Editing Carriacou and Petite Martinique

{{Short description|Dependency of Grenada}}
{{More citations needed|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox country
| conventional_long_name = Carriacou and Petite Martinique
| native_name            = ''Carriacou et Petite Martinique''
| image_flag             = 
| common_name            = Carriacou and Petite Martinique
| image_map              = Carriacou and Petite Martinique in Grenada.svg
| map_caption            = Location of Carriacou and Petite Martinique
| official_languages     = {{unbulleted list |[[English language|English]] |[[Patois]]}}
| demonym                = {{unbulleted list |Carriacouan |Petit Martiniquian}}
| capital                = [[Hillsborough, Grenada|Hillsborough]]
| coordinates            = {{Coord|12|28.9|N|61|27.5|W|type:city}}
| largest_city           = capital
| leader_title1          = [[Monarch of Grenada|Monarch]]
| leader_name1           = {{nowrap|King [[Charles III]]}}
| leader_title2          = [[Governor-General of Grenada|Governor General]]
| leader_name2           = [[Cécile La Grenade]]
| leader_title3          = [[Prime Minister of Grenada|Prime Minister]]
| leader_name3           = [[Dickon Mitchell]]
| leader_title4          = [[Member of Parliament of Carriacou and Petite Martinique|Member of Parliament]]
| leader_name4           = Tevin Andrews
| leader_title5          = Minister for Carriacou and Petite Martinique Affairs
| leader_name5           = Tevin Andrews
| established_event1     = Part of [[Grenada#British colony (1763–1974)|British Grenada]]
| established_date1      = 1763
| established_event2     = Constituency
| established_date2      = 1944
| established_event3     = Part of Grenada
| established_date3      = February 7, 1974
| area_km2               = 37.7
| area_sq_mi             = 13.2
| population_estimate    = 6,081<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.gov.gd/about_grenada.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090910073752/http://www.gov.gd/about_grenada.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2009-09-10|title=GOV.gd: Grenada Government Official Web Portal - About Grenada, Carriacou & Petite Martinique|date=September 10, 2009}}</ref>
| currency               = [[East Caribbean dollar]]
| currency_code          = XCD
| country_code           = 
| time_zone              = 
| utc_offset             = −4
| time_zone_DST          = 
| utc_offset_DST         = −4
| cctld                  = [[.gd]]
| footnote_a             = The main patois (or Creole) language is [[French-based creole languages|French-based]].
}}
[[File:Grenada Grenadines.svg|thumb|Map of Carriacou and Petite Martinique]]
'''Carriacou and Petite Martinique''', also known as the '''Southern Grenadines''', is a dependency (part) of [[Grenada]], lying north of Grenada island and south of [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] in the [[Lesser Antilles]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.statoids.com/ugd.html|title=Parishes of Grenada|website=Statoids.com|access-date=March 3, 2020}}</ref>

'''[[Carriacou]]''' Island is the largest island of the [[Grenadines]], an [[archipelago]] in the [[Windward Islands]] chain. The island is {{convert|13|sqmi|km2}} with a population of 9,595 (2019 census). The main settlements on the island are [[Hillsborough, Grenada|Hillsborough]], L'Esterre, Harvey Vale, and Windward.

The neighbouring island of '''[[Petite Martinique]]''' is {{convert|2.5|mi|nmi}} away from Carriacou, and also a part of Grenada. With its {{convert|586|acre|km2}} and population of 900, it is smaller than Carriacou. Carriacou and Petite Martinique are known for its [[Regatta]] and Village Maroon.

==Colonial history==
On 27 September 1650, Jacques du Parquet bought [[Grenada]] from the [[Compagnie des Iles de l'Amerique]], which was dissolved, for the equivalent of £1160. In 1657, Jacques du Parquet sold Grenada to Jean de Faudoas, Comte de Sérillac, for the equivalent of £1890.<ref>[[#Steele|Steele]], page 52</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Prinet |first1=Max |title=Reviewed work: La maison de Faudoas (Gascogne, Maine et Normandie), par l'abbé Ambroise Ledru, chanoine honoraire du Mans, et Eugène Vallée. Paris, A. Lemerre, 1907-1908. 3 vol. in-8°, xii-440, I-339 et 458 pages, pl. |journal=Bibliothèque de l'École des chartes |date=1909 |volume=70 |pages=562–564 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42971075 |access-date=3 April 2021 |trans-title=The House of Faudoas (Gascony, Maine and Normandy), by Father Ambroise Ledru, Honorary Canon of Le Mans, and Eugène Vallée… |publisher=Librairie Droz, Société de l'Ecole des chartes |location=Paris |jstor=42971075 |language=French |issn=0373-6237 |oclc=754171109}}</ref> In 1664, King [[Louis XIV]] bought out the independent island owners and established the [[French West India Company]].<ref name=steele54>[[#Steele|Steele]], page 54</ref> In 1674, the French West India Company was dissolved. Proprietary rule ended in Grenada, which became a French crown colony as a dependency of [[Martinique]].<ref name=steele54/>

