Editing Byerley Turk

{{short description|17th- and 18th-century stallion and one of the foundation stallions of the Thoroughbred breed}}
[[Image:Byerly Turk.jpg|right|thumb|270px|''The Byerley Turk'' by [[John Wootton]]]]
The '''Byerley Turk''' ({{circa|1680|1703}}<ref name=pedigreequery>{{cite web|title=Byerley Turk Horse Pedigree|url=http://www.pedigreequery.com/byerley+turk|website=www.pedigreequery.com|access-date=June 2, 2016}}</ref>), also spelled Byerly Turk, was the earliest of three [[Stallion (horse)|stallion]]s that were the founders of the modern [[Thoroughbred]] [[horse racing]] bloodstock (the other two are the [[Godolphin Arabian]] and the [[Darley Arabian]]).<ref name="Ahnert">Ahnert, Rainer L. (editor in chief), "Thoroughbred Breeding of the World", Pozdun Publishing, Germany, 1970</ref><ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2052.2001.00785.x| pmid = 11736806| title = Microsatellite diversity, pedigree relatedness and the contributions of founder lineages to thoroughbred horses| journal = Animal Genetics| volume = 32| issue = 6| pages = 360–364| year = 2001| last1 = Cunningham | first1 = E. P.| last2 = Dooley | first2 = J. J.| last3 = Splan | first3 = R. K.| last4 = Bradley | first4 = D. G.}}</ref>

==Background==
The biographical details of the stallion are the subject of much speculation. The entry in the ''[[General Stud Book]]'' simply states: ''"BYERLY TURK, was Captain Byerly's {{sic}} charger in Ireland, in King William's wars (1689, &c.)''."<ref>''General Stud Book'', Vol., I, p. 389</ref> As for his earlier history, the most popular theory is that the horse was captured at the [[Battle of Buda (1686)]] along with the Lister Turk, who was brought to England by the Duke of Berwick. Other sources speculate he was one of three Turkish stallions captured at the [[Battle of Vienna]].<ref name=Bloodlines/> It is even possible he was bred in England from previously imported stock.<ref name="101Facts">{{cite book|last1=Byles|first1=Tony|title=101 Interesting Facts on the History of Horse Racing|date=January 14, 2015|publisher=Apex Publishing Limited}}</ref> He was definitely the war horse of Captain [[Robert Byerley]], who was dispatched to Ireland in 1689 during [[King William's War]] and saw further military service in the [[Battle of the Boyne]]. According to early records, Captain Byerley was nearly captured while reconnoitering the enemy, "owing his safety to the superior speed of his horse".<ref name="Bloodlines"/>

As a general rule, the spelling of a name registered with the [[Jockey Club]] is considered definitive, even if it is an obvious error.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hoppert|first1=Melissa|title=So, Who Misspelled American Pharoah?|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/23/sports/american-pharoah-may-be-seeking-triple-crown-but-letter-perfect-hes-not.html|website=The New York Times|access-date=21 February 2017|date=22 May 2015}}</ref> However, the original edition of the ''General Stud Book'' was compiled nearly a century after the fact (in 1791) and contains several errors that have been subsequently corrected. Most sources consider the correct spelling of the horse's name to follow the correct spelling of the owner's name, Byerley.<ref name=Bloodlines/>

The Byerley Turk was a dark [[Seal brown (horse)|brown]] or [[Black horse|black]]<ref name=pedigreequery/> horse of unknown breeding, but described in historic accounts as an [[Arabian horse|Arabian]].<ref name="Bloodlines">{{cite web|title=Byerley Byerly Turk|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/ByerlyTurk.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=June 3, 2016}}</ref> At the time, Turkish horses were described as descended from "those of Arabia or Persia", but stated that they were longer in the body and of a larger size.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/historyofbritish00whyt#page/68/mode/2up|title=History of the British Turf: from the earliest history to the present day|author=Whyte, James Christie|date=July 1840|access-date=2 June 2016|website=openlibrary.org}}</ref> He was described as a horse of elegance, courage and speed.<ref name=Bloodlines/> Many of his offspring were also noted to have been either bay or black.<ref name="heritage">{{cite web|last1=Peters|first1=Anne|title=Byerley Turk|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/ByerleyTurk.html|website=www.tbheritage.com|access-date=June 3, 2016}}</ref>

==Stud record==
In 1692, Captain Byerley married his cousin, Mary Wharton (sole heir to the estate of [[Goldsborough Hall|Goldsborough]], near [[Knaresborough]], [[North Yorkshire]], England) and moved to live with her at her family home of [[Goldsborough Hall]]. After Byerley retired (as Colonel Byerley), the Byerley Turk retired to stud, first at Middridge Grange, then, from 1697, at Goldsborough Hall.<ref name=Bloodlines/> The Byerley Turk died there in 1703 and it is believed he is buried close to the Hall. Goldsborough Hall is now a private family home that offers accommodation, which includes the commemorative Byerley suite.<ref>{{cite web|title=Goldsborough Hall History|url=http://www.goldsboroughhall.com/about/#village_history|website=www.goldsboroughhall.com|access-date=5 June 2016}}</ref>

He did not cover many well-bred mares,{{sfn|Whyte|1840|p=90}} but his most significant sons include:
[[File:Crofts Partner (GB).jpg|thumb|Partner, grandson of the Byerley Turk, grandsire of Herod]]
* Black Hearty, black colt born c. 1695, "a famous Horse of Sir George Fletcher"<ref name=Bloodlines/>
* Grasshopper or Bristol Grasshopper, c. 1695, won the Town Plate at Nottingham under 10 stone<ref name=Bloodlines/>
* Jigg, c. 1701, a bay colt of middling ability<ref name=heritage/> who became the sire of [[Partner (horse)|Partner]], a four-time leading sire. Partner sired Tartar, who was the sire of [[Herod (horse)|Herod]] (1738).<ref name="Ahnert"/> Herod founded one of the three sire lines from which all modern Thoroughbreds descend, the other lines being founded by [[Eclipse (horse)|Eclipse]] and [[Matchem]].
* Basto, a nearly black colt born c. 1704, who won several match races from 1708 to 1710.<ref>{{cite web|title=Basto Horse Pedigree|url=http://www.pedigreequery.com/basto|website=www.pedigreequery.com|access-date=3 June 2016}}</ref> Basto sired Old Ebony, the foundation mare of family #5.{{efn|Note that "family" refers to matrilineal descent, while "sire line" refers to patrilineal descent.}}

The Byerley Turk also sired several highly influential daughters, most of whose names do not survive. They are generally classified by the female family that they belong to:
* Byerley Turk mare, a black or brown daughter out of Tarfollet Barb mare, through whom all modern members of family #1 descend.<ref name=heritage/> Family 1 is estimated to account for 15% of all thoroughbreds, and has been divided into several sub-families for ease of reference. For example, family 1-k, the family of [[Frankel (horse)|Frankel]] among many others, traces back through several branches to family 1-a, Bonny Lass, a grand-daughter of the Byerley Turk mare.<ref>{{cite web|title=Thoroughbred Bloodlines - Tregonwell's Natural Barb Mare - Family 1|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Families/Family1.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=3 June 2016}}</ref> As of 2010, there were 33 [[Epsom Derby]] winners, 31 [[St. Leger Stakes|St. Leger]] winners, and 40 winners of [[The Oaks Stakes]] listed in family 1 as descendants of the Byerley Turk mare<ref>{{cite web|title=Family 1|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricDams/EngFoundationMares/Family1/Family1.html|website=www.tbheritage.com|access-date=3 June 2016}}</ref>
* Bowes' Byerley Turk mare, the "Dam of the Two True Blues", the taproot of family 3. Though not as widespread as family 1, many classic winners around the world trace back to family 3.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bowes' Byerley Turk Mare - Family 3 Index|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Families/Family3.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=3 June 2016}}</ref> As of 2010, there were 25 Derby winners, 26 Oaks winners and 20 St Leger winners from family 3<ref>{{cite web|title=Family 3 - Dam of the Two True Blues|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricDams/EngFoundationMares/Family3/Family3.html|website=www.tbheritage.com|access-date=5 June 2016}}</ref>
* The Byerley Turk mare out of Bustler Mare, the taproot of family 8, which has produced 7 Oaks winners, 11 Derby winners, and 15 St Leger winners including [[Nijinsky (horse)|Nijinsky]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Family 8|url=http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricDams/EngFoundationMares/Family8/Family8.html|website=www.tbheritage.com|access-date=5 June 2016}}</ref>
* The Byerley Turk mare that was the taproot of family 17, which has produced 2 Oaks and 3 St Leger winners 
* The Byerley Turk mare that was the taproot of family 41<ref>{{cite web|title=Byerley Turk Mare - Family 41|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Families/Family41.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=3 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="Wentworth">Wentworth, Lady, "Thoroughbred Racing Stock", George Allen & Unwin Ltd, London, 1960, Warne & Co, London & New York, 1960</ref>

==Byerley Turk sire line==
[[File:Herod (horse).jpg|thumb|Herod (King Herod)]]
The Byerley sire line persisted by producing a major sire every few generations, whose sons would create branches of their own. Most of these branches have died out over the course of time. The line of descent to the present day is as follows:<ref name="Morris">Morris, Simon; ''Tesio Power 2000 – Stallions of the World'', Syntax Software</ref><ref>Churchill, Jennifer, ''Australia and New Zealand – Sires for '87'', Racetrack Magazine</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Foundation Sire Lines|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/SireLines.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=4 June 2016}}</ref>
* The Byerley Turk (~1680) sired [[Jigg (horse)|Jigg]] in 1705, who sired [[Partner (horse)|Partner]] in 1718, who sired [[Tartar (horse, foaled 1743)|Tartar]] in 1743, who sired [[Herod (horse)|Herod]] in 1758. Herod was the [[leading sire in Great Britain and Ireland]] from 1777 to 1784.
* Herod sired [[Highflyer (horse)|Highflyer]] in 1774, leading sire in Great Britain from 1785-1796. Highflyer's line persisted for many generations but died out in the first half of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Highflyer Sire Line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Highflyer.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref>
* Herod also sired [[Florizel]] born in 1768, who sired [[Diomed]] (1777). Diomed would become a foundation sire of the American turf. In turn, Diomed sired [[Sir Archy]] who was the first great "sire of sires" in the United States. A few generations later through Sir Archy's line came [[Lexington (horse)|Lexington]] who became the [[leading sire in North America]] sixteen times in the mid-19th century, but his sire line died out in the late 20th century.<ref name="Midnight">[https://horseracingtoday.net/the-meaning-of-the-death-of-midnight-bourbon/ The Meaning of the death of Midnight Bourbon]</ref><ref name="Saudi">[https://horseracingtoday.net/the-kingdom-of-saudi-arabia-has-four-horses-from-the-nearly-dead-st-simon-sire-line/ Saudi Arabia has four horses from the nearly dead St Simon sire line]</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Herod / Diomed sire line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Herod.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="American Classic Pedigrees">[https://books.google.com/books?id=ozOLKZl9XzsC&dq=american+classic+pedigrees+1914-2002+lexington+extinct&pg=PA13 American Classic Pedigrees (1914-2002)]</ref>
[[File:Sultan (GB).jpg|thumb|Sultan]] 
*Herod's line continued through [[Woodpecker (horse)|Woodpecker]], foaled in 1773, who sired [[Buzzard (horse)|Buzzard]] (1787). Buzzard founded several sire lines that flourished in the 19th century, most of which withered away in the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Buzzard Sire Line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Buzzard.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref> Buzzard's sire line continued through [[Selim (horse)|Selim]], foaled in 1802, who was leading sire of 1814. Selim produced yet another flourishing sire line, most of which died away by the mid 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Selim's Sire Line|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/Selim.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=21 February 2017}}</ref> Selim's sire line continued through [[Sultan (horse)|Sultan]], born in 1816. Sultan was leading sire 6 times.
[[File:Bay Middleton.jpg|thumb|Bay Middleton]]
*Sultan in turn sired [[Bay Middleton (horse)|Bay Middleton]] (1833), who was leading sire in 1844 and 1849. Bay Middleton sired several sire sons but most of his line died out by the middle of the 20th century.<ref>{{cite web|title=Sire Lines Bay Middleton|url=http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/BayMiddleton.htm|website=www.bloodlines.net|access-date=4 June 2016}}</ref> Bay Middleton's sire line continued through [[The Flying Dutchman (horse)|The Flying Dutchman]], born in 1846. The Flying Dutchman sired several sons whose lines gradually died out over the course of the 20th century. The Flying Dutchman's line continued through Dollar in 1860, who sired Androcles in 1870, who sired Cambyse in 1884, who sired Gardefeu in 1895, who sired Chouberski in 1902, who sired Bruleur in 1910. Bruleur sired [[Ksar (horse)|Ksar]] in 1918.
[[File:KSAR1921.jpg|thumb|Ksar, 1921]]
*Ksar was a two-time winner of the Arc de Triomphe and the [[leading sire in France]] for 1931. Ksar sired [[Tourbillon (horse)|Tourbillon]] in 1928. Tourbillon was three-time leading sire in France. As recently as the 1982 stallion register, four sons of Tourbillon were known to have active stallions ([[Ambiorix (horse)|Ambiorix]], Coaraze, [[Djebel]], and Timor).<ref name="Not Eclipse"/> However, Tourbillon's sire line has not had a stallion in the top 100 turf horses as recently as 2018.<ref>[https://www.thoroughbredracing.com/articles/4046/northern-dancer-and-turf-soon-only-few-other-sire-lines-may-effectively-exist/ Northern Dancer and turf: soon only a few other sire lines may effectively exist]</ref>
* Djebel sired [[My Babu]], who also won the 2000 Guineas. The My Babu sire line persisted for several generations, leading to [[Cirrus des Aigles]], a Group 1 winner as late as 2014. Unfortunately, Cirrus des Aigles was gelded so the My Babu sire line is on the brink of extinction, though as of 2023, sire Bulleton (Australia, 2003) still serves mares in N.S.W., Australia.<ref name="Bulleton">[https://www.horsedeals.com.au/listings/bulleton-ce9791b7-2297-4814-9d0b-3d505969510e Horse deals: Bulleton]</ref> His sire is Rubiton, by Century, by Better Boy (Ireland, 1951). