Editing Caledon, Ontario

{{Distinguish|Caledonia, Ontario}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Caledon
| official_name                   = Town of Caledon
| settlement_type                 = [[List of towns in Ontario|Town]] ([[List of municipalities in Ontario#Lower-tier municipalities|lower-tier]])
| other_name                      = 
| native_name                     = <!-- for cities whose native name is not in English -->
| nickname                        = 
| motto                           = 
| image_skyline                   = Cheltenham Badlands, Caledon Hills, Ontario, Canada. (7097453311).jpg
| image_caption                   = [[Cheltenham Badlands]]
| image_size                      = 250
| image_flag                      = Flag of the Town of Caledon.gif
| flag_size                       = 120x75px
| image_seal                      = 
| seal_size                       = 
| image_shield                    = 
| shield_size                     = 
| image_blank_emblem              = Town_of_caledon_logo.jpg
| blank_emblem_type               = Logo
| blank_emblem_size               = 120x80px
| image_map                       = 
| mapsize                         = 
| map_caption                     = 
| pushpin_map                     = CAN ON Peel#Canada Southern Ontario
| pushpin_label_position          = 
| pushpin_mapsize                 = 
| coordinates                     = {{coord|43|51|58|N|79|51|32|W|region:CA-ON|notes=<ref>{{Cite cgndb|FAYKX|Caledon}}</ref>|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = Canada
| subdivision_type1               = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Province]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Ontario]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Census divisions of Ontario|Regional municipality]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[Peel Regional Municipality|Peel Region]]
| subdivision_type3               = 
| subdivision_name3               = 
| subdivision_type4               = 
| subdivision_name4               = 
| government_type                 = 
| leader_title                    = [[List of mayors of Caledon, Ontario|Mayor]]
| leader_name                     = Annette Groves
| leader_title1                   = Governing Body
| leader_name1                    = Caledon Town Council
| leader_title2                   = [[House of Commons of Canada|MP]]
| leader_name2                    = [[Kyle Seeback]] ([[Conservative Party of Canada|CPC]])
| leader_title3                   = [[Legislative Assembly of Ontario|MPP]]
| leader_name3                    = [[Sylvia Jones]] ([[Ontario Progressive Conservative Party|PC]])
| leader_title4                   = 
| leader_name4                    = 
| established_title               = Established
| established_date                = January 1, 1974
| established_title2              = 
| established_date2               = 
| established_title3              = 
| established_date3               = 
| area_magnitude                  = 
| unit_pref                       = <!--Enter: Imperial, if Imperial (metric) is desired-->
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="2021census"/><ref name="Caledon Boundary"/>
| area_total_km2                  = 694.04
| area_land_km2                   = 688.82
| area_water_km2                  = 5.22
| area_water_percent              = 
| area_urban_km2                  = 
| elevation_max_m                 = 485
| elevation_max_footnotes         = <ref>43° 51' 44" N, 80° 8' 13" W, as per [[Google Earth]]</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Height may be correct at that location but how does the reader know that it is the maximum height in Caledon|date=March 2024}}
| elevation_min_m                 = 221
| elevation_min_footnotes         = <ref>43° 49' 15" N, 79° 43' 34" W, as per [[Google Earth]]</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=Height may be correct at that location but how does the reader know that it is the minimum height in Caledon|date=March 2024}}
| population_as_of                = [[2021 Canadian census|2021]]
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="2021census"/>
| population_note                 = 
| population_total                = 76,581
| population_density_km2          = 111.2
| population_urban                = 
| population_density_urban_km2    = 
| timezone                        =  {{abbr|[[Eastern Time Zone|EST]]|Eastern Standard Time}}
|utc_offset                      = −05:00
| timezone_DST                    = {{abbr|EDT|Eastern Daylight Time}}
|utc_offset_DST                  = −04:00
| elevation_footnotes             = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m                     = 
| postal_code_type                = [[Canadian postal code#Forward sortation areas|Forward sortation area]]
| postal_code                     = [[List of L postal codes of Canada|L7C, L7K]]
| area_code                       = [[Area code 905|905]], [[Area code 519|519]]
| website                         = {{official website|caledon.ca/en/index.aspx}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}

'''Caledon''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|k|æ|l|ə|d|ə|n}}; [[2021 Canadian census|2021 population]] 76,581) is a [[town (Ontario)|town]] in the [[Regional Municipality of Peel]] in the [[Greater Toronto Area]] of [[Ontario]], Canada. The name comes from a shortened form of [[Caledonia]], the Roman name for what is now [[Scotland]].<ref>{{Cite book|last=Hamilton|first=William|title=The Macmillan Book of Canadian Place Names|publisher=Macmillan|year=1978|isbn=0-7715-9754-1|location=Toronto|pages=139}}</ref> Caledon is primarily rural with a number of [[Hamlet (place)|hamlets]] and small villages, but also contains the larger community of [[Bolton, Ontario|Bolton]] (population 26,795) in its southeastern quadrant, adjacent to [[York Region]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=&DGUIDlist=2021S05100080&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0|title= Bolton, Ontario (Population Centre) |work=Census Profile, [[Canada 2021 Census]]|publisher=[[Statistics Canada]]|date=9 February 2022|access-date=12 February 2022}}</ref> Some spillover urbanization also occurs in the south bordering the City of [[Brampton]].

Caledon is the northernmost of three municipalities of Peel Region. The town is northwest of Brampton. According to [[Statistics Canada]] the land area is {{cvt|688|km2}}<ref name=2021census/> and, according to the city the area is {{cvt|696.04|km2}},<ref name="Caledon Boundary">{{cite web |last1=Town of Caledon |first1=Open Data |title=Town of Caledon Open Data |url=https://data-caledon.opendata.arcgis.com/datasets/2d34990db42c4060bc31092d5b2c9b2d/explore |website=Caledon Boundary |publisher=Town of Caledon |access-date=26 June 2024}}</ref> which makes Caledon the largest municipality by area in the Greater Toronto Area.

==History==
By 1869, Belfountain was a village with a population of 100 in the [[Caledon Township, Ontario|Township of Caledon]] [[Peel County, Ontario|County Peel]]. It was established on the [[Credit River]]. There were [[stagecoach]]es to [[Erin, Ontario|Erin]] and [[Georgetown, Ontario|Georgetown]]. The average price of land was $20.<ref>The province of Ontario gazetteer and directory. H. McEvoy Editor and Compiler, Toronto: Robertson & Cook, Publishers, 1869, https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044081323123&view=1up&seq=58&q1=caledon%20$20, accessed 23 October 2020</ref>{{specify|reason=Land per square foot, per acre, per...?|date=October 2021}}

In 1973, Caledon acquired more territory when [[Chinguacousy Township, Ontario|Chinguacousy]] dissolved, with most sections north of Mayfield Road (excluding [[Snelgrove, Ontario|Snelgrove]]) transferred to the township.

Caledon inherited the name from [[Caledon Township, Ontario|Caledon Township]] of [[Peel County, Ontario]], in 1974, which was likely named by settlers like Edward Ellis, who came from the area around [[Caledon, County Tyrone]], now in [[Northern Ireland]], or by public voting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Heritage Designation Report: Edward Ellis House|url=http://www.caledon.ca/en/townhall/resources/Heritage.RB1h.2013-6-10.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923195912/http://www.caledon.ca/en/townhall/resources/Heritage.RB1h.2013-6-10.pdf|archive-date=September 23, 2015|access-date=7 November 2017|website=Caledon.ca}}</ref>

In 1974, Peel County's 10 municipalities became the Region of Peel's 3 municipalities. The Town of Caledon was created from the villages of Bolton and Caledon East, the townships of [[Albion Township, Ontario|Albion]] and Caledon, and the north half of Chinguacousy.

==Communities==
[[File:Caledon new housing aerial view in 2022.jpg|thumb|New housing development in the south of the town bordering [[Brampton]]]]

The primary administrative and commercial centre of Caledon is the community of [[Bolton, Ontario|Bolton]], which the federal government estimated as having a population of 26,795 in 2021. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-02-09 |title=Profile table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Bolton [Population centre], Ontario |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E |access-date=2024-02-04 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>

Aside from Bolton, other smaller communities in Caledon include the following:

* Rural service centres (i.e.:larger hamlets, villages, or new residential developments): [[Caledon East]], [[Mayfield West, Ontario|Mayfield West]]
* Villages: [[Alton, Ontario|Alton]], [[Belfountain, Canada|Belfountain]], [[Caledon Village, Ontario, Canada|Caledon Village]], [[Cheltenham, Ontario, Canada|Cheltenham]], [[Inglewood, Ontario, Canada|Inglewood]], [[Mono Mills, Ontario, Canada|Mono Mills]], [[Palgrave, Ontario|Palgrave]]
* Hamlets: Albion, [[Alloa, Ontario, Canada|Alloa]], [[Brimstone, Ontario, Canada|Brimstone]] (Brimstone Point), Campbell's Cross, [[Cataract, Ontario, Canada|Cataract]], Claude, Melville, Mono Road, [[Terra Cotta, Ontario, Canada|Terra Cotta]], [[Wildfield, Canada|Wildfield]]
* Industrial/commercial centres: Sandhill, [[Tullamore, Ontario|Tullamore]], Victoria
* Other localities: Boston Mills, Castlederg, Cedar Meadows, Cedar Mills, Coulterville, Coventry, Ferndale, Forks of the Credit, The Grange, Humber, Humber Grove, Kilmanagh, Lockton, Macville, McLeodville, Glasgow, Palgrave Estates, Rockside, Rosehill, Silver Creek, Sleswick, Sligo, Star, Stonehart, Taylorwoods, Tormore, Valleywood

The municipality is otherwise sparsely populated, mostly with farms.

===Former localities===
Former hamlets ([[ghost towns]]) include:

* Kennedy's Corners (Old School and Airport Roads)
* Fox's Corners (Willoughby Road and Charleston Side Road)
* Greenlaw (The Grange Sideroad and Winston Churchill Boulevard)
* Caldwell (The Grange Sideroad and Kennedy Road)
* Caldwell Junction (Olde Base Line and Mountainview Roads)
* “Old” Glasgow (Edelweiss Park/Humber Valley Heritage Trail)  
* Glencoe's Corners (Olde Base Line and Creditview Roads)
* Mayfield (Mayfield and Dixie Roads). Area at Brampton boundary now undergoing urbanization.  
* McBride's Corners (Olde Base Line Road and Highway 10)
* Ballycroy (Ballycroy Road and Highway 50)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-08-27 |title=Chasing ghosts — Remembering he lost town of Ballycroy |url=https://caledoncitizen.com/chasing-ghosts-remembering-he-lost-town-of-ballycroy/ |access-date=2025-01-30 |website=Caledon Citizen |language=en}}</ref>

== Demographics ==

{{Historical populations
|title       = Historical populations
|type        = Canada
|align       = left
|width       = 
|state       = 
|shading     = 
|percentages = 
|footnote    = Source: [[Statistics Canada]]
|1981|26645
|1991|34965
|[[Canada 1996 Census|1996]]|39893
|[[Canada 2001 Census|2001]]|50595
|[[Canada 2006 Census|2006]]|57050
|[[Canada 2011 Census|2011]]|59460
|[[Canada 2016 Census|2016]]|66502
|[[Canada 2021 Census|2021]]|76,581
}}
In the [[2021 Canadian census]], conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Caledon had a population of {{val|76581|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|23699|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|24795|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:76581-66502}}|66502|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|66502|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|688.82|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a [[population density]] of {{Pop density|76581|688.82|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000203&geocode=A000235 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions (municipalities), Ontario | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=February 9, 2022 | accessdate=March 30, 2022}}</ref>

In 2021, the median age was 40.8 years old, slightly lower than the provincial median of 41.6 years old.<ref name=pop>{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=caledon&DGUIDlist=2021A00053521024&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0|title=Census Profile, 2021 Census|last=Canada|first=Statistics|date=October 26, 2022|access-date=October 26, 2022}}</ref> Caledon's population is made of 49.8% women and 50.2% men.<ref name=pop-by-gender>{{Cite web|url=https://www.point2homes.com/CA/Demographics/ON/Caledon-Demographics.html|title=Demographics in Caledon}}</ref> There were 24,795 private dwellings. According to the 2011 National Household Survey, the median value of a dwelling in Caledon is $474,087, significantly higher than the national average of $280,552. The median household income (after-taxes) in Caledon is $83,454, much higher than the national average of $54,089. The average individual's income was $53,870.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=3521024&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Caledon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&TABID=1&B1=All|title=Census Profile, 2016 Census|last=Canada|first=Statistics|date=2017|website=Statistics Canada|access-date=31 October 2018}}</ref>

=== Ethnicity ===
According to the 2021 Census, the largest five ethnic origins of the residents of Caledon are [[Italians|Italian]] (17,630; 23.2%), [[English people|English]] (10,320; 13.6%), [[Indian people|Indian]] (9,120; 12.0%), [[Scottish people|Scottish]] (8,270; 10.9%), and [[Canadians|Canadian]] (8,095; 10.6%).<ref name="pop"/> 

66.3% of Caledon residents were white/European, 32.8% were visible minorities, and 0.8% were [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]. The largest visible minority groups were [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]] (21.4%), [[Black Canadians|Black]] (3.6%), [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]] (1.7%), [[Chinese Canadians|Chinese]] (1.0%) and [[Filipino Canadians|Filipino]] (1.0%)

