Editing Côtes-d'Armor

{{short description|Department of France}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox department for additional fields and descriptions -->
| name                    = Côtes-d'Armor
| native_name             = {{native name|br|Aodoù-an-Arvor}}
| native_name_lang        = fr<!-- ISO 639-2 code e.g. "fr" for French. If more than one, use {{lang}} instead -->
| type                    = [[Departments of France|Department]]
| image_skyline           = Préfecture des Côtes-d'Armor à Saint-Brieuc.jpg
| image_alt               = 
| image_caption           = The [[Departmental council (France)|departmental council]] and [[Prefectures in France|prefectural]] building in Saint-Brieuc.
| image_flag              = Flag of the Department of Côtes-d'Armor.svg
| flag_alt                = 
| image_shield            = Blason département fr Côtes-d’Armor.svg
| shield_alt              = 
| nickname                = 
| motto                   = 
| image_map               = Côtes-d'Armor-Position.svg
| map_alt                 = 
| map_caption             = Location of Côtes-d'Armor in France
| pushpin_map             = 
| pushpin_label_position  = 
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = 
| coordinates             = {{coord|48|20|N|02|50|W|region:FR_type:adm2nd_scale:2000000|display=inline,title}}
| coor_pinpoint           = 
| coordinates_footnotes   = 
| subdivision_type        = Country
| subdivision_name        = France
| subdivision_type1       = [[Regions of France|Region]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Brittany (administrative region)|Brittany]]
| established_title       = 
| established_date        = 
| founder                 = 
| seat_type               = [[Prefectures in France|Prefecture]]
| seat                    = [[Saint-Brieuc]]
| parts_type              = [[Subprefectures in France|Subprefectures]]
| parts_style             = para
| p1                      = [[Dinan]]<br>[[Guingamp]]<br>[[Lannion]]
| government_footnotes    = 
| leader_party            = [[Socialist Party (France)|PS]]
| leader_title            = [[List of presidents of departmental councils (France)|President of the departmental council]]
| leader_name             = Christian Coail<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les conseillers départementaux|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/601ef073-d986-4582-8e1a-ed14dc857fba|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=4 May 2022|language=fr}}</ref>
| unit_pref               = Metric<!-- or US or UK -->
| area_magnitude          = 
| area_footnotes          = {{ref|area|1}}
| area_total_km2          = 6878
| area_note               = 
| elevation_footnotes     = 
| elevation_m             = 
| elevation_min_m         = 
| elevation_max_m         = 
| population_total        = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
| population_as_of        = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
| population_footnotes    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes2}}
| population_rank         = [[List of French departments by population|42nd]]
| population_density_km2  = auto
| population_demonym      = 
| population_note         = 
| blank_name_sec1         = [[Departments of France|Department number]]
| blank_info_sec1         = 22
| blank_name_sec2         = [[Arrondissements of France|Arrondissements]]
| blank_info_sec2         = [[arrondissements of the Côtes-d'Armor department|4]]
| blank1_name_sec2        = [[Cantons in France|Cantons]]
| blank1_info_sec2        = [[cantons of the Côtes-d'Armor department|27]]
| blank2_name_sec2        = [[Communes in France|Communes]]
| blank2_info_sec2        = [[communes of the Côtes-d'Armor department|348]]
| timezone1               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| utc_offset1             = +1
| timezone1_DST           = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset1_DST         = +2
| postal_code_type        = 
| postal_code             = 
| area_code_type          = 
| area_code               = 
| iso_code                = 
| website                 = 
| footnotes               = {{note|area|1}} French Land Register data, which exclude [[estuary|estuaries]], and lakes, ponds, and glaciers larger than 1&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>
}}
The '''Côtes-d'Armor''' ({{IPAc-en|k|oʊ|t|_|d|ɑː|ɹ|m|ə|ɹ}} {{respell|koht|_|dar|mər}}, {{IPAc-en|-|d|ɑː|ɹ|m|ɔɹ}} {{respell|-|dar|mor}}; {{IPA|fr|kot daʁmɔʁ|-|Fr-Paris--Côtes-d’Armor.ogg}}; {{langx|br|Aodoù-an-Arvor}}, {{IPA|br|ˈoːdu ãn ˈarvor|}}), formerly known as '''Côtes-du-Nord''' until 1990 ({{langx|br|Aodoù-an-Hanternoz|link=no}}, {{IPA|br|ˈoːdu ãn ˌhãntɛrˈnoːs|}}), is a [[departments of France|department]] in the north of [[Brittany (administrative region)|Brittany]], in northwestern France. In 2019, it had a population of 600,582.<ref name=pop2019>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/6011060/dep22.pdf Populations légales 2019: 22 Côtes-d'Armor], INSEE</ref>