Carriacou and Petite Martinique was part of the French colony in 1762. It was part of the British Grenada colony from 1763 to 1779 and 1783–1974. It was part of the French Grenada colony from 1779 to 1783.<ref>{{cite book|last=Martin|first=Robert Montgomery|title=The British Colonial Library Comprising a Popular and Authentic Description of all the Colonies of the British Empire, Their History—Physical Geography—Geology—Climate—Anima, Vegetable, and Mineral Kingdoms—Government—Finance—Military Defence—Commerce—Shipping—Monetary System—Religion—Population, white and coloured—Education and the Press—Emigration, Social State, &c.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NO_fAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA249|volume=IV|year=1844|publisher=H. G. Bohn|location=London, England|pages=249–251}}</ref> During this turbulent period, most of the land on Carriacou and all of the property on Petite Martinique was owned by a free black woman, [[Judith Philip]], and her family members.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Candlin|first1=Kit|last2=Pybus|first2=Cassandra|title=Enterprising Women: Gender, Race, and Power in the Revolutionary Atlantic|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E--wBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA57|year=2015|publisher=[[University of Georgia Press]]|location=Athens, Georgia|isbn=978-0-8203-4455-3|page=57}}</ref> It has been a dependency of Grenada since 1974.

==Geography==
Carriacou is the largest of the [[Grenadines]] and is characterized by hilly terrain sloping to white sand beaches. The island stretches from Pegus Point in the south to Gun Point in the north and it is about {{convert|7|mi}} long.

The island has several natural harbors and many coral reefs and small offshore islets.<ref>{{cite web |title=Carriacou |publisher=Professional Travel Guide |url=http://www.professionaltravelguide.com/carriacou-island/Destinations-140751#catbk100014 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080428031446/http://www.professionaltravelguide.com/carriacou-island/Destinations-140751/#catbk100014 |archive-date=2008-04-28 }}</ref>

The highest point on the island is High Point North at {{convert|955|ft}}<ref>{{cite web|title=National Park |publisher=Paradise Inn |url=http://www.paradise-inn-carriacou.com/grenada_national_parks.php |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080906124406/http://www.paradise-inn-carriacou.com/grenada_national_parks.php |archive-date=2008-09-06 }}</ref> above sea level. Carriacou has no rivers. Residents rely on rainfall for their water.

===Islands===
{| class="wikitable sortable" 
! Name
! Area
! Population
|-
| [[Carriacou]]
| {{convert|34|km2|abbr=on}}
| 9,595
|-
| [[Petite Martinique]]
| {{convert|2.37|km2|abbr=on}}
| 900
|-
| [[Large Island]]
| {{convert|0.50|km2|abbr=on}}
| none
|- 
| [[Frigate Island, Grenada|Frigate Island]]
| {{convert|0.40|km2|abbr=on}}
| none
|-
| [[Saline Island]]
| {{convert|0.30|km2|abbr=on}}
| none
|}

===Climate===
There are two seasons, wet and dry. The dry season is between January and June when the [[trade winds]] dominate the climate; the rainy season is from July to December. The climate is tropical. Temperatures range from {{convert|27-32|C|F}} on land, with {{convert|26-30|C|F}} water temps.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}}

==Politics==
Carriacou and Petite Martinique is a Grenadian Constituency. [[Tevin Andrews]], [[National Democratic Congress (Grenada)|NDC]], is the representative for Carriacou and Petite Martinique Constituency and also the Minister of Carriacou and Petite Martinique Affairs. The Grenadian constitution of 1974 guarantees a right to autonomy and local government for Carriacou and Petite Martinique, but this has never been implemented. In 2022, the government of [[Dickon Mitchell]] introduced a bill to parliament to establish a local Council for Carriacou and Petite Martinique. <ref>{{cite news |title=Carriacou and Petite Martinique Local Government Bill, 2022 |url=https://www.thenewtodaygrenada.com/local-news/carriacou-and-petite-martinique-local-government-bill-2022/ |access-date=26 December 2022 |agency=The New Today Grenada |date=29 October 2022}}</ref>

