Editing Capital punishment by country

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2021}}
[[File:Capital punishment in the world.svg|thumb|upright=1.3|{{legend|#FF0000|Maintain the death penalty in both law and practice}}
{{legend|#D59348|Abolished in practice (no execution in over 10 years and under a moratorium)}}
{{legend|#80E000|Abolished in law, except in exceptional circumstances, such as war}}
{{legend|#008080|Completely abolished}}]]
[[Capital punishment]], also called the death penalty, is the [[State (polity)|state]]-sanctioned killing of a person as a punishment for a [[crime]]. It has historically been used in almost every part of the world. Since the mid-19th century many countries have abolished or discontinued the practice.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/document/?indexNumber=act50%2f001%2f2013&language=en |title=Death sentences and executions in 2012 |website=[[Amnesty International]]| date=10 April 2013}}</ref><ref name="Bienen2010">{{cite book |author=Bienen |first=Leigh B. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vmpEQUhpNXUC&pg=PA143 |title=Murder and Its Consequences: Essays on Capital Punishment in America |date=2011 |publisher=Northwestern University Press |isbn=978-0-8101-2697-8 |edition=2 |page=143}}</ref><ref name="Tonry2000">{{cite book |author=Tonry |first=Michael H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7MePbzYyZ2YC&pg=PA3 |title=The Handbook of Crime & Punishment |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2000 |isbn=978-0-19-514060-6 |page=3}}</ref><ref name="Reichert2011">{{cite book|last=Reichert|first=Elisabeth|title=Social Work and Human Rights: A Foundation for Policy and Practice |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2LylU2Yp6NYC&pg=PA89|year=2011|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=978-0-231-52070-6|page=89}}</ref><ref name="Durrant2013">{{cite book|last=Durrant|first=Russil|title=An Introduction to Criminal Psychology|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mIpMUpsoy90C&pg=PA268 |year=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-23434-7|page=268}}</ref><ref name="BryantPeck2009">{{cite book |last1=Bryant |first1=Clifton D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LFOn7rpkVdQC&pg=PA144 |title=Encyclopedia of Death & Human Experience |last2=Peck |first2=Dennis L. |publisher=Sage Publications |year=2009 |isbn=978-1-4129-5178-4 |page=144}}</ref><ref name="Roberson2015">{{cite book|last=Roberson|first=Cliff|title=Constitutional Law and Criminal Justice, Second Edition|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oHu9CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA188|year=2015|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4987-2120-2 |page=188}}</ref> In {{As of|2022|bare=yes}}, the five countries that executed the most people were, in descending order, [[China]], [[Iran]], [[Saudi Arabia]], [[Egypt]], and the [[United States]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2022 |title=Death Sentences and Executions 2022 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/6548/2023/en/ |access-date=2023-07-30 |website=Amnesty International}}</ref>

The 193 [[member states of the United Nations|United Nations member states]] and two [[United Nations General Assembly observers|observer states]] fall into four categories based on their use of capital punishment. {{As of|2024}}:<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=May 2024 |title=ANNEX II: ABOLITIONIST AND RETENTIONIST COUNTRIES |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/7952/2024/en/ |website=[[Amnesty International]]}} During 2024, Zimbabwe too completely abolished the death penalty [{{cite web |url=https://apnews.com/article/zimbabwe-death-penalty-abolished-ccbdd774559f5bbf097176d42effbb60 |author= Mutsaka, Farai|title=Zimbabwe abolishes death penalty almost 20 years after its last hanging |access-date=31 December 2024 |work=Associated Press |date=31 December 2024 |postscript=none }}], bringing the number of abolitionist countries counted by Amnesty International to 113, and the number of retentionist to 54.</ref>

*53 (27%) maintain the death penalty in law and practice.
*23 (12%) permit its use but have abolished it ''[[de facto]]:'' per Amnesty International standards, they have not used it for at least 10 years ''and'' are believed to have a policy or practice of not carrying out executions.<ref name="amnesty2015">{{cite web |url= https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/3487/2016/en/ |title=DEATH SENTENCES AND EXECUTIONS REPORT 2015 |date=April 2016 |publisher=Amnesty International |access-date=10 August 2016}}</ref>
*9 (5%) have abolished it for all crimes except those committed under exceptional circumstances (such as during war).
*110 (56%) have completely abolished it, most recently [[Capital punishment in Zimbabwe|Zimbabwe]] (2024).
In addition, [[Cook Islands]], [[Niue]], and [[Kosovo]] are abolitionist whereas [[Taiwan]] is retentionist.<ref name=":4" />

Since 1990, at least 11 countries have executed offenders who were minors (under the age of 18 or 21) at the time the crime was committed, which is a breach of the [[Convention on the Rights of the Child]], ratified by all countries but the United States. These are [[Capital punishment in China|China]], the [[Capital punishment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo|Democratic Republic of Congo]], [[Capital punishment in Iran|Iran]], [[Capital punishment in Nigeria|Nigeria]], [[Capital punishment in Pakistan|Pakistan]], [[Capital punishment in North Korea|North Korea]], [[Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]], [[Capital punishment in South Sudan|South Sudan]], [[Capital punishment in Sudan|Sudan]], the [[Capital punishment in the United States|United States]], and [[Capital punishment in Yemen|Yemen]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/death-penalty/executions-of-child-offenders-since-1990 |title=Executions of juveniles since 1990 |publisher=Amnesty International |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204044639/http://www.amnesty.org/en/death-penalty/executions-of-child-offenders-since-1990 |archive-date=4 December 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thetimes.com/world/article/iran-hangs-ali-reza-tajiki-who-was-arrested-for-murder-at-the-age-15-5h8b70d60|title=Iran hangs Ali Reza Tajiki, who was arrested for murder at age 15|last=Philp|first=Catherine|date=11 August 2017|work=[[The Times]]|access-date=12 August 2017|language=en|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2018/12/south-sudan-execution-spree-targets-even-children-and-threatens-nursing-mothers/|title=South Sudan steps up executions, children not spared|website=www.amnesty.org|date=7 December 2018|language=en|access-date=10 February 2020}}</ref> In the United States, this ended in 2005 with the Supreme Court case ''[[Roper v. Simmons]]'', in Nigeria in 2015 by law,<ref>{{Cite book |title=Ondo State of Nigeria Official Gazette, Law No. 2 of 2016, Administration of Criminal Justice Law 2015 |publisher=Ondo State Government |year=2016 |location=Akure}}</ref> and in Saudi Arabia in 2020 by royal decree.<ref name="Reuters">{{Cite news |date=2020-04-26 |title=Saudi Arabia scraps execution for those who committed crimes as minors: Commission |language=en |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-rights-execution-idUSKCN2280LI |access-date=2020-04-26 |archive-date=2020-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427065058/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-saudi-rights-execution-idUSKCN2280LI |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Global overview==
===Africa===
In Africa, many countries maintain the death penalty in law. Some such countries, such as [[Capital punishment in Algeria|Algeria]] and [[Capital punishment in Cameroon|Cameroon]], have moratoriums and have not used it for over a decade, making them abolitionist in practice. In [[Capital punishment in Nigeria|Nigeria]], some states are ''[[de facto]]'' abolitionist while others are retentionist. 

In 2018, [[Capital punishment in Burkina Faso|Burkina Faso]] repealed the death penalty for civilian crimes, and [[Capital punishment in the Gambia|the Gambia]] announced a moratorium as a first step towards abolition.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gambia suspends death penalty en route to abolition|url=http://www.africanews.com/2018/02/19/gambia-suspends-death-penalty-en-route-to-abolition//|website=African News|date=19 February 2018|access-date=20 February 2018}}</ref> [[Capital punishment in Sierra Leone|Sierra Leone]] abolished capital punishment in 2021, as did the [[Capital punishment in the Central African Republic|Central African Republic]] in 2022, followed by Zimbabwe in 2024.<ref>{{cite news |title=Central African Republic abolishes death penalty |access-date=2022-09-20|url=https://www.vaticannews.va/en/world/news/2022-05/central-african-republic-abolishes-death-penalty.html |work=[[Vatican News]] |date=2022-05-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Chad parliament abolishes death penalty for acts of terror |url=https://punchng.com/chad-parliament-abolishes-death-penalty-for-acts-of-terror/ |access-date=2022-09-20 |work=Punch}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Sierra Leone: Abolition of death penalty a major victory |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2021/07/sierra-leone-abolition-of-death-penalty-a-major-victory/ |access-date=2022-09-20 |work=[[Amnesty International]] |date=2021-07-25}}</ref><ref name="ZimbabweAbolishment" /> For civilian crimes, [[Capital punishment in Equatorial Guinea|Equatorial Guinea]] and [[Capital punishment in Zambia|Zambia]] abolished it in 2022, and [[Capital punishment in Ghana|Ghana]] did so in 2023.<ref name="Mbewe">{{Cite web |last=Mbewe |first=Zondiwe |date=2022-12-23 |title=HH abolishes imposition of criminal defamation of President, death penalty |url=https://diggers.news/local/2022/12/23/hh-abolishes-imposition-of-criminal-defamation-of-president-death-penalty/ |access-date=2022-12-23 |website=Zambia: News Diggers! |language=en-GB |archive-date=23 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221223213039/https://diggers.news/local/2022/12/23/hh-abolishes-imposition-of-criminal-defamation-of-president-death-penalty/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===Americas===
Since 2008, the [[Capital punishment in the United States|United States]] has been the only country in the Americas to carry out executions. In [[Caribbean]] countries, the death penalty exists at least ''[[de jure]]'', except in the Dominican Republic and Haiti, which abolished it in 1969 and 1987, respectively. [[Capital punishment in Grenada|Grenada]] is abolitionist in practice; its last execution was in 1978. The last execution in the Caribbean was in [[Capital punishment in Saint Kitts and Nevis|Saint Kitts and Nevis]], in 2008. In [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]], the death penalty exists in Belize and Guyana, though it has not been used since 1985 and 1997. In [[Capital punishment in Brazil|Brazil]], [[Capital punishment in Chile|Chile]], [[Capital punishment in El Salvador|El Salvador]], [[Capital punishment in Guatemala|Guatemala]], and [[Capital punishment in Peru|Peru]], executions are legal in some circumstances, such as war crimes, and were abolished for civil crimes. In 1976, [[Capital punishment in Canada|Canada]] abolished the death penalty for non-military offences; in 1999, it abolished it for military offences.  In 2005, [[Capital punishment in Mexico|Mexico]] abolished the death penalty; in 2009 [[Capital punishment in Argentina|Argentina]] abolished it.

===Asia===
[[Capital punishment in China|China]] is the world's most active user of the death penalty; according to Amnesty International, China executes more people than the rest of the world combined, each year;<ref>{{cite news |title=Canadian's death sentence in China 'horrific', family says |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-46872651 |access-date=15 January 2019 |work=BBC |date=15 January 2019 |quote=China is believed to execute more people annually than any other country, but is highly secretive about the number. Human rights group Amnesty International puts the figure in the thousands - more than the rest of the world's nations put together.}}</ref> but the death penalty for all crimes do not apply to the two [[special administrative region]]s, [[Hong Kong]] and [[Macau]]. In December 2015, [[Capital punishment in Mongolia|Mongolia]] repealed the death penalty for all crimes.<ref>{{cite web | title=Mongolia: Historic vote abolishes death penalty | website=Amnesty International | date=4 December 2015 | url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/press-release/2015/12/mongolia-historic-vote-abolishes-death-penalty/ | access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref>

[[Capital punishment in India|India]] rarely executes criminals, carrying out just 30 executions since 1991.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Garg |first=Abinhav |date=20 December 2019 |title=Why death penalty is almost unimplementable in India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/why-death-penalty-is-almost-unimplementable-in-india/articleshow/72869380.cms |website=[[The Times of India]]}}</ref> India most recently executed 4 perpetrators of a [[2012 Delhi gang rape and murder|gang rape and murder case]] in March 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-india-51969961|title=Nirbhaya case: Four Indian men executed for 2012 Delhi bus rape and murder|work=BBC News|date=20 March 2020}}</ref>

[[Capital punishment in Japan|Japan]] sometimes executes criminals, carrying out 130 executions since 1993. Japan most recently executed [[2008 Akihabara massacre|Tomohiro Katō]] in July 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=Jan 5, 2024 |title=Japan Performed No Executions in 2023, Making U.S. the Only G7 Country to Use Capital Punishment Last Year |url=https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/news/japan-performed-no-executions-in-2023-making-u-s-the-only-g7-country-to-use-capital-punishment-last-year |access-date=2024-01-22 |website=Death Penalty Information Center}}</ref>

According to a 2017 report by the National Human Rights Commission from [[Capital punishment in Myanmar|Myanmar]], over 700 prisoners in 26 prisons across the country had death sentences commuted to life imprisonment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.mmtimes.com/news/government-hasnt-relaxed-death-penalty.html|title=Government 'hasn't relaxed death penalty'|date=5 July 2018|website=The Myanmar Times|access-date=27 July 2020|archive-date=4 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004145407/https://www.mmtimes.com/news/government-hasnt-relaxed-death-penalty.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Singapore resumed executions in March 2022 after a two-year moratorium due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Singapore came under scrutiny for executing drug traffickers in several high-profile cases, including [[Execution of Nagaenthran K. Dharmalingam|Nagaenthran Dharmalingam]] who was hanged in April 2022,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.todayonline.com/world/singapore-executes-malaysian-drugs-charges-after-rejecting-mental-disability-appeal-1884021|title=Singapore executes Malaysian on drugs charges after rejecting mental disability appeal|website=Today|date=27 April 2022|access-date=26 April 2023|archive-date=27 April 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220427032144/https://www.todayonline.com/world/singapore-executes-malaysian-drugs-charges-after-rejecting-mental-disability-appeal-1884021|url-status=dead}}</ref> and [[Tangaraju Suppiah]] who was hanged in April 2023.<ref name="cnn.com">{{cite news |date= 26 April 2023 |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/25/asia/singapore-cannabis-execution-tangaraju-suppiah-intl-hnk/index.html |website=CNN|title=Singapore executes man for trafficking two pounds of cannabis }}</ref> In July 2023, a convicted drug trafficker named [[Execution of Saridewi Djamani|Saridewi binte Djamani]] was executed, becoming the first female offender hanged in Singapore in 19 years, after the 2004 hanging of [[Yen May Woen]].<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66333776|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230728034735/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-66333776|url-status= live|archive-date= 28 July 2023|title= Singapore executes woman on drugs charge for the first time in 20 years|website= BBC News|date= 28 July 2023}}</ref> Singapore's first execution for murder since 2019 was carried out in February 2024, when Bangladeshi painter [[Ahmed Salim (murderer)|Ahmed Salim]] was hanged for murdering his ex-girlfriend in 2018.<ref>{{cite news|date=28 February 2024|title=Man who killed ex-fiancee is first person to be executed for murder in Singapore since 2019|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/courts-crime/man-who-killed-ex-fiancee-is-first-person-to-be-executed-for-murder-in-singapore-since-2019|work=The Straits Times}}</ref>

===Europe===
{{Main|Capital punishment in Europe}}
The [[Capital punishment in the European Union|European Union]] holds a strong position against the death penalty; its abolition is a key objective for the Union's human rights policy. Abolition is also a pre-condition for entry into the European Union. In Europe, only [[Capital punishment in Belarus|Belarus]] continues to actively use capital punishment.<ref>{{cite web|author=European External Action Service |url=http://eeas.europa.eu/human_rights/adp/index_en.htm |title=European Union - EEAS (European External Action Service) &#124; EU Policy on Death Penalty |publisher=Eeas.europa.eu |date=30 September 2008 |access-date=9 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.euractiv.com/section/central-asia/news/belarus-and-ukrainan-rebels-keep-death-penalty-alive-in-europe/|title=Belarus and {{sic|Ukrain|an|nolink=y}} rebels keep death penalty alive in Europe|last=Crisp|first=James|date=1 April 2015|newspaper=www.euractiv.com|language=en-GB|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-un-report-dire-situation-fighting/28912171.html|title=UN Says Fighting Fuels 'Dire' Situation In Eastern Ukraine As Winter Sets In|newspaper=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=12 December 2017 |language=en|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://khpg.org/en/1599258096 |title=More than 9 death sentences imposed in unrecognized Russian proxy Donbas 'republic' |website=khpg.org |access-date=18 March 2021}}</ref>

Capital punishment has been completely abolished in all European countries except for Belarus and [[Capital punishment in Russia|Russia]], the latter of which has a moratorium and has not conducted an execution since 1996. The absolute ban on the death penalty is enshrined in both the [[Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union]] (EU) and two widely adopted protocols of the [[European Convention on Human Rights]] of the [[Council of Europe]], and is thus considered a central value. Of all present European countries, [[Capital punishment in San Marino|San Marino]], [[Capital punishment in Portugal|Portugal]] and the [[Capital punishment in the Netherlands|Netherlands]] were the first to abolish capital punishment; [[Capital punishment in Romania|Romania]] banned it even earlier in 1864, but it was much later reintroduced from 1936 to 1990 during the dictatorial and communist eras; in [[Capital punishment in Italy|Italy]] the nationwide ban on the death penalty dates from 1889 (capital punishment had previously not been in force in [[Tuscany]] alone since 1859, and even earlier for short periods starting from 1786), but it was then reintroduced during the [[Italian fascism|fascist regime]]; now only Belarus still uses capital punishment. In 2012, [[Capital punishment in Latvia|Latvia]] became the last EU member state to abolish capital punishment in wartime.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcoalition.org/International-law-abolition-protocols-ratified-last-month.html|title=International law: abolition protocols ratified last month|website=World Coalition Against the Death Penalty|access-date=4 December 2018|archive-date=22 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822113517/http://www.worldcoalition.org/International-law-abolition-protocols-ratified-last-month.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Post-Soviet states===
{{Unreferenced section|date=August 2023}}
[[Capital punishment in Russia|Russia]] retains the death penalty in law, but there has been a [[moratorium (law)|moratorium]] since 1996, making it ''de facto'' abolitionist. The last execution on Russian territory was in Chechnya in 1999.{{what|date=June 2024}} Of the other former Soviet republics, only [[Capital punishment in Belarus|Belarus]] and [[Capital punishment in Tajikistan|Tajikistan]] have not formally abolished capital punishment, and only Belarus uses it in practice. In 2000, [[Capital punishment in Ukraine|Ukraine]] abolished the death penalty completely (in peace and wartime), as did [[Capital punishment in Kazakhstan|Kazakhstan]] in June 2022.<ref>{{cite web | title=An end to the death penalty in Kazakhstan | website=The Sigrid Rausing Trust | date=14 September 2022 | url=https://www.sigrid-rausing-trust.org/story/an-end-to-the-death-penalty-in-kazakhstan/ | access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref>

===Oceania===
The [[Kingdom of Tahiti]] (when the island was independent) was the first legislative assembly in the world to abolish the death penalty in 1824. Tahiti commuted the death penalty to banishment.<ref name="Tahiti">Alexandre Juster, L'histoire de la Polynésie française en 101 dates : 101 événements marquants qui ont fait l'histoire de Tahiti et ses îles, Les éditions de Moana, 2016 ({{ISBN|9782955686010}}), p. 40</ref> Nearly all countries in this region have abolished the death penalty as a form of punishment, and the last country that still has it in law ([[Capital punishment in Tonga|Tonga]]) has not used it since 1982 and is considered de facto abolitionist. [[Capital punishment in Australia|Australia]] abolished the death penalty completely in 1985.

===Human Development Index===
There are 65 sovereign states with a very high human development according to the 2021/2022 [[Human Development Report]].<ref>{{cite web |publisher=[[Human Development Report|HDRO (Human Development Report Office)]] [[United Nations Development Programme]] |url=https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents/global-report-document/hdr2021-22pdf_1.pdf |access-date=23 September 2022 |title=Human Development Report 2021/2022}}</ref> Of these:

*14 (22%) maintain the death penalty in both law and practice: [[Capital punishment in Singapore|Singapore]], [[Capital punishment in Japan|Japan]], the [[Capital punishment in the United States|United States]], [[Capital punishment in the United Arab Emirates|United Arab Emirates]], [[Capital punishment in Bahrain|Bahrain]], [[Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia|Saudi Arabia]], [[Capital punishment in Qatar|Qatar]], [[Capital punishment in Kuwait|Kuwait]], [[Capital punishment in Oman|Oman]], [[Capital punishment in the Bahamas|the Bahamas]], [[Capital punishment in Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Capital punishment in Belarus|Belarus]], [[Capital punishment in Malaysia|Malaysia]],{{efn|Moratorium since 2018; mandatory death sentence abolished April 2023.<ref name=abcapr2023>{{cite web | title=Malaysia passes sweeping legal reforms to remove the mandatory death penalty| website =[[ABC News (Australia)]] | date=3 April 2023 | url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-04-03/malaysia-scraps-mandatory-death-penalty-legal-reforms/102182802 | access-date=4 April 2023}}</ref>}} and [[Capital punishment in Thailand|Thailand]].
*3 (5%) permit its use, but have not used it for at least 10 years and are believed to have a policy or established practice of not carrying out executions: [[Capital punishment in South Korea|South Korea]], [[Capital punishment in Brunei|Brunei]], and [[Capital punishment in Russia|Russia]].
*2 (3%) have abolished it for all crimes except those committed under exceptional circumstances (such as during war): [[Capital punishment in Israel|Israel]] and [[Capital punishment in Chile|Chile]].
*46 (71%) have completely abolished it, including [[Capital punishment in Argentina|Argentina]], [[Capital punishment in Australia|Australia]], [[Capital punishment in Austria|Austria]], [[Capital punishment in Canada|Canada]], [[Capital punishment in Denmark|Denmark]], [[Capital punishment in Finland|Finland]], [[Capital punishment in France|France]], [[Capital punishment in Germany|Germany]], [[Capital punishment in Italy|Italy]], [[Capital punishment in Norway|Norway]], [[Capital punishment in Poland|Poland]], [[Capital punishment in Spain|Spain]], [[Capital punishment in Sweden|Sweden]], [[Capital punishment in Switzerland|Switzerland]], [[Capital punishment in Turkey|Turkey]], and the [[Capital punishment in the United Kingdom|United Kingdom]].

Singapore has the highest [[Human Development Index]] of all the countries that use the death penalty, while Japan has both the highest [[List of countries by inequality-adjusted Human Development Index|inequality-adjusted HDI]] and the highest [[List of countries by planetary pressures–adjusted Human Development Index|planetary pressures–adjusted HDI]].

===Developed countries===
As of 2022, 36 of the 40 countries and territories that are classified by the [[International Monetary Fund|IMF]] as [[developed countries]] (advanced economies), including [[Special administrative regions of China|China's Special administrative regions]] of [[Capital punishment in Hong Kong|Hong Kong]] and [[Capital punishment in Macau|Macau]]<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2022/01/weodata/groups.htm#ae | title=World Economic Outlook Database April 2022 -- WEO Groups and Aggregates Information }}</ref> have completely abolished the death penalty. Only the United States, Japan, Singapore and Taiwan retain the death penalty for ordinary crimes, and Israel for crimes under exceptional circumstances (such as during war).

===Numbers executed in 2022===
At least 21 countries performed executions in {{As of|2022|bare=yes}}:<ref name=":0" /><ref name="amnesty.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/overview.html|title=Overview of the death penalty worldwide in 2016|website=www.capitalpunishmentuk.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?141-9chk=on&hideinfo=on|title=Death Penalty Worldwide|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=28 June 2019|archive-date=16 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616025908/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?141-9chk=on&hideinfo=on|url-status=dead}}</ref>

* '''Americas (1 country):''' United States (18)
* '''Asia (13 countries):''' Afghanistan (unknown), Bangladesh (4), China (unknown), Iran (596+), Iraq (unknown), Japan (1), Kuwait (7), North Korea (unknown), Saudi Arabia (146), Singapore (11), Syria (unknown), Vietnam (unknown), Yemen (1)
* '''Africa (3 countries):''' Egypt (unknown), Somalia (19), South Sudan (2)

Precise numbers are unavailable for some countries, so the total number of executions is unknown. Other countries, like Myanmar and Libya, have conducted extrajudicial executions.

==Capital punishment by continents==
[[File:Capital punishment in the world.svg|frameless|center|upright=2.5]]
{{center|{{legend|#FF0000|Maintain the death penalty in both law and practice}}
{{legend|#D59348|Abolished in practice (no execution in over 10 years and under a moratorium)}}
{{legend|#80E000|Abolished in law, except in exceptional circumstances, such as war}}
{{legend|#008080|Completely abolished}}}}
===Africa===
There are 54 [[member states of the United Nations|United Nations member states]] in Africa. Of these:

*6 (11%) maintain the death penalty in both law and practice.
*20 (38%) permit its use but have not used it for at least 10 years and are believed to have a policy of not carrying out executions.
*4 (7%) have abolished it for all crimes except those committed under exceptional circumstances (such as during war).
*24 (44%) have completely abolished it.

