Editing Canterbury

{{short description|Cathedral city in Kent, England}}
{{For-multi|the larger local government district|City of Canterbury|other uses}}
{{Good article}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2011}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox UK place
| static_image_name = The Butter Market square outside of Canterbury Cathedral - geograph.org.uk - 2428011.jpg
| static_image_caption = Butter Market square
| static_image_2_name = Canterbury Arms.svg
| static_image_2_width = 90px
| static_image_2_caption = Arms of Canterbury
| country = England
| official_name = Canterbury
| type = City
| coordinates = {{coord|51.28|1.08|type:city(55,000)_region:GB-KEN|display=inline,title}}
| population = 55,087
| population_ref = (2021)
| shire_district = [[City of Canterbury|Canterbury]]
| shire_county = [[Kent]]
| region = South East England
| constituency_westminster = [[Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Canterbury]]
| post_town = CANTERBURY
| postcode_district = CT1, CT2, CT4
| postcode_area = CT
| dial_code = 01227
| os_grid_reference = TR145575
| london_distance = {{convert|54|mi}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gridreferencefinder.com|title=Grid Reference Finder|website=gridreferencefinder.com|access-date=23 January 2021|archive-date=26 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190926071124/https://gridreferencefinder.com/|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

'''Canterbury''' ({{IPAc-en|audio=en-uk-Canterbury.ogg|ˈ|k|æ|n|t|ər|b|(|ə|)|r|i}}, {{IPAc-en|-|b|ɛ|r|i}})<ref>{{cite book |title=Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary |editor1-last=Roach |editor1-first= Peter |editor2-last=Hartman |editor2-first=James |editor3-last= Setter |editor3-first=Jane |editor4-last= Jones |editor4-first=Daniel |editor4-link=Daniel Jones (phonetician) |year=2006 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |edition=17th |isbn=978-0-521-68086-8 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/englishpronounci00dani }}</ref> is a [[City status in the United Kingdom|city]] and [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]], in the county of [[Kent]], England; it was a [[county borough]] until 1974. It lies on the [[River Stour, Kent|River Stour]]. The city has a mild oceanic climate.

Canterbury is a popular tourist destination, with the city's economy heavily reliant upon tourism, alongside higher education and retail. As of 2011, the city's population was over 55,000, including a substantial number of students and one of the highest student-to-permanent-resident ratios in Britain.

The site of the city has been occupied since Paleolithic times and served as the capital of the Celtic [[Cantiaci]] and [[Jutes|Jute]] [[Kingdom of Kent]]. Many historical structures fill the area, including a city wall founded in [[Roman Britain|Roman times]] and rebuilt in the 14th century, the [[Westgate Towers]] museum, the ruins of [[St Augustine's Abbey]], the Norman [[Canterbury Castle]], and the [[List of the oldest schools in the world|oldest extant school in the world]], [[The King's School, Canterbury|the King's School]]. Modern additions include the [[Marlowe Theatre]] and [[Kent County Cricket Club]]'s [[St Lawrence Ground]]. [[Canterbury Cathedral]] is known for its architecture, its music, and for being the seat of the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]; it receives a million visitors per year.

== History ==

{{redirect|History of Canterbury|the history of the regional area of this name in New Zealand|History of the Canterbury Region}}

=== Name ===

The [[Roman occupation of Britannia|Roman settlement]] of ''[[Durovernum Cantiacorum]]'' ("[[Cantiaci|Kentish]] Durovernum") occupied the location of an earlier [[Britons (Celtic people)|British]] town whose [[British language (Celtic)|ancient British]] name has been [[linguistic reconstruction|reconstructed]] as *''Durou̯ernon'' ("stronghold by the [[alder]] grove"),<ref name=ly29>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=29}}.</ref> although the name is sometimes supposed to have derived from various British names for the [[River Stour, Kent|Stour]].<ref name=kent>{{cite book |url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol11/pp135-139 |title=The History and Topographical Survey of the County of Kent |volume=XI |publisher=W.&nbsp;Bristow |location=Canterbury|date=1800 |last=Hasted |first=Edward |pages=135–139 |access-date=13 February 2015 |archive-date=17 February 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150217145250/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-kent/vol11/pp135-139 |url-status=live}}</ref> Medieval variants of the Roman name include ''Dorobernia'' and ''Dorovernia''.<ref name=kent/> In [[Sub-Roman Britain]], it was known in [[Old Welsh]] as ''[[Caer|Cair]] Ceint'' ("stronghold of [[Kingdom of Kent|Kent]]").<ref name=nenny>[[Nennius]] ({{abbr|attrib.|Traditional attribution}}). [[Theodor Mommsen]] ({{abbr|ed.|Editor}}). [[s:la:Historia Brittonum#VI. CIVITATES BRITANNIAE|''Historia Brittonum'', VI.]] Composed after AD&nbsp;830. {{in lang|la}} Hosted at [[s:la:Main Page|Latin Wikisource]].</ref><ref name=nashford>Ford, David Nash. "[www.britannia.com/history/ebk/articles/nenniuscities.html The 28 Cities of Britain]" at Britannia. 2000.</ref> Occupied by the [[Jutes]], it became known in [[Old English]] as ''Cantwareburh'' ("stronghold of the Kentish men").<ref name="c4">{{cite web| title = Canterbury Timeline| publisher = Channel 4| url = http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/timeteamlive/timeline.html| access-date = 28 May 2008| archive-date = 15 January 2009| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090115093210/http://www.channel4.com/history/microsites/T/timeteam/archive/timeteamlive/timeline.html| url-status = live}}</ref>

=== Early history ===

{{main|Durovernum Cantiacorum}}

The Canterbury area has been inhabited since [[prehistoric Britain|prehistoric times]]. [[Lower Paleolithic]] axes, and [[Neolithic]] and [[Bronze Age]] pots have been found in the area.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=16}}.</ref> Canterbury was first recorded as the main settlement of the [[Celtic tribe]] of the [[Cantiaci]], which inhabited most of modern-day [[Kent]]. In the 1st century AD, the [[Roman Empire|Romans]] captured the settlement and named it [[Durovernum Cantiacorum]].<ref name=ly29/> The Romans rebuilt the city, with new streets [[Roman urban planning|in a grid pattern]], a [[Roman theatre (structure)|theatre]], a [[Roman temple|temple]], a [[forum (Roman)|forum]], and [[Roman baths|public baths]].<ref name=lyle43/> Although they did not maintain a major military garrison, its position on [[Watling Street]] relative to the major Kentish ports of [[Rutupiae]] ([[Richborough]]), [[Dubrae]] ([[Dover]]), and [[Lemanae]] ([[Lymne]]) gave it considerable strategic importance.{{sfn|Godfrey-Faussett|1878|p=29}} In the late 3rd century, to defend against attack from [[Saxon invasions of Britain|barbarians]], the Romans built an earth bank around the city and a wall with seven gates, which enclosed an area of {{convert|130|acre|ha|0}}.<ref name=lyle43>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=43–44}}.</ref>

Despite being counted as one of the 28 cities of [[Sub-Roman Britain]],<ref name="nenny" /><ref name="nashford" /> it seems that after the [[End of Roman rule in Britain|Romans left Britain in 410]] Durovernum Cantiacorum was abandoned for around 100 years, except by a few farmers and gradually decayed.<ref name=":1">{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=42}}.</ref> Over the next 100&nbsp;years, an [[Anglo-Saxon]] community formed within the [[Canterbury city walls|city walls]], as [[Jutes|Jutish]] refugees arrived, possibly intermarrying with the locals.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=42, 47}}.</ref> The town's new importance led to its revival, and trades developed in pottery, textiles, and leather. By 630, [[gold coin]]s were being struck at the Canterbury mint.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=48–50}}.</ref> In 842 and 851, Canterbury suffered great loss of life during [[Danes (Germanic tribe)|Danish]] raids. 

=== 11th–16th centuries ===
The [[siege of Canterbury]] saw a large Viking army besiege Canterbury in 1011, culminating in the city being pillaged. Remembering the destruction caused by the Danes, the inhabitants of Canterbury did not resist [[William the Conqueror]]'s invasion in 1066.<ref name="c4" />{{Dubious|date=August 2024}} William immediately ordered a wooden [[motte-and-bailey]] castle to be built by the Roman city wall. In the early 12th century, the [[Canterbury Castle|castle]] was rebuilt with stone.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=64, 66}}.</ref> Canterbury Castle was captured by the French [[Louis VIII of France|Prince Louis]] during his 1215 invasion of England, before the death of [[John of England|John]] caused his English supporters to desert his cause and support the young [[Henry III of England|Henry III]].{{sfn|Godfrey-Faussett |1878|p=29}}

[[Black Death]] reached Canterbury in 1348. At 10,000, Canterbury had the 10th largest population in England; by the early 16th century, the population had fallen to 3,000. In 1363, during the [[Hundred Years' War]], a Commission of Inquiry found disrepair, stone-robbing and ditch-filling had led to the Roman wall becoming eroded. Between 1378 and 1402, the wall was virtually rebuilt, and new wall towers were added.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=86–87}}.</ref> In 1381, during [[Wat Tyler]]'s [[Peasants' Revolt]], the castle and Archbishop's Palace were sacked, and [[Simon Sudbury|Archbishop Sudbury]] was beheaded in London. In 1413, [[Henry IV of England|Henry IV]] became the only sovereign to be buried at the cathedral. In 1448 Canterbury was granted a [[city charter]], which gave it a mayor and a [[high sheriff]]; the city still has a [[Lord Mayor]] and Sheriff.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=91}}.</ref>

[[File:Huguenot canterbury.jpg|thumb|Huguenot weavers' houses near Canterbury High Street]]

In 1519 a public cage for talkative women and other wrongdoers was set up next to the town's pillory at the Bullstake, now the Buttermarket. In 1522 a stone cross with gilt lead stars was erected at the same place, and painted with [[bice]] and gilded by Florence the painter.<ref>''HMC 9th Report: Canterbury'' (London, 1883), p. 150.</ref>

=== History of Huguenot refugees  ===
{{Main article|History of the Huguenots in Kent}}
In the mid-16th century many [[Huguenots]], experiencing persecution and conflict in the [[Low Countries]], fled and resettled in [[Reformation|Reformed]] regions such as England. Canterbury hosted the first congregation of so-called 'refugee strangers' in the country.<ref>Cross, Francis William (1898). ''History of the Walloon & Huguenot Church at Canterbury''. p. 3.</ref> This first Huguenot church in Canterbury was founded around 1548, in part by [[Jan Utenhove]] who relocated from [[Strasbourg]], alongside [[Valérand Poullain]] and [[François Peruçel de la Rivière|François de la Rivière]].<ref name=":2">Cross, Francis William (1898). ''History of the Walloon & Huguenot Church at Canterbury''. pp. 4-6.</ref> When Utenhove travelled to London in 1549, Francois de la Rivière remained to lead the congregation. With the accession of [[Mary I]], the Huguenot residents of Canterbury were compelled to flee in 1553–4 alongside the English [[Marian exiles]] to [[Emden]], [[Wesel]], [[Zürich]], Strasbourg, [[Frankfurt]], and later [[Basel]], [[Geneva]], and [[Aarau]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Garrett |first=Christina Hallowell |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/9780511707957/type/book |title=The Marian Exiles: A Study in the Origins of Elizabethan Puritanism |date=2010-06-10 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-108-01126-6 |edition=1 |pages=47 |doi=10.1017/cbo9780511707957}}</ref>

