Editing Canal Fulton, Ohio

{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2023}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name            = Canal Fulton, Ohio
|settlement_type          = [[City]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    =

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Ohio-Erie Canal in Canal Fulton.jpg
|imagesize                = 250px
|image_caption            = Along the [[Ohio and Erie Canal]]
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               =

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Map of Stark County Ohio Highlighting Canal Fulton City.png
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Canal Fulton in Stark County
|pushpin_map              = Ohio#USA
|pushpin_relief           = yes
|pushpin_label            = Canal Fulton

<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = United States
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Ohio]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Ohio|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Stark County, Ohio|Stark]]

<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         =

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 20, 2022}}</ref>
|area_magnitude           = 
|area_total_km2           = 9.00
|area_land_km2            = 8.84
|area_water_km2           = 0.16
|area_total_sq_mi         = 3.48
|area_land_sq_mi          = 3.41
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.06

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_est           = 5333
|pop_est_as_of            = 2023
|pop_est_footnotes        = <ref name="2023 est">{{cite web |title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Ohio: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023 |url=https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2023/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2023-POP-39.xlsx |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=7 June 2024}}</ref>
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 5325
|population_density_sq_mi = 1561.13
|population_density_km2   = 602.70

<!-- General information -->
|timezone1                = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset1              = -05:00
|timezone1_DST            = EDT
|utc_offset1_DST          = -04:00
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 971
|coordinates              = {{coord|40|53|23|N|81|35|43|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 44614
|area_code                = [[Area code 330|330]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 39-11304<ref name="GR2">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 31, 2008 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref>
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2393726<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2393726}}</ref>
|website                  = {{URL|http://www.cityofcanalfulton-oh.gov/}}
|footnotes                = 
}}

'''Canal Fulton''' is a city in western [[Stark County, Ohio]], United States, along the [[Tuscarawas River]]. The population was 5,325 at the time of the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]]. It is part of the [[Canton–Massillon, Ohio metropolitan area|Canton–Massillon metropolitan area]].

==History==
Canal Fulton traces its history to three villages that developed along the [[Tuscarawas River]]. Milan was platted on March 23, 1814, by Matthew Rowland who arrived by ox team. It was the first settlement west of the Tuscarawas River in Stark County. Fulton was platted on May 16, 1826, changed its name to Canal Fulton in 1832, and later incorporated as a village. The present name is an amalgamation of the [[Ohio Canal]] and the name of a local pioneer, Ben Fulton.<ref>{{cite book |last=Overman |first=William Daniel |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015015361465;view=1up;seq=38 |title=Ohio Town Names |publisher=Atlantic Press |year=1958 |location=Akron, OH |page=22}}</ref> In 1843, President [[John Quincy Adams]] visited.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Butzer |first=Heath |date=July 27, 2014 |title=Canal Fulton timeline, 1814-2014 |work=The Repository |url=http://www.cantonrep.com/article/20140727/NEWS/140729370 |access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref>

=== Indigenous displacement ===
The land that would become Canal Fulton was part of broader territories shared between several Native American tribes, including [[Wyandot people|Wyandot]], [[Lenape]] (Delaware), [[Shawnee]], [[Odawa|Odawa (Ottawa)]], [[Ojibwe|Ojibwe (Chippewa)]], [[Potawatomi]], [[Miami people|Miami]], [[Eel River Athapaskan peoples|Eel River]], [[Wea]], [[Kickapoo people|Kickapoo]], [[Piankeshaw|Piankishaw]], [[Munsee]], and [[Kaskaskia]].

The United States pressed these nations to cede territory to the west of the Tuscarawas in 1785 and to the east in 1805, paving the way for settlers like Rowland to claim divisions.

[[Treaty of Fort McIntosh|The Treaty of Fort McIntosh]] in 1785 claimed land west of the Ohio to the Tuscarawas from Wyandot, Delaware, Shawnee, Ottawa, Chippewa, Potawatomi, Miami, Eel River, Wea, Kickapoo, Piankishaw, and Kaskaskia Native Americans. The [[Land Ordinance of 1785]] set the precedent for the division and distribution of these lands.

