Editing Campion Hall, Oxford

{{Short description|Constituent educational institution of the University of Oxford}}
{{Redirect|Campion Hall|the former student accommodation in Christchurch, New Zealand|Antonio Hall (house)}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox residential college
| name         = Campion Hall
| university   = [[University of Oxford]]
| shield       = [[File:Campion Hall Oxford Coat Of Arms.svg|150px]]
| blazon       = Argent on a cross sable a plate charged with a wolf's head erased of the second between in pale two billets of the field that in chief charged with a [[Charge (heraldry)#Plants|cinquefoil]] and that in base with a saltire gules and in fesse as many plates each charged with a [[red campion|campion flower]] leaved and slipped proper on a chief also of the second two branches of palm in saltire enfiled with a [[crown (heraldry)|celestial crown]] or.
| scarf        = {{scarf|{{cells|2|black}}{{cell|white}}{{cell|#FF9494}}{{cell|white}}{{cells|2|black}}{{cell|white}}{{cell|#FF9494}}{{cell|white}}{{cells|2|black}}}}
| location     = [[Brewer Street, Oxford|Brewer Street]], Oxford
| coordinates  = {{coord|51.7496|N|1.2582|W|region:gb_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| founder      = Richard Clarke SJ
| established  = {{Start date and age| 1896 }} 
| named_after  = [[Edmund Campion]]
| master       = Nicholas Austin [[Society of Jesus|SJ]]
| graduates    = 15
| website      = [http://www.campion.ox.ac.uk/ campion.ox.ac.uk]
| location_map = Oxford (central)
}}

'''Campion Hall''' is one of the four [[permanent private hall]]s of the [[University of Oxford]] in England. A [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] hall, it is run by the [[Society of Jesus]] and named after [[Edmund Campion]], a martyr and fellow of [[St John's College, Oxford]]. The hall is located on Brewer Street, between [[Christ Church, Oxford|Christ Church]] and [[Pembroke College, Oxford|Pembroke College]]. The buildings, along with many of the fixtures and fittings, were designed by Sir [[Edwin Lutyens]], his only buildings in Oxford. The hall also houses an extensive collection of religious art spanning 600 years; the pieces were collected primarily by Fr [[Martin D'Arcy]] in the 1930s.

==History==

===Origins===
The origins of Campion Hall began on 9 September 1896 when Fr Richard Clarke, who was a former member of [[St John's College, Oxford]], opened a [[private hall of the University of Oxford|private hall]] called Clarke's Hall. He was sent by his superiors from the [[Church of the Immaculate Conception, Farm Street]], in London to [[Oxford Oratory|St. Aloysius Church]] in Oxford to set up a hall for Jesuit undergraduates. He founded a small house at 40 [[St Giles', Oxford]], and was the first master of the hall. On 10 September 1896 the hall had its first four students. The hall allowed Jesuits to study for degrees from the University of Oxford.<ref>The Reckoned Expense: Edmund Campion and the Early English Jesuit, page ix, Woodbridge 1996</ref><ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite web |url=http://archive.catholicherald.co.uk/article/1st-october-1971/4/on-the-other-side-the-statutes-of-the-university-o |title=On the other side, the Statutes of the University of |website=catholicherald.co.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927080506/http://archive.catholicherald.co.uk/article/1st-october-1971/4/on-the-other-side-the-statutes-of-the-university-o |archive-date=2013-09-27}}</ref>

The rented accommodation that was originally used was too small and 15 months later the hall was moved to Middleton Hall at 11 [[St Giles', Oxford|St Giles']], which was leased to the Society of Jesus until 1936.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.headington.org.uk/oxon/stgiles/tour/east/11.htm |title=No. 11: Middleton Hall/St John's House |website=headington.org.uk |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208093739/http://www.headington.org.uk/oxon/stgiles/tour/east/11.htm |archive-date=2014-12-08}}</ref>