After the accession of [[Elizabeth I]], a small number of Huguenots returned to London, including Jan Utenhove in 1559.<ref name=":2" /> In 1561, a number of Huguenots in London were sent to [[Sandwich, Kent|Sandwich]], a settlement which began to grow rapidly with new refugees arriving from [[County of Artois|Artois]] and [[County of Flanders|Flanders]]. This settlement, in June 1575, almost entirely relocated to Canterbury, which had in the previous year gained a small Huguenot population. A number of refugees also arrived around this time from the temporary Huguenot settlements at [[Rye, East Sussex|Rye]] and [[Winchelsea]].<ref>Cross, Francis William (1898). ''History of the Walloon & Huguenot Church at Canterbury''. pp. 13–23</ref> In 1575, the Huguenot population of Canterbury were granted use of the church of [[St Alphege|St Alphedge]] but in the following year had begun to use the crypt of [[Canterbury Cathedral]] as their church.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The church in the 16th century: The Walloon period {{!}} Église Protestante Française de Cantorbéry |url=http://www.frenchchurchcanterbury.org.uk/history/the-church-in-the-16th.html |access-date=2024-01-19 |website=www.frenchchurchcanterbury.org.uk |archive-date=19 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240119233725/http://www.frenchchurchcanterbury.org.uk/history/the-church-in-the-16th.html |url-status=live }}</ref> The Church of the Crypt swiftly became the nucleus of the Huguenot community in Canterbury.   

By the 17th century, French-speaking Huguenots comprised two-fifths of Canterbury's population. The Huguenots had a large influence on the economy of Canterbury, and introduced silk weaving into the city which had outstripped wool weaving by 1676.<ref name="Lyle">{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=107}}.</ref> 

=== 17th century–present ===
Canterbury remained an important city in the 17th century. [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] and [[Henrietta Maria]] visited in 1625; musicians played whilst the couple entered the city under a velvet canopy supported by six men holding poles.<ref>''HMC 9th Report: Canterbury'' (London, 1883), p. 163.</ref> In 1647, during the [[English Civil War]], riots broke out. The riots became known as the "Plum Pudding Riots".<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.vaguelyinteresting.co.uk/canterburys-cancelled-christmas-and-the-plum-pudding-riots/ |title=Cancelled Christmas and the Plum Pudding Riots |access-date=7 December 2022 |archive-date=7 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221207200005/https://www.vaguelyinteresting.co.uk/canterburys-cancelled-christmas-and-the-plum-pudding-riots/ |url-status=live|website=Vaguely Interesting|date=11 May 2017 }}</ref> The rioters' trial the following year led to a Kent revolt against Parliamentarian forces, contributing to the start of the [[Second English Civil War|second phase]] of the war. However, Canterbury surrendered peacefully to Parliamentarians at the [[Battle of Maidstone]].<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=109}}.</ref>

[[File:Canterbury castle - geograph.org.uk - 1270897.jpg|thumb|left|Canterbury Castle]]

By 1770, the castle had fallen into disrepair, and many parts of it were demolished during the late 18th century and early 19th century.<ref name="castle">{{cite web|author=Tatton-Brown, Tim |title=Canterbury Castle |publisher=Canterbury Archaeological Trust |url=http://www.canterburytrust.co.uk/schools/keysites/castle.htm |archive-url=https://archive.today/20100118163730/http://www.canterburytrust.co.uk/schools/keysites/castle.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=18 January 2010 |access-date=30 May 2008 }}</ref>  In 1787 all the gates in the city wall, except for [[Westgate, Canterbury|Westgate]]—the city jail—were demolished as a result of a commission that found them impeding to new coach travel.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=110}}.</ref> [[Canterbury Prison]] opened in 1808 just outside the city boundary.<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.hmprisonservice.gov.uk/prisoninformation/locateaprison/prison.asp?id=304,15,2,15,304,0 |publisher=HM Prison Service |place=UK |title=Canterbury |access-date=24 September 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080216122822/http://www.hmprisonservice.gov.uk/prisoninformation/locateaprison/prison.asp?id=304%2C15%2C2%2C15%2C304%2C0 |archive-date=16 February 2008 }}</ref> By 1820 the silk weaving in the city had been supplanted by imported Indian [[muslin]]s<ref name="Lyle" /> and trade carried  out was thereafter largely of [[hops]] and [[wheat]].{{sfn|Godfrey-Faussett|1878|p=29}} The [[Canterbury & Whitstable Railway]] (The Crab and Winkle Way), the world's first passenger railway,<ref name="Butler11">{{harvnb|Butler|2002|p=11}}.</ref> was opened in 1830;<ref>{{citation | last=Ratcliffe | first=R.L. | title=Canterbury & Whitstable Railway 1830–1980 | publisher=Locomotive Club of Great Britain | year=1980 | isbn=978-0-905270-11-1 }}</ref> bankrupt by 1844, it was purchased by the [[South Eastern Railway (England)|South Eastern Railway]], which connected the city to its larger network in 1846.<ref>{{citation |last=White |first=H.P. |title=A Regional History of the Railways of Southern England |volume=II |date=1961 |pages=16–8 |location=London |publisher=Phoenix House }}</ref> The [[London, Chatham & Dover Railway]] arrived in 1860;{{sfn|Godfrey-Faussett|1878|p=28}} the competition and cost-cutting between the lines was resolved by merging them as the [[South Eastern & Chatham Railway|South Eastern & Chatham]] in 1899.<ref>{{citation |last=Awdry |first=Christopher |title=Encyclopaedia of British Railway Companies |location=Sparkford |publisher=Patrick Stephens |date=1990 |page=199 |isbn=978-1-8526-0049-5 }}</ref> Between 1830 and 1900, the city's population grew from 15,000 to 24,000.<ref name="Butler11" />

During the [[First World War]], barracks and voluntary hospitals were set up around the city. In 1917 a German bomber crash-landed near Broad Oak Road.<ref name="Butler">{{harvnb|Butler|2002|p=13}}.</ref> [[Mahatma Gandhi]] visited Canterbury in October 1931.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.wikilivres.ca/wiki/Chronology_of_Mahatma_Gandhi's_life/England_1931 |title=Wikilivres |access-date=8 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170706034851/https://www.wikilivres.ca/wiki/Chronology_of_Mahatma_Gandhi%27s_life/England_1931 |archive-date=6 July 2017 |url-status=usurped }}. wikilivres.ca. Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref><ref>[http://library.kent.ac.uk/library/special/html/specoll/GANDHI.HTM Special Collections – Library Services – University of Kent] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012054632/http://library.kent.ac.uk/library/special/html/specoll/GANDHI.HTM |date=12 October 2008 }}. Library.kent.ac.uk. Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref>
During the [[Second World War]], 10,445 bombs dropped during 135 separate raids destroyed 731 homes and 296 other buildings in the city, including the missionary college and [[Simon Langton Girls' Grammar School]].<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=127}}.</ref> 119 civilian people died through enemy action in the borough.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/4004161/canterbury,-country-borough/ |title=Cemetery Details |access-date=23 June 2019 |archive-date=23 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190623183107/https://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/4004161/canterbury,-country-borough/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The most devastating raid was on 1 June 1942 during the [[Baedeker Blitz]].<ref name="Butler"/> Before the end of the war, the architect [[Charles Holden]] drew up plans to redevelop the city centre, but locals were so opposed that the Citizens' Defence Association was formed; it swept to power in the 1945 municipal elections. Rebuilding of the city centre eventually began 10 years after the war.<ref name="Butler14">{{harvnb|Butler|2002|p=14}}.</ref> A ring road was constructed in stages outside the city walls to alleviate growing traffic problems in the city centre, which was later pedestrianised. The biggest expansion of the city occurred in the 1960s, with the arrival of the [[University of Kent at Canterbury]] and [[Canterbury Christ Church University|Christ Church College]].<ref name="Butler14"/>

The 1980s saw visits from [[Queen Elizabeth II]], and the beginning of the annual [[Canterbury Festival]].<ref name="Butler15">{{harvnb|Butler|2002|p=15}}.</ref> Between 1999 and 2005, the [[Whitefriars Shopping Centre]] underwent major redevelopment. In 2000, during the redevelopment, a major archaeological project was undertaken by the [[Canterbury Archaeological Trust]], known as the Big Dig,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.canterburytrust.co.uk/archive/bigdig01.html|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515185746/http://www.canterburytrust.co.uk/archive/bigdig01.html|url-status=dead|title=Canterbury Archaeological Trust: Previous articles: Big Dig|archivedate=15 May 2009}}</ref> which was supported by [[Channel Four]]'s ''[[Time Team]]''.<ref name="Butler16">{{harvnb|Butler|2002|p=16}}.</ref>

== Geography ==

=== Climate ===

Canterbury experiences an [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cfb''), similar to almost all of the United Kingdom. Canterbury enjoys mild temperatures all year round, being between 1.8&nbsp;°C (35.2&nbsp;°F) and 22.8&nbsp;°C (73&nbsp;°F). There is relatively little rainfall throughout the year.