Many African countries have carried out no executions for over 10 years, but are not believed to have an abolitionist policy or established practice.

Nigeria is only retentionist in the northern states that use sharia law, and in some southern states such as [[Imo State|Imo]]. Many southern states are abolitionist in practice due to a moratorium that has been in place since 2004.

The countries in Africa that most recently abolished the death penalty are Ghana (2023), Zambia (2022) and Equatorial Guinea (2022) for ordinary crimes,{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} Zimbabwe (2024), Central African Republic (2022) and Sierra Leone (2021) for all crimes.

Executions in Africa in 2019: Botswana (1), Egypt (29+), Somalia (13+), South Sudan (7+).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/overview.html|title=Overview of the death penalty worldwide in 2016|website=www.capitalpunishmentuk.org|access-date=29 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?141-9chk=on&hideinfo=on|title=Death Penalty Worldwide|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=29 July 2019|archive-date=16 June 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190616025908/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?141-9chk=on&hideinfo=on|url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{legend|#FF0000|Maintain the death penalty in both law and practice}}
{{legend|#D59348|Abolished in practice (no execution in over 10 years and under a moratorium)}}
{{legend|#80E000|Abolished in law, except in exceptional circumstances, such as war}}
{{legend|#008080|Completely abolished}}
{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;" 
! '''Key'''
!{{center|'''Country'''}}
!'''Last execution'''
!'''Executions 2019'''
!'''Year abolished'''
!{{center|'''Notes'''}}
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|DZA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1993
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Algeria}}Firing Squad, shooting. Death penalty for [[treason]]; espionage; aggravated murder; castration resulting in death; arson (or destruction using explosive devices) of buildings, vehicles or harvests resulting in death; intentional destruction of military equipment resulting in death; attempts to change the regime or actions aimed at incitement; destruction of territory; [[sabotage]] to public and economic utilities; massacres and [[Mass murder|slaughters]]; [[brigandage|participation in armed bands]] or in [[insurrection]]ary movements; [[counterfeiting]]; terrorism; acts of [[torture]] or cruelty; [[kidnapping]]; [[theft|aggravated theft]]; some military offences; poisoning; attempting a death-eligible offense; some cases of recidivism and perjury leading to a death sentence pronounced.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Algeria |title=The Death Penalty in Algeria |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=13 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182307/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Algeria |url-status=dead}}</ref> Currently under a moratorium. On 20 December 2012, Algeria co-sponsored and voted in favour of the Resolution on a Moratorium on the Use of the Death Penalty at the UN General Assembly.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/bancadati/schedastato.php?idcontinente=25&nome=algeria|title=HANDS OFF CAIN against death penalty in the world|access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> 
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|AGO}}
| style="text-align:center"|1977<ref>{{Cite web |date=10 December 2014 |title=Nito Alves 1945-1977 : Associação 27 de Maio |trans-title=Nito Alves 1945-1977: May 27th Association |url=http://www.27maio.com/nito-alves-1945-1977/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141210142122/http://www.27maio.com/nito-alves-1945-1977/ |archive-date=10 December 2014 |language=pt}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1992
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Angola}}Abolished in 1992 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|BEN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1987
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2012
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Benin}}On 6 July 2012, [[Benin]] acceded to the Second Additional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights which makes Benin abolitionist.<ref name=Benin>{{cite web |url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=16307938 |title=Benin: Accession to the Second Optional Protocol Aiming at the Abolition of the Death Penalty |publisher=Hands Off Cain |date=5 July 2012 |access-date=7 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140315131918/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=16307938 |archive-date=15 March 2014}}</ref> The decision was upheld by the Constitutional Court in January 2016 although the death penalty is still present in statutes.<ref name="amnesty2015"/>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|BWA}}
| style="text-align:center"|2021<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.capetownetc.com/news/two-men-in-botswana-hanged-for-murder-divides-social-media/|title=Two men in Botswana hanged for murder divides social media|website=www.capetownetc.com|date=9 February 2021 }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|1
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Botswana}}Hanging, and state also has power to determine method of execution by offense committed. Death penalty for murder; espionage; treason; [[attempted murder|attempt on the life]] of the [[head of state]]; [[mutiny]]; [[desertion]] in the face of the enemy, aggravated piracy and terrorism. Persons excused from capital punishment are pregnant women, teenagers who were younger than 18 at time of crime, and the mentally ill.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Botswana|title=The Death Penalty in Botswana|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|language=en|access-date=5 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160431/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DBotswana|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|BFA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1988
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A (Military)<br />2018 (Civilian)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deathpenaltynews.blogspot.com/2018/06/burkina-faso-abolishes-death-penalty-in.html|title=Burkina Faso abolishes death penalty in new penal code|website=Burkina Faso abolishes death penalty in new penal code|access-date=1 June 2018}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Burkina Faso}}Death penalty still retained for war crimes. Capital punishment was abolished for other offenses in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/africa/burkina-faso/|title=Burkina Faso|website=www.amnesty.org|language=en|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|BDI}}
| style="text-align:center"|2000<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/AFR16/021/2004/en |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130414015023/http://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/AFR16/021/2004/en |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 April 2013 |title=Burundi: Imminent resumption of executions or summary trials and executions |publisher=Amnesty International |date=22 November 2004 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2009<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/news/burundi-abolishes-death-penalty-bans-homosexuality-20090427 |title=Burundi abolishes the death penalty but bans homosexuality |publisher=Amnesty International |date=27 April 2009 |access-date=7 February 2013 |archive-date=18 February 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218040338/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/news/burundi-abolishes-death-penalty-bans-homosexuality-20090427 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Burundi}}Death penalty abolished in revised 2009 criminal code. Extrajudicial executions are still commonplace.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vice.com/en/article/at-least-47-surrendered-rebels-executed-as-burundi-makes-a-bloody-start-to-2015/|title=At Least 47 Surrendered Rebels 'Executed' as Burundi Makes a Bloody Start to 2015|website=Vice.com|date=12 February 2015 }}</ref> Despite having abolished capital punishment, Burundi voted against the [[UN Moratorium on the Death Penalty]] in 2016.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|CMR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1997<ref name="richard-clark">{{cite web |url=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/common.html |title=Capital punishment in the Commonwealth |publisher=Capital Punishment UK |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Cameroon}}Hanging, firing squad, shooting. Death penalty for [[secession]]; espionage; treason; terrorism; aggravated murder; premeditated murder; violent theft leading to death or causing grievous bodily harm; abduction of a minor resulting in the death of that minor; assault on a state employee with intent to kill; attempt of a death-eligible crime and conspiracy to commit a death-eligible crime; plundering by gangs using force during times of war and [[incitement to war]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Cameroon |title=The Death Penalty in Cameroon |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182327/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Cameroon |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/hrcommittee/cameroon1999.html |title=Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee, Cameroon, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/79/Add.116 (1999). |publisher=University of Minnesota |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref> In February 2014, the President of the Republic, [[Paul Biya]], commuted all persons condemned to the death penalty to life in prison. The decree commuted their sentences to 25 years incarceration.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.jeuneafrique.com/Article/ARTJAWEB20140218204932/france-cameroun-paul-biya-michel-thierry-atangana-cameroun-france-cameroun-paul-biya-signe-un-decret-conduisant-a-la-liberation-de-michel-thierry-atangana.html |title=Cameroun: Paul Biya signe un décret conduisant à la libération de Michel Thierry Atangana |magazine=Jeune Afrique |access-date=18 February 2014}}</ref> However, death sentences have continued to be handed down {{as of|2016|lc=y}}.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2016/03/19/africa/cameroon-boko-haram-death-sentences/ |title=89 Boko Haram militants sentenced to death in Cameroon |publisher=CNN.com |date=19 March 2016 |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CPV}}
| style="text-align:center"| *None since independence in 1975 (1835, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"| 1981
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Cape Verde}}Last execution when a colony of Portugal was 1835. Abolished in 1981 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CAF}}
| style="text-align:center"|1981
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2022
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Central African Republic}}The National Assembly passed a bill abolishing capital punishment on 27 May 2022. President Touadéra has vowed to sign it into law.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-06-03 |title=Central African Republic Becomes 24th African State to Abolish the Death Penalty |url=https://worldcoalition.org/2022/06/03/central-african-republic-abolishes-the-death-penalty/ |access-date=2022-06-27 |website=WCADP |language=en-US}}</ref> 
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|TCD}}
| style="text-align:center"|2015<ref>{{cite web | url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-nigeria-violence-chad-idUKKCN0QY0JE20150829 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160702034812/http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-nigeria-violence-chad-idUKKCN0QY0JE20150829 | url-status=dead | archive-date=2 July 2016 | title=Chad executes 10 Boko Haram members by firing squad | publisher=Reuters.com | date=29 August 2015 | access-date=29 August 2015}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2020
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Chad}}Capital punishment was abolished in 2014,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rfi.fr/afrique/20140915-tchad-nouveau-code-penal-peine-mort-homosexualite/ |title=Le Tchad a un nouveau code péna |language=fr |date=15 September 2014 |access-date=7 October 2014}}</ref> but then reintroduced the following year for acts of terror.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-33732176 |title=Chad reintroduces death penalty for acts of terror - BBC News |publisher=Bbc.com |date=31 July 2015 |access-date=9 April 2016}}</ref> In April 2020, Chad's Parliament unanimously abolished the death penalty for terrorism.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://punchng.com/chad-parliament-abolishes-death-penalty-for-acts-of-terror/|title=Chad parliament abolishes death penalty for acts of terror|website=Punch Newspapers|date=28 April 2020|language=en-US|access-date=28 April 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/notizia/chad-death-penalty-completely-abolished-60311876 |title=Chad: Death penalty completely abolished |website=www.handsoffcain.info |date=15 July 2020 |access-date=1 February 2020}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|COM}}
| style="text-align:center"|1997<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/009/1996/en/ |title=The death penalty: List of abolitionist and retentionist countries (October 1996) |date=30 September 1996 |publisher=Amnesty International |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Comoros}}
Firing squad. Death penalty for aggravated murder, murder, rape (if it results in the death of the victim), barbaric actions including torture, and aggravated rape.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Comoros|title=The Death Penalty in Comoros|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|language=en|access-date=5 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160422/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DComoros|url-status=dead}}</ref> Persons excluded from capital punishment are pregnant women, women with small children, teenagers who were under 18 at the time of the crime, and the mentally ill.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|Republic of the Congo|name=Congo, Republic of the}}
| style="text-align:center"|1982
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2015<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcoalition.org/Congos-Presidential-Election-Strengthens-the-Controversial-New-Constitution-that-Abolished-Capital-Punishment.html|title=Congo's Presidential Election Strengthens the Controversial New Constitution that Abolished Capital Punishment|date=20 April 2016|access-date=12 July 2016|archive-date=30 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830005945/http://www.worldcoalition.org/Congos-Presidential-Election-Strengthens-the-Controversial-New-Constitution-that-Abolished-Capital-Punishment.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Republic of the Congo}}Death penalty abolished November 2015 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|Democratic Republic of the Congo|name=Congo, Democratic Republic of the}}
| style="text-align:center"|2003<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8664155.stm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170830015420/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/8664155.stm | url-status=dead | archive-date=30 August 2017 | work=BBC News | title=Congo death verdict prompts worry | date=6 May 2010}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Democratic Republic of the Congo}}Hanging, shooting. Death penalty for murder, aggravated murder, treason, destruction of military facilities resulting in death, imposing superstitious trials by ordeal resulting in death, terrorism, armed robbery, drug trafficking and drug possession during wartime, espionage, misappropriation by a public prosecutor of seized or confiscated goods in time of war, some military offences, war crimes, genocide and crimes against humanity.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo|title=The Death Penalty in Democratic Republic of the Congo|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=4 May 2017|archive-date=13 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182521/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Democratic+Republic+of+the+Congo|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|DJI}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1977
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1995
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Djibouti}}
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|EGY}}
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref name="ReferenceA">{{cite web |title=Executions worldwide this month |url=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/world.html |website=www.capitalpunishmentuk.org}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|29+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Egypt}}Hanging/firing squad. Death penalty for rape (if the victim is also kidnapped); murder; treason; terrorism; espionage; perjury causing wrongful execution<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Egypt |title=The Death Penalty in Egypt |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=6 August 2017 |archive-date=24 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140324185758/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Egypt |url-status=dead}}</ref> and organized drug trafficking. Those excused from the death penalty are: women with small children, women who are pregnant, teenagers who were under 18 at the time of the crime, and the mentally ill.<ref name="The Death Penalty in Egypt">{{Cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Egypt|title=The Death Penalty in Egypt|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|language=en|access-date=4 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160414/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DEgypt|url-status=dead}}</ref> In Egypt, it is believed that at least 1,700 people were executed under the death penalty, and 1,413 death sentences alone were issued between 2007 and 2014.<ref name="The Death Penalty in Egypt"/> Since the beginning of 2015, there have been reports of at least 354 death sentences carried out; however, numbers are not totally reliable due to the government's secrecy.
|-
| style="background:#80E000"|
|{{flagcountry|GNQ}}
| style="text-align:center"|2014<ref>{{cite news| url=https://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE67N00T20100824 | archive-url=https://archive.today/20120712023151/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE67N00T20100824 | url-status=dead | archive-date=12 July 2012 | work=Reuters | title=Eq Guinea executes four coup convicts: Amnesty | date=24 August 2010}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2022 (civil crimes)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Equatorial Guinea}}On 19 September 2022, [[List of presidents of Equatorial Guinea|President]] [[Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo]] signed a new [[criminal code|penal code]] into law that abolished the death penalty for most crimes; however, statutes still permit the death penalty for some military offenses.<ref name="abolitionGNQ">{{Cite web |date=2022-09-19 |title=Equatorial Guinea abolishes death penalty, state television reports |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/sep/19/equatorial-guinea-abolishes-death-penalty-state-television-reports |access-date=2022-09-20 |website=The Guardian |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Amnesty International ABOLITIONIST AND RETENTIONIST COUNTRIES AS OF DECEMBER 2022 |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/ACT5065912023ENGLISH.pdf}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|ERI}}
| style="text-align:center"|1989
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Eritrea}}Hanging, shooting. Last execution when part of Ethiopia was 1989. Death penalty for murder, armed robbery, espionage, treason, economic crimes, military offenses, war crimes and genocide. At least one execution may have been carried out between 1999 and 2008, but this remains unconfirmed.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Eritrea|title=The Death Penalty in Eritrea|publisher=Deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=25 April 2017|archive-date=13 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182343/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Eritrea|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flag|Eswatini}}
| style="text-align:center"|1983<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.southerndomains.com/Newspaper/Archive/0202/Column.html#23 |title=Swaziland Moves Toward Execution By Lethal Injection; Hangman Unavailable |journal=The Clarion Issue |volume=3 |issue=2 |date=February–March 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030418180636/http://www.southerndomains.com/Newspaper/Archive/0202/Column.html#23 |archive-date=18 April 2003}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Eswatini}}Death penalty for murder;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cidi.org/humanitarian/irin/safrica/00a/0020.html |title=IRIN-SA Weekly Round-up 21 |publisher=Center for International Disaster Information |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050430201413/http://www.cidi.org/humanitarian/irin/safrica/00a/0020.html |archive-date=30 April 2005}}</ref> treason.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|ETH}}
| style="text-align:center"|2007<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6933849.stm |work=BBC News | title=Ethiopia executes spy boss killer | date=6 August 2007 | access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Ethiopia}}Firing squad. Death penalty for murder, robbery resulting in death or permanent disability of the victim, armed robbery, terrorism, some economic crimes, espionage, treason, certain military offences, [[armed conspiracy]], war crimes, [[genocide]], attempted capital offenses, certain economic crimes in time of war and outrages against the constitution<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Ethiopia |title=The Death Penalty in Ethiopia |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182349/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Ethiopia |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|GAB}}
| style="text-align:center"|1985<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www1.umn.edu/humanrts/hrcommittee/gabon2000.html |title=Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Committee, Gabon, U.N. Doc. CCPR/CO/70/GAB (2000) |publisher=University of Minnesota |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2010<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/archivio_news/index.php?iddocumento=15302086&mover=0# |title=Death Penalty: Hands Off Cain Announces Abolition in Gabon |publisher=Hands Off Cain |date=14 February 2011 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Gabon}}Abolished in February 2010.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
| {{flagcountry|GMB}}
| style="text-align:center"|2012<ref>{{cite news |last=Williams |first=Carol J. |url=http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/08/gambia-iraq-executions-buck-worldwide-abolitionist-trend.html |title=Gambia, Iraq executions buck worldwide abolitionist trend |work=Los Angeles Times |date=31 August 2012 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Gambia}}Hanging, firing squad. Death penalty for treason, murder and terrorism.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Gambia |title=The Death Penalty in Gambia |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=24 August 2017 |archive-date=12 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012022927/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Gambia |url-status=dead}}</ref> Capital punishment was abolished in 1993 but was reinstated by Armed Forces Provisional Ruling Council in August 1995<ref name=WestAfricaAmnesty/> In February 2018, Gambia announced a moratorium on the death penalty.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/feb/19/gambia-suspends-death-penalty-abolition|title=Gambia suspends death penalty in step towards abolition|newspaper=The Guardian|date=19 February 2018|access-date=10 October 2019}}</ref> In September 2018, it ratified the [[Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]]. In May 2019, it commuted 22 death sentences to life imprisonment.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2019/05/gambia-death-sentences-commuted-to-life-imprisonment/ |title=Gambia: 22 death sentences commuted to life imprisonment, a welcome step towards abolition |publisher=Amnesty International |date=9 May 2019 |access-date=10 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
| {{flagcountry|GHA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1993
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2023 (most crimes)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Ghana}}Firing squad, hanging. Death penalty for high treason. In 2023, Parliament voted to abolish the death penalty for all other crimes.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Degale |first=Isobelle |date=2023-07-27 |title=Jurist: Ghana Parliament votes to end death penalty |url=https://deathpenaltyproject.org/jurist-ghana-parliament-votes-to-end-death-penalty/ |access-date=2023-08-05 |website=The Death Penalty Project |language=en-GB}}</ref> The repeal of the death penalty is not retroactive; at least one death sentence was handed down after abolition for a crime that occurred before the repeal went into effect.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.ghanabusinessnews.com/2023/08/11/father-sentenced-to-death-for-offering-son-as-sacrifice/ | title=Father sentenced to death for offering son as sacrifice | date=11 August 2023 }}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|GIN}}
| style="text-align:center"|2001<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/AFR29/004/2001/en |title=Guinea: Death Penalty/Fear of Imminent Execution |publisher=Amnesty International |date=14 October 2001 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2017
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Guinea}}Abolished 2016 for ordinary crimes,{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} 2017 for all crimes.<ref name="AmnestyReport">{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/ACT5066652017ENGLISH.pdf|title=Abolitionist and Retentionist countries as of July 2018|access-date=10 February 2020|archive-date=8 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210408153822/https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/ACT5066652017ENGLISH.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|GNB}}
| style="text-align:center"|1986
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1993
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Guinea-Bissau}}Abolished 1993 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CIV}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1960<ref name=WestAfricaAmnesty>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/AFR05/003/2003/en |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130414001808/http://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/AFR05/003/2003/en |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 April 2013 |title=West Africa: Time to abolish the death penalty |publisher=Amnesty International |date=9 October 2003 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2000
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Ivory Coast}}
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|KEN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1987
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Kenya}}Hanging. Death penalty for terrorism; terrorism acts; [[high treason]]; murder, armed robbery,<ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500072004?open&of=ENG-MAR">{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ACT50/007/2004/en |title=The Death Penalty Worldwide: Developments in 2003 |publisher=Amnesty International |date=5 April 2004 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref> treason, military offenses and administering an oath purported to bind a person to commit a capital offense.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Kenya|title=The Death Penalty in Kenya|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=12 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160435/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DKenya|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 3 August 2009, the death sentences of all 4,000 death row inmates were commuted to life imprisonment, and government studies were ordered to determine if the death penalty has any impact on crime. In 2017 the Supreme Court of Kenya struck down the mandatory death penalty as unconstitutional.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|LSO}}
| style="text-align:center"|1995<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Lesotho|title=The Death Penalty in Lesotho|publisher=Deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=25 April 2017|archive-date=12 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012022951/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Lesotho|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Lesotho}}Hanging. Death penalty for murder, treason, rape, and military offenses such as mutiny.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Lesotho|title=The Death Penalty in Lesotho|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=27 March 2017|archive-date=12 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012022951/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Lesotho|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|LBR}}
| style="text-align:center"|2000<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Liberia |title=The Death Penalty in Liberia |publisher=Deathpenaltyworldwide.org |access-date=25 April 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182405/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Liberia |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Liberia}}Hanging. Death penalty for aggravated murder, armed robbery, terrorism, "mercenarism" resulting in death, [[Aircraft hijacking|hijacking]], treason and espionage.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Liberia |title=The Death Penalty in Liberia |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=17 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182405/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Liberia |url-status=dead}}</ref> Liberia acceded to the Second Optional Protocol to the [[International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]], abolishing the death penalty, on 16 September 2005; it re-introduced elements of it in July 2008.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://newliberian.com/?p=440 |title=Armed Robbery, Hijacking and Terrorism Now Capitol Offenses in Liberia |publisher=New Liberian |date=26 July 2008 |access-date=7 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131221220151/http://newliberian.com/?p=440 |archive-date=21 December 2013 |url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://allafrica.com/stories/200808070711.html |title=Liberia: Death Penalty Under Fire |publisher=AllAfrica |date=7 August 2008 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|LBY}}
| style="text-align:center"|2010<ref name = may10>[http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/may10.html Executions in May 2010].</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://worldcoalition.org/pays/libya/|title=Libya|accessdate=25 July 2022|publisher=[[World Coalition Against the Death Penalty]]}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Libya}}Firing squad, shooting. Libya executed more people (18) in 2010, than any other African state. Current laws allow capital punishment for [[high treason]]; attempt to forcibly change the form of government; [[premeditated murder]]; aggravated murder; terrorism; drug trafficking; robbery resulting in death; espionage and military offences such as assisting the enemy or undermining the defense or the territorial integrity of the State<ref name="DPW Libya">{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Libya |title=The Death Penalty in Libya |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182546/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Libya |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bta.bg/site/libya/en/07courtsystem.htm |title=Libyan Court System And Criminal Justice |publisher=Bulgarian News Agency |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070113171948/http://www.bta.bg/site/libya/en/07courtsystem.htm |archive-date=13 January 2007}}</ref> Extrajudicial killings are commonplace in Libya.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/7/23/isil-fighters-executed-by-haftars-forces-in-libya|title=ISIL fighters executed by Haftar's forces in Libya}}</ref> Amnesty International said that Libyan human rights organizations reported 31 executions from 2018 and 2020, but this is not confirmed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/4/26/sham-libya-trials-sentence-22-to-death-rights-group|title = 'Sham' Libya trials sentenced 22 to death: Rights group}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MDG}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1960 (1958, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2014
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Madagascar}}Abolished 10 December 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/archivio_news/index.php?iddocumento=18310244&mover=0|title=MADAGASCAR: MPS ABOLISH THE DEATH PENALTY|access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> Earlier, on 24 September 2012, Madagascar had signed the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.<ref name=UNTC1989>{{cite web |url=http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-12&chapter=4&lang=en |title=Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty |publisher=United Nations Treaty Collection |access-date=7 February 2013 |archive-date=20 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121020234014/http://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-12&chapter=4&lang=en |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
| {{flagcountry|MWI}}
| style="text-align:center"|1992<ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500012005">{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/001/2005/en/|title=The death penalty worldwide: developments in 2004|publisher=Amnesty International|date=4 April 2005|access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Malawi}}Executions by hanging. Death penalty for murder; rape; violent robbery; burglary; treason; housebreaking and military offenses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Malawi|title=The Death Penalty in Malawi|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=12 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160417/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DMalawi|url-status=dead}}</ref> Capital punishment was briefly abolished in 2021, but reinstated the same year.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|MLI}}
| style="text-align:center"|1980
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Mali}}Executions by firing squad. Death penalty for aggravated murder; terrorism; violent robbery, armed robbery or gang-robbery; arson; kidnapping; treason; espionage; certain military offenses; crimes against humanity; genocide; assaulting on-duty state employees with the intention of causing death; poisoning or mass poisoning of water supplies; committing torture or barbarous acts in the course of a serious offense and attempting a death-eligible crime.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Mali|title=The Death Penalty in Mali|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160430/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Mali|url-status=dead}}</ref> Currently, no individual has been executed since 1980, making Mali a ''de facto'' abolitionist country.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|MRT}}
| style="text-align:center"|1987
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Mauritania}}Death penalty for homosexuality, [[sodomy]],<ref name="WorldSodomyLaws">{{cite web |url=http://www.sodomylaws.org/world/world.htm |title=Laws around the World |publisher=Sodomy Laws |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050204065022/http://www.sodomylaws.org/world/world.htm |archive-date=4 February 2005}}</ref> [[apostasy]]<ref name="barnabasfund CMD">{{cite web |last=Sookhdeo |first=Patrick |url=http://www.barnabasfund.org/news/archives/article.php?ID_news_items=295 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070709045248/http://www.barnabasfund.org/news/archives/article.php?ID_news_items=295 |url-status=dead |archive-date=9 July 2007 |title=Islamic Teaching on the Consequences of Apostasy from Islam |publisher=Barnabas Fund |date=3 July 2006 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref> (no recorded executions), blasphemy,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://end-blasphemy-laws.org/countries/middle-east-and-north-africa/mauritania/|title=Mauritania|website=End Blasphemy Laws}}</ref> adultery, murder, aggravated murder, terrorism, torture, rape, armed robbery, attempted armed robbery, arson, accomplice to a death-eligible crime, assaulting a judge or public official in the course of his duties resulting in his death, kidnapping resulting in death, abandoning a child or an incapacitated person causing his/her death, espionage, treason, perjury causing wrongful execution, some cases of repeat offences and the voluntary destruction of buildings, bridges, dams or roads causing deaths.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Mauritania|title=The Death Penalty in Mauritania|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=6 August 2017|archive-date=13 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182557/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Mauritania|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MUS}}
| style="text-align:center"|1987
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1995
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Mauritius}}
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|MAR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1993
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Human rights in Morocco#Capital punishment and imprisonment}}Death penalty for terrorism,<ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500072004?open&of=ENG-MAR"/> treason, espionage, corruption, perjury causing wrongful execution and aggravated murder.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Morocco |title=The Death Penalty in Morocco |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=6 August 2017 |archive-date=13 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002845/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Morocco |url-status=dead}}</ref> In December 2013, a parliamentary opposition group filed a bill to abolish the death penalty in Morocco. The MP who introduced the bill said he was "optimistic" about the bill passing "in view of the current reform movement in Morocco".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/archivio_news/201312.php?iddocumento=18300354&mover=0|title=Morocco: New Moves to Abolish Death Penalty|access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MOZ}}
| style="text-align:center"|1986
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Mozambique}}Abolished November 1990 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|NAM}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1990 (1988, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Namibia}}Last execution when occupied by South Africa was in 1988. Abolished March 1990 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|NER}}
| style="text-align:center"|1976
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Niger}}Executions by firing squad. Death penalty allowed for aggravated murder; castration resulting in death; kidnapping a minor resulting in death; terrorism; robbery; treason; espionage; genocide; crimes against humanity; attempt or conspiracy to commit genocide, crimes against humanity and certain war crimes; torture; human trafficking; poisoning; harboring criminals; perjury leading to a person being sentenced to death; attempting to commit a death-eligible offense and [[recidivism]] in case of most serious offenses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Niger|title=The Death Penalty in Niger|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160425/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DNiger|url-status=dead}}</ref> Abolitionist ''de facto'' as the last execution took place in 1976.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|NGA}}
| style="text-align:center"|2016<ref>{{cite web |date=3 January 2017 |title=LEDAP condemns execution of prisoners in Edo, seeks repeal of death penalty |url=http://guardian.ng/features/ledap-condemns-execution-of-prisoners-in-edo-seeks-repeal-of-death-penalty/ |access-date=25 April 2017 |website=The Guardian Nigeria}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Nigeria}}
Death penalty for murder; blasphemy; homosexuality; adultery; treason; rape; robbery; incest; assisting the suicide of a person legally unable to consent; perjury in a capital case causing wrongful execution; terrorism; terrorist acts; some military offences; sodomy;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sodomylaws.org/world/nigeria/nigeria.htm |title=Nigeria |publisher=Sodomy Laws |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060111013242/http://www.sodomylaws.org/world/nigeria/nigeria.htm |archive-date=11 January 2006}}</ref> kidnapping and practice of indigenous beliefs in states applying Shariah law.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Nigeria |title=The Death Penalty in Nigeria |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 September 2017 |archive-date=20 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160421/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DNigeria |url-status=dead}}</ref> Each of the 36 states has its own laws. Northern (majority Muslim) states also apply Sharia law. Some Southern states of Nigeria are ''de facto'' abolitionist since they have imposed a moratorium on the death penalty since 2004,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.worldcoalition.org/worldday.html |title=World Day |publisher=World Coalition Against the Death Penalty |access-date=23 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130922093212/http://www.worldcoalition.org/worldday.html |archive-date=22 September 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> while others continue to carry out executions.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|RWA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1998
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2007<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/2007/WORLD/africa/07/27/rwanda.execution.reut/index.html |publisher=CNN | title=Rwanda's ban on executions helps bring genocide justice | date=27 July 2007 | access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Rwanda}}Since some of the perpetrators of the [[Rwandan genocide]] fled to countries that refuse to extradite suspects to countries that use capital punishment, the Rwandan parliament voted to abolish capital punishment in 2007.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SADR}}
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|The Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic is only partly recognised, and claimed in whole by [[Morocco]]. The Sahrawi constitution which applies only in the [[Polisario]]-held territories in the far east and extreme south of the [[Western Sahara]] bans the death penalty.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|STP}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1975
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|Abolished September 1990 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SEN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1967
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2004
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Senegal}}
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SYC}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1976
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1993
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Seychelles}}Abolished June 1993 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SLE}}
| style="text-align:center"|1998
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2021<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/jul/24/sierra-leone-abolishes-death-penalty |publisher=Guardian | title=Sierra Leone abolishes death penalty | date=24 July 2021 | access-date=25 July 2021}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Sierra Leone}}Prior to abolition, death penalty was for treason;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/AFR51/009/2004/en |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130414002149/http://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/AFR51/009/2004/en |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 April 2013 |title=Sierra Leone: Amnesty International expresses dismay at 10 death sentences for treason |publisher=Amnesty International |date=21 December 2004 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref> murder; [[aggravated robbery]]. Under the [[Special Court for Sierra Leone]], the death penalty is not a punishment for [[war crimes]].
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|SOM}}
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref>https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/8976/2025/en/</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|13
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Somalia}}[[Hanging]], [[firing squad]] or [[stoning]]. Somalia is the only African state that carries out public executions. The [[Transitional Federal Government]] laws allowed for execution (in the limited area of the country it used to control) for murder, terrorism, treason, espionage, homosexuality, some military offences, blasphemy, apostasy and adultery.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ZAF}}
| style="text-align:center"|1989
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1995
|{{Main|Capital punishment in South Africa}}The last execution by the South African government was on 14 November 1989. An execution occurred in the internationally unrecognised "[[Bantustan|homeland]]" of [[Venda]] in 1991.<ref name="richard-clark"/> Capital punishment was declared unconstitutional by the [[Constitutional Court of South Africa|Constitutional Court]] on 6 June 1995 in the case of ''[[S v Makwanyane and Another]]''. In 1997 the Criminal Law Amendment Act formally removed the invalidated provisions from the statute-book, and made provision for the resentencing of prisoners previously sentenced to death.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=70763 |journal=Government Gazette |title= Criminal Law Amendment Act 1997|publisher=Republic of South Africa |volume=390 |issue=18519 |date=19 December 1997 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100813110935/http://www.info.gov.za/view/DownloadFileAction?id=70763 |archive-date=13 August 2010}}</ref> On 25 May 2005 the Constitutional Court ordered that all remaining death sentences in the country be set aside and the prisoners resentenced as soon as possible.<ref>{{cite SAFLII|litigants=Sibiya and Others v Director of Public Prosecutions: Johannesburg High Court and Others|court=ZACC|year=2005|num=6|parallelcite=2005 (5) SA 315 (CC)}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|South Sudan}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>https://www.radiotamazuj.org/en/news/article/sudanese-trader-hanged-for-defilement-and-murder</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|7+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in South Sudan}}Death penalty for treason; insurgency, banditry, sabotage or terrorism resulting in death; perjury in a capital case leading to wrongful execution; murder; attempted murder causing injury by a person sentenced to life for a previous murder; brigandage with murder; and drug dealing under aggravated circumstances.<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://www.goss-online.org/magnoliaPublic/en/Laws--Legislation--Policies/mainColumnParagraphs/0/content_files/file12/15.pdf |title=Acts Supplement |journal=The Southern Sudan Gazette |volume=1 |issue=1 |date=10 February 2009 |publisher=Ministry Legal Affairs and Constitutional Development |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326074724/http://www.goss-online.org/magnoliaPublic/en/Laws--Legislation--Policies/mainColumnParagraphs/0/content_files/file12/15.pdf |archive-date=26 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|SDN}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/archivio_news/202102.php?iddocumento=60323268&mover=0 | title=Sudan: Khartoum authorities hang South Sudanese woman | publisher=Hands Off Cain | date=11 February 2021 | access-date=20 April 2021}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Sudan}}[[Garrotte]]. Death penalty for waging war against the state,<ref>{{cite news |last=Ramani |first=Ken |url=http://www.afrika.no/Detailed/8704.html |title=Sudan: Attorney General expects death penalty for islamist coup plotters |work=The East African Standard |location=Kenya |date=28 March 2005 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050409141815/http://www.afrika.no/Detailed/8704.html |archive-date=9 April 2005}}</ref> prostitution, drug trafficking, treason, perjury in a capital case causing wrongful execution, espionage, acts that may endanger the independence or unity of the state, murder, armed robbery, abetting the suicide of an individual unable to give legal consent, terrorism, rape and incest committed by a married offender.<ref name="DPW Sudan">{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/press-releases/2016/04/death-penalty-2015-facts-and-figures/|title=The Death Penalty in Sudan |date=6 April 2016 |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=5 August 2017}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|TZA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1994
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Tanzania}}Death penalty for murder; treason; military offenses; mutiny by prison officers; and abortion (in Zanzibar semi-autonomous region).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Tanzania|title=The Death Penalty in Tanzania|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=12 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160423/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DTanzania|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|TGO}}
| style="text-align:center"|1978<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/ACT53/004/2002/en |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130414013959/http://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/ACT53/004/2002/en |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 April 2013 |title=Death Penalty News: September 2002 |publisher=Amnesty International |date=31 August 2002 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2009<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/8116293.stm |title=Togo abolishes the death penalty |work=BBC News |date=24 June 2009 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Togo}}
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|TUN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1990
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Tunisia}}Death penalty for murder; terrorism; terrorism acts; violence and aggression; attacks against the external security of the state; kidnapping and sequestration resulting in death; treason; espionage; rape; arson; military offenses; attempt of a death-eligible offense and assault on a judge on duty, with threat or use of a weapon.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Tunisia|title=The Death Penalty in Tunisia|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=6 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160424/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DTunisia|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 6 January 2014, the National Constituent Assembly (NCA) voted for maintaining capital punishment in the upcoming constitution in Tunisia. The votes were by 135 yes out of a total of 174.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/archivio_news/201401.php?iddocumento=18300101&mover=2|title=TUNISIA TO MAINTAIN CAPITAL PUNISHMENT IN FUTURE CONSTITUTION|access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> Since 2015, it has been possible to give the death penalty for terrorism.
|-
| style="background:#D59348 "|
|{{flagcountry|UGA}}
| style="text-align:center"|2005<ref>{{cite news |last=Kiapi |first=Evelyn |url=http://ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=35479 |title=Death Penalty: Uganda's Laws Favour Execution |publisher=Inter Press Service News Agency |date=14 November 2006 |access-date=7 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080109200717/http://www.ipsnews.net/news.asp?idnews=35479 |archive-date=9 January 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://worldcoalition.org/pays/uganda//|title=Uganda|accessdate=6 April 2025|publisher=[[World Coalition Against the Death Penalty]]}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Uganda}}Death penalty for murder; terrorism; kidnapping; rape; aggravated homosexuality; robbery if the offender uses or threatens to use a deadly weapon, resulting in death or causing "grievous harm" to anyone; smuggling if the offender uses or threatens to use a deadly weapon, resulting in death or causing "grievous harm" to anyone; treason and some military offences.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Uganda |title=The Death Penalty in Uganda |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=17 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182445/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Uganda |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2006/11/death-penalty-ugandas-laws-favour-execution/|title=DEATH PENALTY: Uganda's Laws Favour Execution|date=14 November 2006|access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> In 2009, the [[Supreme Court of Uganda|Supreme Court]] upheld a 2005 [[Constitutional Court of Uganda|Constitutional Court]] ruling that although the death penalty was constitutional, its use as a mandatory punishment for certain crimes was not.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/AFR59/001/2009/en |title=Uganda: Amnesty International calls on the Ugandan government to abolish the death penalty |date=22 January 2009 |access-date=7 February 2013}}</ref> In 2019 mandatory death penalty was abolished by law.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theeastafrican.co.ke/news/ea/Uganda-abolishes-mandatory-death-penalty/4552908-5243370-rfierez/index.html |title=Uganda abolishes mandatory death penalty |date=21 August 2019 |access-date=11 February 2020}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|ZMB}}
| style="text-align:center"|1997
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2022 (civil crimes)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Zambia}}In 2022, president [[Hakainde Hichilema]] signed into law a bill abolishing the death penalty for most crimes, though capital punishment still remains in military statutes.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.amnesty.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Amnesty-International-Death-Sentences-and-Executions-2022-Report.pdf | title=Death Sentences and Executions 2022 | publisher=Amnesty International | year=2023}}</ref><ref name="Mbewe"/><ref name=":3" />
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ZWE}}
| style="text-align:center"|2005<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Zimbabwe|title=The Death Penalty in Zimbabwe|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=28 June 2019|archive-date=22 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822141815/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Zimbabwe|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref name="ZimbabweAbolishment">{{cite web |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cn8gqz7n559o |title=Zimbabwe abolishes death penalty |date=31 December 2024 |access-date=1 January 2025}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Zimbabwe}}Death penalty for murder; high treason; terrorism; some military offences; attempted murder, incitement or conspiracy to commit murder; war crimes and genocide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Zimbabwe|title=The Death Penalty in Zimbabwe|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=17 August 2017|archive-date=22 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180822141815/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Zimbabwe|url-status=dead}}</ref> A bill to abolish the death penalty has been proposed, and it received cabinet approval in February 2024.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://africa.businessinsider.com/local/lifestyle/zimbabwe-abolishes-death-penalty-nearly-two-decades-after-last-execution/068vplj|date=February 7, 2024|title=Zimbabwe abolishes death penalty nearly two decades after last execution |publisher=[[Business Insider Africa]]|access-date=7 February 2024}}</ref> President [[Emmerson Mnangagwa]] approved the law on December 31, 2024.<ref name="ZimbabweAbolishment"/>
|}