===Pope's Hall===
In 1900, Fr Clarke died suddenly at [[York]] and, with his death, the hall ceased to exist. That year the hall was reopened as Pope's Hall under Fr O'Fallon Pope as master who continued to be master until 1915. In 1902, he purchased 14 and 15 St Giles' and, in 1903, 13 St Giles' was also bought.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

[[File:CampionHall.jpg|right|275px|Campion Hall]]

===Campion Hall===
Fr O'Fallon Pope was succeeded by Fr Charles Plater and the hall again changed its name, this time to Plater's Hall.<ref name="british-history.ac.uk"/>

In 1918, the hall was granted permanent status<ref>{{cite web|url=http://jesuitinstitute.org/Conferences/VenueCampionHall.htm|title=Jesuitinstitute }}Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref> and changed its name to Campion Hall after St [[Edmund Campion]], an English Jesuit and [[martyr]] who had been a fellow at St John's College. [[Permanent private hall]]s (PPH) within the University of Oxford were established for the reception of students on the condition that they are not for purposes of profit. Apart from Campion Hall, the other early permanent private halls were [[St Benet's Hall, Oxford|St Benet's Hall]] from 1918 and [[St Peter's College, Oxford|St Peter's Hall]] from 1929 to 1947. Permanent private halls have the same privileges as members of [[Colleges of the University of Oxford|colleges]].{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

In 1921, Fr Plater died and Fr Henry Keane was appointed master, until his retirement in 1926. He was succeeded by Fr Ernest G. Vignaux, who was master until 1933. At that time, there were plans for the building of a new hall in Giles'. He was succeeded as master by Fr [[Martin D'Arcy]] until 1945.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

===Moving to Brewer Street===
[[File:Campion Hall.jpg|thumb|right|275px|External view of Campion Hall with the chapel (right), from Brewer Street]]

In 1933, when Fr. D'Arcy became Master, the lease of the St. Giles property had only three years to run,<ref>The Fordham Ram, Fr.d'Arcy Assumes University Post, page.1, New York, 20 October 1939, No.5</ref> so in 1935 a project of building in St. Giles was dropped and a new home was found in [[Brewer Street, Oxford|Brewer Street]].<ref name="british-history.ac.uk">{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=63896|title= British History Online}} Retrieved on 20 January 2013</ref> The properties in St. Giles's were subsequently sold to [[St John's College, Oxford|St. John's College]].{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

Brewer Street, also known as 'Sleying Lane' was occupied in the medieval period by brewers and butchers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://consultation.oxford.gov.uk/gf2.ti/f/326562/8225701.1/PDF/-/HUCA%2010%20Thames%20Crossing%20Colleges%20and%20University.pdf|title=Consultation.oxford.gov.uk}}PDF document. Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref> There is a long history of brewing in Oxford. Several of the colleges had private breweries, one of which, [[Brasenose College]], survived until 1889.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brasenose Ale Verses - Brasenose College, Oxford |url=https://www.bnc.ox.ac.uk/about-brasenose/history/215-brasenose-traditions-and-legends/419-brasenose-ale-verses-61978149 |access-date=2022-08-25 |website=bnc.ox.ac.uk}}</ref> In the 16th century, brewing and malting appeared to have been the most popular trades in the city. By 1874 there were nine breweries in Oxford and 13 brewers' agents in Oxford shipping beer in from elsewhere, Brewer Street was no exception.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Brewery History: 111, pp. 37-63 |url=http://breweryhistory.com/journal/archive/111/bh-111-037.html |access-date=2022-08-25 |website=breweryhistory.com}}</ref>

At Brewer Street, Campion Hall bought two buildings, one a large and ancient [[lodging house]], known as 'Micklem Hall', which in the past belonged to Hall's Brewery. It was owned by a brewer named Micklem (1820–1870). The second building was a garage which had once been the stables for the horses which pulled the Oxford trams. The garage was demolished, as well as some of the rooms of Micklem Hall, with others incorporated into the new building.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=63896|title=British History Online}} Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref>