==Festivals==
There are four major cultural festivals held on Carriacou and one on Petite Martinique. Carriacou [[Carnival]], called "Kayak Mas",<ref>{{Cite web |last=Osman |first=Radeya |date=2023-01-18 |title=Carriacou Carnival 2023: What to expect |url=https://socanews.com/news/carriacou-carnival-2023-what-to-expect/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327030529/https://socanews.com/news/carriacou-carnival-2023-what-to-expect/ |archive-date=2023-03-27 |access-date= |website=Soca News |language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |date=2022-07-08 |title=Caribbean carnivals: eight iconic events and when to go |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/travel/2022/07/caribbean-carnivals-eight-iconic-events-and-when-to-go |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=National Geographic UK |language=en-gb}}</ref> is held during the days leading up to [[Lent]] in late February or early March.<ref name=":0" /> The Carriacou Regatta, held on the first weekend in August, is a racing event for locally built boats.<ref>{{Cite news |date=17 July 2018 |title=Republic Bank continues to support Carriacou Regatta Festival |work=NOW Grenada |url=https://nowgrenada.com/2018/07/republic-bank-continues-to-support-carriacou-regatta-festival/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220525105913/https://nowgrenada.com/2018/07/republic-bank-continues-to-support-carriacou-regatta-festival/ |archive-date=25 May 2022}}</ref> The Regatta began in 1965, making it the longest running regatta in the Caribbean.<ref>{{Cite web |title=55th anniversary of the Carriacou Regatta |url=https://grenadaembassyusa.org/events/55th-anniversary-of-the-carriacou-regatta/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327014129/https://grenadaembassyusa.org/events/55th-anniversary-of-the-carriacou-regatta/ |archive-date=27 March 2023 |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=Embassy of Grenada |publisher= |place=Washington, District of Columbia |language=en-US}}</ref> The Parang, on the weekend prior to Christmas, celebrates the island's traditional Christmas music and culture.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Miller |first=Rebecca S. |date=2003 |title="Me Ain' Lie on Nobody!" Locality, Regionalism, and Identity at the Parang String Band Competition in Carriacou, Grenada |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/41700088 |journal=The World of Music |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=55–77 |issn=0043-8774}}</ref> Village Maroons take place year round, and involve villagers partaking in cooking traditional foods and the "[[Big Drum]] Dance".<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Culture |url=https://www.puregrenada.com/about/carriacou/culture/ |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=Pure Grenada |publisher=Grenada Tourism Authority |language=en-US}}</ref> The Carriacou Maroon & String Band Music Festival is held in the last weekend of April of the year.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite news |date=21 April 2022 |title=Cancellation Notice: Carriacou Maroon and String Band Music Festival |work=NOW Grenada |url=https://nowgrenada.com/2022/04/cancellation-notice-carriacou-maroon-and-string-band-music-festival/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221210205634/https://nowgrenada.com/2022/04/cancellation-notice-carriacou-maroon-and-string-band-music-festival/ |archive-date=10 December 2022}}</ref> Petite Martinique's Whitsuntide Regatta Festival takes place annually on [[Whitsun|Whitsuntide]] weekend, and consists of boat races, performances, and other activities.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Petite Martinique Whitsuntide Regatta |url=https://grenadaembassyusa.org/events/petite-martinique-whitsuntide-regatta/ |access-date=2023-03-27 |website=Embassy of Granada |place=Washington, District of Columbia |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Transport==
Carriacou and Petite Martinique's main transport system includes roads and ferries. The people of Carriacou travel mainly by privately run 15 seater buses. Rental cars and taxis are also available and boats are commonplace. [[Lauriston Airport]], located in Lauriston, Carriacou, is the island's major airport, and a small ferry boat known as the ''Osprey'' runs between Carriacou, Grenada, and Petite Martinique. The short distances between the Grenadines also enable travel between them by small boats.

==Radio stations==
*KYAK106.com Carriacou's Home Grown Radio Station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.kyak106.com/|title=Home kyak106|website=www.kyak106.com}}</ref>
*The Harbour Light of the Windwards is a local Christian radio station.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.harbourlightradio.org/|title=Harbour Light of the Windwards|website=www.harbourlightradio.org}}</ref>
*Sister Isles – 92.9 FM

==See also==
*''[[Rough Science]]'', a BBC documentary television series made in Carriacou
*[[List of Caribbean islands]]

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
*{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20190416022845/http://www.carriacouregatta.com/ Carriacou Regatta Festival]}}
*[http://www.kyak106.com/cam_1.jpg Live view of Petit Martinique from Belair]
*[http://www.manioc.org/fichiers/V12061 Carriacou 2011: a preliminary presentation of some interesting finds]

{{Coord|12|29.0|N|61|27.7|W|type:isle|display=title}}

{{Navboxes
|title = [[File:Gnome-globe.svg|25px]]{{nbsp}}Geographic locale
|list  =
'''[[Geographic coordinate system|Lat. <small>and</small> Long.]] {{Coord|12|28.9|N|61|27.5|W|display=inline}} <span style="color:darkblue;">(Hillsborough)</span>'''
{{Geographic location
 | Northwest = ''[[Caribbean Sea]]''
 | North =  {{Flag|Saint Vincent and the Grenadines}}<br />''[[Martinique Channel]]''
 | Northeast = ''[[Caribbean Sea]]''
 | West = ''[[Caribbean Sea]]''
 | Centre = ''Carriacou and Petite Martinique''
 | East = ''[[Caribbean Sea]]''
 | Southwest = ''[[Caribbean Sea]]''
 | South =  ''[[Caribbean Sea]]''<br />{{Flag|Grenada}}
 | Southeast =  ''[[Caribbean Sea]]''
}}
}}
{{Parishes of Grenada}}
{{Local Government and Major town in Grenada}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carriacou And Petite Martinique}}
[[Category:Carriacou and Petite Martinique| ]]
[[Category:1650 establishments in the French colonial empire]]
[[Category:Islands of Grenada]]