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] groups in the Town of Caledon (2001−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Panethnicity|Panethnic]] group
! colspan="2" |2021<ref name="2021censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2022-10-26 |title= Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=Caledon&DGUIDlist=2021A00053521024&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1,4&HEADERlist=0 |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2016<ref name="2016censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2021-10-27 |title= Census Profile, 2016 Census |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=3521024&Geo2=CD&Code2=3521&SearchText=Caledon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1&type=0 |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2011<ref name="2011censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2015-11-27 |title= NHS Profile |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=3521024&Data=Count&SearchText=Caledon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2006<ref name="2006censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-08-20 |title= 2006 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/prof/92-591/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=3521024&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Caledon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
! colspan="2" |2001<ref name="2001censusB">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2019-07-02 |title= 2001 Community Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/Profil01/CP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=3521024&Geo2=PR&Code2=35&Data=Count&SearchText=Caledon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&Custom= |access-date=2024-03-27 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[European Canadians|European]]{{efn|Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.|name=euro}}
| 50,450
| {{Percentage | 50450 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 53,195
| {{Percentage | 53195 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 52,820
| {{Percentage | 52820 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 52,385
| {{Percentage | 52385 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 47,710
| {{Percentage | 47710 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| [[South Asian Canadians|South Asian]]
| 16,310
| {{Percentage | 16310 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 6,635
| {{Percentage | 6635 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 1,995
| {{Percentage | 1995 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 1,265
| {{Percentage | 1265 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 700
| {{Percentage | 700 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| [[African-Canadian|African]]
| 2,770
| {{Percentage | 2770 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 1,880
| {{Percentage | 1880 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 1,205
| {{Percentage | 1205 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 860
| {{Percentage | 860 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 770
| {{Percentage | 770 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Latin American Canadians|Latin American]]
| 1,310
| {{Percentage | 1310 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 905
| {{Percentage | 905 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 600
| {{Percentage | 600 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 480
| {{Percentage | 480 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 175
| {{Percentage | 175 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Southeast Asia|Southeast Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.|name=SoutheastAsian}}
| 1,105
| {{Percentage | 1105 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 730
| {{Percentage | 730 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 495
| {{Percentage | 495 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 395
| {{Percentage | 395 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 80
| {{Percentage | 80 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Middle Eastern Canadians|Middle Eastern]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.|name=MiddleEastern}}
| 1,060
| {{Percentage | 1060 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 495
| {{Percentage | 495 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 300
| {{Percentage | 300 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 175
| {{Percentage | 175 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 255
| {{Percentage | 255 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| [[East Asian Canadians|East Asian]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.|name=EastAsian}}
| 975
| {{Percentage | 975 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 900
| {{Percentage | 900 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 620
| {{Percentage | 620 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 525
| {{Percentage | 525 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 365
| {{Percentage | 365 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]
| 620
| {{Percentage | 620 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 615
| {{Percentage | 615 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 450
| {{Percentage | 450 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 360
| {{Percentage | 360 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 145
| {{Percentage | 145 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
| Other/[[Multiracial people|multiracial]]{{efn|Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, {{abbr|n.i.e.|not included elsewhere}}" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.|name=Other}}
| 1,490
| {{Percentage | 1490 | 76085 | 2 }}
| 855
| {{Percentage | 855 | 66215 | 2 }}
| 495
| {{Percentage | 495 | 58975 | 2 }}
| 390
| {{Percentage | 390 | 56840 | 2 }}
| 175
| {{Percentage | 175 | 50360 | 2 }}
|-
! Total responses
! 76,085
! {{Percentage | 76085 | 76581 | 2 }}
! 66,215
! {{Percentage | 66215 | 66502 | 2 }}
! 58,975
! {{Percentage | 58975 | 59460 | 2 }}
! 56,840
! {{Percentage | 56840 | 57050 | 2 }}
! 50,360
! {{Percentage | 50360 | 50605 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
! Total population
! 76,581
! {{Percentage | 76581 | 76581 | 2 }}
! 66,502
! {{Percentage | 66502 | 66502 | 2 }}
! 59,460
! {{Percentage | 59460 | 59460 | 2 }}
! 57,050
! {{Percentage | 57050 | 57050 | 2 }}
! 50,605
! {{Percentage | 50605 | 50605 | 2 }}
|- class="sortbottom"
| colspan="11" | {{small|Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses}}
|}

=== Language ===
[[English language|English]] is the [[First language|mother tongue]] of 65.4% of the residents of Caledon. Native speakers of [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] make up 11.1% of the town's population, [[Italian language|Italian]] 5.4%, [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] 1.4%, [[Spanish language|Spanish]] 1.3%, and [[Polish language|Polish]] 1.0%.<ref name=pop/>

=== Religion ===
As of 2021,<ref name="pop" /> 58.5% of Caledon's population was [[Christianity|Christian]], down from 77.5% in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada |date=2013-05-08 |title=2011 National Household Survey Profile - Census subdivision |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/nhs-enm/2011/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=3521024&Data=Count&SearchText=caledon&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&A1=All&B1=All&Custom=&TABID=1 |access-date=2023-01-17 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref> 38.2% of residents were [[Catholic Church|Catholic]], 10.5% were [[Protestantism|Protestant]], 6.0% were Christian without precision, 1.8% were [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Christian Orthodox]], and 2.0% belonged to other Christian denominations or Christian-related traditions; 19.3% of the population was non-religious or secular, up from 18.6% in 2011. All other religions and spiritual traditions accounted for 22.2% of the population, up from 3.9% in 2011. They included [[Sikhism]] (14.3%), [[Hinduism]] (4.7%), [[Islam]] (2.1%), [[Buddhism]] (0.5%), and [[Judaism]] (0.4%).