With the [[Treaty of Fort Industry]] in July 4, 1805, Wyandot, Ottawa, Chippewa, Munsee, Delaware, Shawnee, and Potawatomi land east of the Tuscarawas was claimed by the United States and made open to white settlers.

With the [[Treaty of Fort Meigs|Treaty of Maumee Rapids]] in 1817 and the [[Treaty of St. Mary's (1818)|Treaty of St. Mary’s]] in 1818, all lands in Ohio were claimed by the United States.

=== Frontier life ===
In the County of Stark just outside the [[Connecticut Western Reserve]], on lands known as the [[Congress Lands]], frontier life was dangerous and difficult. Settlers encountered Native Americans attempting to defend their families and territory, confrontations with wild beasts, and difficulty in transportation.

Settlers arrived on canoe or foot from Cleveland by way of the Cuyahoga to the Portage to the Tuscarawas rivers or by ox-drawn cart following the state road from Pennsylvania to Canton then cutting wider Indian trails to their destination.

=== Land survey ===
Foresighted surveyors while platting Stark County had included “Fractions” of land west of the Tuscarawas. The surveying went according to the laws of the Land Ordinance of 1785, which provided for six-mile square townships to be created in the newly acquired land, the township would then be divided into one-square mile sections, with each section encompassing 640 acres. Each section received its own number. Section sixteen was set aside for a public school. The federal government reserved sections eight, eleven, twenty-six, and twenty-nine to provide veterans of the [https://www.archives.gov/files/research/military/bounty-land-1775-1855.pdf American Revolution with land bounties] for their service during the war. The government would sell the remaining sections at public auction. The minimum bid was 640 dollars per section or one dollar for every acre of land in each section.

The fraction in the northwest part of [[Stark County, Ohio|Stark County]] was settled before the land on the east bank of the Tuscarawas. The west side of the river was chosen because of the roads that already existed (old Cleveland-Massillon Road also known as the “army road” or “territorial road” because it was cut during the War of 1812, when the Government needed access to Fort Meigs). Also, it was believed the west side had better quality soil. However, the primary reason the west side of river was chosen was because east of the Tusc, the surveys were in two-section areas (with additional surveying the responsibility of the settler) and west of the River the surveys were done on a one-section basis. Most settlers only wanted to farm (and purchase) a one-section area.

=== Rowland's purchase ===
Matthew Rowland purchased one of these fractions of land and recorded the proprietorship at Canton on March 23, 1814. Rowland [https://wiki.canalfultonlibrary.org/index.php?title=File:1814milanplat.jpg platted the town] and offered the 79 lots for sale at a public auction in Canton.

The town was named [[Milan, Ohio|Milan]], after the Lombardian city of Milan in Italy. It was fashionable at the time to [[List of U.S. places named after non-U.S. places|name frontier towns after European cities]] (witness Paris, Ohio, founded in Stark two months before Milan).

=== Developing the region ===
Rowland’s son-in-law built the first structure in Milan (a log cabin), and Rowland soon added a gristmill and a sawmill. Neither was very successful.

The Township that Milan would become a part of was laid off in December 1815. Lawrence Township was named after Captain James Lawrence famous for his last words during the War of 1812 battle between the American Chesapeake, and the British frigate the Shannon, “Don’t Give up the Ship”. These words are now the township’s motto.

Milan was the only village in the township until the [https://cfheritage.org/3cf.html building of the canal] between 1826 and 1828, which brought about the town of Fulton on the other side of the river. Milan boasted churches, cemeteries, and a grocery built to service the hundreds of canal workers. Fulton surpassed Milan though and the prefix Canal was added.

For a brief time with the coming of the B & O railroad, Milan once again eclipsed the Port of Canal Fulton. American transportation such as it is, even this balance was tipped again because all the main highways favored the Fulton side of the river. Today Milan no longer exists as it incorporated into Canal Fulton in 1853. It is, however, a quiet residential area, and most in Canal Fulton are aware of the little village’s beginnings.