===Americas===
There are 35 [[member states of the United Nations|United Nations member states]] in the Americas. Of these:

*1 (3%) maintains the death penalty in both law and practice. 
*13 (37%) permit its use, but have not used it for at least 10 years and are believed to have a policy or established practice of not carrying out executions.
*5 (14%) have abolished it for all crimes except those committed under exceptional circumstances (such as during war).
*16 (46%) have completely abolished it.

Many Caribbean countries have carried out no executions for over 10 years, but are not believed to have an abolitionist policy or established practice.

As of 2024, the [[Capital punishment in the United States|United States]] is the only country in the Americas to conduct executions for civil purposes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ACT50/001/2013/en/bbfea0d6-39b2-4e5f-a1ad-885a8eb5c607/act500012013en.pdf |website=www.amnesty.org |title=Death sentences and executions 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140223053000/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/asset/ACT50/001/2013/en/bbfea0d6-39b2-4e5f-a1ad-885a8eb5c607/act500012013en.pdf|publisher= [[Amnesty International]]| date=2013 |archive-date=23 February 2014}}</ref><ref name="Bienen2010"/><ref name="Tonry2000"/><ref name="Reichert2011"/><ref name="Durrant2013"/><ref name="BryantPeck2009"/><ref name="Roberson2015"/> Capital punishment applies nationwide on the federal level, for certain federal crimes, and in the military. However, most capital crimes are prosecuted at the state level. Twenty-three of the fifty states and the federal district have abolished capital punishment entirely.<ref name="DPIC">{{Cite web | url = https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/states-landing | title = State by State | website = Death Penalty Information Center | access-date = 19 December 2024 }}</ref> Five states and the federal government have imposed formal moratoriums, and three of them are classifiable as "abolitionist in practice" according to the United Nations criteria,<ref>{{Cite web 	| url = https://www.law.ox.ac.uk/death-penalty-research-unit/adf-project-abolitionist-practice-challenging-death-penalty-countries | title = ADF project: 'Abolitionist in practice: Challenging the death penalty in countries which do not execute' | website = Death Penalty Research Unit 	| publisher = The Faculty of Law, University of Oxford | access-date = 19 December 2024 }}</ref> having passed a period of over ten years without executions.<ref name="DPIC" />

Outside of the United States, the last execution elsewhere in the Americas was in [[Saint Kitts and Nevis]] in 2008.

The countries in the Americas that most recently abolished the death penalty are Suriname (2015), Argentina (2009), and Bolivia (2009). Guatemala abolished the death penalty for civil cases in 2017.

Executions in the Americas in 2019: United States (22).<ref name="deathpenaltyinfo.org">{{cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/execution-list-2015|title=Execution List 2015|access-date=2 January 2016}}</ref>