==History==

=== French Revolution ===
Côtes-du-Nord was one of the original 83 departments created on 4 March 1790 following the [[French Revolution]]. It was made up from the near entirety of the ancient [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint-Brieuc|Pays de Saint-Brieuc]], most of historical [[Trégor]], the eastern half of [[Cornouaille]], and the north-western part of the [[Ancient Diocese of Saint-Malo|former diocese of Saint-Malo]].

=== World War II ===
During the [[World War II|Second World War]], Côtes-d'Armor was [[German military administration in occupied France during World War II|occupied by the Nazis]] and was the site of [[French Resistance]] operations, such as [[Operation Samwest]], around the time of the [[Normandy landings]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-02-19 |title=History of operation Samwest in June 1944 in Britanny |url=https://www.dday-overlord.com/en/battle-of-normandy/resistance/samwest |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240528144411/https://www.dday-overlord.com/en/battle-of-normandy/resistance/samwest/ |archive-date=2024-05-28 |access-date=2025-03-06 |website=dday-overlord.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Post-War ===
On 27 February 1990, the name was changed to Côtes-d'Armor; the [[French language|French]] word ''côtes'' means "coasts" and ''ar mor'' is "the sea" in [[Breton language|Breton]]. The name also recalls that of the [[Roman province]] of [[Armorica]] ("the coastal region").

==Geography==
Côtes-d'Armor is part of the current administrative region of [[Brittany (administrative region)|Brittany]] and is bounded by the departments of [[Ille-et-Vilaine]] to the east, [[Morbihan]] to the south, and [[Finistère]] to the west, and by the [[English Channel]] to the north.

The region is an undulating [[plateau]] including three well-marked ranges of hills in the south. A [[granitoid]] chain, the Monts du Méné, starting in the south-east of the department runs in a north-westerly direction, forming the [[Drainage divide|watershed]] between the rivers running respectively to the [[English Channel]] and the [[Atlantic Ocean]]. Towards its western extremity this chain bifurcates to form the [[Montagnes Noires]] in the south-west and the [[Monts d'Arrée]] in the west of the department. Off the coast, which is steep, rocky and much indented, are the [[Jentilez]], [[Île-de-Bréhat|Bréhat]] and other small islands. The principal bays are those of [[Saint-Malo]] and [[Saint-Brieuc]].<ref>{{EB1911|inline=y|wstitle=Côtes-du-Nord|volume=7|page=249}}</ref>

===Principal towns===

The most populous commune is [[Saint-Brieuc]], the prefecture. As of 2019, there are 6 communes with more than 10,000 inhabitants:<ref name=pop2019/>

{| class=wikitable
! Commune
! Population (2019)
|-
| [[Saint-Brieuc]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 43,605
|-
| [[Lannion]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 20,210
|-
| [[Lamballe-Armor]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 16,688
|-
| [[Dinan]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 14,407
|-
| [[Plérin]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 14,309
|-
| [[Ploufragan]]
| style="text-align: center;" | 11,383
|}

==Demographics==
The inhabitants of the department are known in French as ''Costarmoricains''.
{{historical populations|align=none|cols=2|percentages=pagr|footnote=Sources:<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://splaf.free.fr/22his.html|title=Historique des Côtes-d'Armor|website=Le SPLAF}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4176909?geo=DEP-22|title=Évolution et structure de la population en 2016|publisher=INSEE}}</ref>|graph-pos=bottom|15=1801|16=504,303|17=1821|18=552,424|19=1831|20=598,872|21=1841|22=607,572|23=1851|24=632,613|25=1861|26=628,676|27=1876|28=630,957|29=1881|30=627,585|31=1891|32=618,652|33=1901|34=609,349|35=1921|36=557,824|37=1936|38=532,000|39=1946|40=526,955|41=1954|42=503,178|43=1962|44=501,923|45=1968|46=506,000|47=1975|48=525,556|49=1982|50=538,860|51=1990|52=538,443|53=1999|54=542,398|55=2006|56=569,498|57=2011|58=594,375|59=2016|60=598,953}}

==Politics==
{{See also|Departmental Council of Côtes-d'Armor}}
Côtes-d'Armor's long tradition of [[anti-clericalism]], especially in the interior around [[Guingamp]] (a former [[French Communist Party|Communist]] stronghold), has often led to the department's being seen as an area of left-wing exceptionalism in a region that historically was otherwise strongly Catholic and right-wing. The current president of the departmental council, Christian Coail, is a member of the [[Socialist Party (France)|Socialist Party]].