{| class="wikitable collapsible sortable"
|+ [[Religion in Canada|Religious]] groups in the Town of Caledon (1991−2021)
! rowspan="2" |[[Religion in Canada|Religious]]<br>group
! colspan="2" |[[2021 Canadian census|2021]]<ref name="2021censusB"/>
! colspan="2" |[[2011 Canadian census|2011]]<ref name="2011censusB"/>
! colspan="2" |[[2001 Canadian census|2001]]<ref name="2001censusB"/>
! colspan="2" |[[1991 Canadian census|1991]]<ref name="1991census">{{Cite web |last=Government of Canada |first=Statistics Canada  |title= 1991 Census of Canada: Census Area Profiles |url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/English/census91/data/profiles/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=1&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=1&GC=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=30&PRID=0&PTYPE=3&S=0&SHOWALL=No&SUB=0&Temporal=1991&THEME=113&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=|access-date=2024-09-04 |website=www12.statcan.gc.ca}}</ref>
|-
![[Population|{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}]]
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
!{{abbr|Pop.|Population}}
!{{Abbr|%|percentage}}
|-
| [[File:Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg|26x26px]] [[Christianity in Canada|Christian]]
| 44,495
| {{Percentage | 44,495| 76,085| 2 }}
|  45,685
| {{Percentage |  45,685|  58,975| 2 }}
| 41,720
| {{Percentage | 41720|  50,360| 2 }}
| 29,440
| {{Percentage | 29440| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
| [[File:Khanda.svg|24x24px]] [[Sikhism in Canada|Sikh]]
|  10,865
| {{Percentage |  10,865| 76,085| 2 }}
|   1,175
| {{Percentage |   1,175|  58,975| 2 }}
|  375
| {{Percentage |  375|  50,360| 2 }}
|  105
| {{Percentage |  105| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
| [[File:Om.svg|21x21px]] [[Hinduism in Canada|Hindu]]
|  3,545
| {{Percentage |  3,545| 76,085| 2 }}
|   495
| {{Percentage |   495|  58,975| 2 }}
|  165
| {{Percentage |  165|  50,360| 2 }}
|  65
| {{Percentage |  65| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
| [[File:Star_and_Crescent.svg|20x20px]] [[Islam in Canada|Muslim]]
| 1,580
| {{Percentage | 1,580| 76,085| 2 }}
|   215
| {{Percentage |   215|  58,975| 2 }}
|  160
| {{Percentage |  160|  50,360| 2 }}
|  115
| {{Percentage |  115| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
| [[File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg|20x20px]] [[Buddhism in Canada|Buddhist]]
|  365
| {{Percentage |  365| 76,085| 2 }}
|   90
| {{Percentage |   90|  58,975| 2 }}
|  45
| {{Percentage |  45|  50,360| 2 }}
|  35
| {{Percentage |  35| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
| [[File:Star_of_David.svg|23x23px]] [[Judaism in Canada|Jewish]]
|   280
| {{Percentage |  280| 76,085| 2 }}
|   180
| {{Percentage |   180|  58,975| 2 }}
|  115
| {{Percentage |  115|  50,360| 2 }}
|  90
| {{Percentage |  90| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
| [[Religion in Canada|Other religion]]
|  290	
| {{Percentage |  290	| 76,085| 2 }}
|  150
| {{Percentage |  150|  58,975| 2 }}
| 125
| {{Percentage | 125|  50,360| 2 }}
|  30
| {{Percentage |  30| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
| [[Irreligion in Canada|Irreligious]]
| 14,665
| {{Percentage | 14,665| 76,085| 2 }}
|   10,975
| {{Percentage |   10,975|  58,975| 2 }}
|  7,650	
| {{Percentage |  7,650	|  50,360| 2 }}
|  4,885
| {{Percentage |  4,885| 34,775| 2 }}
|-
! Total responses
! 76,085
! {{Percentage | 76,085| 76,581| 2 }}
! 58,975
! {{Percentage | 58,975| 59460 | 2 }}
! 50,360
! {{Percentage | 50,360| 50,595| 2 }}
! 34,775
! {{Percentage | 34,775|  34,965| 2 }}
|-
|}

==Government==
The town is run by a mayor, six town councillors and two regional councillors.  The mayor and the two regional councillors represent Caledon at the Region of Peel:
* [[Mayor]] Annette Groves
* Councillor Ward 1 Lynn Kiernan
* Councillor Ward 2 Dave Sheen
* Councillor Ward 3 Doug Maskell
* Councillor Ward 4 Nick deBoer
* Councillor Ward 5 Tony Rosa
* Councillor Ward 6 Cosimo Napoli
* Regional Councillor Wards 1, 2, 3 Christina Early
* Regional Councillor Wards 4, 5, 6 Mario Russo

Per capita, Caledon has by far the largest representation on [[Peel Regional Council]] of the three municipalities, however Caledon's land mass exceeds that of Mississauga and Brampton combined.

==Climate==
{{Albion weatherbox}}

==Education==
The [[Peel District School Board]] operates 14 public schools and two secondary (high) schools in Caledon. The [[Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board]] operates several Catholic elementary/middle and two secondary schools. The ''[[Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir ]]'' operates one Catholic [[francophone]] ([[first-language]] French) elementary school. There also several private and [[Montessori school|Montessori]] schools.  