{{legend|#FF0000|Maintain the death penalty in both law and practice}}
{{legend|#D59348|Abolished in practice (no execution in over 10 years and under a moratorium)}}
{{legend|#80E000|Abolished in law, except in exceptional circumstances, such as war}}
{{legend|#008080|Completely abolished}}
{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;" 
! '''Key'''
!{{center|'''Country'''}}
!'''Last execution'''
!'''Executions 2019'''
!'''Year abolished'''
!{{center|'''Notes'''}}
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|ATG}}
| style="text-align:center"|1991
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|Hanging. Death penalty for murder and treason.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Antigua+and+Barbuda |title=The Death Penalty in Antigua and Barbuda |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=10 August 2017 |archive-date=12 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012022915/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Antigua+and+Barbuda |url-status=dead}}</ref> Currently, no individual is under the sentence of death, as the last death sentence in the country was commuted in 2016.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2017/04/death-penalty-2016-facts-and-figures/ |title=Death penalty 2016 Facts and figures &#124; Amnesty International |date=11 April 2017 |publisher=Amnesty.org |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ARG}}
| style="text-align:center"|1956
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2009
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Argentina}}[[Argentine Constitution of 1853|Constitution of 1853]] states "The penalty of death for political offences, all kinds of torture, and flogging, are forever abolished."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/0-4999/804/norma.htm|title=Infoleg|website=servicios.infoleg.gob.ar|access-date=4 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170507105123/http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/0-4999/804/norma.htm|archive-date=7 May 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> And was completely abolished by the Penal Code of 30 April 1922.<ref name="canaletti">{{cite web|url=http://canalettiweb.com/la-historia-reciente-la-pena-muerte-la-argentina/|title=La historia reciente de la pena de muerte en la Argentina - Ricardo Canaletti|first=Ricardo|last=Canaletti|date=13 July 2016|access-date=4 March 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305072829/http://canalettiweb.com/la-historia-reciente-la-pena-muerte-la-argentina/|archive-date=5 March 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Despite this it was reinstated on several occasions:
*Between 6 September 1930 by martial law until 20 February 1932.<ref name="canaletti"/>
*Between 9 June 1956 by martial law imposing [[summary execution]]s<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/#!DetalleNormaBusquedaAvanzada/10912548/19560614 |title=Decreto Ley 10.363/1956 |volume=Nº 18,171 |pages=2 |journal=Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina}}</ref> and abolished on 13 June 1956.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saij.gob.ar/10593-nacional-lnn0023796-1956-06-13/123456789-0abc-defg-g69-73200ncanyel |title=Decreto Ley 10.593/1956 |publisher=Sistema Argentino de Información Jurídica}}</ref>
*Between 2 June 1970<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/#!DetalleNormaBusquedaAvanzada/7037247/19700603 |title=Ley 18,701 |volume=Nº 21,941 |pages=1 |journal=Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.saij.gob.ar/legislacion/ley-nacional-18701.htm?bsrc=ci |title=Ley 18.701 |publisher=Sistema Argentino de Información Jurídica}}</ref> and abolished on 27 May 1973.<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/#!DetalleNormaBusquedaAvanzada/7055068/19730528 |title=Ley 20.509 |volume=Nº 22,674 |pages=3 |journal=Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina}}</ref>
*Between 25 June 1976<ref>{{cite journal|url=https://www.boletinoficial.gob.ar/#!DetalleNormaBusquedaAvanzada/7069972/19760701 |title=Ley 21.338 |volume=Nº 23,438 |pages=2 |journal=Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina}}</ref> and finally abolished on 9 August 1984.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/verNorma.do?id=28066 |title=Ley 23,077 |publisher=InfoLEG}}</ref>
On 26 August 2008, a new Code of Military Justice was promulgated that abolished death penalty. The new Code came into effect six months later, on 26 February 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/verNorma.do?id=105438 |title=Ley 14,029 |publisher=InfoLEG}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/infolegInternet/verNorma.do?id=143873 |title=Ley 26,394 |publisher=InfoLEG}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|BHS}}
| style="text-align:center"|2000
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Bahamas}}Hanging. Death penalty for treason; piracy; murder. Currently no individual is under the sentence of death, as the last death sentence in the country was commuted in 2016.<ref name="ReferenceB"/> 
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|BRB}}
| style="text-align:center"|1984<ref name="richard-clark"/>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|Death penalty for murder; terrorism; participating in a mutiny; treason and espionage.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Barbados |title=The Death Penalty in Barbados |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=10 August 2017 |archive-date=13 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180913002839/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Barbados |url-status=dead}}</ref> Presently under review before the [[Inter-American Commission on Human Rights|IACHR]]{{citation needed|date=September 2015}} despite strong national support.<ref>{{cite news |title=Hang them! |url=http://www.nationnews.com/articles/view/hang-them/ |newspaper=[[The Daily Nation (Barbados)|Nation Newspaper]] |date=10 October 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120125051317/http://www.nationnews.com/articles/view/hang-them/ |archive-date=25 January 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=A Guy's View: To hang or not to hang |author=Guyson Mayers, R.E. |url=http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=regional&NewsID=12847 |newspaper=[[The Barbados Advocate]] |date=19 September 2010 |access-date=22 December 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120311121142/http://www.barbadosadvocate.com/newsitem.asp?more=regional&NewsID=12847 |archive-date=11 March 2012}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|BLZ}}
| style="text-align:center"|1985<ref name="richard-clark"/>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|Death penalty for murder, except where extenuating circumstances can be proved,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/AMR16/002/2001 |title=Belize: Death Penalty, Gilroy "Hooty" Wade, Oscar "Negro" Catzim Mendez, Glenford Baptist |publisher=Amnesty International |date=20 November 2001 |access-date=9 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091126043936/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/AMR16/002/2001 |archive-date=26 November 2009}}</ref> aggravated murder, war crimes, crimes against humanity, genocide, some military offences and treason.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Belize |title=The Death Penalty in Belize |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=10 August 2017 |archive-date=9 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190509011633/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=belize |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|BOL}}
| style="text-align:center"|1973<ref>[http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001622 "The Constitution of the Republic of Bolivia said..."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524003430/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001622 |date=2011-05-24}}, 2008-01-01, abolished for ordinary crimes{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} in peacetime handsoffcain.info, accessed 2008-08-08.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2009
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Bolivia}}Abolished for ordinary crimes{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} in 1997. "The death penalty does not exist" (Article 15).
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|BRA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1876
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A (Military)<br />1978 (Civilian)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Brazil}}Hanging (in the past, for civil offences), firing squad (military offences). Brazil has always maintained the death penalty in wartime as part of its Military Code but, after Brazil became a Republic in 1889, capital punishment for civil offenses or for military offences committed in peacetime was abolished by the first republican Constitution, adopted in 1891. The penalty for crimes committed in peacetime was then reinstated during two periods (from 1938 to 1946 and from 1969 to 1978), but on those occasions it was restricted to acts of terrorism or subversion considered "internal warfare".<ref name="Lei 6620">{{cite web |url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/CCIVIL/LEIS/1970-1979/L6620.htm |title=Law 6620, 17 December 1978 |publisher=Presidency of Brazil |language=pt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080416164224/http://www.planalto.gov.br/CCIVIL/LEIS/1970-1979/L6620.htm |archive-date=16 April 2008}}</ref><ref name="Decreto-Lei 431">{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/Decreto-Lei/1937-1946/Del0431.htm |title=Law Decree 431, 18 May 1938 |access-date=3 February 2009 |publisher=Presidency of Brazil |language=pt}}</ref><ref name="Lei 1802">{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/LEIS/1950-1969/L1802.htm#art47 |title=Law 1802, 5 January 1953 |access-date=3 February 2009 |publisher=Presidency of Brazil |language=pt}}</ref><ref name="Decreto-Lei 898">{{cite web|url=http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil/Decreto-Lei/1965-1988/Del0898.htm |title=Law Decree 898, 29 September 1969 |publisher=Presidency of Brazil |language=pt |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429043946/http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil/Decreto-Lei/1965-1988/Del0898.htm |archive-date=29 April 2009}}</ref> 
The current [[Constitution of Brazil]] (1988) expressly forbids the use of capital punishment, except for military offences committed during a war duly declared by Congress.<ref name="Brazilian Embassy UK">{{cite web |url=http://www.brazil.org.uk/humanrights/deathpenalty.html |title=Death penalty in Brazil |access-date=3 February 2009 |publisher=Brazilian Embassy in London |year=2002 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090225193317/http://www.brazil.org.uk/humanrights/deathpenalty.html |archive-date=25 February 2009}}</ref> The last person to suffer the death penalty in Brazil was executed in 1876, during the Imperial era. After 1876, Emperor Pedro II adopted in practice an abolitionist policy, by directing that all death sentences be submitted by the Courts to the Imperial Government for examination regarding commutation (even without a request for pardon or commutation from the person condemned), and by granting commutations for all death sentences that were passed. For more information see [[Capital punishment in Brazil]].
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CAN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1962
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1999
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Canada}}Abolished in 1976 for murder, treason, and piracy (last execution in 1962, last sentence in 1976); abolished 1999 for military offences (last execution in 1945).
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|CHL}}
| style="text-align:center"|1985
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A (Military)<br />2001 (Civilian)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Chile}}[[Shooting]]. Death penalty remains applicable to military personnel for war crimes and crimes against humanity during wartime. Abolished for all other cases in 2001.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|COL}}
| style="text-align:center"|1907<ref>[http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001626 "Colombia abolished the death penalty in 1910"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120212124921/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001626 |date=12 February 2012}}, 2008-01-01, handsoffcain.info, accessed 2008-08-08.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1910
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Colombia}}Abolished in 1910 by Constitutional reform. Prohibited by the [[Colombian Constitution of 1991]]: "The right to life is inviolable. There will be no death penalty."
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CRI}}
| style="text-align:center"|1859<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bestwesterncostarica.com/tourist_pura_human.html |title=Tourist information |publisher=Best Western |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040614122717/http://www.bestwesterncostarica.com/tourist_pura_human.html |archive-date=14 June 2004}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1877
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Costa Rica}}Abolished 1877 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|CUB}}
| style="text-align:center"|2003<ref>{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/2941041.stm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030422020538/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/2941041.stm | url-status=dead | archive-date=22 April 2003 | work=BBC News | title=Cuba ferry hijackers executed | date=11 April 2003}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Cuba}}Firing squad. Death penalty for murder, attempted murder, hijacking, acts of terrorism, treason, espionage,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Cuba |title=The Death Penalty in Cuba |work=deathpenaltyworldwide.org |access-date=6 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182514/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Cuba |url-status=dead}}</ref> political offenses,{{clarify|reason=all political offenses or some?|date=February 2015}} child rape, molestation of a child under 12 years of age with aggravating factors, rape of an adult with aggravating factors, rape of an adult that results in death, illness or grievous bodily harm, robbery with aggravating factors, drug offenses, production of child pornography, child trafficking, child prostitution, child corruption, piracy, working as a mercenary, apartheid, genocide, pedophilia. While there have been no executions since 2003, and the last death sentences were commuted by the Supreme Court in 2010, with nobody sentenced to death since then, there is no formal or informal moratorium or abolitionist policy, making the country still retentionist.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/americas/cuba/|title=Cuba Archives}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Frank |first=Marc |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN28211608 |title=Cuba's Raul Castro commutes most death sentences |work=Reuters |date=28 April 2008 |access-date=9 February 2013 |archive-date=13 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130313170924/http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/04/29/idUSN28211608 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://dpw.pointjupiter.co/country-search-post.cfm?country=Cuba |title=Death Penalty Database |access-date=1 February 2021 |archive-date=17 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210117131935/https://dpw.pointjupiter.co/country-search-post.cfm?country=Cuba |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|DMA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1986
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|Executions by [[hanging]]. Death penalty for aggravated murder and treason.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Dominica|title=The Death Penalty in Dominica|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=12 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160415/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DDominica|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|DOM}}
| style="text-align:center"|1966
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1966
|Abolished 1966 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ECU}}
| style="text-align:center"|1884
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1906
|Abolished 1906 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|SLV}}
| style="text-align:center"|1973
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A (Military)<br />1983 (Civilian)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in El Salvador}}May be imposed only in cases provided by military laws during a state of international war.<ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500092005">{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ACT50/006/1996 |title=Constitutional prohibitions of the death penalty |publisher=[[Amnesty International]] |date=31 May 1996 |access-date=9 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130202014248/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ACT50/006/1996 |archive-date=2 February 2013}}</ref> Abolished for other crimes 1983.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|GRD}}
| style="text-align:center"|1978<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://face2faceafrica.com/article/meet-maurice-bishop-grenadas-cherished-revolutionary-leader-and-president-who-was-executed-in-1983|title=Meet Maurice Bishop, Grenada's cherished revolutionary leader and president who was executed in 1983|date=29 May 2018|website=Face2Face Africa|language=en|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Grenada}}
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|GTM}}
| style="text-align:center"|2000<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/amr34/023/2000/en/ |title=Guatemala: Death Penalty/imminent execution |publisher=Amnesty International |date=19 June 2000 |access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A (Military)<br />2017 (Civilian)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Guatemala}}[[Lethal injection]]. Until 2017, death penalty for murder, espionage, treason, drug trafficking, kidnapping, torture, and terrorism. Abolished for civil cases in 2017.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|GUY}}
| style="text-align:center"|1997
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Guyana}}Death penalty for terrorist acts;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.amnesty.org/report2004/guy-summary-eng |title=Annual Report 2004 – Guyana |publisher=Amnesty International |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040815045107/http://web.amnesty.org/report2004/guy-summary-eng |archive-date=15 August 2004}}</ref> murder, treason and armed robbery, piracy, drug trafficking, and terrorist offences resulting in death. While the constitution states that the death penalty is not a mandatory punishment, many provisions of the criminal code suggests that the death penalty may be mandatory for these crimes as no alternatives to such sentence of death is found under any law.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|HTI}}
| style="text-align:center"|1972
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1987
|Abolished 1987 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|HND}}
| style="text-align:center"|1940
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1956
|Abolished 1956 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|JAM}}
| style="text-align:center"|1988<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.amnesty.org/report2004/jam-summary-eng |title=Annual Report 2004 – Jamaica |publisher=Amnesty International |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040815050226/http://web.amnesty.org/report2004/jam-summary-eng |archive-date=15 August 2004}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Jamaica}}Death penalty for murder.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.santegidio.org/pdm/news2004/pdm20040717_b.htm |title=No to the Death Penalty |publisher=Community of Sant'Egidio |access-date=9 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120418132508/http://www.santegidio.org/pdm/news2004/pdm20040717_b.htm |archive-date=18 April 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MEX}}
| style="text-align:center"|1961 – Military<br />1957 – Civilian
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2005
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Mexico}}Abolished for all crimes in 2005.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/7553633.stm |work=BBC News | title=Mexican fury grows at kidnappings | date=11 August 2008 | access-date=27 March 2010 | first=Duncan | last=Kennedy}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|NIC}}
| style="text-align:center"|1930
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1979
|Abolished 1979 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|PAN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1903<ref>[http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001642 "The Constitution of the Republic of Panama (1972) at Art. 3 states..."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524003206/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001642 |date=2011-05-24}}, 2008-01-01, handsoffcain.info, accessed 2008-08-08.</ref><br />{{Better source needed|date=June 2024}}
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1918<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Cunningham |first=C. H. |date=1920 |title=News and Notes |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/42883900 |journal=The Southwestern Political Science Quarterly |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=48 |jstor=42883900 |issn=2374-1295}}</ref>
|Abolished 1918 with amendments to the Constitution. In 1909, Adolphus Coulson was executed in the [[Panama Canal Zone]], which was under U.S. jurisdiction.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-08-15 |title=Looking for an Ancestor in the Panama Canal Zone, 1904-1914 |url=https://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2007/fall/panama.html |website=National Archives |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|PRY}}
| style="text-align:center"|1917<ref>[http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001644 "The Constitution of Paraguay (1992) at Art. 4..."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305032954/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=10001644 |date=5 March 2016}}, 2008-01-01, handsoffcain.info, accessed 2008-08-08.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1992
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Paraguay}}Abolished 1992 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|PER}}
| style="text-align:center"|1979
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A (Military)<br />1979 (Civilian)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Peru}}Firing squad. Death penalty for treason; terrorism; espionage; genocide; mutiny; desertion in times of war.<ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500092005"/> Abolished for other crimes 1979.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|KNA}}
| style="text-align:center"|2008<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/AMR59/001/2008/en |title=St Kitts and Nevis: Execution is a shameless act |publisher=Amnesty International |date=22 December 2008 |access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Saint Kitts and Nevis}}Hanging. Death penalty for murder and treason.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|LCA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1995
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
| Hanging. Death penalty for murder; treason.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|VCT}}
| style="text-align:center"|1995
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|Death penalty for murder; treason.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SUR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1982
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2015<ref name="ReferenceC">{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/death-penalty/ |title=Death Penalty &#124; Amnesty International |publisher=Amnesty.org |access-date=25 April 2017}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Suriname}}Abolished 2015.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|TTO}}
| style="text-align:center"|1999
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Trinidad and Tobago}}Death penalty for murder; treason<ref>{{cite web |url=http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/V05/819/20/PDF/V0581920.pdf?OpenElement |title=Capital punishment and implementation of the safeguards guaranteeing protection of the rights of those facing the death penalty |publisher=United Nations Economic and Social Council |date=9 March 2005 |page=9 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150226013109/http://daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/V05/819/20/PDF/V0581920.pdf?OpenElement |archive-date=26 February 2015}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|USA}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref name="ReferenceA" />
| style="text-align:center"|22
| style="text-align:center"|N/A (Some states and territories have abolished the death penalty)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the United States}}{{See also|Capital punishment in American Samoa|Capital punishment in Puerto Rico}}Methods vary by state, federal, and military policy, but include [[lethal injection]], [[electric chair]], [[firing squad]], [[gas chamber]] and [[inert gas asphyxiation]]. Federal law provides the death penalty for many homicide-related crimes, espionage, treason, terrorism, murder, robbery (when it results in death), and extreme cases of drug trafficking (when it involves homicide).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/article.php?scid=29&did=192 |title=Federal Laws Providing for the Death Penalty |publisher=Death Penalty Information Center |access-date=13 July 2006 |archive-date=1 August 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080801195336/http://www.deathpenaltyinfo.org/article.php?scid=29&did=192 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Pinkard |first=Eric |url=https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay&crawlid=1&doctype=cite&docid=24+Vt.+L.+Rev.+1&srctype=smi&srcid=3B15&key=f248847387e0907bbaa818f45b826682 |title=The death penalty for drug kingpins: constitutional and international implications |journal=Vermont Law Review |date=Fall 1999 |quote=In 1994 Congress enacted the Federal Death Penalty Act (FDPA) with provisions permitting the imposition of the death penalty on Drug Kingpins. The FDPA is unprecedented in American legal history in that the death penalty can be imposed in cases where the Drug Kingpin does not take a human life. |access-date=31 December 2012 |archive-date=20 January 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170120172630/https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay |url-status=dead}}</ref> 27 of the 50 states currently have the death penalty, though some are under moratorium or have not conducted any executions in decades. Of the non-state territories, American Samoa still has capital punishment as a local statute,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=16309831 |title=American Samoa: Governor moves to repeal death penalty |publisher=Hands Off Cain |date=11 September 2012 |access-date=9 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140218222305/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=16309831 |archive-date=18 February 2014}}</ref> and the others have abolished it. The [[Supreme Court of the United States|Supreme Court]] has severely limited the crimes that the death penalty can be a punishment for. It has also abolished the death penalty for crimes committed by a person under the age of 18. Sentences of death may be handed down by a jury or a judge (upon a bench trial or a guilty plea).
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|URY}}
| style="text-align:center"|1902
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1907
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Uruguay}}Abolished by the "Law No. 3238" on 23 September 1907 and by the [[Constitution of Uruguay of 1918|Constitution of 1918]].
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|VEN}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1830
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1863
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Venezuela}}Abolished 1863 by Constitution.
|}

===Asia===
There are 42 [[member states of the United Nations|United Nations member states]] in Asia, and one [[United Nations General Assembly observers|observer state]]. Of these:

*26 (62%) maintain the death penalty in both law and practice.
*6 (13%) permit its use for ordinary crimes,{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} but have not used it for at least 10 years and are believed to have a policy or established practice of not carrying out executions.
*[[Capital punishment in Israel|1]] (2%) has abolished it for all crimes except those committed under exceptional circumstances (such as during war).
*10 (23%) have completely abolished it.

The information above does not include Taiwan, which is not a UN member. Taiwan practices the death penalty by shooting, and conducted one execution each in 2016, 2018, 2020 and 2025.{{citation needed|date=April 2023}}

Hong Kong and Macau are listed below (they abolished the death penalty before their handover to China), but they are not included in the figures above as they do not have UN membership separate from China. This makes China retentionist only in the mainland.{{citation needed|date=April 2023}}

On 25 July 2022, because of Myanmar's civil war between the military junta (who rule most areas of the country) and the civilian government it overthrew, the junta carried out executions making them the first executions since 1988, making the country retentionist in areas controlled by the [[Tatmadaw]]. Under the civilian government (who internationally and according to the UN remain the legal government) and in areas controlled by it the country continues to be abolitionist in practice.<ref name="Amnesty International">{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/07/myanmar-first-executions-in-decades-mark-atrocious-escalation-in-state-repression/|title=Myanmar: First executions in decades mark atrocious escalation in state repression|accessdate=25 July 2022|date=25 July 2022|publisher=[[Amnesty International]]}}</ref>

Iraq also has a regional variety of retentionism and abolitionism, as Iraqi Kurdistan is ''de facto'' abolitionist for ordinary crimes{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} due to a moratorium that has been in place since 2007. The rest of Iraq (the majority of the country) is fully retentionist.{{citation needed|date=April 2023}}

Indonesia has an informal moratorium and Malaysia a formal one, both in place since 2018. In April 2023, legislation abolishing the mandatory death penalty was passed in Malaysia.<ref name=abcapr2023/>

The countries in Asia that most recently abolished the death penalty are Kazakhstan (2021), Mongolia (2017), and Uzbekistan (2008).

In 2019, Asia had the world's five leading practitioners of capital punishment: China, Iran, North Korea, Saudi Arabia, and Vietnam. Executions in Asia in 2019: Bahrain (3), Bangladesh (2), China (1000+), Iran (256+), Japan (3), North Korea (Unknown), Pakistan (20+), Saudi Arabia (184+), Singapore (4), Syria (Unknown), Vietnam (Unknown), Yemen (7+).<ref name="deathpenaltyworldwide.org">{{Cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?139-9chk=on&hideinfo=on|title=Death Penalty Worldwide|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=28 June 2019|archive-date=27 April 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180427043301/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?139-9chk=on&hideinfo=on|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="amnesty.org"/>

{{legend|#FF0000|Maintain the death penalty in both law and practice}}
{{legend|#D59348|Abolished in practice (no execution in over 10 years and under a moratorium)}}
{{legend|#80E000|Abolished in law, except in exceptional circumstances, such as war}}
{{legend|#008080|Completely abolished}}
{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;" 
! '''Key'''
!{{center|'''Country'''}}
!'''Last execution'''
!'''Executions 2019'''
!'''Year abolished'''
!{{center|'''Notes'''}}
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagicon|Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan}} [[Afghanistan]] (Taliban government)
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref>{{Cite web |last=Faiez |first=Rahim |date=2024-02-26 |title=The Taliban hold another public execution as thousands watch at a stadium in northern Afghanistan |url=https://apnews.com/article/taliban-public-execution-convicted-man-fb6d07c01f304b97d16b1b505b98d422 |access-date=2024-02-26 |website=Associated Press}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Afghanistan}}Hanging; shooting; stoning.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/world-news/talibans-feared-ministry-of-virtue-and-vice-returns-in-afghanistan-know-what-s-it-all-about-101631613997599.html|title = Taliban to cut hands of thieves, reveals punishment for 'illegal intercourse'|date = 14 September 2021}}</ref> Taliban Shariah allows capital punishment for: murder if the family of the victim deems death to be the appropriate punishment;<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://phr.org/wp-content/uploads/1998/08/afghanistan-taliban-war-on-women-1998.pdf |title=The taliban's war on women |access-date=25 September 2021 |archive-date=12 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812221749/https://phr.org/wp-content/uploads/1998/08/afghanistan-taliban-war-on-women-1998.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref> terrorism-related offenses; treason; espionage; adultery; rape; child rape; homosexuality; sodomy; apostasy (unknown whether Muslims who do not pray five times a day are considered apostates); [[Blasphemy law in Afghanistan|blasphemy]]; and giving false witness resulting in the execution of an innocent.<ref name="The Death Penalty in Afghanistan">{{Cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Afghanistan|title=The Death Penalty in Afghanistan|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|language=en|access-date=4 December 2017|archive-date=14 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914020231/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Afghanistan|url-status=dead}}</ref>

Although playing music, singing, and dancing are officially punishable only by corporal punishment, there have been occasions where the Taliban executed people for these offenses nevertheless.<ref name="nypost.com">{{Cite web|url=https://nypost.com/2021/08/30/afghan-folk-singer-fawad-andarabi-killed-by-taliban-for-playing-music/|title = Taliban execute folk singer days after saying music is 'forbidden,' family says|date = 30 August 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://abcnews.go.com/International/taliban-behead-17-singing-dancing/story?id=17084797|title = Taliban Behead 17 for Singing and Dancing|website = [[ABC News (United States)|ABC News]]}}</ref>