{{Weather box
| location = Canterbury
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan high C = 7.6
| Feb high C = 7.8
| Mar high C = 10.7
| Apr high C = 13.4
| May high C = 16.8
| Jun high C = 20.0
| Jul high C = 22.8
| Aug high C = 22.8
| Sep high C = 19.4
| Oct high C = 15.3
| Nov high C = 10.9
| Dec high C = 8.1
| year high C = 14.7
| Jan mean C = 4.3
| Feb mean C = 4.3
| Mar mean C = 6.4
| Apr mean C = 8.2
| May mean C = 11.6
| Jun mean C = 14.3
| Jul mean C = 16.8
| Aug mean C = 16.9
| Sep mean C = 14.3
| Oct mean C = 10.9
| Nov mean C = 7.1
| Dec mean C = 5.3
| year mean C = 10.0
| Jan low C = 2.1
| Feb low C = 1.8
| Mar low C = 3.5
| Apr low C = 4.9
| May low C = 7.7
| Jun low C = 10.5
| Jul low C = 12.9
| Aug low C = 12.8
| Sep low C = 10.8
| Oct low C = 8.0
| Nov low C = 4.8
| Dec low C = 2.5
| year low C = 6.9
| Jan precipitation mm = 62.2
| Feb precipitation mm = 42.2
| Mar precipitation mm = 41.3
| Apr precipitation mm = 42.9
| May precipitation mm = 50.0
| Jun precipitation mm = 39.0
| Jul precipitation mm = 40.0
| Aug precipitation mm = 51.2
| Sep precipitation mm = 61.6
| Oct precipitation mm = 83.2
| Nov precipitation mm = 68.8
| Dec precipitation mm = 63.4
| year precipitation mm = 645.8
| Jan sun = 60.9
| Feb sun = 80.7
| Mar sun = 116.5
| Apr sun = 174.2
| May sun = 206.0
| Jun sun = 206.4
| Jul sun = 221.8
| Aug sun = 214.9
| Sep sun = 155.2
| Oct sun = 125.0
| Nov sun = 73.3
| Dec sun = 48.6
| year sun = 1683.3
| source 1 = <ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/u10g8x4vg | title = Canterbury climate | access-date = 29 March 2017 | archive-date = 15 April 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190415064659/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/u10g8x4vg | url-status = live }}</ref>
| source 2 = <ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.yr.no/place/United_Kingdom/England/Canterbury/statistics.html | title = Weather statistics for Canterbury, England (United Kingdom) | access-date = 29 March 2017 | archive-date = 12 January 2019 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190112095121/https://www.yr.no/place/United_Kingdom/England/Canterbury/statistics.html | url-status = live }}</ref>
| date = March 2017
}}

=== Demography ===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|+ Canterbury compared
|-
! 2001 UK Census !! Canterbury city !! Canterbury district !! England
|-
|Total population || 43,432 || 135,278 || 49,138,831
|-
|Foreign born || 11.6% || 5.1% || 9.2%
|-
|White || 95% || 97% || 91%
|-
|Asian || 1.8% || 1.6% || 4.6%
|-
|Black || 0.7% || 0.5% || 2.3%
|-
|Christian || 68% || 73% || 72%
|-
|Muslim || 1.1% || 0.6% || 3.1%
|-
|Hindu || 0.8% || 0.4% || 1.1%
|-
|No religion || 20% || 17% || 15%
|-
|Unemployed || 3.0% || 2.7% || 3.3%
|}

At the [[2001 UK census]],<ref name="Statistics Barton (Ward)">{{cite web | title=Barton (Ward) | publisher=Statistics.gov.uk | url=http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=Barton&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928639406&enc=1&areaId=5945407&OAAreaId=457094 | access-date=27 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090110232826/http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=Barton&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928639406&enc=1&areaId=5945407&OAAreaId=457094 | archive-date=10 January 2009 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Statistics Harbledown (Ward)">{{cite web   | title =Harbledown (Ward)   | publisher =Statistics.gov.uk   | url =http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadAreaSearch.do?a=3&r=1&i=1001&m=0&s=1211928705328&enc=1&areaSearchText=Harbledown&areaSearchType=14&extendedList=false&searchAreas=Search   | access-date =27 May 2008 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20090111030111/http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadAreaSearch.do?a=3&r=1&i=1001&m=0&s=1211928705328&enc=1&areaSearchText=Harbledown&areaSearchType=14&extendedList=false&searchAreas=Search   | archive-date =11 January 2009 | url-status =dead   }}</ref><ref name="Statistics Northgate (Ward)">{{cite web | title=Northgate (Ward) | publisher=Statistics.gov.uk | url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=Northgate&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928715562&enc=1&areaId=5945394&OAAreaId=457324 | access-date=27 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111042428/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=Northgate&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928715562&enc=1&areaId=5945394&OAAreaId=457324 | archive-date=11 January 2009 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Statistics St Stephens (Ward)">{{cite web | title=St Stephens (Ward) | publisher=Statistics.gov.uk | url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=St+Stephens&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928726968&enc=1&areaId=5945392&OAAreaId=457370 | access-date=27 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111041607/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=St+Stephens&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928726968&enc=1&areaId=5945392&OAAreaId=457370 | archive-date=11 January 2009 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Statistics Westgate (Ward)">{{cite web | title=Westgate (Ward) | publisher=Statistics.gov.uk | url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=Westgate&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928736203&enc=1&areaId=5945386&OAAreaId=457480 | access-date=27 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111025638/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadDomainList.do?a=3&c=Westgate&d=14&i=1001x1002&m=0&r=1&s=1211928736203&enc=1&areaId=5945386&OAAreaId=457480 | archive-date=11 January 2009 | url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Statistics Wincheap (Ward)">{{cite web | title=Wincheap (Ward) | publisher=Statistics.gov.uk | url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadAreaSearch.do?a=3&i=1001&m=0&s=1211928689359&enc=1&areaSearchText=Wincheap&areaSearchType=14&extendedList=false&searchAreas=Search | access-date=27 May 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090111041601/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadAreaSearch.do?a=3&i=1001&m=0&s=1211928689359&enc=1&areaSearchText=Wincheap&areaSearchType=14&extendedList=false&searchAreas=Search | archive-date=11 January 2009 | url-status=dead }}</ref> the total population of the city itself was 43,432, and 135,278 within the Canterbury district. In 2011, the total district population was counted as 151,200, with an 11.7% increase from 2001,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/mro/news-release/census-2011-result-shows-increase-in-population-of-the-south-east/censussoutheastnr0712.html |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/mro/news-release/census-2011-result-shows-increase-in-population-of-the-south-east/censussoutheastnr0712.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=5 January 2016 |title=Census 2011 result shows increase in population of the South East|website=webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk |date=16 July 2012}}</ref> and the population of the city had grown to over 55,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/canterbury-population/ |title=Canterbury Population 2018 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs) |website=worldpopulationreview.com |access-date=11 July 2018 |archive-date=12 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712025243/http://worldpopulationreview.com/world-cities/canterbury-population/ |url-status=live}}</ref> By 2015, Canterbury's [[student]] population, including the [[University of Kent]] and [[Canterbury Christ Church University]], and the smaller [[University for the Creative Arts]], was almost 40,000.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pragnell |first1=Chris |title=Canterbury's student population now 40,000 – double 10 years ago |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/citys-student-population-now-40000-44580/ |website=Kent Online |access-date=16 June 2023 |date=10 October 2015 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616093421/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/citys-student-population-now-40000-44580/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style=" border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
|+[[Population growth]] in Canterbury since 1901
|-
! Year
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1901
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1911
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1921
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1931
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1939
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1951
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1961
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 1971
! style="background:#fff; color:navy;" | 2001
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Population
| 24,899
| 24,626
| 23,737
| 24,446
| 26,999
| 27,795
| 30,415
| 33,155
| 43,432
|-
| colspan="19" style="text-align:center;|'''Source: '''[http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10025722&c_id=10001043&add=N A Vision of Britain through Time]
|}

=== Physical ===
[[File:River Stour in Canterbury, England - May 08.jpg|thumb|The [[River Stour, Kent|River Great Stour]]]]
Canterbury is in east Kent, about {{convert|55|mi|km|0}} east-southeast of London. The coastal towns of [[Herne Bay]] and [[Whitstable]] are {{convert|6|mi|km|0}} to the north, and [[Faversham]] is {{convert|8|mi|km|0}} to the northwest.<ref>{{cite web |title=Where is Canterbury |url=https://www.getthedata.com/canterbury/where-is-canterbury |website=Get The Data |access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610090908/https://www.getthedata.com/canterbury/where-is-canterbury |url-status=live }}</ref> The city is on the [[River Stour, Kent|River Stour or Great Stour]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Background information on the River Stour |url=https://www.kentishstour.org.uk/major-projects-2/the-stour-catchment/background-river-stour/ |website=kentishstour.org.uk |access-date=14 April 2020 |archive-date=27 July 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727084028/https://www.kentishstour.org.uk/major-projects-2/the-stour-catchment/background-river-stour/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The river is navigable on the tidal section to Fordwich, although above this point canoes and other small craft can be used.<ref>[http://www.canterburyrivertours.co.uk/ Kent & Canterbury Tourist Attraction | Canterbury Historic River Tours] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100126234705/http://www.canterburyrivertours.co.uk/ |date=26 January 2010 }}. Canterburyrivertours.co.uk. Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref> The geology of the area consists mainly of [[brickearth]] overlying chalk. Tertiary sands overlain by [[London clay]] form St. Thomas's Hill and St. Stephen's Hill about a mile northwest of the city centre.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=15}}.</ref>
[[File:Canterbury town walls - geograph.org.uk - 1117994.jpg|thumb|left|[[Canterbury city walls]]]]
Canterbury is a [[medieval]] city, with [[Canterbury Cathedral]] inside the ring of the city walls, forming the historic centre. Of the defensive structures, a section of the medieval walls remains to the south, near [[Canterbury Castle]], while to the northwest, the Westgate survives as the [[Westgate towers museum|Westgate Towers museum]]. Immediately outside the Westgate is the [[River Stour, Kent|River Stour]] which crosses the city from southwest to northeast.<ref name="Visit Canterbury">{{cite web |title=Visit Canterbury |url=https://www.canterbury.co.uk/see-and-do/canterbury/ |publisher=Canterbury City Council |access-date=16 June 2023 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616091918/https://www.canterbury.co.uk/see-and-do/canterbury/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A road runs straight across the city from the Westgate, forming the High Street (including St George's Street) and part of the North Downs Way.<ref>{{cite web |title=Work on transformation of St George's Street in Canterbury high street to start on Monday |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/high-street-to-be-ripped-up-as-1m-transformation-begins-280290/ |website=Kent Online |date=12 January 2023 |access-date=16 June 2023 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616092444/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/high-street-to-be-ripped-up-as-1m-transformation-begins-280290/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[St Augustine's Abbey]] lies just outside the city walls.<ref>{{cite web |title=St Augustine's Abbey |url=https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/st-augustines-abbey/ |publisher=English Heritage |access-date=16 June 2023 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616002028/https://www.english-heritage.org.uk/visit/places/st-augustines-abbey/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Political ===

{{further|City of Canterbury}}

[[File:The Guildhall, Canterbury (geograph 3467978).jpg|thumb|upright|[[Canterbury Guildhall]] is housed in the former Holy Cross church building, on the [[River Stour, Kent|River Stour]]. The Westgate is on the left of the image.]]

