{Elves}}

[[Category:The Silmarillion characters]]
[[Category:Literary characters introduced in 1977]]
[[Category:Fictional smiths]]
[[Category:High Elves (Middle-earth)]]
[[Category:Middle-earth rulers]]
[[Category:Noldor]]
[[Category:Ring-bearers]]

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