Children as young as 10 years old have been executed by the Taliban for helping Afghan allies,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://eu.usatoday.com/story/opinion/voices/2021/09/09/afghanistan-taliban-killing-people/5772708001/|title=Afghan allies in hiding, executed in the street — Jewish people know this haunting story}}</ref> a pregnant police officer was also executed.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/world/taliban-murder-pregnant-policewoman-banu-negar-afghanistan-b953797.html|title = Taliban murder pregnant policewoman in front of husband and children|date = 6 September 2021}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|BHR}}
| style="text-align:center"|2019<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Fox |first1=Kara |last2=Timm-Garcia |first2=Jaide |date=27 July 2019 |title=Bahrain executes three men the day after US reinstates federal death penalty |url=https://www.cnn.com/2019/07/27/middleeast/bahrain-executions-intl/index.html |access-date=29 July 2019 |website=CNN}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|3
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{anchor|Bahrain}} Hanging and firing squad are used. Death penalty for premeditated murder; aggravated murder; rape, sexual assault or statutory rape; kidnapping; rape of child; arson; assault; deliberately obstructing funerals or memorial services; certain crimes against property, transportation or agriculture under aggravating circumstances; terrorism; plotting to topple the regime; collaborating with a foreign hostile country; threatening the life of the Emir; defiance of military orders in time of war or [[martial law]]; perjury causing wrongful execution; treason; drug trafficking and espionage.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Bahrain |title=The Death Penalty in Bahrain |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182312/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Bahrain |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|BGD}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{Cite web |title=Executions worldwide this month |url=http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/feb23.html |access-date=2023-07-11 |website=www.capitalpunishmentuk.org}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|1
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Bangladesh}}Hanging. Death penalty for murder;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.zeenews.com/links/articles.asp?aid=212318&sid=SAS |title=MP murder case: Bangla court awards death penalty to 22 |publisher=Zee News}}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> drug offences;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.smartraveller.gov.au/zw-cgi/view/Advice/Bangladesh |title=Bangladesh – Laws |publisher=Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade |access-date=9 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130117224312/http://smartraveller.gov.au/zw-cgi/view/Advice/Bangladesh |archive-date=17 January 2013}}</ref> kidnapping and trafficking in children for immoral or illegal purposes; human trafficking; kidnapping a person (especially children or women) to force him/her to engage in prostitution and expose him/her to sexual exploitation/slavery; terrorism; rape; armed robbery; sedition; sabotage; [[Aircraft hijacking|hijacking planes]]; military offences such as abetting mutiny, cowardice or desertion; attempted dowry murder; abetting or conspiring to commit capital offenses; perjury causing wrongful execution; espionage;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Bangladesh |title=The Death Penalty in Bangladesh |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=1 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001113726/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Bangladesh |url-status=dead}}</ref> treason<ref>{{cite web |url=https://2001-2009.state.gov/g/drl/rls/hrrpt/2003/27944.htm |title=2003 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices – Bangladesh |publisher=United States Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor |date=25 February 2004 |access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref> and war crimes.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|BTN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1974<ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500012005"/>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2004
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Bhutan}}
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|BRU}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1984 (1957, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Brunei}}[[Hanging]] is used. Last execution when a protectorate of Britain was in 1957. Death penalty for murder; unlawful possession of firearms and explosives; possession of heroin or morphine of more than 15&nbsp;grams, cocaine of more than 30&nbsp;grams, cannabis of more than 500&nbsp;grams, syabu or methamphetamine of more than 50&nbsp;grams, or opium of more than 1.2&nbsp;kg;<ref name="statebrunei">{{cite web |url=https://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/brunei.html |title=Brunei – Country Specific Information |publisher=United States Bureau of Consular Affairs |access-date=9 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413004851/http://travel.state.gov/content/passports/english/country/brunei.html |archive-date=13 April 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref> terrorism; abetting the suicide of a person unable to give legal consent; arson; kidnapping; abetting a successful mutiny; treason and perjury resulting in the conviction of an innocent defendant of a capital offense.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Brunei |title=The Death Penalty in Brunei |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=24 August 2017 |archive-date=13 May 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170513114238/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Brunei |url-status=dead}}</ref> A new penal code was introduced in April 2014 and introduced the death penalty for male same-sex adultery if one of the parties is Muslim (by stoning); rape; adultery; apostasy; [[sodomy]]; extramarital sexual relations for Muslims; insulting any verse of the Quran and Hadith; blasphemy and declaring oneself a prophet or non-Muslim.<ref name="statebrunei" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/15/brunei-gay-sex-law_n_5154960.html|title=Brunei Law To Allow Death By Stoning For Gay Sex|work=The Huffington Post|access-date=28 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170425024514/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/04/15/brunei-gay-sex-law_n_5154960.html|archive-date=25 April 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|KHM}}
| style="text-align:center"|1989
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1989
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Cambodia}}Abolished in 1989 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flag|China|China}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{Cite news |author= |date=February 5, 2024 |title=故意杀人犯张克平被执行死刑 |trans-title=Intentional murderer Zhang Keping was executed |url=https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1790016516126632373&wfr=spider&for=pc&searchword=%E9%9D%92%E6%B5%B7%E5%BC%A0%E5%85%8B%E5%B9%B3%E6%89%A7%E8%A1%8C%E6%AD%BB%E5%88%91 |accessdate=February 5, 2024 |work=Guangming.com |language=zh-cn}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|1000+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in China}}Shooting ([[firing squad]]); lethal injection. On 25 February 2011, China's newly revised Criminal Law reduced the number of crimes punishable by death by 13, from 68 to 55.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php |title=Saudi Arabia: Man beheaded after 30 yrs on death row |publisher=Hands Off Cain |date=5 February 2013 |access-date=9 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130115014622/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php |archive-date=15 January 2013}}</ref>{{failed verification|reason=Statement is not in the source.|date=April 2019}} Laws allow capital punishment for severe cases of embezzlement; rape (particularly of children); severe cases of fraud; bombing; [[flood]]ing; [[riot]]ing under aggravating circumstances; [[separatism]]; [[rebellion|armed rebellion]]; [[collaborationism]]; [[political dissent|political dissidence]]; [[subversion]]; [[terrorism]]; spreading poisons/hazardous substances; people trafficking; forcing a person to engage in prostitution (especially children, often after kidnapping or rape); piracy; theft; drug trafficking; [[corruption]]; arson; aggravated assault; [[aircraft hijacking]] resulting in death; producing or selling tainted food or fake medicine resulting in death or serious medical injury; participating in an armed prison riot or jailbreak; murder; aggravated murder; [[burglary]]; kidnapping; robbery; armed robbery; espionage; treason; poaching; military offences (like [[insubordination]], [[cowardice]]); sabotaging electricity, gas, fuel, petroleum, weapons, flammables, explosives and military communications/installations; illegal possession, transport, smuggling, or selling of explosives or firearms; illegally manufacturing, selling, transporting or storing hazardous materials; trafficking or smuggling nuclear materials and endangerment of national security. Even the higher sections of Chinese society are not exempt from the death penalty, as billionaire [[Liu Han]] was executed 9 February 2015.<ref name="smh.com.au">{{cite news|last=Blanchard |first=Ben |url=http://www.smh.com.au/world/chinese-billionaire-mining-tycoon-liu-han-is-executed-over-his-links-to-a-mafiastyle-gang-20150209-139w2z.html |title=Chinese billionaire mining tycoon Liu Han is executed over his links to a 'mafia-style' gang |newspaper=Smh.com.au |date=9 February 2015 |access-date=9 April 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/asa17/003/2004/en/ |title=People's Republic of China: Executed "according to law"? The death penalty in China |publisher=Amnesty International |date=22 March 2004 |access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|TLS}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 2002
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2002<ref name="East Timor">{{cite web |url=http://timor-leste.gov.tl/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/Constitution_RDTL_ENG.pdf |title=Constitution of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste |publisher=Government of Timor-Leste |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in East Timor}}Death penalty suspended following UN administration in 1999 when still a province of Indonesia. Abolished by constitution 2002.<ref name="East Timor"/>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|HKG}}
| style="text-align:center"|1966
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1993
|{{main|Capital punishment in Hong Kong}} It was last used in 1966 and abolished in 1993 by the then British colonial government.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|IND}}
| style="text-align:center"|2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.sky.com/story/india-executes-four-men-convicted-of-bus-gang-rape-and-murder-11960633|title=India executes four men convicted of bus gang rape and murder|website=Sky News}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in India}}[[Hanging]], [[Execution by shooting|shooting]] can be used in the military court-martial system. Death penalty for murder; instigating a minor's or a mentally ill's suicide; [[treason]]; terrorism; a second conviction for drug trafficking; [[aircraft hijacking]]; aggravated robbery; espionage; kidnapping; being a party to a criminal conspiracy to commit a capital offence; attempted murder by those sentenced to life imprisonment if the attempt results in harm to the victim; perjury causing wrongful execution;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=India |title=The Death Penalty in India |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=3 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181003152902/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=India |url-status=dead}}</ref> aggravated rape/gang-rape; drug smuggling under aggravated circumstances; abetting [[Sati (practice)|sati]], [[mutiny]] and its abetting; causing explosions which can endanger life or property and a few military offences like [[desertion]]. Military offences may be punished with a firing squad.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|IDN}}
| style="text-align:center"|2016
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Indonesia}}[[Firing squad]]. Death penalty for murder; high treason; espionage; some acts of corruption which damage national economy or finances; aggravated gang-robbery; extortion with force or threat of force; terrorism; some military offences; genocide; crimes against humanity; piracy resulting in death; drug trafficking and developing, producing, obtaining, transferring or using of chemical weapons. President [[Joko Widodo]] issued an informal moratorium on executions in 2018 due to outrage over the 2015 and 2016 executions, but there are no plans towards abolition<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thejakartapost.com/seasia/2019/04/11/15-foreigners-among-48-handed-death-penalty-last-year-amnesty.html|title=15 foreigners among 48 handed death penalty in Indonesia last year: Amnesty|website=The Jakarta Post}}</ref><ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500012005"/><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Indonesia |title=The Death Penalty in Indonesia |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=6 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182525/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Indonesia |url-status=dead}}</ref> 8 people including overseas nationals executed on 29 April 2015.<ref name="bbc 5368922">{{cite news | url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/5368922.stm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070328192859/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/5368922.stm | url-status=dead | archive-date=28 March 2007 | work=BBC News | title=Executions spark Indonesia unrest | date=22 September 2006 | access-date=2 May 2010}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|IRN}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref name="ReferenceA" />
| style="text-align:center"|256+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Iran}}[[Hanging]], [[Execution by shooting|shooting]] or [[stoning]]. Iran performs public executions. Iran is second only to China in the number of executions it carries out—executing hundreds every year.<ref name = BBCIran>{{cite web |url= https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-33635260|title= Iran executions see 'unprecedented spike' - Amnesty|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date= 23 July 2015|website= BBC News Middle East|publisher= British Broadcasting Corporation|access-date= 23 July 2015}} Amnesty International said there is credible information that at least 743 people were executed in Iran in 2014. Officially 239 people were executed in Iran in 2014.</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/bancadati/index.php?tipotema=arg&idtema=15000608 |title=Executions in 2009 |publisher=Hands Off Cain |access-date=9 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120319005630/http://www.handsoffcain.info/bancadati/index.php?tipotema=arg&idtema=15000608 |archive-date=19 March 2012}}</ref> Current laws allow the death penalty for murder; armed robbery; drug trafficking; [[kidnapping]]; [[rape]]; [[burglary]]; child molestation; [[sodomy]]; homosexuality; incestuous relations; fornication; prohibited sexual relations; sexual misconduct; prostitution;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/iran.htm |title=Iran - Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution |access-date=28 October 2017 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141008164248/http://www.uri.edu/artsci/wms/hughes/iran.htm |archive-date=8 October 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/bancadati/asia-middle-east-australia-and-oceania/iran-30000275 |title=NTC - Bancadati. Iran |publisher=Hands Off Cain |access-date=28 October 2017}}</ref> rebellion; plotting to overthrow the Islamic regime; [[political dissent|political dissidence]]; sabotage; [[arson]]; espionage; treason; terrorism; joining the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]]; certain military offenses (e.g. cowardice, assisting the enemy); apostasy; adultery; blasphemy; counterfeiting; smuggling; speculating; disrupting production; recidivist theft; extortion; immoral attitude; recidivist consumption of alcohol; producing or preparing food, drink, cosmetics or sanitary items that lead to death when consumed or used; producing and publishing [[pornography]]; using pornographic materials to solicit sex; recidivist false accusation of capital sexual offenses causing execution of an innocent person;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Iran|title=The Death Penalty in Iran|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=5 August 2017|archive-date=7 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190407144305/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3Diran|url-status=dead}}</ref> "enmity against God" and "corruption on earth." Secret executions are widespread in the country, so that exact numbers for each year are difficult to obtain and different figures are provided by various organizations.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|IRQ}}
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref>https://www.telegraph.co.uk/global-health/terror-and-security/global-executions-highest-level-in-a-decade/</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|46+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Iraq}}[[Hanging]]. Death penalty for murder; endangering national security; distributing drugs; rape; incest; espionage; treason;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Iraq |title=The Death Penalty in Iraq |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=13 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713203648/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Iraq |url-status=dead}}</ref> joining the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]]; robbery; armed robbery; theft; burglary; kidnapping; attacks on transport convoys; arson; [[riot]]ing; killing police guards and military officers; intentionally causing a flood or attempting to cause a flood; damaging or sabotaging public structures; war crimes, crimes against humanity; genocide; financing and execution of terrorism.<ref>{{cite news |last=Baker |first=Luke |url=http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?sf=2813&art_id=qw1091976122311B262 |title=Iraq reimposes death penalty |publisher=IOL News |date=8 August 2004 |access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref> Suspended in June 2003 after [[2003 invasion of Iraq|2003 invasion]]; reinstated August 2004.<ref>{{cite news |last=Shumway |first=Chris |url=http://newstandardnews.net/content/?action=show_item&itemid=799 |title=Human rights groups condemn Iraq's death penalty decision |work=The New Standard |date=10 August 2004 |access-date=9 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170424173940/http://newstandardnews.net/content/?action=show_item&itemid=799 |archive-date=24 April 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/06/06/1086460170489.html |title=Iraq to restore death penalty |work=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=7 June 2004 |access-date=9 February 2013}}</ref> A total of 447 people were executed between then and the end of March 2013, with 129 in 2012 alone.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aina.org/news/20130402153704.htm|title=4 Al Qaeda Leaders Executed in Iraq|access-date=28 July 2015|archive-date=12 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712054831/http://www.aina.org/news/20130402153704.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Iraqi Kurdistan]] is abolitionist in practice for all ordinary crimes{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} (remains retentionist for crimes in exceptional cases) since a moratorium has been in place since when Kurdistan president [[Masoud Barzani]] issued it in 2007.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/12072019 |title=Kurdistan Region debates merit, ethics of using the death penalty}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#80e000"|
|{{flagcountry|ISR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1962
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1954 (civilian) <br /> N/A (military)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Israel}}[[Hanging]]; [[firing squad]]. Death penalty for [[crimes against humanity]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.israellawcenter.org/news111402.shtml |title=Should those who assist suicide bombers be given the death penalty? |work=The Jerusalem Report |date=18 November 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050406025426/http://www.israellawcenter.org/news111402.shtml |archive-date=6 April 2005}}</ref> high treason, genocide, and crimes against the Jewish people during wartime. Only two executions since independence in 1948: accused traitor [[Meir Tobiansky]] (posthumously acquitted) and [[Holocaust]] architect [[Adolf Eichmann]] (last execution in 1962).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.faz.net/1.5347505|title=Gesetzesinitiative: Israel will Todesstrafe für Terroristen einführen|journal=Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung|access-date=28 June 2019|language=de|issn=0174-4909}}</ref> Abolished for other crimes 1954.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|JPN}}
| style="text-align:center"|2022<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2022/07/26/national/crime-legal/tomohiro-kato-akihabara-execution/|title =Assailant in Tokyo's Akihabara fatal rampage executed
|date = 26 July 2022}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|3
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Japan}}[[Hanging|Long-drop hanging]]. Death penalty for murder; treason and crimes against the State. There are seven detention centres where execution is carried out - [[Tokyo Detention House|Tokyo]], [[Osaka Detention House|Osaka]], [[Nagoya Detention House|Nagoya]], [[Sendai Detention House|Sendai]], [[Fukuoka Detention House|Fukuoka]], [[Hiroshima Detention House|Hiroshima]] and [[Sapporo Detention House|Sapporo]].
Judges usually impose death penalty in case of multiple homicides; death sentence for a single murder is not particularly common. Between 1946 and 2003, 766 people were sentenced to death, 608 of whom were executed. For 40 months from 1989 to 1993 successive ministers of justice refused to authorise executions, which amounted to an informal moratorium. No execution in 2020 (first time in nine years).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20201229/p2a/00m/0na/011000c|title=No death penalties carried out in Japan in 2020 for first time in 9 years|date=29 December 2020|newspaper=Mainichi Daily News}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|JOR}}
| style="text-align:center"|2021<ref>{{cite web | url=https://gulfnews.com/world/mena/jordanian-executed-by-hanging-for-burning-wife-to-death-1.81303112 | title=Jordanian executed by hanging for burning wife to death| date=4 August 2021}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Jordan}}[[Hanging]], [[shooting]]. Death penalty for some cases of terrorism, murder, aggravated murder, rape, aggravated robbery, drug trafficking, illegal possession and use of weapons, war crimes, espionage and treason.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Jordan |title=The Death Penalty in Jordan |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=25 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182535/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Jordan |url-status=dead}}</ref> Executions resumed in 2014 after a hiatus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/local/panel-examine-whether-reinstate-executions%E2%80%99#sthash.65nEtiGm.dpuf |title=Panel to examine whether to reinstate executions |publisher=Jordan Times |access-date=9 April 2016}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|KAZ}}
| style="text-align:center"|2003<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ACT50/007/2004/en |title=The Death Penalty Worldwide: Developments in 2003 |publisher=Amnesty International |date=5 April 2004 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2021<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.centralasiapost.com/kazakhstan-abolishes-capital-punishment-17-year-freeze/|title=Kazakhstan abolishes capital punishment after 17-year freeze|work=Central Asia Post|date=2 January 2021}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Kazakhstan}} Signed the [[Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]] in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2020/09/kazakhstan-takes-important-step-towards-abolishing-death-penalty/|title=Kazakhstan takes important step towards abolishing death penalty|website=www.amnesty.org|date=24 September 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://deathpenaltyinfo.org/news/kazakhstan-signs-global-treaty-to-abolish-death-penalty|title=Kazakhstan Signs Global Treaty to Abolish Death Penalty|website=Death Penalty Information Center}}</ref> Abolished in 2021.<ref name="auto"/>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|KWT}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-28 |title=Kuwait: Five hanged as Kuwait continues execution spree into second year |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2023/07/kuwait-five-hanged-as-kuwait-continues-execution-spree-into-second-year/ |access-date=2024-01-11 |website=Amnesty International}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Kuwait}}[[Hanging]]. Death penalty for drug trafficking; rape; murder; aggravated murder; kidnapping; piracy; torture; human trafficking; terrorism; certain military offences; national security crimes;<ref>{{cite web|url = http://248am.com/fajer/information/capital-punishment%E2%80%A8-in-kuwait/|title = Capital Punishment|date = 3 April 2013|access-date = 4 August 2015|website = 248am|publisher = Mark|last = Ahmed|first = Fajer|archive-date = 2 April 2019|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190402223236/https://248am.com/fajer/information/capital-punishment|url-status = dead}}</ref> espionage; treason and perjury causing execution of an innocent person.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Kuwait |title=The Death Penalty in Kuwait |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=12 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012022850/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Kuwait |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|KGZ}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1991
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2007
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Kyrgyzstan}}Kyrgyz authorities had extended a moratorium on executions each year since 1998. Abolished by constitution in 2007.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticle/2007/06/0907D477-B87B-4AFF-9A6B-116AF711B057.html |title=Kyrgyzstan Abolishes Death Penalty |publisher=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty |date=27 June 2007 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files_156/kyrgyzstan_396/abolition-of-the-death-penalty-by-kyrgyzstan-june-28-2007_9443.html |title=Abolition of the death penalty by Kyrgyzstan |date=28 June 2007 |publisher=France Diplomatie |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930062833/http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/country-files_156/kyrgyzstan_396/abolition-of-the-death-penalty-by-kyrgyzstan-june-28-2007_9443.html |archive-date=30 September 2007}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|LAO}}
| style="text-align:center"|1989
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Laos}}Death penalty for murder; hostage-taking; kidnapping; committing acts of robbery against the State or against "collective assets"; obstructing an officer in the performance of his public duties and causing his death or causing him physically disabled; trafficking in women or children resulting in death, lifetime incapacity or infection by HIV/AIDS of the victim; terrorism; drug trafficking; disrupting industry, trade, agriculture or other economic activities with the intent of undermining the national economy; drug possession; treason and espionage.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.amnesty.org/report2003/Lao-summary-eng |title=Annual Report 2003 – Laos |publisher=Amnesty International |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030705014254/http://web.amnesty.org/report2003/Lao-summary-eng |archive-date=5 July 2003}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Laos |title=The Death Penalty in Laos |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182359/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Laos |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348|
|{{flagcountry|LBN}}
| style="text-align:center"|2004<ref>{{cite news |url=https://archives.sundayobserver.lk/2004/01/18/wor05.html |title=Lebanon resumes executions after 5-year lull |work=Sunday Observer |location=Sri Lanka |date=18 January 2004 |access-date=10 February 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121016002441/http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2004/01/18/wor05.html |archive-date=16 October 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://worldcoalition.org/pays/lebanon/|title=Lebanon|access-date=7 April 2025|publisher=[[World Coalition Against the Death Penalty]]}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Lebanon}}[[Hanging]]; [[firing squad]]. Death penalty for murder;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/MDE18/001/2004/en |title=Lebanon: Further Information on Death penalty/imminent execution |publisher=Amnesty International |date=15 January 2004 |access-date=10 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131230105326/http://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/MDE18/001/2004/en |archive-date=30 December 2013}}</ref> aggravated murder; rape; child rape; terrorism; gang-robbery or gang-assault involving torture; arson against certain types of structures or sabotage of communications, transportation or industrial facilities causing death; aggravated assault involving torture; life-eligible crimes with recidivism; importing nuclear/toxic wastes; polluting rivers or waterways with harmful substances; some military offences (e.g. desertion); espionage and treason.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Lebanon |title=The Death Penalty in Lebanon |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182540/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Lebanon |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MAC}}
| style="text-align:center"|19th century
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1976
|{{main|Capital punishment in Macau}} It was last used in the 19th century and abolished in 1976 when Portugal abolished the death penalty on all its territories.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|MYS}}
| style="text-align:center"|2017<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/03/15/brothers-executed/|title=Brothers executed at Kajang Prison - Nation - The Star Online|website=www.thestar.com.my|date=15 March 2017 }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Malaysia}}[[Hanging]]. Death penalty for trafficking in dangerous drugs; discharging a firearm in the commission of a scheduled offense; accomplices in case of discharge of firearm; offenses against the [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]]'s person; murder; kidnapping; burglary; robbery; terrorism and treason. Discretionary for weapons trafficking; abetting mutiny; perjury causing wrongful execution;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Malaysia |title=The Death Penalty in Malaysia |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=6 August 2017 |archive-date=12 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181012022855/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Malaysia |url-status=dead}}</ref> consorting with a person carrying or having possession of arms or explosives; waging or attempting to wage war or abetting the waging of war against the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, a Ruler or [[Yang di-Pertua Negeri]]<ref>{{cite news |last=Devaraj |first=Prema |url=http://aliran.com/archives/monthly/2003/6k.html |title=Is Capital Punishment Justified? |work=Aliran Monthly |year=2003 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> A plan to abolish the death penalty was revoked on 13 March 2019.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://en.qantara.de/content/malaysia-continues-to-grapple-with-death-penalty-abolition|title=Malaysia continues to grapple with death penalty abolition|date=10 April 2019 |access-date=10 February 2020}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |author=Heather Chen |title=Malaysia to abolish mandatory death penalty in move welcomed by rights campaigners |url=https://edition.cnn.com/2022/06/10/asia/malaysia-death-penalty-abolish-human-rights-intl-hnk/index.html |access-date=10 June 2022 |website=CNN|date=10 June 2022}}</ref> In April 2023, mandatory death penalty was abolished. A moratorium on executions remains, but execution remains legal.<ref name=abcapr2023/>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|MDV}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1965 (1952, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Maldives}}Last execution when a colony of Britain was in 1952. Death penalty for murder,<ref>{{cite web |last=Haleem |first=Adam |url=http://www.maldivesculture.com/maldives_murder01.html |title=Family demands death penalty |publisher=Maldives Culture |date=27 January 2002 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20020427194548/http://www.maldivesculture.com/maldives_murder01.html |archive-date=27 April 2002}}</ref> terrorism, treason, adultery and apostasy. 60-year moratorium lifted in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Maldives|title=The Death Penalty in Maldives|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|access-date=2 March 2017|archive-date=1 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181001113743/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Maldives|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MNG}}
| style="text-align:center"|2008
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2012
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Mongolia}}President [[Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj]] instituted a moratorium in 2010, systematically commuting all death sentences. On 5 January 2012, "a large majority of MPs" adopted a bill that aims to abolish the death penalty. After two years under the official moratorium, the [[State Great Khural]] formally signed the [[Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]].<ref>[https://www.amnesty.org/en/news/mongolia-takes-vital-step-forward-abolishing-death-penalty-2012-01-05 "Mongolia takes ‘vital step forward’ in abolishing the death penalty"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140725231159/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/mongolia-takes-vital-step-forward-abolishing-death-penalty-2012-01-05 |date=25 July 2014}}, Amnesty International, 5 January 2012</ref> This makes Mongolia abolitionist because under Article 1, paragraphs 1 and 2, of the Covenant, "No one within the jurisdiction of a State Party to the present Protocol shall be executed," and "Each State Party shall take all necessary measures to abolish the death penalty within its jurisdiction." Unlike in countries that retain capital punishment officially but have abolished it in practice, this made Mongolia abolitionist in both law and practice. However some dead laws that were still symbolically binding referenced capital punishment. These non-binding laws were removed from statutes by a 2015 Act, which took effect on 1 July 2016, making some people claim 2015 or 2016 as the year of de facto abolition.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bellware|first=Kim|date=2016-04-06|title=Worldwide Executions Surge To Highest Levels In 25 Years|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/global-death-penalty-2015_n_57040f0fe4b0daf53af13542|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-18|website=HuffPost|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306030735/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/global-death-penalty-2015_n_57040f0fe4b0daf53af13542 |archive-date=6 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/global-death-penalty-2015_us_57040f0fe4b0daf53af13542|title = Worldwide Executions Surge to Highest Levels in 25 Years|website = [[HuffPost]]|date = 6 April 2016}}</ref> Mongolia is one of the last [[Eastern Bloc]] states (not including Eastern Europe) to abolish the death penalty. Death penalty was formally abolished on 1 July 2017.<ref>[http://www.lemonde.fr/asie-pacifique/article/2017/07/07/apres-un-long-processus-la-mongolie-abolit-la-peine-de-mort_5156994_3216.html "Après un long processus, la Mongolie abolit la peine de mort"], ''[[Le Monde]]'', 7 July 2017</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|MMR}}
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref>https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/24/rights-groups-warn-myanmar-military-executing-more-anti-coup-activists</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|0
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Myanmar}}Death penalty for murder, terrorism, participating in a gang robbery if one of the robbers commits murder, abetting a successful mutiny, assault by a person under a life sentence causing harm, assault with the intention to murder causing only harm, perjury causing wrongful execution,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Myanmar |title=The Death Penalty in Myanmar |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182408/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Myanmar |url-status=dead}}</ref> high treason and drug trafficking.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.fidh.org/fr/themes/peine-de-mort/la-peine-de-mort-pour-les-crimes-lies-a-la-drogue-en-asie|title=La peine de mort pour les crimes liés à la drogue en Asie|website=Mouvement mondial des droits humains}}</ref>

Myanmar carried out no executions between 1988 and 2022; it is now retentionist again.<ref name="Amnesty International"/><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://dpw.pointjupiter.co/country-search-post.cfm?country=Myanmar|title=The Death Penalty in Myanmar|website=dpw.pointjupiter.co|access-date=30 November 2020|archive-date=4 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201104034938/https://dpw.pointjupiter.co/country-search-post.cfm?country=Myanmar|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{Cite web|url=https://www2.irrawaddy.com/article.php?art_id=118|title=A History of Capital Punishment in Burma|website=www2.irrawaddy.com}}</ref> While Myanmar courts do hand down death sentences ''pro forma'' in particularly egregious cases, most recently in the 2018 case of Myo Zaw Oo who was convicted of the rape and murder of a government worker,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/taxi-driver-sentenced-death-rape-murder-fda-worker.html|title=Taxi Driver Sentenced to Death for Rape and Murder of FDA Worker|date=22 June 2018|website=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> the sentences in practice are not carried out and are in effect life sentences. There have been three major amnesties (1989, 1993, 1997) in which the government commuted death sentences to life sentences or less, and simultaneously reduced life sentences to 10 years. However, prisoners held for political crimes, or crimes against the state are typically excluded from such amnesties.<ref name="auto2"/>

Prior to the military coup of 2021 Myanmar was regarded as "abolitionist in practice" by both Amnesty International<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/asia-and-the-pacific/myanmar/|title=Myanmar|website=www.amnesty.org}}</ref> and Death Penalty Watch.<ref name="auto3"/> This was jeopardised on 1 February 2021 when the [[Tatmadaw|military]] overthrew the democratic government in a coup. On 14 March, the military declared martial law in selected regions of two largest cities ([[Yangon]] and [[Mandalay]]) and furthermore announced the introduction of a suite of new laws and penalties for insurrection and protest, including capital punishment.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/03/16/martial-law-myanmar-death-knell-fair-trials#:~:text=Myanmar's%20military%20junta%20declared%20martial,several%20dozen%20Chinese%2Downed%20factories.&text=Military%20tribunals%20in%20Myanmar%20have%20a%20long%20and%20troubling%20history.|title = Martial Law in Myanmar a Death Knell for Fair Trials|date = 16 March 2021}}</ref> On 9 April 2021 state broadcaster Myawaddy TV announced that 23 protesters had been charged with murder, and pursuant to s496 of the criminal code, would face execution. The date of the execution was not announced, and it currently (as of 10 April) is unknown whether or how the sentences will be carried out. At least 17 of the convicted were tried ''in absentia''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Myanmar-Coup/Myanmar-tribunal-sentences-19-to-death-for-violence-toward-military|title=Myanmar tribunal sentences 19 to death for violence toward military|date = 10 April 2021}}</ref> and it is unclear how many have since been apprehended.

While this would put Myanmar in the "retentionist" category, the legitimacy of the military government and the recently imposed martial laws are contested by the deposed government (known as the [[National Unity Government of Myanmar|NUG]]) who claim sole legislative authority. The international community thus far have not decided whether the military junta or NUG is the legitimate government, and as such it is not clear whether these executions carried out by the military would be seen by the international community as lawful applications of the death penalty, or extrajudicial killings carried out by armed forces. Amnesty International now (2022) recognises Myanmar's retentionist status, but notes that "Following Myanmar military's issuance of Martial Law Order 3/2021, the authority to try civilians was transferred to special or existing military tribunals where individuals are tried through summary proceedings without right to appeal. These courts oversee a wide range of offences including those punishable with the death penalty. Under international law and standards, executions carried out following unfair trials violate the prohibition against arbitrary deprivation of life, as well as the absolute prohibition of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading punishment."<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/07/myanmar-first-executions-in-decades-mark-atrocious-escalation-in-state-repression/|title=Myanmar: First executions in decades mark atrocious escalation in state repression |date=25 July 2022}}</ref>

As of 3 June 2022, it was reported that a total of 113 people had been sentenced to death by the junta for their roles in the counter-military revolution.<ref name="irrawaddy">{{cite web|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/myanmar-junta-approves-death-sentences-for-two-anti-regime-activists.html|title = Myanmar Junta Approves Death Sentences for Two Anti-Regime Activists|date = 3 June 2022}}</ref> On the same date, the junta confirmed the death warrants of four of the prisoners Hla Myo Aung, Ko Aung Thura Zaw, the long-time democratic activist Ko Jimmy, and the rapper and former NLD lawmaker Ko Phyo Zeya Thaw.<ref name="irrawaddy" /> With the confirmation of the death warrant, responsibility to determine whether, how, and when to proceed to executions fell to the Prison Department.<ref name="irrawaddy" /> It was announced by the junta that the executions were carried out on 23 July 2022.<ref name="reuters">{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/myanmar-junta-execute-four-democracy-activists-state-media-2022-07-25/|title = Myanmar executes four democracy activists, drawing condemnation and outrage| website=[[Reuters]] |date = 25 July 2022}}</ref> As the military junta is not recognized by the UN, the seats at the UN seats continue to be filled by diplomats of the deposed government and because of this Myanmar for the first time voted in favour of abolition in the 2022 UN resolution on abolishing the death penalty.

Khit Thit Media reported via their Facebook page that the military handed down a further eleven death sentences on 30 November.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://m.facebook.com/story.php?story_fbid=pfbid02nRKCTGRx84G1y3qFCMACnDrBanwarvRRwDSAp733LhAYthphJ3vQJKmpJjCis6ZFl&id=385165108587508|title= Breaking News| website=[[Facebook]]| author=Khit Thit Media| date=1 December 2022}}</ref>

In addition, executions are carried out within the ''de facto'' autonomous [[Wa State]]. Wa state (officially the Wa Self-Administered Division) is nominally a semi-autonomous division located in two disconnected regions within Shan State. As such it is in principle subject to the laws, enforcement, and judicial system of Myanmar. However, in reality, the Wa State is controlled entirely by the [[United Wa State Army]] (UWSA) - an ethnic armed organisation (EAO) previously in open rebellion against the Myanmar government and military. While in recent years the UWSA has reached a détente with the Myanmar central authority, the Myanmar legal system does not apply in practice within Wa State. To wit, death sentences are handed down and carried out regularly, most recently in 2020.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.guancha.cn/politics/2020_05_19_550976.shtml|title=福建商人缅甸南邓开金店遭劫杀，3凶手在犯案11天后被枪决|website=www.guancha.cn}}</ref> Wa State imposes the death penalty only for murder<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/wa-authorities-say-two-men-executed-self-ruling-region.html|title=Wa Authorities Say Two Men Executed in Self-Ruling Region|date=14 March 2016|website=The Irrawaddy}}</ref> and executions are carried out by gunshot to the back of the head.

An other ''de facto'' autonomous region, Mong La (officially: Shan State Special region 4) on the Myanmar-Chinese border under the control of the [[National Democratic Alliance Army]] (NDAA) is also reputed to carry out executions much like Wa State.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.irrawaddy.com/news/burma/chinese-national-accused-of-murder-allegedly-executed-in-mong-la.html|title=Chinese National, Accused of Murder, Allegedly Executed in Mong La|date=3 February 2016|website=The Irrawaddy}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|NPL}}
| style="text-align:center"|1979
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1997
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Nepal}}The death penalty was abolished in 1946 for ordinary crimes{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} but was reinstated between 1985 and 1990 for cases of murder and terrorism.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-05-04|title=Down with the death penalty|url=https://kathmandupost.com/opinion/2018/05/04/down-with-the-death-penalty|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-18|website=Kathmandu Post |language=English|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200926211210/https://kathmandupost.com/opinion/2018/05/04/down-with-the-death-penalty |archive-date=26 September 2020}}</ref> Completely abolished since 1997 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|PRK}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jeong |first=Seo-yeong |date=January 23, 2025 |title=N. Korea executes nuclear power plant researchers over project failures |url=https://www.dailynk.com/english/n-korea-executes-nuclear-power-plant-researchers-over-project-failures/ |access-date=29 January 2025 |website=Daily NK}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|Unknown
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in North Korea}}Various methods are used, including the [[Execution by firing squad|firing squad]], [[hanging]] or [[decapitation]]. North Korea performs mainly private, but also performs some public executions. Current laws allow the death penalty for drug offences; plots against national sovereignty; circulating "harmful" information; [[political dissent|political dissidence]]; terrorism; espionage; treason against the Motherland or against the people; murder; murder of a North Korean police guard; watching South Korean and foreign websites, media or movies; listening to South Korean and foreign [[radio broadcast]]s; [[kidnapping]]; rape; assault; burglary; insubordination; inappropriate words; armed robbery; violation of [[Juche]] customs; human trafficking; illegal border crossing; committing massacres; bank robbery; [[grand theft]]; making illegal international calls without a phone card; producing and/or watching [[pornography]]; embezzlement; currency counterfeiting; black market smuggling/trafficking; damaging or deliberately destroying state property; destroying military facilities or technology; taking unauthorized photographs; unauthorized religious activity; returning home from foreign countries after becoming a defector and prostitution.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/kptoc.html#kp0162 |title=The Judiciary |work=North Korea: A Country Study |publisher=The Library of Congress |year=2009 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.munish.nl/pages/downloader?code=hrc01&comcode=hrc&year=2017 | title=The rights of prisoners in cases of capital punishment | publisher=Human Rights Council | first=Wietske | last=Anema}}</ref> There have been at least 64 carried out death sentences in 2016, and in 2017 five North Korean minister-level officials were executed; it is not known whether these officials were executed due to a judicial sentence or a direct order of Kim Jong-un.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=North+Korea|title=The Death Penalty in North Korea|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|language=en|access-date=4 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160432/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DNorth%2BKorea|url-status=dead}}</ref> No official numbers can be known because of the secrecy surrounding the topic of capital punishment within the state.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|OMN}}
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref>https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/8976/2025/en/</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Oman}}Death penalty for murder, drug trafficking, arson, piracy, terrorism, kidnapping, recidivism of aggravated offenses punishable by life imprisonment, leading an armed group that engages in spreading disorder (such as by sabotage, pillage or killing), espionage, treason and perjury causing wrongful execution.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Oman |title=The Death Penalty in Oman |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182607/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Oman |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://web.amnesty.org/web/ar2002.nsf/mde/oman |title=Annual Report 2002 – Oman |publisher=Amnesty International |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021113122632/http://web.amnesty.org/web/ar2002.nsf/mde/oman |archive-date=13 November 2002}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|PAK}}
| style="text-align:center"|2019<ref>{{Cite web|last=Philip|first=Snehesh Alex|date=2019-11-24|title=Pakistan hangs former brigadier for spying: Social media reports|url=https://theprint.in/world/pakistan-hangs-former-brigadier-for-spying-social-media-reports/325753/|access-date=2021-12-18|website=ThePrint|language=en-US}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|20+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Pakistan}}[[Hanging]]. Death penalty for murder, aggravated murder, drug smuggling, terrorism, arms trafficking, armed robbery resulting in death, certain military offenses (e.g. cowardice, assisting the enemy, abetting a successful mutiny), kidnapping, rape, gang rape, perjury in a capital case leading execution of an innocent person, hijacking, sabotage of the railway system, stripping a woman's clothes, a scheduled offence likely to create terror or disrupt sectarian harmony, acts to strike terror or create a sense of fear and insecurity resulting in death, unlawful assembly, treason, espionage, adultery, homosexuality and blasphemy.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Pakistan |title=The Death Penalty in Pakistan |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=27 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927054036/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Pakistan |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/death-penalty-offences/ |title=Death penalty offences |publisher=Human Rights Commission of Pakistan |access-date=8 October 2017 |archive-date=9 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009041601/http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/death-penalty-offences/ |url-status=dead}}</ref> Six-year moratorium lifted in 2014 after the [[2014 Peshawar school massacre|Peshawar school massacre]].
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|State of Palestine}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>https://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/world.html</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
| {{main|Capital punishment in the Gaza Strip}}[[Hamas]] performs vigilante public executions.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2017/5/25/hamas-kills-three-alleged-collaborators-in-public-execution|title=Hamas kills three alleged 'collaborators' in public execution|publisher=The New Arab|date=25 May 2017|access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/may/25/hamas-executes-three-men-gaza-mazen-faqha-killing-facebook|title=Hamas kills three men in execution partially streamed on Facebook|newspaper=The Guardian|date=25 May 2017|access-date=7 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/23/hamas-announces-public-executions-that-will-take-gaza-past-saudi/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/05/23/hamas-announces-public-executions-that-will-take-gaza-past-saudi/ |archive-date=12 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live|title=Hamas announces public executions that will 'take Gaza past Saudi Arabia'|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=23 May 2016|access-date=7 December 2017}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Indeed, suspected political dissidents, such as accused Israel collaborators, are frequently executed, often in the street or public squares in front of large crowd to serve as warnings for people, and sometimes without trial.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/articles/news/2014/08/hamas-must-end-summary-executions-informers-face-firing-squad/|title=Gaza: Hamas must end summary executions as 'informers' face firing squad|date=22 August 2014|access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> Death penalty for aggravated murder; murder; terrorism; treason; espionage; military offenses and some offenses resulting in death like vandalism; medical violations; felony; disobedience; violence or sedition.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://dpw.pointjupiter.co/country-search-post.cfm?country=Palestinian+Authority|title=The Death Penalty in Palestinian Authority|publisher=Death Penalty Database|access-date=2 January 2020|archive-date=25 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125144609/https://dpw.pointjupiter.co/country-search-post.cfm?country=Palestinian+Authority|url-status=dead}}</ref> The State of Palestine has ratified the [[Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-12&chapter=4&lang=en|title=United Nations Treaty Collection|website=treaties.un.org|access-date=13 September 2016|archive-date=4 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140104212752/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-12&chapter=4&lang=en|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|PHL}}
| style="text-align:center"|2000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/590220.stm|title=BBC News - ASIA-PACIFIC - Philippines execution first of millennium|website=news.bbc.co.uk}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2006
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Philippines}}Abolished in 1987 under the present [[Constitution of the Philippines|Constitution]], re-introduced in 1993, re-abolished on 24 June 2006 under [[Republic Acts of the Philippines|Republic Act]] No. 9346. The House of Representatives voted to reinstate the death penalty for drug crimes in March 2017,<ref>{{cite web|language=fr|title=Philippines. Vers la réintroduction de la peine de mort ?|url=https://www.courrierinternational.com/article/philippines-vers-la-reintroduction-de-la-peine-de-mort|website=courrierinternational.com|publisher=[[Courrier International]]|date=9 March 2017}}</ref> but it was stalled in the Senate.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://time.com/4694718/philippines-death-penalty-congress/|title=Philippine House Votes to Reimpose the Death Penalty|first=Joseph|last=Hincks|date=7 March 2017|magazine=Time}}</ref> 
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|QAT}}
| style="text-align:center"|2020<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://english.khabarhub.com/2020/21/98178/|title=Nepali man shot to death in Qatar as punishment for murder|date=21 May 2020}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Qatar}}Execution by [[Execution by firing squad|firing squad]]. Death penalty for espionage;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/MDE22/001/2002 |title=Qatar: Death Penalty, Firas Nassuh Salim Al-Majali |publisher=Amnesty International |date=28 October 2002 |access-date=10 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090620052028/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/MDE22/001/2002 |archive-date=20 June 2009}}</ref> threat to national security;<ref>{{cite news |last=Kiss |first=Jemima |url=http://www.journalism.co.uk/news/story1331.shtml |title=Crusading journalist wins case against Al-Jazeera |publisher=Journalism.co.uk |date=6 April 2005 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> apostasy (no recorded executions); homosexuality; blasphemy;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://end-blasphemy-laws.org/countries/middle-east-and-north-africa/qatar/|title=Qatar|website=End Blasphemy Laws}}</ref> murder; aggravated murder; violent robbery; arson; torture; kidnapping; terrorism; rape; drug trafficking; extortion by threat of accusation of a crime of honor; perjury causing wrongful execution and treason.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Qatar|title=The Death Penalty in Qatar|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=5 August 2017|archive-date=6 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170806140922/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Qatar|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|SAU}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{Cite web |author=Fatima |first=Sakina |date=March 7, 2024 |title=Saudi executes five Pakistanis for murder of Bangladeshi guard |url=https://www.siasat.com/saudi-executes-five-pakistanis-for-murder-of-bangladeshi-guard-2988131/ |archiveurl=https://archive.today/20240307171122/https://www.htsyndication.com/siasat-daily/article/saudi-executes-five-pakistanis-for-murder-of-bangladeshi-guard/79804929 |archivedate=March 7, 2024 |work=[[The Siasat Daily]]}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|184+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Saudi Arabia}}[[Decapitation]], [[Execution by firing squad|firing squad]], [[stoning]]. Saudi Arabia performs public executions. Current Islamic laws allow the use of capital punishment for many violent and nonviolent offenses which includes aggravated burglary, treason, espionage, as well as homosexuality, adultery; murder; blasphemy; apostasy;<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/news/saudi-arabia-five-beheaded-and-crucified-amid-disturbing-rise-executions-2013-05-21 | agency=Amnesty | title=Saudi Arabia: Five beheaded and 'crucified' amid 'disturbing' rise in executionsa | date=21 May 2013 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150130115304/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news/saudi-arabia-five-beheaded-and-crucified-amid-disturbing-rise-executions-2013-05-21 | archive-date=30 January 2015 | df=dmy-all}}</ref> drug trafficking; rape; armed robbery;<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/women-executed-by-sword-in-saudi-arabia/story-e6frfku0-1226165421702 | agency=Agence France-Presse | title=Women executed by sword in Saudi Arabia | date=13 October 2011 | work=AFP | access-date=13 October 2011 | archive-date=25 December 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225160536/https://www.news.com.au/breaking-news/women-executed-by-sword-in-saudi-arabia/news-story/0724ba883bccb0d25aa8a722efa5880e | url-status=dead}}</ref> some military offences; witchcraft; sexual misconduct and terrorism. Method most often used is beheading with a [[scimitar]], although the firing squad is sometimes used. Bodies may be put on public display.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|SGP}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025
| style="text-align:center"|[[Ahmed Salim (murderer)|1]]<ref>{{cite news|date=28 February 2024|title=Man who killed ex-fiancee is first person to be executed for murder in Singapore since 2019|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/courts-crime/man-who-killed-ex-fiancee-is-first-person-to-be-executed-for-murder-in-singapore-since-2019|work=The Straits Times}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Singapore}}[[Hanging]]. Death penalty for terrorism; murder; treason; perjury causing wrongful execution; kidnapping; certain firearm offenses; gang-robbery resulting in death; genocide; arms trafficking; piracy; attempted murder by a convict under a life sentence; drug trafficking in more than 15&nbsp;grams of heroin or morphine, 30&nbsp;grams of cocaine or 500&nbsp;grams of cannabis and some military offences.<ref>{{cite news |last=Tan |first=Amy |url=http://www.singapore-window.org/sw02/020412re.htm |title=Singapore death penalty shrouded in silence |agency=Reuters |date=12 April 2002 |access-date=10 February 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070902083312/http://www.singapore-window.org/sw02/020412re.htm |archive-date=2 September 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Singapore |title=The Death Penalty in Singapore |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=6 August 2017 |archive-date=13 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180713202545/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Singapore |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|KOR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1997<ref>{{Cite news |title=어이없고 해괴한 범죄 '사이코패시'족들! |trans-title=The outrageous and bizarre criminal 'psychopathic' people! |url=https://news.v.daum.net/v/20060323092612574 |newspaper=TV report |language=ko}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in South Korea}}[[Hanging]] and [[firing squad]]. Death penalty for murder (over two victims), aggravated murder, arson resulting in death, piracy, terrorism, kidnapping resulting in death, rape resulting in death, rebellion, drug trafficking, conspiracy with foreign countries, robbery-homicide, recidivist violent robbery and treason.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=South+Korea |title=The Death Penalty in South Korea |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=10 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191210074322/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=South+Korea |url-status=dead}}</ref> There has been an unofficial moratorium on executions since [[President of South Korea|President]] [[Kim Dae-jung]] took office in February 1998.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA25/003/2005 |title=South Korea: Death penalty abolition – historic opportunity |publisher=Amnesty International |date=19 April 2005 |access-date=10 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140609181616/http://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA25/003/2005 |archive-date=9 June 2014}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|LKA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1976
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Sri Lanka}}Death penalty for murder; treason; perjury causing an innocent person to be executed; rape; armed robbery; drug trafficking; kidnapping with the use of a gun; extortion committed with the use of a gun; human trafficking offenses committed with the use of a gun; attempting murder with the use of a gun; causing harm with the use of a gun; assault on a public servant with the use of a gun and some military offences.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Sri+Lanka |title=The Death Penalty in Sri Lanka |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=12 August 2017 |archive-date=1 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401190159/https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Sri+Lanka |url-status=dead}}</ref> Moratorium since 1976.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flag|Syria|revolution}}
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref>https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/8976/2025/en/</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|Unknown
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Syria}}[[Hanging]] is used for normal executions, and for military personnel, shooting is used. Syria performs public executions. Current laws allow the death penalty for treason; espionage; murder; arson resulting in death; attempting a death-eligible crime; recidivism for a felony punishable by forced labor for life; terrorism; political acts and military offences such as bearing arms against Syria in the ranks of the enemy, insubordination, rebellion, desertion of the armed forces to the enemy and acts of incitement under martial law or in wartime; violent robbery; subjecting a person to torture or barbaric treatment during the commission of gang-robbery; rape. Certain crimes are considered to deserve an automatic death sentence punishment: membership in the [[Muslim Brotherhood]]; joining the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]]; drug trafficking; [[political dissent|political dissidence]] and falsification of material evidence resulting in a third party being convicted for a drug offense and sentenced to death.<ref name="DPW Syria">{{cite web|url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Syria|title=The Death Penalty in Syria|publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide|access-date=17 August 2017|archive-date=13 October 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182628/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Syria|url-status=dead}}</ref> Extrajudicial killings are commonplace in Syria.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2012/04/09/syria-extrajudicial-executions|title=Syria: Extrajudicial Executions|date=9 April 2012}}</ref> Persons excused from death row are women with small children, pregnant women, the mentally ill, the intellectually disabled, and teenagers who committed the crime under the age of 18 at the time.<ref name="DPW Syria"/> Since the start of the civil war, it cannot be known clearly how many people have been put on death row. {{as of|2014}}, Syria did have an execution per capita rate of 1 for every 3,000,000 persons.<ref name="DPW Syria"/>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|TAI}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-01-16 |title= Man convicted of double murder to be executed tonight |url= https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/taiwan/archives/2025/01/16/2003830321 |website=Taipei Times}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Taiwan}}Gun shot to heart at close range with a single gun. Lethal injection is also a legal form of execution, although there are no known instances of it being used. The condemned person lies on a mattress where doctor marks where heart is; the executioner shoots at the marked place on the condemned back. Condemned are sedated prior to execution. If the condemned person decides to be an organ donor, then the shot is aimed to the rear of the head at the brain stem.<ref name="The Death Penalty in Taiwan">{{Cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Taiwan|title=The Death Penalty in Taiwan|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|language=en|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160412/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DTaiwan|url-status=dead}}</ref> Crimes punishable by death are: aggravated murder, murder, other offences resulting in death, drug trafficking, drug possession, treason, military offences, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and genocide.<ref name="The Death Penalty in Taiwan"/> Those excluded from capital punishment are: the elderly, pregnant women, women with small children, the mentally ill, and teenagers under the age of 18 at the time of the crime. {{as of|2006}}, the mandatory death penalty minimum was taken away. By the end of 2012, there were a recorded number of 120 prisoner executions. 
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|TJK}}
| style="text-align:center"|2004
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Tajikistan}}Firing squad. Death penalty for murder with aggravating circumstances; rape with aggravating circumstances; terrorism; [[biocide]]; genocide.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/49/topic/11 |title=Tajikistan: Death Penalty |publisher=Legislationline |access-date=10 February 2013 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225160419/https://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/49/topic/11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Moratorium introduced 30 April 2004 by President [[Emomali Rahmon]], which means instead of capital punishment, the individual shall receive a life in prison. Persons excluded from death row are: the elderly, women, pregnant women, intellectually disabled, the mentally ill, and teenagers who were under the age of 18 at the time of the crime.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Tajikistan|title=The Death Penalty in Tajikistan|website=www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org|language=en|access-date=7 December 2017|archive-date=20 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191220160433/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm%3Fcountry%3DTajikistan|url-status=dead}}</ref> 
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|THA}}
| style="text-align:center"|2018<ref name="voicetv">{{cite web |author= |date=18 June 2018 |title=ความตายในรอบ 9 ปี 'ราชทัณฑ์' ประหารชีวิตนักโทษชาย คดีฆ่าชิงทรัพย์ |trans-title=Death in 9 years as 'Corrections' executes male prisoners murder and robbery case |url=https://www.voicetv.co.th/read/Bk8HUEHWm |access-date=18 June 2018 |website=Voice TV |publisher=Voice Online Editorial Department |language=th |publication-place=Bangkok}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Thailand}}[[Lethal Injection]], Death penalty for 35 crimes including regicide; sedition or rebellion; offenses committed against the external security of Thailand; murder or attempted murder of a foreign head of state or a member of the royal family; bribery; high treason; espionage; terrorism acts; terrorism; arson; rape; murder; aggravated murder; drug trafficking; kidnapping; robbery resulting in death; certain military offences; illegal use of firearms or explosives. For a full list see [http://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/Thailand411-2.pdf here (PDF)]
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|TKM}}
| style="text-align:center"|1997
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1999
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Turkmenistan}}Abolished 1999 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|ARE}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref>{{Cite web |date=2025-03-04 |title=UP Woman Shahzadi Khan Executed In UAE |url=https://www.oneindia.com/india/up-woman-shahzadi-khan-executed-in-uae-without-keeping-indian-embassy-in-loop-family-alleges-injust-4085891.html?ref_source=OI-EN&ref_medium=Home-Page&ref_campaign=News-Cards |access-date=2025-03-04}}</ref> 
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the United Arab Emirates}}[[Execution by firing squad|Firing squad]]. The death penalty is rarely enforced, and is a legal form of punishment for murder; aggravated murder; drug trafficking;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=19304757&srcday=0&srcmonth=0&srcyear=0&mover= |title=United Arab Emirates (UAE) |publisher=Amnesty International |date=2 April 2002 |access-date=10 February 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305032037/http://www.handsoffcain.info/news/index.php?iddocumento=19304757&srcday=0&srcmonth=0&srcyear=0&mover= |archive-date=5 March 2016}}</ref> successfully inciting the suicide of a mentally ill person; arson resulting in death; kidnapping resulting in death; acts of indecent assault resulting in death; disposal of nuclear waste in the environment; rape of a minor; treason; apostasy; aggravated robbery; terrorism; joining the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]]; espionage and perjury causing wrongful execution.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://deathpenaltyworldwide.org/database/#/results/country?id=83 |title=The Death Penalty in United Arab Emirates |date=24 December 2019 |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=22 December 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=UAE new law: Life sentence for rape; can extend to death in case of minor victim |url=https://www.khaleejtimes.com/government/uae-new-law-life-sentence-for-rape-can-extend-to-death-in-case-of-minor-victim |access-date=2023-11-11 |website=Khaleej Times |language=en}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|UZB}}
| style="text-align:center"|2005<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/EUR62/005/2005/en |title=Uzbekistan: Further information on: Fear of imminent execution/torture and ill-treatment |publisher=Amnesty International |date=7 April 2005 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2008
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Uzbekistan}}[[President of Uzbekistan|President]] [[Islam Karimov]] signed a decree on 1 August 2005 that replaced the death penalty with life imprisonment on 1 January 2008<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislationline.org/legislation.php?tid=144&lid=4241&less=false |title=Presidential Decree on the abolition of the death penalty |publisher=Legislationline |date=19 August 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071028100531/http://www.legislationline.org/legislation.php?tid=144&lid=4241&less=false |archive-date=28 October 2007}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|VNM}}
| style="text-align:center"|2024<ref>https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/8976/2025/en/</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|Unknown
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Vietnam}}[[Lethal injection]]. Death penalty for treason; taking action to overthrow the government; espionage; rebellion; banditry; terrorism; sabotage; hijacking; destruction of national security projects; undermining peace; war crimes; crimes against humanity; manufacturing, concealing and trafficking in narcotic substances "in a manner contrary to state regulations when the offence is committed in particularly serious circumstances"; certain military offences; manufacturing or trading fake goods such as food or medicines; murder; rape; robbery; embezzlement; fraud and receiving bribes above a certain amount.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/ASA41/023/2003/en |title=Socialist Republic of Viet Nam: The death penalty – inhumane and ineffective |publisher=Amnesty International |date=27 August 2003 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Vietnam |title=The Death Penalty in Vietnam |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=17 August 2017 |archive-date=14 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914020718/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Vietnam |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|YEM}}
| style="text-align:center"|2025<ref name="ReferenceA"/>
| style="text-align:center"|7+
| style="text-align:center"|n/a
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Yemen}}Shooting, [[stoning]]. Yemen performs public executions. Current laws allow the death penalty for murder;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/MDE31/005/2005/en |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130414001700/http://www.amnesty.org/pt-br/library/info/MDE31/005/2005/en |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 April 2013 |title=Yemen: Further information on Imminent execution, Fuad 'Ali Mohsin al-Shahari |publisher=Amnesty International |date=6 April 2005 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> adultery;<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/library/info/MDE31/004/2004/en |title=Yemen: Further Information on: Death by stoning and flogging |publisher=Amnesty International |date=6 September 2004 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> homosexuality;<ref name="WorldSodomyLaws"/><ref name="glas.org signor">{{cite web |last=Signorile |first=Michelangelo |url=http://www.glas.org/ahbab/Articles/signor.htm |title=Hate Crimes: Like the Taliban, America's Middle East Allies Tyrannize Gays and Women |publisher=Gay and Lesbian Arabic Society |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref> apostasy<ref name="barnabasfund CMD"/> (no recorded executions); blasphemy;<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://end-blasphemy-laws.org/countries/middle-east-and-north-africa/yemen/|title=Read about 'blasphemy' laws in Yemen|website=End Blasphemy Laws}}</ref> drug trafficking; perjury causing wrongful execution; kidnapping; rape; sexual misconduct; violent robbery; banditry; terrorism; destruction of property leading to death; prostitution; certain military offenses (e.g. cowardice, desertion); espionage and treason.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Yemen |title=The Death Penalty in Yemen |publisher=Death Penalty Worldwide |access-date=5 August 2017 |archive-date=13 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013182456/http://www.deathpenaltyworldwide.org/country-search-post.cfm?country=Yemen |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|}

===Europe===
{{Main|Capital punishment in Europe}}
There are 48 [[member states of the United Nations|United Nations member states]] in Europe, and one [[United Nations General Assembly observers|observer state]]. Of these:

*[[Capital punishment in Belarus|1]] (2%) maintains the death penalty in both law and practice.
*[[Capital punishment in Russia|1]] (2%) permits its use for ordinary crimes,{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} but has not used it for at least 10 years and is believed to have a policy or established practice of not carrying out executions.
*47 (96%) have completely abolished it.

Abolition of death penalty is a pre-condition for entry into the [[European Union]], which considers capital punishment a "cruel and inhuman" practice and "not been shown in any way to act as a deterrent to crime".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://eeas.europa.eu/human_rights/adp/index_en.htm|title=EEAS - European External Action Service - European Commission|website=EEAS - European External Action Service}}</ref>

Since 1999, Belarus has been the only recognized country in Europe to carry out executions. 2009, 2015, 2020 are the first three years in recorded history when Europe was completely free of executions.

The countries in Europe that most recently abolished the death penalty are Bosnia and Herzegovina (2019), Latvia (2012), and Albania (2007).

Executions in Europe in 2019: Belarus (2+).<ref name="deathpenaltyworldwide.org"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://spring96.org/ru/news|title=Правозащитный центр "Весна"|website=spring96.org|language=ru|access-date=28 June 2019}}</ref>

{{legend|#FF0000|Maintain the death penalty in both law and practice}}
{{legend|#D59348|Abolished in practice (no execution in over 10 years and under a moratorium)}}
{{legend|#80E000|Abolished in law, except in exceptional circumstances, such as war}}
{{legend|#008080|Completely abolished}}
{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;" 
! '''Key'''
!{{center|'''Country'''}}
!'''Last execution'''
!'''Executions 2019'''
!'''Year abolished'''
!{{center|'''Notes'''}}
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ALB}}
| style="text-align:center"|1995<ref name="geocities richard-clark-europe">{{cite web |url=http://www.geocities.com/richard.clark32@btinternet.com/europe.html |title=The end of capital punishment in Europe |publisher=Capital Punishment U.K. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080408233138/http://www.geocities.com/richard.clark32%40btinternet.com/europe.html |archive-date=8 April 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2007
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Albania}} [[Hanging]] prior to abolition. Ratification of protocol 13 of the [[European Convention on Human Rights|ECHR]] was on 06/02/2007, in effect on 01/06/2007.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/death-penalty/ratification-of-international-treaties|title=Death penalty: Ratification of international treaties|publisher=Amnesty International|access-date=10 February 2013|archive-date=17 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150117112033/http://www.amnesty.org/en/death-penalty/ratification-of-international-treaties|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|AND}}
| style="text-align:center"|1943
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Andorra}}[[Garrote]], [[firing Squad]] abolished 1990 by [[Constitution of Andorra|Constitution]].
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ARM}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence on 21 September 1991 (30 August 1991, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1998
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Armenia}}Abolished in 1998 by [[Constitution of Armenia|Constitution]]. The last execution when Armenia was a part of the USSR was on 30 August 1991.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|AUT}}
| style="text-align:center"|1950
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1968
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Austria}}Abolished in peacetime 1950. Completely abolished in 1968 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|AZE}}
| style="text-align:center"|1993
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1998
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Azerbaijan}}
|-
| style="background:#f00"|
|{{flagcountry|BLR}}
| style="text-align:center"|2022<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.amnesty.org/en/documents/act50/6548/2023/en/ | title=Death sentences and executions 2022 | date=16 May 2023 }}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|2+
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Belarus}} Shooting; Belarus is the only country in Europe to use capital punishment. Laws allow capital punishment for acts of aggression; murder of a representative of a foreign state or international organization with the intention to provoke international tension or war; international terrorism; genocide; crimes against the security of humanity; murder with aggravating circumstances; terrorism; terrorist acts; treason that results in loss of life; conspiracy to seize power; sabotage; murder of a police officer; murder of a border patrol officer; use of weapons of mass destruction; and violations of the laws and customs of war.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/42/topic/11 |title=Belarus: Death Penalty |publisher=Legislationline |access-date=10 February 2013 |archive-date=25 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225160716/https://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/42/topic/11 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|BEL}}
| style="text-align:center"|1950
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1996
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Belgium}}Last execution for common law crimes was in 1863. Last execution for war crimes was in 1950. Abolished 1996 by [[Belgian Penal Code|Penal Code]]; since 2005 in [[Constitution of Belgium|Constitution]].
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|BIH}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1991 (1977, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2019 (for all crimes in Republika Srpska)<br />1998 (for all crimes in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and for all peacetime crime in Republika Srpska)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Bosnia and Herzegovina}} The final execution in the present-day Bosnia and Herzegovina took place in 1977,<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.smrtnakazna.rs/sr-latn-rs/Osudjenik.aspx?id=6351 | title=Dušan Prodić | publisher=SPSK | access-date=28 January 2019 | archive-date=28 January 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190128083446/http://www.smrtnakazna.rs/sr-latn-rs/Osudjenik.aspx?id=6351 | url-status=dead }}</ref> when then [[Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] was still one of the constituent republics of [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslavia]]. It was abolished in 1998 by the [[Dayton agreement|Constitution]], although the death penalty remained present in the Constitution of Republika Srpska, where it was endorsed in the Article 11, which said: "Human life is inviolable. Death may only be used for capital crimes."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.vijecenarodars.net/materijali/constitution.pdf |title=Constitution of Republika Srpska |access-date=12 June 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307101347/http://www.vijecenarodars.net/materijali/constitution.pdf |archive-date=7 March 2016}}</ref> The Supreme Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina had abolished the death penalty in the Republika Srpska in 2019, making Bosnia and Herzegovina, in practice, the last country in Europe, except for Belarus and Russia, to fully abolish the death penalty on all of the levels of its judiciary.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=bs&tl=en&u=https://www.oslobodjenje.ba/vijesti/bih/ustavni-sud-bih-ukinuo-smrtnu-kaznu-u-republici-srpskoj-495963|title=Google Translate|website=translate.google.com|date=4 October 2019}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|BGR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1989
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1998
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Bulgaria}}The last execution in Bulgaria took place on 4 November 1989, days before the downfall of [[Todor Zhivkov]], which heralded the end of the communist regime. It was the year's 14th shooting of a convicted prisoner.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|HRV}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1991 (1987, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1991
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Croatia}}Last capital punishment was performed on 29 January 1987 by the state firing squad while Croatia was still part of [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|SFR Yugoslavia]]. Last executed convict was Dušan Kosić who killed Čedomir Matijević, his wife Slavica and their two daughters, Dragana and Snježana.<ref>{{cite web |author=Tomislav&nbsp;Mamić, Mario&nbsp;Pušić |url=http://www.jutarnji.hr/-karlovacki-monstrum-nije-imao-milosti--nismo-imali-izbora--morali-smo-ga-osuditi-na-strijeljanje-/1116865/ |title=Karlovački monstrum nije imao milosti. Nismo imali izbora, morali smo ga osuditi na strijeljanje |publisher=Jutarnji.hr |date=28 July 2013 |access-date=9 April 2016 |archive-date=15 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315035446/http://www.jutarnji.hr/-karlovacki-monstrum-nije-imao-milosti--nismo-imali-izbora--morali-smo-ga-osuditi-na-strijeljanje-/1116865/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.glas-slavonije.hr/vijest.asp?rub=8&ID_VIJESTI=108800 | title=Deveterostruko ubojstvo najteži zločin | date=27 May 2009 | work=[[Glas Slavonije]] | language=hr | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001195225/http://www.glas-slavonije.hr/vijest.asp?rub=8&ID_VIJESTI=108800 |archive-date=1 October 2011}}</ref> Capital punishment was abolished in 1990 according to the provision of the new [[Constitution of Croatia|Croatian constitution]] enected for the [[Socialist Republic of Croatia|SR Croatia]]. Upon [[Independence of Croatia|declaring independence]] in June 1991 newly formed [[Republic of Croatia]] declared Constitution from 1990 official and left the jurisdiction of the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|Yugoslav Federation]] consequently completely abolishing capital punishment. The death penalty is prohibited by the article 21 of the Croatian Constitution.<ref name="croatian-constitution">{{cite web|url=http://www.constitution.org/cons/croatia.htm|title=The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia|publisher=Constitution Society|access-date=10 February 2013|archive-date=25 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181225160719/http://www.constitution.org/cons/croatia.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CYP}}
| style="text-align:center"|1962
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2002
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Cyprus}}Capital punishment for murder abolished in 1983. Completely abolished in 2016 by amendment to the Constitution removing references to capital punishment.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CZE}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1993 (1989, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Czech Republic}}Last execution when part of Czechoslovakia was in June 1989. Abolished after the Velvet Revolution 1990 by the amendment to [[Constitution of Czechoslovakia]]. Upon independence on 1 January 1993 the Czech Republic became a new abolitionist state.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|DNK}}
| style="text-align:center"|1950
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1978
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Denmark}}Last execution for common law crimes 1892. Last execution for war crimes 1950. Capital punishment was retroactively carried out 1945–50 for crimes related to the German occupation in World War II, repealed in 1951 and confirmed in 1993. A similar rule was active 1952–1978 in the civil penalty law for war crimes committed under extreme circumstances.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|EST}}
| style="text-align:center"|1991
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1998
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Estonia}}The last execution in Estonia has taken place on 11 September 1991 when [[Rein Oruste]] was shot with a bullet to the back of the head for the crime of murder.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|FIN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1944
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1972
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Finland}}Last peacetime execution 1825. Last wartime execution 1944. Capital punishment was abolished for civilian crimes in 1949 (all existing sentences commuted to life imprisonment) and for all crimes 1972. In 1984 the death penalty was explicitly outlawed in the Finnish Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|FRA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1977
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1981
|{{Main|Capital punishment in France}}The death penalty was initially abolished by the Directory in 1795 but re-introduced by Napoleon in 1810. It was re-abolished in law in 1981 and by [[Constitution of France|Constitution]] in 2007.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|GEO}}
| style="text-align:center"|1995<ref name="geocities richard-clark-europe"/>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2006
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Georgia (country)}}The death penalty was abolished for most offenses in 1997, but the constitution stated that the Supreme Court had the power to impose the death penalty in exceptionally serious cases of "crimes against life". On 27 December 2006, President [[Mikheil Saakashvili]] signed into a law a new constitutional amendment totally abolishing the death penalty in all circumstances.
{{See also|Capital punishment in Abkhazia}}The self-proclaimed state of [[Abkhazia]], which is claimed by Georgia, still retains the death penalty for wartime treason, but it has been under moratorium since 2007.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|DEU}}
| style="text-align:center"|1981
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1949 (West Germany), 1987 (East Germany)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Germany}}Abolished by the [[Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany|Basic Law]] since the formation of the [[Federal Republic of Germany]] in 1949. However, US military authorities carried out seven executions on German territory in 1951, since they were, as an occupation force, not subjected to this.<ref>Yvonne Hötzel: ''Debatten um die Todesstrafe in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland von 1949 bis 1990.'' Berlin 2010, [https://books.google.com/books?id=q5uFTYLTzWgC&pg=PA65 pp. 65 ff.]</ref> [[German Democratic Republic]] (country which ceased to exist in 1990 and all of its territory joined the Federal Republic of Germany) abolished the death penalty in 1987, the last execution was held in 1981.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|GRC}}
| style="text-align:center"|1972
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2004<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.payvand.com/news/05/apr/1025.html|title=Death Penalty: 3,797 executed in 2004|website=www.payvand.com|access-date=8 June 2017|archive-date=6 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180806210714/http://www.payvand.com/news/05/apr/1025.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/80000/act500012005en.pdf|title=The death penalty worldwide|access-date=10 February 2020|archive-date=22 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181122055435/https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/80000/act500012005en.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Greece}}Abolished completely with the [[Greek Constitutional amendment of 2001|Constitutional amendment of 2001]] and then with the approval by Greek Parliament of the ratification of protocol 13 of the ECHR in 12/2004.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|HUN}}
| style="text-align:center"|1988
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Hungary}}Capital punishment was abolished in 1990 and the last execution was of Ernő Vadász on 14 July 1988 for murder.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ISL}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1944 (1830, before independence)<ref name="IcelandExecution">{{cite web |last1=Bragadottir |first1=Ragnheidur |title=Dauðarefsingar á Íslandi |trans-title=Death penalties in Iceland |url=http://www.listasafn.akureyri.is/v1/listak0103/bragadottur.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20091111110424/http://www.listasafn.akureyri.is/v1/listak0103/bragadottur.html |archive-date=11 November 2009 |access-date=5 April 2013 |publisher=[[Akureyri Art Museum]] |place=[[Akureyri]], [[Iceland]] |language=is |df=dmy-all |quote=Síðan liðu 40 ár þar til síðasta aftakan fór fram, en það var 12. janúar 1830 þegar Agnes Magnúsdóttir og Friðrik Sigurðsson voru tekin af lífi í Vatnsdalshólum í Húnavatnssýslu fyrir morðið á Natani Ketilssyni. |trans-quote=Then 40 years passed until the last execution took place, which was on January 12, 1830, when [[Agnes Magnúsdóttir]] and [[Fridrik Sigurdsson|Friðrik Sigurðsson]] were executed in Vatnsdalshólar in Húnavatnssýsla County for the murder of Natan Ketilsson.}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1928<ref name="IcelandAbolition">{{cite web |url=http://www.listasafn.akureyri.is/v1/listak0103/bragadottur.html |title=Dauðarefsingar á Íslandi |last1=Bragadottir |first1=Ragnheidur |publisher=[[Akureyri Art Museum]] |location=[[Akureyri]], [[Iceland]] |language=is |trans-title=Death penalties in Iceland |access-date=5 April 2013 |quote=Árið 1928 var til meðferðar á Alþingi frumvarp til breytinga á almennum hegningarlögum. Þingmaður Dalamanna, Sigurður Eggerz, setti þá fram tillögu um afnám líflátsrefsinga. Var hún samþykkt án teljandi umræðna og var dauðarefsing þar með afnumin á Íslandi. |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20091111110424/http://www.listasafn.akureyri.is/v1/listak0103/bragadottur.html |archive-date=11 November 2009 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Iceland}}Last execution in 1830 when a colony of Denmark.<ref name="IcelandExecution" /> Abolished in 1928;<ref name="IcelandAbolition" /> reintroduction made unconstitutional in 1995 by unanimous vote of [[Althing|Parliament]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.listasafn.akureyri.is/v1/listak0103/bragadottur.html |title=Dauðarefsingar á Íslandi |last1=Bragadottir |first1=Ragnheidur |publisher=[[Akureyri Art Museum]] |location=[[Akureyri]], [[Iceland]] |language=is |trans-title=Death penalties in Iceland |access-date=5 April 2013 |quote=Mannréttindasáttmáli Evrópu var lögfestur á Íslandi árið 1995 og eru ákvæði hans þar með orðin hluti af íslenskum rétti. Ári síðar var mannréttindaákvæðum stjórnarskrárinnar mikið breytt og þau aukin. Var þá m.a. sett í stjórnarskrána bann við dauðarefsingu, en þar segir nú að aldrei megi mæla fyrir um slíka refsingu í lögum. |url-status=dead |archive-url=http://wayback.vefsafn.is/wayback/20091111110424/http://www.listasafn.akureyri.is/v1/listak0103/bragadottur.html |archive-date=11 November 2009 |df=dmy-all}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|IRL}}
| style="text-align:center"|1954
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Ireland}}Abolished for murder in 1964, and for remaining offences in 1990. Last death sentences passed in 1985; all since 1954 commuted to imprisonment.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ITA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1947
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1994
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Italy}}On 30 November 1786 the [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany]] (then independent, now a part of Italy) became the first state in the modern era to completely abolish the death penalty. However, it was later repeatedly reintroduced and re-abolished, until its definitive ban in 1859. From 1815 to 1859 only two people were executed by the grand ducal authorities. For a brief period between 1847 and 1848, upon its reversion to Tuscany, the [[Duchy of Lucca]] became the only Italian territory in which the abolition was in force. The short lived [[Roman Republic (1849–1850)|Roman Republic of Feb–July 1849]] abolished the death penalty before being overthrown by French troops. When the [[Kingdom of Italy]] was formed in 1861,  capital punishment remained in force in all the constituent states except Tuscany until it was abolished nationwide in 1889 – although it was maintained under military and colonial law. In 1926 Mussolini reintroduced the death penalty into Italian law. A total of 26 people (9 civilians and 16 soldiers) were executed during the Fascist regime, none from political reasons. It was re-abolished from the penal code in 1944. Art. 27 of the [[Constitution of Italy|Constitution]] of the Italian Republic (1948) completely abolished it for all common military and civil crimes during peacetime. The death penalty was still, formally, in force in Italy in the military penal code, only for high treachery against the Republic or only in war theatre perpetrated crimes (though no execution ever took place) until it was abolished completely from there as well, in 1994. Article 27 of Italian Constitution was eventually amended in 2007 to prohibit the reintroduction of death penalty in time of war too.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|Republic of Kosovo}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since self-proclaimed independence in 2008 (1987, as part of Yugoslavia)<ref name="geocities richard-clark-europe"/>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2008{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}
| The partially recognised Republic of Kosovo does not have the death penalty.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/droits-de-l-homme/peine-de-mort/la-peine-de-mort-dans-le-monde/carte-interactive-la-peine-de-mort-dans-le-monde/|title=Carte interactive : la peine de mort dans le monde|website=www.diplomatie.gouv.fr|access-date=19 March 2021|archive-date=30 April 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210430143438/https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/fr/politique-etrangere-de-la-france/droits-de-l-homme/peine-de-mort/la-peine-de-mort-dans-le-monde/carte-interactive-la-peine-de-mort-dans-le-monde/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy/human-rights/death-penalty/the-death-penalty-around-the-world/ |website=www.diplomatie.gouv.fr|title=The Death Penalty around the World}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|LVA}}
| style="text-align:center"|1996
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2012
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Latvia}}Abolished for civilian offences in 1999. Abolished for all crimes in 2012.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://wcd.coe.int/com.instranet.InstraServlet?command=com.instranet.CmdBlobGet&InstranetImage=2024032&SecMode=1&DocId=1852830&Usage=2 |title=Notification of Ratification |publisher=Council of Europe |date=3 February 2012 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|LIE}}
| style="text-align:center"|1785
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1989<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ncadp.org/todayInHistory.cfm|title=Today in Capital Punishment History|access-date=2008-06-04|publisher=NCAPD|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080510150450/http://ncadp.org/todayInHistory.cfm|archive-date=2008-05-10|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Liechtenstein}}
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|LTU}}
| style="text-align:center"|1995
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1998
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Lithuania}}
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|LUX}}
| style="text-align:center"|1949
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1979
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Luxembourg}}Abolished by the Constitution in 1979.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MLT}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1964 (1943, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2000
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Malta}}Last execution when a colony of Britain was in 1943. Capital punishment for murder abolished in 1971; part of the military code until 2000.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MDA}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1991
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2005
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Moldova}}No executions since independence from USSR in 1991.<ref name = hood>Roger Hood and Carolyn Hoyle (2008, 4th ed.). ''The Death Penalty: A Worldwide Perspective'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|0-19-922847-7}}) app. 1.</ref> On 23 September 2005 the [[Moldovan Constitutional Court]] approved constitutional amendments that abolished the death penalty.
The self-proclaimed state of Transnistria, which is claimed by Moldova, still retains the death penalty but has observed a moratorium on executions since 1999.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MCO}}
| style="text-align:center"|1847
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1962
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Monaco}}Abolished by Constitution 1962.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MNE}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 2006 (1981, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1995
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Montenegro}}Last execution when a part of Yugoslavia was on 29 January 1981.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.smrtnakazna.rs/sr-latn-rs/Osudjenik.aspx?id=6391 | title=Dragiša Ristić | publisher=SPSK | access-date=28 January 2019}}</ref> Capital punishment abolished by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1995. When Montenegro declared independence in 2006 it became an abolitionist state.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|NLD}}
| style="text-align:center"|1952
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1982 (Netherlands) <br /> 2010 (Antilles)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in the Netherlands}}{{See also|Capital punishment in Aruba}}Last execution for peacetime offences in 1860. Abolished for peacetime offences in 1870. Abolished in Netherlands by [[Constitution of the Netherlands|Constitution]] 1982. Last Netherlands overseas territory to abolish was Antilles in 2010.<ref name="thedailyherald.com">{{cite news |url=http://www.thedailyherald.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1348:antilles-to-abolish-capital-punishment-&catid=1:islands-news&Itemid=54 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170906134657/http://www.thedailyherald.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1348:antilles-to-abolish-capital-punishment-&catid=1:islands-news&Itemid=54 |url-status=usurped |archive-date=6 September 2017 |title=Antilles to abolish capital punishment |work=The Daily Herald |date=11 March 2010 |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MKD}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1991 (1988, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1991
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Macedonia}}Last execution when it was part of Yugoslavia in 1988.<ref name="geocities richard-clark-europe"/> Abolished by Constitution in 1991.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|NOR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1948
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1979
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Norway}}Abolished for peacetime offences in 1902, last execution for peacetime offences 1876. [[Legal purge in Norway after World War II|Last executions of wartime offenders]] conducted on 37 men convicted of treason or war crimes in WWII in 1945–48.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|POL}}
| style="text-align:center"|1988
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1998
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Poland}}A criminal law reform including reintroduction of death penalty was proposed in 2004 by [[Law and Justice (Poland)|Prawo i Sprawiedliwość]], but lost its first reading vote in the [[Sejm]] by 198 to 194 with 14 abstentions. It is said that this was only populism, since Poland had joined the [[European Union]] so there was no chance.<ref name="amnesty.org ENGACT500012005"/>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|PRT}}
| style="text-align:center"|1917<ref name="geocities richard-clark-europe"/>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1867 (civil crimes); 1976 (all crimes)
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Portugal}}Capital Punishment was abolished for political crimes in 1852, civil crimes in 1867 and war crimes in 1911.<ref>{{cite web|title=Portuguese Constitution of 1933 - Part I, Title II, Article 8º, Nº11: [Translation]: ''There is no perpetual body feathers, '''nor death, except, on this,''' the case of belligerency with a foreign country, and to be applied in the war theater''|url=http://debates.parlamento.pt/Constituicoes_PDF/CRP-1933.pdf|access-date=7 April 2014|language=pt|date=11 April 1933|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140408220449/http://debates.parlamento.pt/Constituicoes_PDF/CRP-1933.pdf|archive-date=8 April 2014}}</ref> In 1916, capital punishment was reinstated only for military offenses that occurred in a war against a foreign country and in the theater of war.<ref>{{cite web|title=Article 3 of Law 635 - Amendment to the Portuguese Constitution of 1911 - The exception on the article of the death penalty: [Translation] ''The Death Penalty (...) '''cannot be reestablished in any case (...) # with the exception''', about the Death Penalty, only in case of war with a foreign country (...) and only in the theater of war.''|url=http://www.dre.pt/pdf1s%5C1916%5C09%5C19700%5C09090909.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329002045/http://www.dre.pt/pdf1s%5C1916%5C09%5C19700%5C09090909.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 March 2014|work=Diário do Governo|publisher=Diário do Governo da República Portuguesa|access-date=28 March 2014|language=pt|date=28 September 1916}}</ref> Capital punishment was completely abolished again in 1976.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://en.www.mcu.es/patrimonio/MC/PatrimonioEur/Red/Portugal_Abolicion_penademuerte.html |title=Abolition of the death penalty |publisher=European Heritage Label |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ROU}}
| style="text-align:center"|1989
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cdep.ro/pls/legis/legis_pck.htp_act_text?idt=11033 |title=Decree-Law No. 6 |publisher=National Salvation Front Council |date=7 January 1990 |language=ro |access-date=10 February 2013 |archive-date=25 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180725112100/http://www.cdep.ro/pls/legis/legis_pck.htp_act_text?idt=11033 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Romania}}The last people to be convicted and executed in Romania were the dictator [[Nicolae Ceaușescu]] and his wife, [[Elena Ceaușescu]], by firing squad during the [[Romanian Revolution of 1989]]. Their accusations ranged from crimes against humanity to high-treason. Abolished in 1990 and banned by [[Constitution of Romania|Constitution]] in 1991.
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|RUS}}
| style="text-align:center"|1999 ([[Chechnya]])<br />1996 (rest of Russia)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Russia}}[[Execution by shooting|Shooting]]. There have been four brief periods when Russia has completely abolished the death penalty, in the 18th century Russian empress [[Elizabeth of Russia|Elizabeth]] abolished it, but it was restored by the next emperor, [[Peter III of Russia]]; then, from 12 March to 12 July 1917 following the [[February Revolution|overthrow of the Tsar]], 27 October 1917 to 16 June 1918 following the seizure of power by the [[Bolsheviks]], and in 1947–1950 after the end of the [[Second World War]] ([[Joseph Stalin]] abolished it in 1947, but he had restored it in 1950, and for this short period, the strictest punishment in [[USSR]] was [[penal servitude]] in [[GULAG|gulag]] for 25 years). Currently the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation envisages the death penalty for five crimes: murder with aggravating circumstances, assassination attempt against a state or public figure, attempt on the life of a person administering justice or preliminary investigations, attempt on the life of a law-enforcement officer, and genocide.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/7/topic/11 |title=Russian Federation: Death Penalty |publisher=Legislationline |access-date=10 February 2013 |archive-date=28 February 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190228004530/https://www.legislationline.org/topics/country/7/topic/11 |url-status=dead}}</ref> On 16 April 1997 Russia signed the Sixth Protocol to the [[European Convention on Human Rights]], but has yet to ratify it. There has been a moratorium on executions since 1996; no executions have been in the Russian Federation since August 1996. In November 2009, the [[Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation|Constitutional Court]] extended the moratorium indefinitely pending ratification of the Sixth Protocol. The death penalty is still active by law.<ref name="amnesty2015"/>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SMR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1468<ref name="geocities richard-clark-europe"/> or 1667<ref>{{cite web |date=10 October 2010 |title=1865. San Marino decide la completa abolizione della pena di morte |trans-title=1865. San Marino decides to completely abolish the death penalty |url=https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/cultura-c6/1865-san-marino-decide-completa-abolizione-pena-morte-a108398 |access-date=28 May 2021 |website=sanmarinortv.sm |language=it}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1848 (Civil)<br />1865 (Military)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in San Marino}}Abolished for civilian crimes in 1848. Abolished for all crimes in 1865.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SRB}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 2006 (1992, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1995
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Serbia}}Last execution when a part of Yugoslavia was in 1992. Capital punishment abolished by the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1995. When Serbia became independent in 2006 it became an abolitionist state.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SVK}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1993 (1989, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1990
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Slovakia}}Last execution when a part of Czechoslovakia was in 1989. Abolished 1990 by Constitution when still a constituent part of Czechoslovakia. Upon independence on 1 January 1993 Slovakia became a new abolitionist state.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SVN}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1991 (1959, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1991
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Slovenia}}Last execution when a part of Yugoslavia was in 1959. Abolished in Slovenian Yugoslav Republic 1989 by [[Constitution of Slovenia|Constitution]]. Upon declaration of independence in 1991 Slovenia removed itself from the jurisdiction of the Federal Yugoslav capital punishment statutes effectively achieving complete abolition.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|ESP}}
| style="text-align:center"|[[Last use of capital punishment in Spain|1975]]
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1978 (civilian)<br />1995 (military)
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Spain}}Abolished in 1978 by Constitution except for wartime offences. Abolished from the military penal code in 1995.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ley Orgánica 11/1995, de 27 de noviembre, de abolición de la pena de muerte en tiempo de guerra |trans-title=Organic Law 11/1995, of November 27, on the abolition of the death penalty in times of war |url=http://www.boe.es/aeboe/consultas/bases_datos/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1995-25714 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120731074938/http://www.boe.es/aeboe/consultas/bases_datos/doc.php?id=BOE-A-1995-25714 |archive-date=31 July 2012 |access-date=10 February 2013 |publisher=Government of Spain |language=es}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SWE}}
| style="text-align:center"|1910
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1973
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Sweden}}Peacetime offences 1921, Wartime offences 1973. Constitutionally prohibited since 1975.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|CHE}}
| style="text-align:center"|1944
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1992
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Switzerland}}Capital punishment was abolished in 1874, but reinstated in 1879. It was practised by a few [[Cantons of Switzerland|cantons]] (nine executions up to 1940). Abolished by popular vote in 1938, except for wartime military crimes, for which it was abolished in 1992. Banned by the 1999 constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|TUR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1984
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2004
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Turkey}}Abolished in 2004 by [[Constitution of Turkey|Constitution]]. On 29/10/2016, [[Recep Tayyip Erdogan]] said that his government would ask parliament to consider reintroducing capital punishment due to the [[2016 Turkish coup d'état attempt]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.alaraby.co.uk/english/news/2016/10/29/turkeys-parliament-to-consider-reintroducing-death-penalty |title=Turkey's parliament 'to consider reintroducing death penalty' |publisher=The New Arab |date=29 October 2016 |access-date=30 October 2016}}</ref> while suggesting the possibility of reintroducing it through a referendum.<ref>{{cite web |date=17 April 2017 |title=Peine de mort : la Turquie tourne le dos à l'Europe |trans-title=Death penalty: Turkey turns its back on Europe |url=https://www.francetvinfo.fr/monde/turquie/referendum-en-turquie/peine-de-mort-la-turquie-tourne-le-dos-a-l-europe_2150332.html |website=francetvinfo.fr |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|UKR}}
| style="text-align:center"|1997<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/ar99/eur50.htm |title=Annual Report 1999 – Ukraine |publisher=Amnesty International |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991109075223/http://www.amnesty.org/ailib/aireport/ar99/eur50.htm |archive-date=9 November 1999}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2000<ref name="bookdpUkr">{{Cite book |last=Magen |first=Amichai |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kwAjvp2LnjMC&pg=PA197 |title=International Actors, Democratization and the Rule of Law: Anchoring Democracy? |last2=Morlino |first2=Leonardo |date=2008-07-25 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-134-05814-3 |pages=196}}</ref><ref name="bookdpUkr2">{{Cite book |last= |first= |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zKsfGi3y3YgC&pg=PA74 |title=The Death Penalty: Beyond Abolition |date=2004-01-01 |publisher=[[Council of Europe]] |isbn=978-92-871-5333-3 |pages=74}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Ukraine}}Abolished February 2000 after the [[Constitutional Court of Ukraine|Constitutional Court]] ruled the death penalty unconstitutional in December 1999.<ref name=bookdpUkr/><ref name=bookdpUkr2/> New criminal code passed in April 2000.<ref name=bookdpUkr/><ref name=bookdpUkr2/><ref name="OnoprienkoIU28813">[http://www.interfax.co.uk/ukraine-news/serial-killer-onopriyenko-dies-in-zhytomyr-prison/ Serial killer Onopriyenko dies in Zhytomyr prison], [[Interfax-Ukraine]] (28 August 2013)</ref> The unrecognized [[Donetsk People's Republic]] reintroduced the death penalty for treason in 2014.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.themoscowtimes.com/2014/08/18/donetsk-separatists-introduce-death-penalty-for-treason-a38435|title=Donetsk Separatists Introduce Death Penalty for Treason|date=18 August 2014|website=The Moscow Times}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|UK}}
| style="text-align:center"|1977 (Bermuda)<br />1964 (UK)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1998
| {{Main|Capital punishment in the United Kingdom}}Last execution in the UK was in 1964. The last execution on British Overseas Territory occurred in Bermuda in 1977. Abolished for murder in 1969 in Great Britain and 1973 in [[Northern Ireland]]. Abolished for all remaining offences (high treason, piracy with violence and offences under military jurisdiction) in the UK in 1998. European Convention, 13th Protocol ratified in 2003 confirming total abolition.
{{See also|Capital punishment in the British Indian Ocean Territory|Capital punishment in Gibraltar|Capital punishment in Guernsey|Capital punishment in the Isle of Man|Capital punishment in Jersey}} The last British Territory or Crown Dependency to completely abolish capital punishment was Jersey on 2006 (see [[Capital punishment in Jersey]]).
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|VAT}}
| style="text-align:center"|1870<ref name=Allen2001>{{cite news |last=Allen |first=John R. |url=https://natcath.org/NCR_Online/archives2/2001c/091401/091401a.htm |title=He executed justice |work=National Catholic Reporter |date=14 September 2001}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1969<ref name=Allen2001/>
| {{Main|Capital punishment in Vatican City}}Last execution on 9 July 1870. [[Mazzatello]]. Never used within the Vatican City itself and only carried out in the [[Papal States]] by local authorities where the sentences were handed out. From 1870 to 1929 the Vatican had no sovereign territories, and no death sentences were applied. Officially re-introduced in the Law Codes in 1927, only for papal murder. Abolished in 1969.
|}