The new building was designed by [[Sir Edwin Lutyens]] and completed in 1936. The building was opened in June 1936, by [[Jacobo Fitz-James Stuart, 17th Duke of Alba|the Duke of Alba]], Spanish ambassador to London, alongside Alban Goodier S.J., the former [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bombay|Archbishop of Bombay]], and [[Julian Asquith, 2nd Earl of Oxford and Asquith]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Campion Hall Pages 339-340 A History of the County of Oxford: Volume 3, the University of Oxford. Originally published by Victoria County History, London, 1954. |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/oxon/vol3/pp339-340 |via=British History Online}}</ref>

The building was [[Grade II* listed]] in 1954.<ref>{{NHLE |num=1046738 |desc=Campion Hall (including chapel) |access-date=20 September 2013 }}</ref> It is the only building in Oxford designed by Lutyens, although in 1928 he did design the fountain in [[Tom Quad]] at nearby Christ Church.<ref>{{cite book |title=Lutyens: The Work of the English Architect Sir Edwin Lutyens (1869–1944) |chapter=Catalogue of Works by Sir Edwin Lutyens |last=Richardson |first=Margaret |year=1981 |publisher=[[Arts Council of Great Britain]] |location=London |isbn=0-7287-0304-1 |page=196}}</ref> The style of Lutyens's exterior has been compared to 17th-century [[Cotswold architecture]].<ref name=Amery>{{cite book |title=Lutyens: The Work of the English Architect Sir Edwin Lutyens (1869–1944) |chapter=Campion Hall, Brewer Street |last=Amery |first=Colin |year=1981 |publisher=[[Arts Council of Great Britain]] |location=London |isbn=0-7287-0304-1 |page=146}}</ref> The chapel has a semi-circular [[apse]] with a [[baldachin]],<ref name=Gradidge161>{{cite book |last=Gradidge |first=Roderick |title=Edwin Lutyens: Architect Laureate |year=1981 |publisher=George Allen and Unwin |location=London |isbn=0-04-720023-5 |page=161}}</ref> and Lutyens provided chapel light fittings having red tassels like those on a [[cardinal's hat]].<ref name=Amery/>

In 1912 Lutyens had laid out [[New Delhi]] as the new capital of India.<ref>Gradidge (1981), p. 69.</ref> He devised an architectural [[Delhi Order]] there, with small bells hanging from the [[capital (architecture)|capital]]s of the columns,<ref>Gradidge (1981), p. 151.</ref> and subsequently made use of it in his design for Campion Hall, including in the columns supporting the baldachin in the chapel.<ref name=Gradidge161/>

Fr. D'Arcy continued as Master of Campion Hall until 1945, when he was succeeded by Fr. Thomas Corbishley.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}} In 2001, the Jesuit spirituality journal, ''The Way'', began to operate from Campion Hall.{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

Campion Hall hosts the Jesuit academic community within University of Oxford and has an international student body, admitting graduate students in Humanities and Social Science subjects, and occasionally in other disciplines.

In 2018, the Laudato Si' Research Institute was started at Campion Hall. It has the aim of conducting and fostering inter-disciplinary research on issues relating to integral ecology.<ref>Anthony K. Nairn, [https://www.issr.org.uk/news/laudato-si-institute-major-new-research-institute-at-campion-hall-oxford/ Laudato Si’ Institute – Major new research institute at Campion Hall, Oxford] from [[International Society for Science and Religion]], 4 July 2018, retrieved 18 February 2021</ref>

===Lost Michelangelo===
[[File:Miguel Angel Crucifixion La Redonda Logrono Spain.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Possible [[Michelangelo]] ''Crucifixion of Christ'', 1540]]

In 2011, a painting "[[The Crucifixion of Jesus]]" which had been hanging in a hall of Campion Hall, was thought to have been a long-lost [[Michelangelo]] masterpiece worth £100 million. The painting was bought by Fr. [[Martin D'Arcy]] when he was Master of Campion Hall at a [[Sotheby's]] auction in the 1930s. Some experts argue that the painting dates from towards the end of Michelangelo's life when his eyesight was failing, so is more likely to be a painting by [[Marcello Venusti]].{{citation needed|date=March 2021}}

The painting was removed from its position on a wall in Campion Hall and sent to the [[Ashmolean Museum]] where it is on display.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-oxfordshire-14105645|title=BBC | publisher=BBC News | date=11 July 2011}}Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref>

==''The Way''==
''The Way'' is a spirituality journal that publishes articles quarterly to an international readership through an editorial board on subjects relating to contemporary Christian spirituality and operates out of Campion Hall. It was founded in 1961 by its editor James Walsh. He was joined by William Yeomans, Denise Critchley-Salmonson and Philip Caraman, who also edited ''[[The Month]]''. Originally it was located in [[Heythrop Park]]. In September 1970, it moved to [[Beaumont College]] and Michael Ivens joined the staff. In May 1972, it moved to Southwell House in [[West Hampstead]]. In 1978, it moved again, this time to [[Campion House]] in Osterley in 1978. In the early 1980s, it moved to [[Heythrop College, University of London|Heythrop College]]'s new location in London, as part of the Institute of Spirituality there. James Walsh stood down as editor and [[Philip Sheldrake]], David Lonsdale and later [[Lavinia Byrne]] became editors. In 1992, Jacqueline Hawkins became the editor. In 2001, it moved to Campion Hall and Philip Endean with Elizabeth Lock became editors two years later. It was relaunched and ceased publishing the annual supplement. In 2008, Philip Endean was replaced by Paul Nicholson.<ref>[http://spiritualdirection.org.au/resources/spiritual-direction-journals-and-electronic-resources/ Spiritual Direction Journals and Electronic Resources] from Australian Ecumenical Council for Spiritual Direction, retrieved 19 February 2021</ref><ref>[http://www.sjweb.info/resources/publicationsShow.cfm?MagazineID=26 Publications] from [[Society of Jesus]], retrieved 19 February 2021</ref><ref>John Coventry, [https://www.theway.org.uk/back/501Coventry.pdf The Way, 1961–1986], ''The Way'', Issue 50/1, January 2011.</ref>

==Laudato Si' Research Institute==
The Laudato Si' Research Institute was also based out of Campion Hall. It was founded in 2018 and named after [[Laudato si'|the encyclical]] by [[Pope Francis]]. It was founded by its current director [[Celia Deane-Drummond]] to conduct multidisciplinary research on the environmental issues present in the world. Celia Deane-Drummond also edits the international journal ''[[:de:Philosophy, Theology and the Sciences|Philosophy, Theology and the Sciences]]''. It has links with a master's degree programme operating out of the [[London Jesuit Centre]] on theology, ecology and ethics. It is currently working on establishing the Laudato Si' Research Network to encourage global research collaboration.<ref>[https://staff.acu.edu.au/our_university/news/2020/april/acu-academic-named-inaugural-monsignor-professor-denis-edwards-visiting-scholar ACU academic named inaugural Monsignor Professor Denis Edwards Visiting Scholar] from [[Australian Catholic University]], 1 April 2020, retrieved 19 February 2021</ref><ref>[https://www.christianflourishing.com/celia-deane-drummond Celia Deane-Drummond] from the Human Flourishing Research Project, retrieved 19 February 2021</ref> On 21 February 2020, its new offices in Albion House, Oxford were opened by the Master of Campion Hall, Nicholas Austin.<ref>[https://www.indcatholicnews.com/news/38972 Oxford: Blessing ceremony for new Laudato Si Research Centre] from ''Independent Catholic News'', 21 February 2020, retrieved 19 February 2021</ref>

==Masters==
{{Further|:Category:Masters of Campion Hall, Oxford}}
{{col-begin}}{{col-2}}    
*Fr. Richard Clarke (1896–1900)
*Fr. O'Fallon Pope (1900–1915)
*Fr. Charles Plater (1915–1921)
*Fr. Henry Keane (1921–1926)
*Fr. Ernest G. Vignaux (1926–1933)
*Fr. [[Martin D'Arcy]] (1933–1945)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=63896|title=British History Online}}</ref>
*Fr. Thomas Corbishley (1945–1958)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/father-t-corbishley-sj-7th-master-19471958-221832|title=Painting of Father Thomas Corbishley}} Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref>{{pad|5ex}} 
* Fr. Anthony Doyle (1958–1962)
* Fr. Derek Hanshell (1962–1965)
{{col-2}}
*Fr. [[Edward Yarnold]] (1965–1972)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.indcatholicnews.com/news.php?viewStory=13318|title=Indcatholicnews|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140413160304/http://www.indcatholicnews.com/news.php?viewStory=13318|archive-date=13 April 2014}} Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref>
*Fr. Benjamin Winterborn (1972–1978)
*Fr. Paul Edwards (1978–1985)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theway.org.uk/Back/s058Barry.pdf|title=theway.org.co.uk}} Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/1996-7/weekly/241096/coll.htm#TOP|title=Oxford University Gazette|access-date=9 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180227114927/https://www.ox.ac.uk/gazette/1996-7/weekly/241096/coll.htm#TOP|archive-date=27 February 2018|url-status=dead}} Retrieved on 22 January 2013.</ref>
*Fr. Peter Hackett (1985–1989)
*Rev. Dr. [[Joseph Munitiz]] (1989–1998)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ewtn.com/library/BISHOPS/OXFORD.HTM|title=The Claims of the Prtimacy and the Costly Call to Unity by Archbishop John R. Quinn}} Retrieved on 22 January 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://library.acu.edu.au/other_collections_and_catalogues/?a=49306|title=Catechism The Making: Questions and Answers in the Eighth Century and Today by Joseph Munitiz SJ p.1, Brisbane|year= 1993}} Retrieved on 22 January 2013.</ref>
*Rev. Dr. Gerard J Hughes (1998–2006)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/browse/h/21591/Gerard%20J+HUGHES.aspx|title=Biography of Gerard J Hughes|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130802064720/http://www.debretts.com/people/biographies/browse/h/21591/Gerard%20J+HUGHES.aspx|archive-date=2 August 2013}} Retrieved on 20 January 2013.</ref>
*Rev. Dr. [[Peter L'Estrange]] (2006–2008)
*Fr. [[Brendan Callaghan]] (2008–2013)
*Rev. Dr. James Hanvey (2013–2018)
*Rev. Dr. Nicholas Austin (2018– Present)
{{col-end}}

==See also==
* [[Permanent private hall]]
* [[List of Jesuit sites#United Kingdom|List of Jesuit sites in the United Kingdom]]
* [[List of Jesuit educational institutions]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Campion Hall, Oxford}}
*[http://www.campion.ox.ac.uk/ Official website]
*[https://www.theway.org.uk/ ''The Way'' website]
*[https://lsri.campion.ox.ac.uk/ Laudato Si' Research Institute website]

{{University of Oxford}}
{{Jesuits in Britain}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Campion Hall, Oxford| ]]
[[Category:Universities and colleges established in 1896]]
[[Category:Residential buildings completed in 1935]]
[[Category:Grade II* listed buildings in Oxford]]
[[Category:Grade II* listed educational buildings]]
[[Category:Jesuit universities and colleges in England]]
[[Category:Permanent private halls of the University of Oxford]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures of the University of Oxford]]
[[Category:Works of Edwin Lutyens in England]]
[[Category:1896 establishments in England]]