{| class="wikitable" style="font-size: 95%;"
!colspan=2| Party groupings || seats
|-
! style="background-color: {{party color|Union for a Popular Movement}}" |
|Centre et droite républicaine||align="right"| 32
|-
! style="background-color: {{party color|Socialist Party (France)}}" |
|Socialiste et républicain||align="right"| 15
|-
! style="background-color: {{party color|French Communist Party}}" |
|Communiste et républicain||align="right"| 5
|-
! style="background-color: white" |
|''non-party''||align="right"| 2
|-
|}

===Current National Assembly Representatives===

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!colspan="2"|Constituency!!Member<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/|title=Assemblée nationale ~ Les députés, le vote de la loi, le Parlement français |website=assemblee-nationale.fr }}</ref>!!Party
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|Democratic Movement (France)}}" |
| [[Côtes-d'Armor's 1st constituency]]
| [[Bruno Joncour]]
| [[Democratic Movement (France)|MoDem]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|En Marche!}}" |
| [[Côtes-d'Armor's 2nd constituency]]
| [[Hervé Berville]]
| [[La République En Marche!]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|The Republicans (France)}}" |
| [[Côtes-d'Armor's 3rd constituency]]
| [[Marc Le Fur]]
| [[The Republicans (France)|The Republicans]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|En Marche!}}" |
| [[Côtes-d'Armor's 4th constituency]]
| [[Yannick Kerlogot]]
| [[La République En Marche!]]
|-
|style="background-color: {{party color|La République En Marche!}}" |
| [[Côtes-d'Armor's 5th constituency]]
| [[Éric Bothorel]]
| [[La République En Marche!]]
|}

==Culture==
The western part of the department is part of the traditionally [[Breton language|Breton]]-speaking "Lower Brittany" (''Breizh-Izel'' in Breton). The boundary runs from [[Plouha]] to [[Mûr-de-Bretagne]]. The Breton language has become an intense issue in many parts of Brittany, and many Breton-speakers advocate for bilingual schools. [[Gallo language|Gallo]] is also spoken in the east and is offered as a language in the schools and on the baccalaureat exams.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Paimpol Hafen 9305.jpg|[[Paimpol]]
File:PSIMG 4112.JPG|[[Perros-Guirec]]
File:200707 Fort La Latte 03.JPG|[[Fort-la-Latte]]
File:CapFrehelLightHouse.jpg|[[Cap Fréhel]]
File:Castel Meur.JPG|Castel Meur house in [[Plougrescant]]
File:Du Guesclin Dinan.jpg|Statue of [[Bertrand du Guesclin]] in [[Dinan]]
</gallery>

==Notable people==
*[[Anne Beaumanoir]] (1923–2022), one of the [[Righteous Among the Nations]], was born in [[Saint-Cast-le-Guildo|Guildo]].
*[[Bernadette Cattanéo]] (1899–1963), trade unionist and militant communist
*English-born poet [[Robert W. Service|Robert William Service]] (1874–1958), known as the "Bard of the Yukon", is buried in Lancieux.

==See also==
*[[Cantons of the Côtes-d'Armor department]]
*[[Communes of the Côtes-d'Armor department]]
*[[Arrondissements of the Côtes-d'Armor department]]
*[[Chemin de fer des Côtes-du-Nord]], former railway in this region

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
* {{in lang|fr}} [https://www.cotes-darmor.gouv.fr/ Prefecture website]
* {{in lang|fr}} [https://cotesdarmor.fr/ Departmental Council website]
* {{in lang|fr}} [https://www.cotesdarmor.com/ Tourist board website]

{{Departments of France}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cotes-D'armor}}
[[Category:Côtes-d'Armor| ]]
[[Category:1790 establishments in France]]
[[Category:Departments of Brittany]]
[[Category:States and territories established in 1790]]