There are 14 [[member states of the United Nations]] in Oceania. Of these:

*[[Capital punishment in Tonga|1]] (7%) permits its use for ordinary crimes,{{Clarify|date=August 2023|reason=What is an "ordinary crime"?  See Talk page}} but has not used it for at least 10 years and is believed to have a policy or established practice of not carrying out executions.
*13 (93%) have completely abolished it.

Only [[Tonga]] has not formally abolished capital punishment despite not using the practice since 1982.

The countries in Oceania that most recently abolished the death penalty are Papua New Guinea (2022), Nauru (2016), and Fiji (2015).

{{legend|#FF0000|Maintain the death penalty in both law and practice}}
{{legend|#D59348|Abolished in practice (no execution in over 10 years and under a moratorium)}}
{{legend|#80E000|Abolished in law, except in exceptional circumstances, such as war}}
{{legend|#008080|Completely abolished}}
{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;"
! '''Key'''
!{{center|'''Country'''}}
!'''Last execution'''
!'''Executions 2019'''
!'''Year abolished'''
!{{center|'''Notes'''}}
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|AUS}}
| style="text-align:center"|[[Ronald Ryan|1967]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nswccl.org.au/issues/death_penalty/australia.php |title=Death penalty in Australia |publisher=New South Wales Council for Civil Liberties |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100329145248/http://www.nswccl.org.au/issues/death_penalty/australia.php |archive-date=29 March 2010}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1985
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Australia}}Capital punishment was abolished in [[Queensland]] in 1922; [[Tasmania]] in 1968; the [[Northern Territory]], the [[Australian Capital Territory]] and the [[Government of Australia|Commonwealth]] in 1973; [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] in 1975; South Australia in 1976; Western Australia in 1984; and [[New South Wales]] in 1985.  On 11 March 2010, Federal Parliament passed laws that prevent the death penalty from being reintroduced by any state or territory in Australia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.smh.com.au/opinion/chances-of-return-to-death-penalty-remain-almost-nil-20130617-2oeie.html |title=Chances of return to death penalty remain almost nil |date=17 June 2013 |publisher= Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|FJI}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1970 (1964, before independence)
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2015<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worldcoalition.org/fiji-abolition-death-penalty-military-penal-code-all-crimes.html|title=Fiji abolishes death penalty for all crithrough amendment to military law|work=World Coalition Against the Death Penalty|access-date=28 July 2015|archive-date=17 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180617061708/http://www.worldcoalition.org/fiji-abolition-death-penalty-military-penal-code-all-crimes.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Fiji}}Last execution when a colony of Britain was in 1964. The death penalty for crimes under the [[Republic of Fiji Military Forces|Republic of Fiji Military Forces Act]] was abolished in Feb 2015. Abolished for other crimes 1979.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|KIR}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1979
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1979
|
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|MHL}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1986
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1986
|Abolished in 1986 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal" |
|{{flagcountry|FSM}}
| style="text-align:center" |*None since independence in 1986
| style="text-align:center" |
| style="text-align:center" |1986
|Abolished in 1986 by Constitution.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|NRU}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1968
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2016
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Nauru}}Death penalty abolished May 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ambafrance-fj.org/Nauru-updates-its-Criminal-Code-abolishes-Death-Penalty-and-Decriminalize|title=Nauru updates its Criminal Code, abolishes Death Penalty and Decriminalize Homosexuality|website=La France à Fidji|access-date=17 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160809004337/http://www.ambafrance-fj.org/Nauru-updates-its-Criminal-Code-abolishes-Death-Penalty-and-Decriminalize|archive-date=9 August 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref> Despite having abolished capital punishment, Nauru voted against the [[UN Moratorium on the Death Penalty]] in 2018.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|NZL}}
| style="text-align:center"|[[Walter James Bolton|1957]]
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1989 
|{{Main|Capital punishment in New Zealand}}Abolished in New Zealand in 1941 for most crimes, reinstated in 1950, abolished again in 1961 for most crimes, and formally abolished for treason in 1989.
{{See also|Capital punishment in the Cook Islands}}In 2007 the Cook Islands became the last of New Zealand's overseas territories to abolish capital punishment.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|PLW}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1994
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1994
|
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|PNG}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1975 (1957, before independence)<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/am/content/2007/s2087787.htm "PNG urged to abandon death penalty"]. ''AM''. Australian Broadcasting Corporation. 12 November 2007.</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2022
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Papua New Guinea}}Last execution when under Australian administration in November 1957. The death penalty was abolished in 1970, five years before independence. It was reinstated in 1991, but never applied. It was abolished again in 2022.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://postcourier.com.pg/death-penalty-act-repealed/ |title=Death Penalty Act Repealed |publisher=Papua New Guinea Post-Courier |date=21 January 2022 |access-date=21 January 2022}}</ref>
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SAM|name=Samoa}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1962 (1952, before independence)<ref name=ABC2004SAM>{{cite web |url=https://www.abc.net.au/news/2004-01-17/samoa-seeks-to-formally-abolish-death-penalty/121228 |title=Samoa seeks to formally abolish death penalty |publisher=ABC |date=17 January 2004 |access-date=22 July 2022}}</ref>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|2004<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.paclii.org/ws/legis/num_act/codpaa2004388/ |title=Crimes (Abolition of Death Penalty) Amendment Act 2004 |publisher=Samoa Sessional Legislation |access-date=10 February 2013}}</ref>
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Samoa}}Last execution under New Zealand colonial rule in April 1952. Since independence in 1962 all death sentences were commuted to life imprisonment. The death penalty was formally abolished in 2004.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|SLB}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1978
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1978
|
|-
| style="background:#D59348"|
|{{flagcountry|TON}}
| style="text-align:center"|1982<ref name="richard-clark"/>
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|N/A
|{{Main|Capital punishment in Tonga}}[[Hanging]]. Death penalty for treason, murder.
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|TUV}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1978
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1978
|
|-
| style="background:teal"|
|{{flagcountry|VUT}}
| style="text-align:center"|*None since independence in 1980
| style="text-align:center"|
| style="text-align:center"|1980
|
|}

==Abolition chronology==
{{Further|Capital punishment#History of abolition}}
[[File:Capital punishment 2024.png|thumb|348x348px|Abolition over time
{{legend|green|Abolitionist states}}
{{legend|red|Retentionist states}}]]
The table below lists in chronological order the 109 UN member or observer states that have completely abolished the death penalty. In the century after the abolition of capital punishment by Venezuela in 1863, only 11 more countries followed, not counting temporary abolitions that were later reversed. From the 1960s onwards, abolition accelerated: 4 countries abolished capital punishment in the 1960s (a record up to that time for any decade), 11 in the 1970s, and 10 in the 1980s. After the [[Cold War]], many more countries followed: 36 countries abolished capital punishment in the 1990s, with 9 in 1990 alone, 23 in the 2000s, 11 in the 2010s, and 7 so far in the 2020s. Since 1985, there have been only 6 years when no country has abolished the death penalty: 2001, 2003, 2011, 2013, 2018 and 2023.

When a country has abolished, re-instated, and abolished again (e.g. Philippines, Switzerland, Portugal, Italy) only the later abolition date is included. Countries which have abolished and since reinstated it and have yet to abolish it again (e.g. Liberia, Malawi) are excluded altogether. Dependent territories are considered being under the jurisdiction of their parent country – which leads to unexpectedly late abolition dates for the UK, New Zealand and the Netherlands, where Jersey (UK), the Cook Is (NZ), and the Netherlands Antilles, were the last territories of those states to abolish capital punishment, and all were later than the abolitions on the respective mainlands. References are in the continental tables above and not repeated here. Federal countries such as the United States where it has not been abolished everywhere do not appear, even if some jurisdictions in that country have abolished the death penalty. 

{{sticky header}} 
{|class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style=text-align:left" style="margin:1em auto;" 
! style="width:5em"  | Year abolished
! style="width:44em" | Country
! style="width:5em"  | Countries per year
! style="width:5em"  | Running total
|-
| 1863
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|VEN}}
| 1
| 1
|-
| 1865
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|SMR}}
| 1
| 2
|-
| 1877
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|CRI}}
| 1
| 3
|-
| 1903
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|PAN}}
| 1
| 4
|-
| 1906
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|ECU}}
| 1
| 5
|-
| 1907
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|URY}}
| 1
| 6
|-
| 1910
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|COL}}
| 1
| 7
|-
| 1928
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|ISL}}
| 1
| 8
|-
| 1949
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|GER}}
| 1
| 9
|-
| 1956
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|HND}}
| 1
| 10
|-
| 1962
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|MCO}}
| 1
| 11
|-
| 1966
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|DOM}}
| 1
| 12
|-
| 1968
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|AUT}}
| 1
| 13
|-
| 1969
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|VAT}}
| 1
| 14
|-
| 1972
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|FIN}}
| 1
| 15
|-
| 1973
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|SWE}}
| 1
| 16
|-
| 1976
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|PRT}}
| 1
| 17
|-
| 1978
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|DNK}} {{flagcountry|SLB}} {{flagcountry|TUV}}
| 3
| 20
|-
| 1979
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|KIR}} {{flagcountry|LUX}} {{flagcountry|NIC}} {{flagcountry|NOR}}
| 4
| 24
|-
| 1980
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|VUT}}
| 1
| 25
|-
| 1981
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|CPV}} {{flagcountry|FRA}}
| 2
| 27
|-
| 1982
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|NLD}}
| 1
| 28
|-
| 1985
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|AUS}}
| 1
| 29
|-
| 1986
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|MHL}} {{flagcountry|FSM}}
| 2
| 31
|-
| 1988
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|HTI}}
| 1
| 32
|-
| 1989
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|KHM}} {{flagcountry|LIE}} {{flagcountry|NZL}}
| 3
| 35
|-
| 1990
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|AND}} ({{flagcountry|CZE}} {{flagcountry|SVK}} as [[Czechoslovakia]]) {{flagcountry|HUN}} {{flagcountry|IRL}} {{flagcountry|MOZ}} {{flagcountry|NAM}} {{flagcountry|ROU}} {{flagcountry|STP}}
| 9
| 44
|-
| 1991
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|HRV}} {{flagcountry|MKD}} {{flagcountry|SVN}}
| 3
| 47
|-
| 1992
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|AGO}} {{flagcountry|PRY}} {{flagcountry|CHE}}
| 3
| 50
|-
| 1993
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|GNB}} {{flagcountry|SYC}}
| 2
| 52
|-
| 1994
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|ITA}} {{flagcountry|PLW}} 
| 2
| 54
|-
| 1995
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|DJI}} {{flagcountry|MUS}} ({{flagcountry|Montenegro}} {{flagcountry|Serbia}} as [[Serbia and Montenegro|Yugoslavia]]) {{flagcountry|ZAF}} {{flagcountry|ESP}}
| 6
| 60
|-
| 1996
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|BEL}}
| 1
| 61
|-
| 1997
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|NPL}} 
| 1
| 62
|-
| 1998
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|ARM}} {{flagcountry|AZE}} {{flagcountry|BGR}} {{flagcountry|EST}} {{flagcountry|LTU}} {{flagcountry|POL}}  {{flag country|UK}}
| 7
| 69
|-
| 1999
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|CAN}} {{flagcountry|TKM}}
| 2
| 71
|-
| 2000
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|CIV}} {{flagcountry|MLT}} {{flagcountry|UKR}}
| 3
| 74
|-
| 2002
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|CYP}} {{flagcountry|TLS}}
| 2
| 76
|-
| 2004
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|BTN}} {{flagcountry|GRC}} {{flagcountry|Samoa}} {{flagcountry|SEN}} {{flagcountry|TUR}}
| 5
| 81
|-
| 2005
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|MEX}} {{flagcountry|MDA}}
| 2
| 83
|-
| 2006
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|GEO}} {{flagcountry|PHL}}
| 2
| 85
|-
| 2007
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|ALB}} {{flagcountry|KGZ}} {{flagcountry|RWA}}
| 3
| 88
|-
| 2008
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|UZB}}
| 1
| 89
|-
| 2009
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|ARG}} {{flagcountry|BOL}} {{flagcountry|BDI}} {{flagcountry|TGO}}
| 4
| 93
|-
| 2010
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|GAB}}
| 1
| 94
|-
| 2012
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|LVA}} {{flagcountry|MNG}}
| 2
| 96
|-
| 2014
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|MDG}}
| 1
| 97
|-
| 2015
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|COG}} {{flagcountry|FJI}} {{flagcountry|SUR}}
| 3
| 100
|-
| 2016
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|BEN}} {{flagcountry|NRU}}
| 2
| 102
|-
| 2017
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|GIN}}
| 1
| 103
|-
| 2019
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|BIH}}
| 1
| 104
|-
| 2020
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|TCD}}
| 1
| 105
|-
| 2021
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|KAZ}} {{flagcountry|SLE}}
| 2
| 107
|-
| 2022
| style="text-align:left" | {{flagcountry|CAR}}  {{flagcountry|PNG}}
| 2
| 109
|-
|2024
| style="text-align:left" | {{Flag country|Zimbabwe}}                                                                                                                           
|1
|110
|}

==See also==
*[[List of countries by incarceration rate]]
*[[List of most recent executions by jurisdiction]]
*[[American Convention on Human Rights]]
*[[European Convention on Human Rights]]
*[[Life imprisonment]]
*[[Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]]
*[[Corporal punishment]]

==Footnotes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [https://www.amnesty.org/en/what-we-do/death-penalty/ Amnesty International]
* [https://www.infoplease.com/current-events/1999/death-penalty-worldwide The Death Penalty Worldwide]
* [https://news.un.org/en/story/2005/07/145092-countries-retaining-death-penalty-fail-give-details-executions-un-says Countries retaining death penalty fail to give details of executions] – United Nations, 14 July 2005
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20140104212752/https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=TREATY&mtdsg_no=IV-12&chapter=4&lang=en Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights]
* [http://www.conventions.coe.int/Treaty/Commun/ChercheSig.asp?NT=187&CM=1&DF=&CL=ENG European Convention on Human Rights - Protocol 13]
* [http://www.cidh.org/Basicos/English/Basic3.American%20Convention.htm American Convention on Human Rights - Protocol to Abolish the Death Penalty]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050616105737/http://www.nswccl.org.au/issues/death_penalty/asiapac.php Death Penalty in Asia-Pacific]
* [http://www.capitalpunishmentuk.org/world.html Monthly updates of world-wide executions]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080924173034/http://www.handsoffcain.info/bancadati/index.php?tipotema=arg&idtema=10000532 Hands Off Cain] (results may vary)
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20180906073249/http://www.abolitionuk.org/ Abolition UK]
* [https://deathpenaltyworldwide.org/ Death Penalty Worldwide] Academic research database on the laws, practice, and statistics of capital punishment for every death penalty country in the world.

{{Capital punishment}}
{{Africa topic|Capital punishment in}}
{{Americas topic|Capital punishment in}}
{{Asia topic|Capital punishment in}}
{{Europe topic|Capital punishment in}}
{{Oceania topic|Capital punishment in}}
{{CapPun-US}}
{{Law country lists}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Use Of Capital Punishment By Nation}}
[[Category:Capital punishment by country| ]]
[[Category:Law lists by country|Capital punishment]]