===School (location in community)===

{{columns-start|num=3}}
* [[Allan Drive Middle School]] (Bolton)
* Alloa Public School (Alloa)
* Alton Public School (Alton)
* Belfountain Public School (Belfountain)
* [[Brampton Christian School]] (Mayfield West)  
* Caledon Central Public School (Caledon Village)
* Caledon East Public School (Caledon East)
* Countryside Montessori and Private School
* Creative Children's Montessori School (Bolton)
* École élémentaire catholique Saint-Jean-Bosco (Mayfield West)
* Ellwood Memorial Public School (Bolton)
* Herb Campbell Public School (Campbell's Cross)
{{column}}
* Headwater Hills Montessori School 
* [[The Hill Academy]]
* Holy Family Elementary School (Bolton)
* [[Humberview Secondary School]] (Bolton)
* King's College School  
* James Bolton Public School (Bolton)
* James Grieve Public School (Tullamore)
* Macville Public School (Bolton)
* [[Mayfield Secondary School]]
* Mind Valley Montessori and Private School (Bolton)
* Palgrave Public School (Palgrave)
* St. Evan Catholic Elementary School (Mayfield West)
{{column}}
* St. John Paul II Elementary School (Bolton)
* [[Robert F. Hall Catholic Secondary School]] (Caledon East)
* SouthFields Village Public School (Mayfield West)
* St. Cornelius Elementary School (Caledon East)
* St. John the Baptist Elementary School (Bolton)
* St. Nicholas Elementary School (Bolton)
* St Michael Catholic Secondary School (Bolton)
* Tony Pontes Public School (Mayfield West)  
{{columns-end}}

==Emergency services==
[[Caledon Fire & Emergency Services]] provides firefighting (using both career and volunteer firefighters), and medical emergency services. It has nine stations.

Ambulance service is run by the regional government's [[Peel Regional Paramedic Services]], with three stations (#10, 11 and 12).

Despite being part of Peel Region, Caledon has its policing conducted from [[Ontario Provincial Police]] Caledon Detachment, rather than [[Peel Regional Police]]. The OPP also patrols the provincial highways in Caledon.

==Transportation==
[[File:Caledon ON.JPG|thumb|Highway 10 through Caledon]]

===Highways/roads===
Highways in the municipality:
* [[Ontario Highway 10|Highway 10]] ([[Hurontario Street]]) 
* [[Ontario Highway 410|Highway 410]] (southerly continuation of Highway 10)

Former highways (now [[List of numbered roads in Peel Region|Regional roads]]):
* Charleston Sideroad or Peel Road 24 (formerly [[Ontario Highway 24|Highway 24]] west of Highway 10)
* Peel Road 50 (formerly [[Ontario Highway 50|Highway 50]])
* Peel Road 136 (formerly [[Ontario Highway 136|Highway 136]])

Though never a provincial highway, [[Airport Road, Ontario|Airport Road]] (Peel Poad 7), is a major north-south route to and from the [[Georgian Triangle]] for travellers from southern Peel.

===Public transit===

====GO Transit====

[[GO Transit]] operates two bus routes in Caledon:
*serving Bolton along [[List of numbered roads in Peel Region|Highway 50]] and through east [[Mississauga]] and connecting with [[Malton GO Station]] on the [[Kitchener line]].
*serving [[Orangeville, Ontario|Orangeville]] and [[Brampton]] and connecting with [[Brampton GO Station]] on the [[Georgetown line]] via [[Ontario Highway 10|Highway 10]] and Brampton's [[List of roads in Brampton#Main Street|Main Street]].

====Local transit====

Due to its largely rural nature, Caledon does not have its own transit system; however, [[Brampton Transit]] provides a rush hour-only bus line, 41 Bolton in Bolton and travels south down Highway 50 in to [[List of roads in Brampton#Queen Street|Queen Street]]/[[Ontario Highway 7|Highway 7]] (at the border of Brampton and [[Vaughan]]) to make connections with other Brampton Transit routes and [[York Region Transit|York Region Transit (YRT)]]. Brampton Transit also operates three other routes short distances into suburban areas bordering Brampton within the town: Route 81 Mayfield West serves Kennedy Road in Mayfield West, and Routes 18 Dixie and 30 Airport Road provide limited service into industrial areas.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www1.brampton.ca/EN/residents/transit/plan-your-trip/Pages/Schedules-and-Maps.aspx  |title=Schedules and Maps: ''Routes Operating'' |publisher=City of Brampton |access-date=February 11, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Rumbolt |first=Ryan |date=2024-05-01 |title=New transit route connects Brampton workers with out-of-town employers {{!}} inBrampton |url=https://www.insauga.com/new-transit-route-connects-brampton-workers-with-out-of-town-employers/ |access-date=2024-05-14 |website=insauga {{!}} Local Online News |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Paratransit]] services for the elderly, disabled, and infirm are provided by Caledon Community Services Transportation and Transhelp. Both are run by the [[Region of Peel Accessible Transportation Services]].

====History====

There were two earlier privately-operated transit services running solely within Bolton with no connections to other services: In 1999 a company named Caledon Transit Incorporated ran a trial bus service in the community.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://home.cc.umanitoba.ca/~wyatt/alltime/a2b-on.html|title=Transit History of Ontario Communities (A-B)|website=Home.cc.umanitoba.ca|access-date=7 November 2017}}</ref> In 2006, the growing population of Bolton prompted local resident Darren Parberry to start a second bus service with two routes using leased school buses, called Métis Transit. One route ran briefly in 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://transit.toronto.on.ca/archives/data/200601070815.shtml |title=Wanted: Passengers for Bus Line ''(Original from transittoronto.ca)''|access-date=2010-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217193457/http://transit.toronto.on.ca/archives/data/200601070815.shtml |archive-date=2010-02-17 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Both services ceased operations due to low ridership. Between 2019 and 2024, there was a third service, operated by a private contractor, [[Voyago]], which provided [[minibus]] service in Bolton and traveled south down Highway 50 to Queen Street/Highway 7 to connect with Brampton Transit and YRT until it was replaced by the current Brampton Transit Route 41 on May 1, 2024. Adult cash fares were $4.00 and there were no free transfers with these systems.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cptdb.ca/wiki/index.php/Bolton_Line |title=CPTDB Wiki: ''Bolton Line'' |access-date=May 11, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bramptonguardian.com/news/brampton-transit-makes-several-route-changes-including-new-route-to-bolton/article_ed3ebde4-8d06-5309-9460-56b79b06fab6.html |title=Brampton Transit makes several route changes, including new route to Bolton |date=April 30, 2024 |access-date=May 11, 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://cptdb.ca/wiki/images/5/59/Bolton_Line_1833-a.jpg |title=CPTDB Wiki: ''Photo of "Bolton Line" minibus'' |access-date=May 11, 2024}}</ref>

==Culture==
The Alton Mill Arts Centre is located in Caledon.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.altonmill.ca/about/our_story/|title = Alton Mill Arts Centre – Restoration: How the Mill came to be restored and adapted to a new use}}</ref> Art galleries include Headwaters Arts<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://headwatersarts.org/about-us/|title=About us &#124; Headwaters Arts}}</ref> and [[Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://pama.peelregion.ca/en/exhibitions/communityshows.asp|title=In Our Community|date=23 September 2021|access-date=5 January 2022|archive-date=5 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220105221905/https://pama.peelregion.ca/en/exhibitions/communityshows.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Media===
Established in 1888 as the ''Cardwell Observer'',<ref>{{cite book|last=Heyes|first=Esther|title=The Story of Albion|year=1968|publisher=Bolton Enterprise|location=Bolton ON |url=http://www.town.caledon.on.ca/contentc/townhall/departments/planningdevelopment/Index_to_the_Story_of_Albion_by_Esther_Heyes_1968__compiled_by_Jean__Jeremy_Proctor-April2010.pdf|edition=2|access-date=25 June 2012|page=323|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120528160817/http://www.town.caledon.on.ca/contentc/townhall/departments/planningdevelopment/Index_to_the_Story_of_Albion_by_Esther_Heyes_1968__compiled_by_Jean__Jeremy_Proctor-April2010.pdf|archive-date=2012-05-28|url-status=dead}}</ref> ''The Caledon Enterprise'' is published weekly from Bolton by [[Metroland Media]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Caledon Enterprise|url=http://www.metroland.com/Communities/100643/Caledon_Enterprise|work=Metroland Media|access-date=25 June 2012|location=Mississauga ON|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120707084650/http://www.metroland.com/Communities/100643/Caledon_Enterprise|archive-date=7 July 2012|url-status=dead|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Also based out of Bolton is ''The Caledon Citizen'', established in 1982. A MELINIUM paper, it is published by Caledon Publishing Ltd.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.caledoncitizen.com/common/Misc/Contact_Info.html |title=Contact Info |access-date=2012-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702084849/http://www.caledoncitizen.com/common/Misc/Contact_Info.html |archive-date=2012-07-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref> A third newspaper, launched by Rick and Shelly Sargent in 2010, ''The Regional'', was published monthly in Bolton. In November 2012, the paper was acquired by Caledon Publishing and ceased publication. The Sargents began working with the ''Caledon Citizen''.

In January 2015 an online publication specific to Caledon, JustSayinCaledon.com, was started by former Bolton Ward 5 Regional Councilor Patti Foley. It publishes stories about local residents and businesses, Caledon event listings, town council highlights, opinion pieces, and a food section about local markets and restaurants.

A short-lived student-run newspaper, ''The Caledon Underground'', was published in 2010.