The city became a [[county borough]] under the [[Local Government Act 1888]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Kent County Council |publisher=Science Museum Group |url=https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/people/cp16509/kent-county-council |access-date=16 June 2023 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616095812/https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/people/cp16509/kent-county-council |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1974, under the [[Local Government Act 1972]], the city came under the control of [[Kent County Council]]. Canterbury, along with Whitstable and Herne Bay, is now in the [[City of Canterbury]] local government district.<ref>{{cite web |last=McDermott |first=Jonathan |title=Canterbury City Council |website=Town Planning Expert |url=https://www.tpexpert.org/knowledge/canterbury-city-council/ |access-date=16 June 2023 |date=31 October 2022 |archive-date=16 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230616095813/https://www.tpexpert.org/knowledge/canterbury-city-council/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The city's urban area consists of the six electoral [[Ward (politics)|wards]] of Barton, Blean Forest, Northgate, St Stephens, Westgate, and Wincheap. These wards have eleven of the fifty seats on the [[Canterbury City Council]], which governs the city.<ref>{{cite web |title=Statistical Bulletin June 2021 Kent Analytics, Kent County Council www.kent.gov.uk/research Ward boundary changes in Kent:2019 |url=https://www.kent.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/7111/Ward-boundary-reference-maps.pdf |publisher=Kent County Council |access-date=16 June 2023 |date=June 2021 |archive-date=5 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161205155308/https://www.kent.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/7111/Ward-boundary-reference-maps.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The former Holy Cross Church building was officially re-opened by the [[Charles, Prince of Wales|Prince of Wales]] as the new [[Canterbury Guildhall]] and meeting place of the City Council on 9 November 1978.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.pressreader.com/uk/kentish-gazette-canterbury-district/20130214/281840051064296 |title=Remember Prince is Freeman of City |date=14 February 2013 |publisher=[[Kentish Gazette]] |access-date=21 February 2021 |archive-date=25 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210625204517/https://www.pressreader.com/uk/kentish-gazette-canterbury-district/20130214/281840051064296 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)|Member of Parliament]] for the [[Canterbury (UK Parliament constituency)|Canterbury]] constituency, which includes Whitstable, is [[Rosie Duffield]] formerly of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Rosie Duffield |url=https://members.parliament.uk/member/4616/contact |publisher=UK Parliament |access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610085217/https://members.parliament.uk/member/4616/contact |url-status=live }}</ref> but now sits as an independent.

=== Economic ===

[[File:Looking down Parade from Longmarket, Canterbury, 2019.jpg|thumb|left|Shops on the High Street]]

Canterbury district retained approximately 4,761&nbsp;businesses, up to 60,000&nbsp;full and [[Part-time job|part-time]] employees and was worth £1.3&nbsp;billion in 2001.<ref name="economic stats">[http://www.culture.gov.uk/CAP/proposals/Canterbury.pdf Proposals to the Casino Advisory Panel] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528121933/http://www.culture.gov.uk/CAP/proposals/Canterbury.pdf |date=28 May 2008 }} Culture.gov.uk. Retrieved on 25 May 2008</ref> This made the district the second largest economy in Kent.<ref name="economic stats" /> Today, the three primary sectors are tourism, higher education and retail.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.canterburysociety.org.uk/issues/the-economy/|title=The Economy – The Canterbury Society|website=www.canterburysociety.org.uk|access-date=11 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711224120/https://www.canterburysociety.org.uk/issues/the-economy/|archive-date=11 July 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2015, the value of tourism to the city of Canterbury was over £450 million; 7.2 million people visited that year, making it one of the most-visited cities in England. A full 9,378 jobs were supported by tourism, an increase of 6% over the previous year.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.canterbury.gov.uk/canterburys-450-million-tourism-boost/|title=Canterbury's £450 million tourism boost|website=Canterbury City Council}}{{Dead link|date=January 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://www.roughguides.com/travel/europe/england/kent-and-sussex/canterbury.aspx |title=Canterbury &#124; The Southeast Guide |publisher=Rough Guides |date=1 June 1942 |access-date=26 March 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130122023406/http://www.roughguides.com/travel/europe/england/kent-and-sussex/canterbury.aspx |archive-date=22 January 2013 }}</ref> The two universities provided an even greater benefit. In 2014/2015, the [[University of Kent]] and [[Canterbury Christ Church University]] were worth £909m to city's economy and accounted for 16% of all jobs.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.kent.ac.uk/news/kentlife/8679/universities-900m-impact-on-the-canterbury-economy |title=Universities' £900m impact on the Canterbury economy – University of Kent |website=The University of Kent |date=18 February 2016 |access-date=11 July 2018 |archive-date=12 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712022939/https://www.kent.ac.uk/news/kentlife/8679/universities-900m-impact-on-the-canterbury-economy |url-status=live}}</ref>

[[File:Canterbury river boat tours for visitors.jpg|thumb|River punts provide tours of the city.]]

Unemployment in the city dropped 0.6 percentage points to 1.7% from 2001 to 2007.<ref name="canterburyunemplyment">[http://www.kent.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/FD4125CF-EBAC-41FB-B87D-7FFF4FC54774/0/ep07canterbury.pdf Economic Profile 2007 – Canterbury] Kent County Council. Retrieved on 25 May 2008 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080528121939/http://www.kent.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/FD4125CF-EBAC-41FB-B87D-7FFF4FC54774/0/ep07canterbury.pdf |date=28 May 2008 }}</ref> The registered unemployment rate as of September 2011 stood at 5.7%. By May 2018, the rate had dropped to 1.8%; in fact, Kent in general had a moderate unemployment rate of 2%. This data considers only people claiming either [[Jobseekers Allowance]] or [[Universal Credit]] principally for the reason of being unemployed. It does not include those without access to such benefits.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kent.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/8182/District-unemployment-bulletin.pdf |title=Unemployment in Kent |access-date=11 July 2018 |archive-date=11 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180711233632/https://www.kent.gov.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/8182/District-unemployment-bulletin.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> At the time, the national rate was 4.2%.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.kentonline.co.uk/kent-business/county-news/unemployment-figures-drop-184480/|title=Unemployment figures drop |newspaper=Kent Online|date=12 June 2018 |access-date=11 July 2018|archive-date=12 July 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712010508/http://www.kentonline.co.uk/kent-business/county-news/unemployment-figures-drop-184480/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

A report in 2023 by the Poverty Working Group of the Canterbury [[Sustainable Development Goals]] Forum evidenced increasing [[poverty]] in the city using, for example, [[life expectancy]] figures and the number of meals provided by the city [[food banks]], as well as interviews with organisations and individuals attempting to help those in danger of and in poverty.<ref>Poverty in Canterbury Today by Jan Pahl and Martin Vye with Tim Carlyle, Dawn Ryder and Jane Webb Sustainable Development Goals Forum 2023 https://www.canterburysociety.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/JanPahl_A4_ReportOnPovertyInCanterbury-v3.pdf {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407081532/https://www.canterburysociety.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/JanPahl_A4_ReportOnPovertyInCanterbury-v3.pdf |date=7 April 2023 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Howard |first=Charlotte |date=14 December 2018 |title=Canterbury has highest rates of child poverty in Kent |url=https://thecanterburyhub.co.uk/canterbury-has-highest-rates-of-child-poverty-in-kent/ |access-date=7 April 2023 |website=The Canterbury Hub |language=en-GB |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407090223/https://thecanterburyhub.co.uk/canterbury-has-highest-rates-of-child-poverty-in-kent/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This supports earlier findings on poverty in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |date=17 June 2019 |title=Poverty-stricken area 'one of worst in country' |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/poverty-stricken-area-one-of-worst-in-country-206623/ |access-date=7 April 2023 |website=Kent Online |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407090221/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/poverty-stricken-area-one-of-worst-in-country-206623/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Boyden |first=Katie |date=16 May 2019 |title=These are the areas in Kent worst hit by child poverty |url=https://www.kentlive.news/news/kent-news/areas-kent-highest-number-children-2875594 |access-date=7 April 2023 |website=KentLive |archive-date=7 April 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407091725/https://www.kentlive.news/news/kent-news/areas-kent-highest-number-children-2875594 |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Culture ==

=== Landmarks ===

[[File:Old Kings School Shop Canterbury 1 (4901200691).jpg|thumb|upright|left|Crooked House, 2010]]

The 17th century, double [[jettied]], half-timbered [[Catching Lives#Catching Lives Bookshop|Crooked House]] bookshop operated by the Catching Lives [[homelessness]] charity at the end of Palace Street, opposite Kings School is frequently photographed for its quirky, slanted appearance.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://catchinglives.org/bookshop/ |title=Catching Lives Bookshop |archive-date=24 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924151444/https://catchinglives.org/bookshop/|website=Catching Lives|date=27 July 2021 |access-date=3 December 2022 |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Canterbury Roman Museum]] houses an ''in situ'' [[mosaic]] pavement dating from around 300 [[AD]].<ref>[[Scheduled monument]] listing held at [[Kent County Council]]</ref> Other surviving [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] structures in the city include Queningate, a blocked gate in the city wall, and the [[Dane John Mound]], once part of a Roman [[cemetery]].<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=142}}.</ref> The Dane John Gardens were built beside the mound in the 18th century, and a memorial placed on the mound's summit.<ref>{{harvnb|Tellem|2002|p=37}}</ref>

[[File:Butchery Lane Canterbury Cathedral 7545.jpg|thumb|upright|Butchery Lane]]

[[Westgate Towers]] is a museum narrating its earlier use as a [[jail]]. The [[medieval]] church of [[St Alphege]] is {{as of|2022|lc=yes}} used by the [[The King's School, Canterbury|King's School]]. The [[Old Synagogue at Canterbury|Old Synagogue]], now the King's School Music Room, is one of only two [[Egyptian Revival]] synagogues still standing. The city centre contains many timber-framed 16th and 17th century houses but others were destroyed, particularly in the Second World War [[Baedeker Blitz]]. Survivors include the [[Huguenot]] "Old Weaver's House".<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=142–147}}.</ref> [[St Martin's Mill, Canterbury|St Martin's Mill]] is the only surviving mill out of the six known to have stood in Canterbury. It was built in 1817 and worked until 1890 but is now a residence.<ref name="Finch">{{cite book |first=William |last=Coles Finch |author-link=William Coles Finch |year=1933 |title=Watermills and Windmills |pages=177–178 |publisher=C W Daniel Company |location=London }}</ref>

=== Theatres ===

The [[Marlowe Theatre]] is named after [[Christopher Marlowe]], who was born in the city.<ref>{{harvnb|Tellem|2002|p=38}}.</ref>  It was formerly located in St Margaret's Street but moved to the present location in 1984.<ref name="our history">{{cite web |title=Our History |url=http://www.marlowetheatre.com/page/3102/Our-history |website=Marlowe Theatre |access-date=25 August 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150920214925/http://www.marlowetheatre.com/page/3102/Our-history |archive-date=20 September 2015}}</ref> It was completely rebuilt in 2011 with a main 1,200-seat auditorium and secondary performance space. Its modern structure is a landmark across the city.<ref name="tech">{{Cite web|url=https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/theatre-design-marlowe-theatre-canterbury-by-keith-williams-architects-and-the-new-entertainment-venue-guildford-by-austin-smith-lord |title=Theatre design: Marlowe Theatre, Canterbury by Keith Williams Architects and... |website=Architects Journal |first=Felix |last=Mara |date=17 December 2010 |access-date=28 July 2022|archive-date=28 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220728181848/https://www.architectsjournal.co.uk/news/theatre-design-marlowe-theatre-canterbury-by-keith-williams-architects-and-the-new-entertainment-venue-guildford-by-austin-smith-lord|url-status=live}}</ref>
The [[University of Kent]]'s [[Gulbenkian Theatre]] serves the city, and incorporates a cinema and café.<ref name="gulbenkian">{{citation |url=http://www.kent.ac.uk/gulbenkian |title=The Gulbenkian Theatre |publisher=University of Kent |place=UK |date=25 May 2008 |access-date=25 May 2008 |archive-date=21 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521074545/http://www.kent.ac.uk/gulbenkian/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Other theatrical performances take place at [[Canterbury Cathedral]] and [[St Augustine's Abbey]].<ref name="marlowe">{{citation |url=http://www.marlowetheatre.com/ |title=The Marlowe Theatre |place=Canterbury, Kent, UK |access-date=25 May 2008 |archive-date=14 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514210326/http://www.marlowetheatre.com/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The oldest surviving theatre building in Canterbury is The Shakespeare bar which had been a playhouse in the [[Tudor period]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.shakespearecanterbury.co.uk|title=The Shakespeare |website=shakespearecanterbury.co.uk |access-date=23 January 2021 |archive-date=23 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123131903/https://www.shakespearecanterbury.com/ |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Theatre companies]] in Canterbury include The Canterbury Players.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.thecanterburyplayers.co.uk/ |title=The Canterbury Players: Canterbury's leading amateur dramatics group |access-date=18 June 2009 |archive-date=1 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090401232807/http://www.thecanterburyplayers.co.uk/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Canterbury Holland Chaucer statue.jpg|thumb|upright|Statue of [[Geoffrey Chaucer]], author of ''[[The Canterbury Tales]]'' ]]

=== Music ===

{{see also|Canterbury Cathedral#Music}}

In common with many English towns and cities in the [[Middle Ages]], Canterbury employed a band of [[Wait (musician)|waits]]. There are records of payments to the waits from 1402, though they probably existed earlier. The waits were disbanded by the city authorities in 1641 for 'misdemeanors' but reinstated in 1660 when they played for the visit of [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]] on his return from exile.<ref>James M. Gibson, 'The Canterbury Waits', in: ''Records of Early English Drama. Kent: Diocese of Canterbury''. University of Toronto Press and The British Library, 2002.</ref> Civic waits were ultimately abolished nationally by the [[Municipal Corporations Act 1835]] but a modern, early music group called The Canterbury Waits has revived the name.<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20090207022656/http://themusickcabinet.co.uk/Canterbury_Waits.aspx The Canterbury Waits]}}. Themusickcabinet.co.uk (30 July 2011). Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref>

Canterbury's Catch Club was a musical and social club which met in the city between 1779 and 1865. Its male club members met weekly in the winter and employed an orchestra to assist in performances for the first half of their evening. After an interval, the members sang [[Catch (music)|catches]] and [[Glee (music)|glees]] from the club's extensive music library which is now deposited at Canterbury Cathedral's archives.<ref>[http://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/history/libraries.aspx Canterbury Cathedral Library] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914211157/http://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/history/libraries.aspx |date=14 September 2010 }}. Canterbury-cathedral.org. Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref>

In the late 1960s and early 1970s the [[Canterbury Scene]] emerged comprising [[progressive rock]], [[avant-garde]] and [[jazz]] musicians established within the city. Members included [[Soft Machine]], [[Caravan (band)|Caravan]], [[Matching Mole]], [[Egg (band)|Egg]], [[Hatfield and the North]], [[National Health]], [[Gilgamesh (band)|Gilgamesh]], [[Soft Heap]], [[Khan (band)|Khan]] and [[In Cahoots]].<ref name="Canterbury Scene">{{cite web| title = Canterbury Scene| website = AllMusic| url = https://www.allmusic.com/explore/style/d10981| access-date = 29 May 2008| archive-date = 11 January 2023| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20230111040424/https://www.allmusic.com/style/canterbury-scene-ma0000012298| url-status = live}}</ref> [[Ian Dury]], front man of 1970s rock band [[Ian Dury and the Blockheads]], taught [[Fine Art]] at [[Canterbury College of Art]] and early incarnations of his band [[Kilburn and the High Roads]] performed in the city.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.iandury.co.uk/biography/ |title=Biography |website=Ian Dury |access-date=26 August 2019 |archive-date=16 August 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190816113519/http://www.iandury.co.uk/biography/ |url-status=live}}</ref> Canterbury Choral Society give regular concerts in Canterbury Cathedral, typically large-scale classical [[choral]] works.<ref>[http://www.mdesignsolutions.co.uk/cgi-bin/ccs/index.html Canterbury Choral Society] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100915003220/http://www.mdesignsolutions.co.uk/cgi-bin/ccs/index.html |date=15 September 2010 }}. Mdesignsolutions.co.uk (18 June 2011). Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref> The Canterbury Orchestra, founded in 1953, perform major works from the [[symphonic]] repertoire.<ref>[http://www.canterburyorchestra.org.uk/ The Canterbury Orchestra] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527052946/http://www.canterburyorchestra.org.uk/ |date=27 May 2011 }}. The Canterbury Orchestra (8 January 2010). Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref> Other local musical groups include the Canterbury Singers, founded in 1953; Cantemus; and the City of Canterbury Chamber Choir.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canterburychamberchoir.org.uk/|title=City of Canterbury Chamber Choir|access-date=21 December 2009|archive-date=12 December 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091212020411/http://www.canterburychamberchoir.org.uk/|url-status=live}}</ref>

The [[Canterbury Festival]] takes place over two weeks in October including musical events ranging from [[opera]] and [[symphony]] concerts to [[world music]], jazz and [[folk music|folk]].<ref>[http://www.canterburyfestival.co.uk/ Welcome to the Canterbury Festival, Kent's International Arts Festival | Home] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011125227/http://canterburyfestival.co.uk/ |date=11 October 2008 }}. Canterburyfestival.co.uk (13 August 2011). Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref> From 2006 to 2015 the July [[Lounge On The Farm]] music festival presented [[rock music|rock]], [[indie music|indie]] and [[dance music|dance]] artists near Canterbury.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Warren |first1=Gerry |title=Lounge on the Farm festival shelved for a year |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/lounge-on-the-farm-festival-34057/ |access-date=30 June 2021 |archive-date=9 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210709181304/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/lounge-on-the-farm-festival-34057/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Sport ===

[[File:Canterbury Cricket.JPG|thumb|left|[[St Lawrence Ground]] ]]

'''Cricket'''
<br />
Canterbury is the home of [[Kent County Cricket Club]], with the [[St Lawrence Ground]] hosting many of the team's matches. It has also been used for several [[One Day International]]s, including an England match during the [[1999 Cricket World Cup]].<ref name="stlawrenceground">{{cite web|url=http://www.cricinfo.com/england/content/ground/56869.html|title=St Lawrence Ground|publisher=[[Cricinfo]]|access-date=26 August 2009|archive-date=15 August 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090815060330/http://www.cricinfo.com/england/content/ground/56869.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
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<br />
The St Lawrence Ground is notable for being one of only two grounds used regularly for first-class cricket that have had a tree within the boundary, the other being the [[City Oval]] in [[Pietermaritzburg]].
<br />
<br />
'''American Football'''
<br />
There have been multiple [[American football]] teams based in Canterbury since the game was popularised in the UK. Currently, the city is the home of the [[East Kent Mavericks]], 2023 [[BAFA National Leagues]] Southern Football Conference 2 Champions, as well as teams from both universities.
<br />
<br />
'''Football'''
<br />
[[Canterbury City F.C.]] reformed in 2007 as a [[community interest company]] and currently compete in the [[Southern Counties East Football League]]. The previous incarnation of the club folded in 2001.<ref>{{cite web| title = Canterbury City F.C| publisher = Canterbury City F.C.| url = http://www.canterburycityfc.org| access-date = 29 December 2018| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180809180354/http://canterburycityfc.org/| archive-date = 9 August 2018| url-status = dead| df = dmy-all}}</ref>
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'''Rugby'''
<br />
[[Canterbury RFC]] were founded in 1926 and became the first East Kent club to achieve National League status and currently play in the fourth tier, [[National League 2 South]].<ref>{{cite web|title=A Brief History of Canterbury RFC |publisher=Canterbury RFC |url=http://www.cantrugby.co.uk/history.htm |access-date=29 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422211708/http://www.cantrugby.co.uk/history.htm |archive-date=22 April 2008 }}</ref>
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<br />
'''Tour de France'''
<br />
The cycling [[Tour de France]] passed through the city in 1994, and again in 2007 when it hosted the finish for Stage 1.<ref>{{cite web|title=Tour de France Canterbury |publisher=Canterbury City Council |url=http://www.canterbury.gov.uk/tourdefrance |access-date=29 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080426141530/http://www.canterbury.gov.uk/tourdefrance |archive-date=26 April 2008 }}</ref> <br />
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'''Hockey'''
<br />
[[Canterbury Hockey Club]] is one of the largest in the country; it enters teams in both the [[Men's England Hockey League|Men's]] and [[Women's England Hockey League]]s.<ref name="canters-hockey">[http://polofarm.org/chc/Pages/13/About-CHC.aspx About Canterbury Hockey Club] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080514152155/http://polofarm.org/chc/Pages/13/About-CHC.aspx |date=14 May 2008 }}. Canterbury Hockey Club. Retrieved on 25 May 2008</ref>  Former Olympic gold medal winner [[Sean Kerly]] has been a member.<ref name="kerly-coach">[https://archive.today/20110717035955/http://www.thetownguide.com/Canterbury/Index.asp?p=1 Canterbury]. Tourist Guide & Directory. Retrieved on 25 May 2008</ref>
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'''Public Facilities'''
<br />
Public sporting facilities are provided at Kingsmead Leisure Centre, including a {{convert|33|m|ft|0|adj=on}} swimming pool and sports hall for football, basketball, and badminton.<ref>{{cite web| title = Kingsmead Leisure Centre – Our Facilities | publisher=Active Life| url = http://www.activelifeltd.co.uk/facilities.php|  access-date =29 May 2008| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080514134631/http://www.activelifeltd.co.uk/facilities.php | archive-date =14 May 2008}}</ref>

== Education ==

=== Universities ===

[[File:Darwin College - UKC.JPG|thumb|Darwin College, part of the University of Kent campus]]

Canterbury hosts some 31,000 [[students]] and has the highest student to permanent resident ratio in the UK.<ref name="perc">Kentish Gazette 14 May 2015</ref> They attend three [[universities]], and other higher education institutions.<ref>Higher and Further Education in the Canterbury District: An Impact Review [http://www.canterbury.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/166/higher_and_further_education_impact_review_document.pdf] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123131855/https://www.canterbury.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/166/higher_and_further_education_impact_review_document.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123131855/http://www.canterbury.gov.uk/download/downloads/id/166/higher_and_further_education_impact_review_document.pdf|archive-date=23 January 2021|url-status=live|date=23 January 2021}}</ref> The [[University of Kent]]'s main [[campus]] extends to {{convert|600|acre|ha|0}} and is situated on Saint Stephen's Hill, a mile north of Canterbury city centre. In 2014, it enrolled around 20,000 students.<ref name="profile">{{cite web|title=University profile |publisher=University of Kent |url=http://www.kent.ac.uk/about/statistics.html |access-date=28 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080602085351/http://www.kent.ac.uk/about/statistics.html |archive-date=2 June 2008 }}</ref> [[Canterbury Christ Church University]] was founded as a [[teacher training]] college in 1962 by the [[Church of England]]; in 2005 it became a university. In 2024, it had around 30,000 students.<ref name="Christ Church">{{cite web | title =History | publisher =Canterbury Christ Church University | url =http://www.canterbury.ac.uk/about/history.asp | access-date =28 May 2008 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20071012030122/http://www.canterbury.ac.uk/about/history.asp | archive-date =12 October 2007 | url-status =dead | df =dmy-all }}</ref> The [[Franciscan]] International Study Centre is close to the University of Kent campus.<ref name="franciscans">{{cite web |url-status=dead |url=http://www.franciscans.ac.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180706113749/http://www.franciscans.ac.uk/ |archive-date=6 July 2018 |website= Franciscans.ac.uk |access-date=25 May 2008 |title=Welcome - Franciscans }}</ref>

=== Schools ===
[[File:King's School canterbury 7687.jpg|thumb|The King's School]]

[[The King's School, Canterbury|King's School]] is the oldest [[secondary school]] in the United Kingdom. St. Augustine established it shortly after his 597 arrival in Canterbury though documented history of it only began after [[dissolution of the monasteries]] in the 16th century, when it took the present name in honour of [[Henry VIII]].<ref name="King’s">{{cite web|title=A Brief History of the King's School, Canterbury |publisher=The King's School |url=http://www.kings-school.co.uk/document_1.aspx?id=1:31887&id=1:31658&id=1:31637 |access-date=28 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928010901/http://www.kings-school.co.uk/document_1.aspx?id=1%3A31887&id=1%3A31658&id=1%3A31637 |archive-date=28 September 2011 }}</ref>

The city's secondary [[grammar schools]] are [[Barton Court Grammar School]], [[Simon Langton Grammar School for Boys]] and [[Simon Langton Girls' Grammar School]], all of which in 2008 had over 93% of their pupils gain five or more [[GCSE]]s at grades A* to C including English and maths.<ref name="GCSE">{{cite news| title = Secondary schools in Kent: GCSE-level| work = BBC News| url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/shared/bsp/hi/education/08/school_tables/secondary_schools/html/886_gcse_lea.stm| date = 15 January 2000| access-date = 31 July 2009| archive-date = 23 January 2021| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20210123131857/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/bsp/hi/education/08/school_tables/secondary_schools/html/886_gcse_lea.stm| url-status = live}}</ref>

== Transport ==

=== Rail ===

<!--[[File:CBE1.jpg|thumb|[[Canterbury East railway station|Canterbury East Railway Station]] ]] -->[[File:Canterbury West railway station building.JPG|thumb|[[Canterbury West railway station|Canterbury West Railway Station]]]]

The pioneering [[Canterbury & Whitstable Railway]], known locally as the ''Crab and Winkle line'', had a terminus at [[Canterbury North Lane railway station|North Lane station]]. It ran from 3 May 1830 to 1953 and was the first regular passenger steam railway in the world.<ref name="Martin225-231">Graham Martin, ''From Vision to Reality: the Making of the University of Kent at Canterbury'' ([[University of Kent at Canterbury]], 1990) pages 225–231 {{ISBN|0-904938-03-4}}</ref> [[Canterbury South railway station]] was sited on the [[Elham Valley Railway]]. The station opened in 1889 and closed, along with the rest of the railway, in 1947.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Hart |first=Brian |title=The Elham Valley Railway |publisher=Wild Swan Books |year=2015 |isbn=9780953877126 |location=Bath}}</ref>

[[Canterbury West railway station]] is operated by [[Southeastern (train operating company)|Southeastern]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Canterbury West Railway Station |url=https://abcrailwayguide.uk/cbw-canterbury-west-railway-station/facilities |website=The ABC Railway Guide |access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610095342/https://abcrailwayguide.uk/cbw-canterbury-west-railway-station/facilities |url-status=live }}</ref> <!--It was opened to trains from [[Ashford International railway station|Ashford]] and [[Ramsgate railway station|Ramsgate]] in 1846.--><!--{{As of|2022}}, it is served by [[High Speed 1]] trains to [[London St Pancras]]; slower stopping services to [[London Charing Cross]], and [[London Victoria]], as well as by trains to Ramsgate and [[Margate railway station|Margate]].{{cn|date=December 2022}}-->
[[Canterbury East railway station]], (Canterbury's other station) is also operated by Southeastern.<ref>{{cite web |title=Canterbury East Railway Station |url=https://abcrailwayguide.uk/cbe-canterbury-east-railway-station/facilities |website=The ABC Railway Guide |access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610095705/https://abcrailwayguide.uk/cbe-canterbury-east-railway-station/facilities |url-status=live }}</ref><!--was opened by the [[London, Chatham & Dover Railway]] in 1860.--><!--{{As of|2022}}, services from [[London Victoria]] stop at Canterbury East and continue to [[Dover Priory railway station|Dover]].{{cn|date=December 2022}}--> There is no direct interchange between Canterbury West and Canterbury East stations because the two railways into the city were built by rival companies. [[Canterbury Parkway railway station]] has been proposed as an additional station outside of the city, with links to both lines.<ref>{{cite news |date=31 August 2018 |title=MP Rosie Duffield in talks over proposals for new Canterbury Parkway railway station |work=Kent Online |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/mp-in-talks-over-third-train-station-188985/ |url-status=live |access-date=10 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109031453/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/mp-in-talks-over-third-train-station-188985/ |archive-date=9 November 2020}}</ref>

=== Bus ===

[[File:Canterbury Coach stn.JPG|thumb|right|Canterbury Bus Station]]

[[Stagecoach in East Kent|Stagecoach]] run local bus routes in Canterbury, as well as long-distance services. Its [[bio fuel]] 'Unibus' service operates between the city centre and [[University of Kent]].<ref>[http://www.canterburytimes.co.uk/Greener-bio-buses-cut-pollution-city/story-19848928-detail/story.html ''Canterbury Times'' (September 26, 2013). Retrieved May 9, 2016.]{{Dead link|date=July 2018|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}}</ref> Canterbury has two operational [[park and ride]] sites at Wincheap<ref>{{cite web |title=Wincheap Park & Ride – Car Park |url=https://en.parkopedia.co.uk/parking/carpark/wincheap_park_and_ride/ct1/canterbury/?arriving=202305051030&leaving=202305051230 |access-date=5 May 2023 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505091544/https://en.parkopedia.co.uk/parking/carpark/wincheap_park_and_ride/ct1/canterbury/?arriving=202305051030&leaving=202305051230 |url-status=live }}</ref> and New Dover Road,<ref>{{cite web |title=New Dover Road Park & Ride – Car Park |url=https://en.parkopedia.co.uk/parking/carpark/new_dover_road_park_and_ride/ct1/canterbury/?arriving=202305051030&leaving=202305051230 |access-date=5 May 2023 |archive-date=5 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230505091544/https://en.parkopedia.co.uk/parking/carpark/new_dover_road_park_and_ride/ct1/canterbury/?arriving=202305051030&leaving=202305051230 |url-status=live }}</ref> both intended for visitors arriving from the south by road.

=== Cycling ===

[[National Cycle Route 1|National Cycle Routes 1]] runs through Canterbury from Dover and [[Sandwich, Kent|Sandwich]] to [[Whitstable]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Route 1 |url=https://www.sustrans.org.uk/find-a-route-on-the-national-cycle-network/route-1/ |publisher=[[Sustrans]] |access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=8 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230608065709/https://www.sustrans.org.uk/find-a-route-on-the-national-cycle-network/route-1 |url-status=live }}</ref>  [[National Cycle Route 18]] runs from Canterbury to [[Ashford, Kent|Ashford]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Route 18 |url=https://www.sustrans.org.uk/find-a-route-on-the-national-cycle-network/route-18/ |publisher=[[Sustrans]] |access-date=10 June 2023 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610093838/https://www.sustrans.org.uk/find-a-route-on-the-national-cycle-network/route-18/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

== Local media ==

=== Newspapers ===
Canterbury's first newspaper was the ''[[Kentish Post]]'', founded in 1717.<ref name=Wiles>RM Wiles, ''Freshest advices: early provincial newspapers in England'', Ohio State University Press, 1965, p. 397.</ref> It merged with newly founded ''[[Kentish Gazette]]'' in 1768<ref>[http://www.kentonline.co.uk/km_group/km_group/history/over_150_years_of_history.aspx KM Group – Over 150 years of history] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090803172936/http://www.kentonline.co.uk/km_group/km_group/history/over_150_years_of_history.aspx |date=3 August 2009 }}. Kentonline.co.uk. Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref> which is still being published, claiming to be the country's second oldest surviving newspaper.<ref>[http://www.kentonline.co.uk/kentish_gazette/about_the_team.aspx About the team – Kentish Gazette] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090607115804/http://www.kentonline.co.uk/kentish_gazette/about_the_team.aspx |date=7 June 2009 }}. Kentonline.co.uk. Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref> It is currently produced as a paid-for newspaper by [[KM Group]] in [[Whitstable]] with a 25,000 circulation across East Kent.<ref>{{cite web |  title = Kentish Gazette |  publisher = The Newspaper Society and AdWeb Ltd |  url = http://www.nsdatabase.co.uk/newspaperdetail.cfm?paperid=561 |  access-date = 28 May 2008 |  archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060209110454/http://www.nsdatabase.co.uk/newspaperdetail.cfm?paperid=561 |  archive-date = 9 February 2006 |  url-status = usurped }}</ref>

Three free weekly newspapers provide local news. The [[Daily Mail and General Trust]]'s ''Canterbury Times'' has a circulation of 55,000.<ref>{{cite web
  |  title = Canterbury Adscene
  |  publisher = The Newspaper Society and AdWeb Ltd
  |  url = http://www.nsdatabase.co.uk/newspaperdetail.cfm?paperid=192
  |  access-date = 28 May 2008
|  archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060209110146/http://www.nsdatabase.co.uk/newspaperdetail.cfm?paperid=192
  |  archive-date = 9 February 2006
|  url-status = usurped
  }}</ref> Similar circulation ''Canterbury Extra'' is owned by [[KM Group]].<ref>{{cite web |  title = Canterbury KM Extra |  publisher = The Newspaper Society and AdWeb Ltd |  url = http://www.nsdatabase.co.uk/newspaperdetail.cfm?paperid=193 |  access-date = 28 May 2008 |  archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060209110155/http://www.nsdatabase.co.uk/newspaperdetail.cfm?paperid=193 |  archive-date = 9 February 2006 |  url-status = usurped }}</ref> ''yourcanterbury'' is published by [[KOS Media]], which also prints [[Kent on Sunday]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.yourcanterbury.co.uk|title=yourcanterbury website|website=KOS Media|access-date=6 September 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822093621/http://www.yourcanterbury.co.uk/|archive-date=22 August 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Radio===
Local radio stations are [[BBC Radio Kent]] on 104.2FM, [[Heart South]] on 102.8FM and [[KMFM Canterbury]] on 106FM. KMFM Canterbury was formerly KMFM106, and from foundation in 1997 until [[KM Group]] took control CTFM, a reference to Canterbury's CT postcode.<ref>[http://www.kmfm.co.uk/canterbury KMFM 106] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714221442/http://www.kmfm.co.uk/canterbury |date=14 July 2007 }} KMFM Canterbury Website. Retrieved on 30 May 2008.</ref> KMFM's studio moved from the city to [[Ashford, Kent|Ashford]] in 2008.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://radiotoday.co.uk/news.php?extend.2999|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120229060116/http://radiotoday.co.uk/news.php?extend.2999|url-status=dead|title=Co-location request for KMFM|archivedate=29 February 2012}}</ref> Canterbury [[Hospital Radio]] serves [[Kent and Canterbury Hospital]],<ref>[http://www.canterburyhr.org.uk Hospital radio]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100509212915/http://www.canterburyhr.org.uk/ |date=9 May 2010 }}. Canterbury Hospital Radio. Retrieved on 30 May 2008.</ref> and SBSLive's coverage is limited to the Simon Langton Boys School grounds.<ref name="langtonradio">[http://www.thelangton.org.uk/doDownload.php Simon Langton Grammar School for Boys]{{dead link|date=November 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}. Retrieved on 25 May 2008.</ref>

From 2007 to 2020 Canterbury was also served by the country's first student led community radio station CSR 97.4FM. CSR means "Canterbury Student Radio" but it was a radio station catering to the students of the University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University, other educational establishments and the wider community being a collaboration of the two university's and broadcasting from studios at both. It replaced the student radio stations that served both university's being UKCR and C4 Radio respectively. In 2020 due to the COVID pandemic the station management decided to hand back the FM licence to OFCOM due to rising costs and has been broadcasting online since. There are plans for CSR to go on the recently awarded digital radio multiplex when it launches in the near future.{{CN|date=November 2024}}

===Television===
Local news and television programmes are provided by [[BBC South East]] and [[ITV Meridian]] from the [[Dover transmitting station|Dover]] TV transmitter.

== Notable people ==

Composer [[Orlando Gibbons]] (1583–1625) died in Canterbury<ref>{{Cite book|url = https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000011092|isbn = 978-1-56159-263-0|doi = 10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.11092|title = Gibbons, Orlando|via = Grove Music Online|year = 2001|last1 = Huray|first1 = Peter Le|last2 = Harper|first2 = John|access-date = 5 October 2021|archive-date = 5 October 2021|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20211005224244/https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000011092|url-status = live}}</ref> and is commemorated by a marble bust and memorial tablet in the cathedral.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.canterbury-archaeology.org.uk/gibbons/4590809664|title=Gibbons – Canterbury History|access-date=5 October 2021|archive-date=31 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131030535/http://www.canterbury-archaeology.org.uk/gibbons/4590809664|url-status=dead}}</ref>
The grave of author [[Joseph Conrad]], in Canterbury Cemetery, is a Grade II [[listed building]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-454429-canterbury-city-cemetery-joseph-conrad-m|title=Canterbury City Cemetery: Joseph Conrad Memorial|website=britishlistedbuildings.co.uk|access-date=24 January 2015|archive-date=28 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128112653/http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/en-454429-canterbury-city-cemetery-joseph-conrad-m|url-status=live}}</ref>

Other people connected with Canterbury include:
{{columns-list|colwidth=22em|
* [[Aphra Behn]], restoration playwright and novelist<ref>{{cite news |last1=Topping |first1=Alexandra |title=Aphra Behn fans campaign for statue of playwright in Canterbury home |url=https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2021/jun/24/aphra-behn-fans-campaign-statue-canterbury |access-date=10 June 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=24 June 2021 |archive-date=10 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610082729/https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2021/jun/24/aphra-behn-fans-campaign-statue-canterbury |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Orlando Bloom]], actor<ref>{{cite web |title=Orlando Bloom |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bbbe788c1 |website=BFI |access-date=8 January 2022 |language=en |archive-date=8 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220108232529/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2bbbe788c1 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Thomas Sidney Cooper]], painter<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canterbury-archaeology.org.uk/cooper-ts/4590809476|title=cooper-ts – Canterbury History|website=www.canterbury-archaeology.org.uk|access-date=13 March 2019|archive-date=6 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106152540/http://www.canterbury-archaeology.org.uk/cooper-ts/4590809476|url-status=live}}</ref>
* [[Benjamin Chandler]], 18th-century surgeon<ref>{{cite web |title=Benjamin Chandler |url=https://history.rcplondon.ac.uk/inspiring-physicians/benjamin-chandler |website=Inspiring Physicians |publisher=Royal College of Physicians |access-date=18 April 2024}}</ref>
* [[Robert Davies (priest)|Robert Davies]], Anglican priest
* [[David Gower]], cricketer<ref name="Gower">{{cite news |title=David Gower lord of the manor |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/kent/content/articles/2007/08/10/david_gower_feature.shtml |access-date=29 May 2008 |archive-date=29 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080529053501/http://www.bbc.co.uk/kent/content/articles/2007/08/10/david_gower_feature.shtml |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[William Harvey]], physician<ref name=oks>{{cite web|title=Some Famous OKS |publisher=The King's School |url=http://www.kings-school.co.uk/document_1.aspx?id=1:31978&id=1:31658&id=1:31637 |access-date=28 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928010911/http://www.kings-school.co.uk/document_1.aspx?id=1%3A31978&id=1%3A31658&id=1%3A31637 |archive-date=28 September 2011 }}</ref>
* [[Joseph Jacobs (magician)|Joseph Jacobs]], magician
* [[Sir Freddie Laker]], airline entrepreneur<ref name="laker">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/feb/10/guardianobituaries|title=Sir Freddie Laker – British entrepreneur who pioneered low-cost air travel|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170105000525/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2006/feb/10/guardianobituaries |archive-date=5 January 2017|work=The Guardian|access-date=29 May 2008}}</ref>
* [[Christopher Marlowe]], poet and playwright<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite web|url=http://www2.prestel.co.uk/rey/biog.htm |title=Christopher Marlowe – Some biographical facts |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080623011034/http://www2.prestel.co.uk/rey/biog.htm |archive-date=23 June 2008|website=Prestel|access-date=29 May 2008}}</ref>
* [[W. Somerset Maugham]], writer<ref name=oks/> 
*[[Pink Pantheress]], singer<ref>{{cite news|date=13 March 2024|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/pinkpantheress-ethnicity-songstress-takes-pride-195437696.html|title=What Is Pinkpantheress' Ethnicity? How the Songstress Takes Pride In Her Kenyan Roots|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|access-date=18 April 2024|first=Hayley|last=Hynes}}</ref>
* [[Joseph McManners]], singer and actor<ref name="joemcman">{{cite web |url=http://www.joemcmanners.com/biography.html |title=Joseph McManners Biography |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081208121950/http://www.joemcmanners.com/biography.html |archive-date=8 December 2008 |website=JoeMcManners |access-date=25 May 2008}}</ref>
* [[Fiona Phillips]], TV presenter<ref name="fiona_phillips">{{cite web|url=http://www.lycos.com/info/fiona-phillips.html |title=Fiona Phillips |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502165623/http://www.lycos.com/info/fiona-phillips.html |archive-date=2 May 2008 |website=Lycos |access-date=29 May 2008}}</ref>
* [[Trevor Pinnock]], harpsichordist and conductor<ref name="trevor_pinnock">{{cite web|url=https://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Pinnock-Trevor.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030729065447/http://www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Pinnock-Trevor.htm|title=Trevor Pinnock (Conductor, Harpsichord)|author=Aryeh Oron|url-status=dead|archive-date=29 July 2003}}. Bach Cantatas.com. Retrieved on 16 December 2019</ref>
* [[Michael Powell]], film director<ref name=oks/>
* [[Edmund Reid]], detective<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/kent-policeman-who-hunted-for-jack-the-ripper-184044/ |title=Campaign to give policeman Edmund Reid who hunted Jack the Ripper a proper headstone |first=Jodie |last=Nesling |date=5 June 2018 |access-date=19 December 2022 |archive-date=28 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211028054214/https://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/kent-policeman-who-hunted-for-jack-the-ripper-184044/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Mary Tourtel]], creator of [[Rupert Bear]],<ref name="tourtel">{{cite web|url=http://www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Tourtel_Mary/Tourtel_Mary.htm |title=MARY TOURTEL (1879–1940) |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080507191651/http://www.chrisbeetles.com/pictures/artists/Tourtel_Mary/Tourtel_Mary.htm |archive-date=7 May 2008 |website=Chris Beetles |access-date=29 May 2008}}</ref>
* [[Mimi Webb]], singer<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.kentlive.news/news/celebs-tv/pop-star-mimi-webb-recalls-6979841|title=Pop star Mimi Webb recalls life in Canterbury after 'living a dream' touring US|first=Grace|last=Hoffman|date=21 April 2022|website=KentLive|access-date=19 December 2022|archive-date=19 December 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221219174926/https://www.kentlive.news/news/celebs-tv/pop-star-mimi-webb-recalls-6979841|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}

== International relations ==
Canterbury is [[twin towns|twinned]] with the following cities:

* [[Reims]], France<ref>[https://archive.today/20120721071647/http://www.canterbury.gov.uk/buildpage.php?id=1133 Canterbury City Council – Twinning contacts. Retrieved on 14 October 2009]. Canterbury.gov.uk (1 March 2011). Retrieved on 25 August 2011.</ref>
* [[Esztergom]], Hungary<ref>{{cite web |title=Testvérvárosok |url=https://www.esztergom.hu/esztergomi/onkormanyzat/testvervarosok/ |access-date=28 March 2021 |website=esztergom.hu |publisher=Esztergom |language=hu |archive-date=11 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411100848/https://esztergom.hu/esztergomi/onkormanyzat/testvervarosok/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Saint-Omer]], France, since 1995<ref name="Twin Towns 2011">[http://www.canterbury.gov.uk/main.cfm?objectid=828 Canterbury City Council – International Links. Retrieved on 17 January 2011] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110104113945/http://www.canterbury.gov.uk/main.cfm?objectid=828|date=4 January 2011}}</ref>
* [[Wimereux]], France, since 1995<ref name="Twin Towns 2011" />
* [[Certaldo]], Italy, since 1997<ref name="Twin Towns 2011" />
* [[Vladimir, Russia|Vladimir]], Russia, since 1997<ref name="Twin Towns 2011" />
* [[Mölndal]], Sweden, since 1997<ref name="Twin Towns 2011" />
* [[Tournai]], Belgium, since 1999<ref name="Twin Towns 2011" />
* [[Bloomington, Illinois]], United States<ref name="Twin Towns 2011" />

== Religion ==

In 597, [[Pope Gregory the Great]] sent [[Augustine of Canterbury|Augustine]] to convert its [[Æthelberht of Kent|King Æthelberht]] to Christianity. After the conversion, Canterbury, being a Roman town, was chosen by Augustine as the centre for his [[episcopal see]] in Kent, and an abbey and cathedral were built. Augustine thus became the first [[Archbishop of Canterbury]].<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=47–48}}.</ref> In 672, the [[Synod of Hertford]] gave the see of Canterbury authority over the entire English Church.<ref name="c4" /> In 978, Archbishop [[Dunstan]] refounded the abbey built by Augustine, and named it [[St Augustine's Abbey]].<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|p=53}}.</ref> In 1504 the cathedral's main tower, the Bell Harry Tower, was completed, ending 400&nbsp;years of building. [[Cardinal Wolsey]] visited in June 1518 and was given a present of fruit, nuts, and marchpane. During the [[Dissolution of the Monasteries]], the city's [[priory]], [[nunnery]] and three [[friaries]] were closed. St Augustine's Abbey, the 14th richest in England at the time, was surrendered to the Crown, and its church and [[cloister]] were levelled. The rest of the abbey was dismantled over the next 15&nbsp;years, although part of the site was converted to a palace.<ref>{{harvnb|Lyle|2002|pp=97–100}}.</ref>

After the murder of the Archbishop [[Thomas Becket]] at the cathedral in 1170, Canterbury became one of the most notable towns in Europe, as pilgrims from all parts of Christendom came to visit his shrine.<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite web |title=Descriptive Gazetteer entry for Canterbury |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/descriptions/entry_page.jsp?text_id=842560&word=NULL |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121022173006/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/descriptions/entry_page.jsp?text_id=842560&word=NULL |archive-date=22 October 2012 |access-date=28 May 2008 |publisher=Vision of Britain}}</ref> This [[Christian pilgrimage|pilgrimage]] provided the framework for [[Geoffrey Chaucer]]'s 14th-century collection of stories, ''[[The Canterbury Tales]]''.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer |url=http://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-canterbury-tales-by-geoffrey-chaucer |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160203075650/http://www.bl.uk/collection-items/the-canterbury-tales-by-geoffrey-chaucer |archive-date=3 February 2016 |access-date=6 February 2016 |website=British Library}}</ref> [[Thomas Becket]]'s shrine in the cathedral was demolished in 1538 by [[Henry VIII|King Henry VIII]], all the gold, silver, and jewels were removed to [[the Tower of London]], and Becket's images, name and feasts were obliterated throughout the kingdom, ending the [[Christian pilgrimage|pilgrimages]]. In 1620, [[Robert Cushman]] negotiated the lease of the ''[[Mayflower]]'' at 59 Palace Street for the purpose of transporting the [[Pilgrims]] to [[Americas|America]]. In 1647, during the [[English Civil War]], riots broke out when Canterbury's puritan mayor banned [[church service]]s on Christmas Day. In 1848, St Augustine's Abbey was refurbished for use as [[St Augustine's College, Canterbury|a missionary college]] for the [[Church of England]]'s representatives in the [[British Empire|British colonies]].{{sfn|Godfrey-Faussett|1878|p=29}} The extensive restoration of the cathedral that was underway in mid 2018 was part of a 2016–2021 schedule that includes replacement of the nave roof, improved landscaping and accessibility, new visitor facilities and a general external restoration.<ref>{{cite web |title=Physical Works |url=https://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/heritage/the-canterbury-journey/physicalworks/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622140240/https://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/heritage/the-canterbury-journey/physicalworks/ |archive-date=22 June 2018 |access-date=11 July 2018}}</ref> The so-called Canterbury Journey project was expected to cost nearly £25 million.<ref>{{cite web |date=23 June 2018 |title=Canterbury Cathedral £25 million restoration leaves it like a building site |url=http://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/canterbury-cathedral-25-million-restoration-leaves-it-like-a-building-site-185091/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180712032043/http://www.kentonline.co.uk/canterbury/news/canterbury-cathedral-25-million-restoration-leaves-it-like-a-building-site-185091/ |archive-date=12 July 2018 |access-date=11 July 2018}}</ref>

[[Canterbury Cathedral]] is Mother Church of the [[Anglican Communion]] and seat of the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]]. Founded in 597&nbsp;AD by [[Augustine of Canterbury|Augustine]], it forms a [[World Heritage Site]], along with Saxon [[St Martin's Church, Canterbury|St. Martin's Church]] and the ruins of [[St Augustine's Abbey]].  The cathedral receives a million visitors annually and is one of the most visited places in the country. [[Church service|Services]] are held three or more times a day.<ref>{{cite web |title=Canterbury Cathedral |url=http://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/index.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615061813/http://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/index.aspx |archive-date=15 June 2008 |access-date=30 May 2008 |publisher=Canterbury Cathedral}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=3 October 2006 |title=Crumbling cathedral 'needs £50m' |work=BBC News |url=http://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/index.aspx |url-status=dead |access-date=30 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080615061813/http://www.canterbury-cathedral.org/index.aspx |archive-date=15 June 2008}}</ref>

[[St Thomas of Canterbury Church, Canterbury|St Thomas of Canterbury Church]] is the only [[Roman Catholic]] church in the city and contains [[relics]] of [[Thomas Becket]].<ref name="stock">[http://taking-stock.org.uk/Home/Dioceses/Archdiocese-of-Southwark/Canterbury-St-Thomas-of-Canterbury/ Canterbury – St Thomas of Canterbury] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204204413/http://taking-stock.org.uk/Home/Dioceses/Archdiocese-of-Southwark/Canterbury-St-Thomas-of-Canterbury/|date=4 February 2016}} from [[English Heritage]], retrieved 29 January 2016</ref>
<!--
The [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] is the [[primate (bishop)|primate]] of the [[Church of England]] and the worldwide [[Anglican Communion]] owing to the importance of [[Augustine of Canterbury|St Augustine]], who served as the [[apostle]] to the [[Anglo-Saxon paganism|pagan]] [[Kingdom of Kent]] around the turn of the 7th century. The city's [[Canterbury Cathedral|cathedral]] became a major focus of [[Christian pilgrimage|pilgrimage]] following the 1170 [[Martyr of the Faith|martyrdom]] of [[Thomas Becket]], although it had already been a well-trodden pilgrim destination since the murder of [[St Alphege]] by the men of [[King Canute]] in 1012. A journey of pilgrims to Becket's shrine served as the [[narrative frame|frame]] for [[Geoffrey Chaucer]]'s 14th-century [[Western canon|classic]] ''[[The Canterbury Tales]]''.-->

<gallery mode="packed" heights=150>
File:Augustine Abbey.jpg|St. Augustine's Abbey gateway
File:Staugustinescanterburyrotundanaveandcathedral (square).jpg|St. Augustine's Abbey
File:Canterbury Cathedral from the cloisters.jpg|[[Canterbury Cathedral]]
File:Canterbury Cathedral altar 8.jpg|Canterbury Cathedral
File:Christchurch Gate, Canterbury Cathedral.tif|Christchurch Gate, Canterbury Cathedral
</gallery>

==In popular culture==
Chaucer’s text became the inspiration for the 1944 British film, ''[[A Canterbury Tale]]'' by [[Michael Powell]] and [[Emeric Pressburger]], starring Eric Portman, Sheila Sim, Dennis Price and Sgt. John Sweet, filmed in the city in the aftermath of the destruction caused by German bombing during World War Two.

In more recent popular culture, Canterbury appeared in [[Russell Hoban]]’s 1980 post apocalyptic novel ''[[Riddley Walker]],'' renamed "Cambry".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Places – Riddley Walker Annotations |url=http://www.errorbar.net/rw/Places |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210729025537/http://www.errorbar.net/rw/Places |archive-date=29 July 2021 |access-date=21 August 2022 |website=Errorbar}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Sources ==
* {{cite EB9 |mode=cs2 |authorlink=Thomas Godfrey Faussett |first=Thomas Godfrey |last=Godfrey-Faussett  |wstitle=Canterbury (1.) |volume=5 |pages=28–30 }}
* {{citation |last=Butler |first=Derek |date=2002 |title=A Century of Canterbury |publisher=Sutton Publishing  |isbn=978-0-7509-3243-1 }}
* {{citation |last=Lyle |first=Marjorie |date=2002 |title=Canterbury: 2000 Years of History |publisher=Tempus |isbn=978-0-7524-1948-0 }}
* {{citation |last=Tellem |first=Geraint |date=2002 |title=Canterbury and Kent |publisher=Jarrold Publishing |isbn=978-0-7117-2079-4 }}

== External links ==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikivoyage|Canterbury (England)|Canterbury}}
* [https://www.canterbury.gov.uk/ Canterbury City Council]
* [https://www.canterburybuildings.co.uk/ Canterbury Buildings website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211164735/http://canterburybuildings.co.uk/ |date=11 December 2023 }} – Archaeological and [[heritage site]] of Canterbury's buildings.

{{Canterbury}}
{{Kent}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Canterbury| ]]
[[Category:Cities in South East England]]
[[Category:City of Canterbury]]
[[Category:Coloniae (Roman)]]
[[Category:Former civil parishes in Kent]]
[[Category:Holy cities]]
[[Category:Market towns in Kent]]
[[Category:Unparished areas in Kent]]