Editing CANTAT-1

'''CANTAT-1''' was the first [[Canada|Canadian]] [[transatlantic telephone cable]], between [[Hampden, Newfoundland and Labrador|Hampden]], [[Newfoundland]] and eventually [[Grosses-Roches|Grosses-Roches, Quebec]] and [[Oban]], [[United Kingdom]], which followed on from the success of [[TAT-1]].<ref name=HATCANTAT>{{cite web |url=https://atlantic-cable.com/Cables/1961CANTAT/index.htm |title=1961 CANTAT Cable |last=Glover |first=Bill |website=History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications |access-date=13 January 2020}}</ref><ref name=HATtime>{{cite web |url=https://atlantic-cable.com/Cables/CableTimeLine/index1951.htm |title=Cable Timeline: 1951-2000 |last=Glover |first=Bill |website=History of the Atlantic Cable & Undersea Communications |access-date=13 January 2020}}</ref> It was conceived and approved as stage one of a proposed commonwealth round the world cable and was done at a cost of $8,500,000.<ref name=Hills>{{cite book|author=Jill Hills|title=Telecommunications and Empire|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gc9oTZsiM10C&pg=PA57|year=2007|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=978-0-252-03258-5|lccn=2007023284 |pages=33, 57–58}}</ref> The system was jointly owned by [[Cable & Wireless plc|Cable & Wireless]] and the [[VSNL International Canada|Canadian Overseas Telecommunication Corporation]] (COTC).

The system, involving the first commercial use of a new lightweight deep sea cable with a weight in water of about one-fifth that of armored deep sea cable, was laid in two phases. The first, CANTAT A, was the {{cvt|2072|nmi| mi km}} ocean section laid by HMTS [[CS Monarch (1945)|''Monarch'']] with the U.K. shore end laid by HMTS ''Ariel''<ref group=note>Built 1939 by Swan, Hunter and Wigham Richardson Ltd.</ref> and the Canadian end laid by the U.S. Army CS [[USNS Albert J. Myer|''Albert J. Myer'']]. The second phase, linked by overland cable from Hampden to [[Corner Brook]], Newfoundland, was the {{cvt|400|nmi| mi km}} segment laid by HMTS CS ''Alert''<ref group=note>Fourth ''Alert'', built in 1961 by Fairfield Ship Building & Engineering.</ref> with both shore ends laid by CS ''Hadsund''.<ref name=HATCANTAT/><ref name=HATtime/>

The new Trans Atlantic cables, TAT-1, CANTAT-1 and [[TAT-2]], with their high capacity brought about a major change in regulations, with specific changes in the [[U.S. Federal Communications Commission]] policies regarding lease of foreign cable channels by U.S. international record carriers.<ref group=note>Companies had been divided by the [[Communications Act of 1934]] according to the technology used.</ref><ref name=Hills/> CANTAT-1 operated from 1961 to 1986, initially carrying 60 telephone circuits, later modified from 4&nbsp;kHz channels to 3&nbsp;kHz channels, expanding capacity to 80 telephone circuits.<ref name=HATCANTAT/><ref name=HATtime/>

== Footnotes ==
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==References==
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==External links==
*[https://atlantic-cable.com/Cableships/Alert/index.htm HMTS/CS ''Alert'' (4)]
*[https://atlantic-cable.com/Cableships/Ariel/index.htm HMTS ''Ariel'' and Ron Woodland]
*[https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/objects/co33335/specimen-of-lightweight-transatlantic-telephone-cable-1961-armoured-cables Specimen of lightweight transatlantic telephone cable, 1961]

{{Transatlantic telephone cables}}
{{Submarine communications cables in the Atlantic Ocean}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cantat-1}}
[[Category:1986 disestablishments in Canada]]
[[Category:Submarine communications cables in the North Atlantic Ocean]]
[[Category:Transatlantic communications cables]]
[[Category:Infrastructure completed in 1961]]
[[Category:Canada–United Kingdom relations]]
[[Category:1961 establishments in Canada]]
[[Category:1961 establishments in Scotland]]
[[Category:1986 disestablishments in Scotland]]


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