The [[creepypasta]] ''1999'' depicts a fictional television station based in Caledon, called Caledon Local 21, which was on the air from 1997 to 1999 in the broadcast area of stations in the Greater Toronto Area and Hamilton.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.bustle.com/articles/72619-is-the-creepypasta-1999-real-heres-the-truth-about-caledon-local-21-and-mr-bears-cellar |title=Is This Creepypasta Story Real? |author=Lucia Peters |date=March 27, 2015 |website=[[Bustle (magazine)|Bustle]] |access-date=February 2, 2021}}</ref>

[[Key Porter Books]] and its parent H.B. Fenn are headquartered in Bolton. The radio stations [[CJFB-FM]] and [[CFGM-FM]] are broadcasting from here.

===Historic sites===
[[File:Alton Mill, Caledon 2019.jpg|thumb|Back of the Alton Mill in 2019]]
*Old Township Hall (Caledon Village; built c.1875, now used as a theatre)<ref>https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=15541, Old Caledon Township Hall, Formally Recognized: 1982/01/25</ref> 
*Millcroft Inn (Alton; woollen mill, built in 1881, now a hotel)<ref>https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=15530&pid=0, Millcroft Inn Formally Recognized: 1991/10/07</ref> 
*Alton Mill (Alton; woollen mill, c.1881, now an arts centre)<ref>https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=2088&pid=0, Alton Mill Formally Recognized: 2004/12/07</ref>
*Brick Work Ruins (Cheltenham)
*[[Humber River (Ontario)|Humber River]] (designated as a [[Canadian Heritage River]])  
*Great War Flying Museum (at [[Brampton-Caledon Airport]])
*Hair Pin Turn (Beside the [[Credit River]])

===Trails===
*Andrew's Treasure Trail 
*[[Bruce Trail]]
*Caledon Trailway
*Elora-Cataract Trail
*Grand Valley Trail
*Humber Valley Trail 
*Oak Ridges Trail

=== Organizations ===
* [[Freemasonry]]
* Caledon Ski Club
* [[List of holiday parades#Ontario|Kinsmen Club Christmas Parade]]
* [[Columbian Squires]]
* [[Knights of Columbus]]

===Protected areas===
[[File:Caledon Lake in Peel Region, GTA, Ontario, Canada.jpg|thumb|[[Caledon Lake]] lies in the headwaters of the [[Credit River]].]]
* [[Albion Hills Conservation Area]]
* Alton Grange Property <ref>{{cite web |url=http://altongrange.ca/ |title=Home |website=altongrange.ca}}</ref>
* Belfountain Conservation Area 
* [[Caledon Lake]] Forest Conservation Area
* [[Forks of the Credit Provincial Park]]
* Glen Haffy Conservation Area
* Ken Whillans Conservation Area
* Palgrave Forest and Wildlife Area
* Robert Baker Forest Conservation Area
* Terra Cotta Conservation Area
* Warwick Conservation Area

===Sports and recreation===
Junior hockey teams include the [[Caledon Admirals]] (Jr. A), [[Caledon Bombers]] (Jr. B) and the [[Caledon Golden Hawks]] (Jr. C). The [[Caledon Canadians]] are now defunct.

Minor hockey teams include the Caledon Hawks and the Caledon Coyotes.

Lacrosse in Caledon is represented by the Caledon Vaughan Minor Lacrosse Association, which operates Minor Field and both minor and junior C box teams.

[[Mike Fox (horse)|Mike Fox]], the winner of the 2007 Queen's Plate, was foaled in Caledon, and [[Peaks and Valleys]] currently stands there.

Caledon Equestrian Park, in Palgrave, hosted the equestrian events of the [[2015 Pan American Games]].<ref>{{cite web|title=OLG Caledon Pan Am Equestrian Park|url=http://www.toronto2015.org/venue/caledon-equestrian-park|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131121061137/http://www.toronto2015.org/venue/caledon-equestrian-park|archive-date=November 21, 2013|access-date=January 11, 2019|website=toronto2015.org|publisher=Pan Am / Parapan Am Games, 2015}}</ref>

==Notable people==
{{Main|List of people from Caledon, Ontario}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Canada}}
* [[Media in Peel]]
* [[List of townships in Ontario]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
*{{SCref|unit=csd|name=2011csd|accessdate=2012-03-01|3521024}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://www.caledon.ca}}

{{Geographic location
 | Centre    = Caledon
 | North     = [[Mono, Ontario|Mono]]<br />[[Adjala-Tosorontio, Ontario|Adjala-Tosorontio]]
 | Northeast = [[New Tecumseth, Ontario|New Tecumseth]]
 | East      = [[King, Ontario|King]]
 | Southeast = [[Vaughan]]
 | South     = [[Brampton]]
 | Southwest = [[Halton Hills, Ontario|Halton Hills]]
 | West      = [[Erin, Ontario|Erin]]
 | Northwest = [[East Garafraxa, Ontario|East Garafraxa]]<br />[[Orangeville, Ontario|Orangeville]]
}}
{{peel region}}
{{Greater Toronto Area}}
{{Subject bar|auto=y|d=y}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Caledon, Ontario|*]]
[[Category:Lower-tier municipalities in Ontario]]
[[Category:Towns in Ontario]]