In 1850 the first permanent community school began operation and railroad operations began.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cantonrep.com/article/20140727/NEWS/140729370|title=Canal Fulton timeline, 181xfr@3+×4-014|last=Butzer|date=July 27, 2014|work=The Repository|access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> In 1853, Canal Fulton absorbed both Milan and West Fulton.<ref name="History">{{cite web|title=History|publisher=City of Canal Fulton|access-date=September 16, 2013|url=http://www.cityofcanalfulton-oh.gov/CityInfo/History.aspx|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130906094631/http://cityofcanalfulton-oh.gov/CityInfo/History.aspx|archive-date=September 6, 2013|url-status=dead}}</ref> In 1855, Union School building was completed and had two rooms accommodating 100 students.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cantonrep.com/article/20140727/NEWS/140729370|title=Canal Fulton timeline, 1814-2014|last=Butzer|first=Heath|date=July 27, 2014|work=The Repository|access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> In 1869, the construction of railroad was completed on the west side of the river.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cantonrep.com/article/20140727/NEWS/140729370|title=Canal Fulton timeline, 1814-2014|work=The Repository|access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref> 1870 Addition built at Union School.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Pauletbh|first=G.|last2=Roncin|first2=G.|last3=Vidal|first3=E.|last4=Toulouse|first4=P.|last5=Dassonville|first5=J.|date=November 1975|title=Fluorocarbons and general metabolism in the rat, rabbit, and dog|journal=Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology|volume=34|issue=2|pages=197–203|issn=0041-008X|pmid=1870|doi=10.1016/0041-008x(75)90024-1}}</ref> In 1873, The warehouse converted to Opera House.<ref name="Cariello 353–357">{{Cite journal|last=Cariello|first=L.|last2=D'Aniello|first2=A.|date=November 1975|title=Isolation and characterization of four toxic protein fractions from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata|journal=Toxicon|volume=13|issue=5|pages=353–357|issn=0041-0101|pmid=1875|doi=10.1016/0041-0101(75)90195-6}}</ref> In 1874, Canal Fulton approves organization of a fire department, although one was in existence in the early 1800s. Fire department gets first modern steam-operated pumper.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Viljoen|first=C. C.|last2=Botes|first2=D. P.|last3=Schabort|first3=J. C.|date=November 1975|title=Spectral properties of Bitis gabonica venom phospholipase A2 in the presence of divalent metal ion, substrate and hydrolysis products|journal=Toxicon|volume=13|issue=5|pages=343–351|issn=0041-0101|pmid=1874|doi=10.1016/0041-0101(75)90194-4}}</ref> In 1875, Sts. Philip and James School founded.<ref name="Cariello 353–357" />

In 1876, German immigrants came to area as strikebreakers for coal industry.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Béress|first=L.|last2=Béress|first2=R.|date=November 1975|title=Purification of three polypeptides with neuro- and cardiotoxic activity from the sea anemone Anemonia sulcata|journal=Toxicon|volume=13|issue=5|pages=359–367|issn=0041-0101|pmid=1876|doi=10.1016/0041-0101(75)90196-8}}</ref> In 1886, new school built to accommodate 12 grades.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.cantonrep.com/article/20140727/NEWS/140729370|title=Canal Fulton timeline, 1814-2014|work=The Repository|access-date=July 20, 2018}}</ref>

==Geography==
Canal Fulton is located along the [[Tuscarawas River]].<ref>DeLorme (1991), ''Ohio Atlas & Gazetteer'',  Yarmouth, Maine {{ISBN|0-89933-233-1}}</ref>

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has a total area of {{convert|3.32|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, of which {{convert|3.26|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is land and {{convert|0.06|sqmi|sqkm|2}} is water.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web |title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=January 6, 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=July 2, 2012 }}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1870= 1048
|1880= 1196
|1890= 1173
|1900= 1172
|1910= 978
|1920= 1057
|1930= 1160
|1940= 1115
|1950= 1258
|1960= 1555
|1970= 2367
|1980= 3481
|1990= 4157
|2000= 5061
|2010= 5479
|2020= 5325
|estyear=2023
|estimate=5333
|estref=<ref name="2023 est"/>
|footnote=Sources:<ref name=Census1870>{{cite web|title=Population of Civil Divisions Less than Counties|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1870a-08.pdf|work=Statistics of the Population of the United States at the Ninth Census|date=1870|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=April 24, 2020 }}</ref><ref name=Census1880>{{cite web|title=Population of Civil Divisions Less than Counties|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/1880a_v1-11.pdf|date=1880|work=Statistics of the Population of the United States at the Tenth Census|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 28, 2013}}</ref><ref name=Census1910>{{cite web|title=Population: Ohio|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/36894832v3ch3.pdf|work=1910 U.S. Census|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 28, 2013}}</ref><ref name=Census1930>{{cite web|title=Population: Ohio|url=http://www2.census.gov/prod2/decennial/documents/03815512v1ch08.pdf|work=1930 US Census|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 28, 2013}}</ref><ref name="Census1960">{{cite web|title=Number of Inhabitants: Ohio|url=https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1960/population-volume-1/37749282v1p37_ch02.pdf|date=1960|work=18th Census of the United States|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=April 24, 2020}}</ref><ref name="Census1990">{{cite web|title=Ohio: Population and Housing Unit Counts|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/cen1990/cph2/cph-2-37.pdf|publisher=U.S. Census Bureau|access-date=November 22, 2013}}</ref><ref name="GR2" />
}}

=== 2020 census ===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="wwwcensusgov" /> of 2020, there were 5,325 people of 2,294 households residing in the city. The population per square mile was 1,629 and the average household size was 2.25.

The population included 19.7% age 65 and over, 16.4% under 18, and 5.9% under 5 years. The racial makeup of the city was 97% White alone, 0.2% African American, 0.2% Native American, 0% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 1.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.3% of the population.

Of those residents age 25 and older, 95.8% had graduated high school or higher and 27.5% had earned their Bachelor's degree or higher. The median per capita income was $34, 518 and 12.2% of residents were living in poverty.

=== 2010 census ===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web |date=July 1, 2022 |title=U.S. Census website |url=https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/canalfultoncityohio/PST045222 |access-date=September 26, 2023 |website=United States Census |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]}}</ref> of 2010, there were 5,479 people, 2,186 households, and 1,488 families residing in the city. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1680.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 2,362 housing units at an average density of {{convert|724.5|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.0% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.6% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.1% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.4% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.2% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 1.7% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.5% of the population.

There were 2,186 households, of which 32.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.4% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 12.1% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.5% had a male householder with no wife present, and 31.9% were non-families. 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 2.95.

The median age in the city was 40.3 years. 23.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 8% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.4% were from 25 to 44; 25.9% were from 45 to 64; and 17.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.2% male and 52.8% female.

===2000 census===
[[File:Canal Fulton Ohio livery stable 1915 advertisement.tiff|thumb|1915 ad for J.F. Nichter's livery stable]]
[[File:The Finefrock Bros Co - Out of High Rent District - Canal Fulton Ohio 1915.tiff|thumb|1915 advertisement for the Finefrock Bros Co, "Out Of High Rent District"]]

As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2" /> of 2000, there were 5,061 people, 1,823 households, and 1,349 families residing in the city. The population density was {{convert|2,090.8|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 1,925 housing units at an average density of {{convert|795.3|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the city was 97.27% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.91% [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.16% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.41% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 0.18% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.07% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 0.67% of the population.

There were 1,823 households, out of which 39.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.0% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.0% were non-families. 22.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.65 and the average family size was 3.11.

In the city the population was spread out, with 27.6% under the age of 18, 8.4% from 18 to 24, 32.0% from 25 to 44, 20.7% from 45 to 64, and 11.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 84.5 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $45,359, and the median income for a family was $51,914. Males had a median income of $42,331 versus $23,540 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the city was $21,266. About 3.2% of families and 4.4% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 4.8% of those under age 18 and none of those age 65 or over.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.cityofcanalfulton-oh.gov/ City website]
* [http://www.discovercanalfulton.com/ Canal Fulton Tourism]
* [http://www.canalfultonchamber.com/ Canal Fulton Chamber of Commerce]

{{Stark County, Ohio}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Cities in Stark County, Ohio]]
[[Category:Cities in Ohio]]
[[Category:1814 establishments in Ohio]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1814]]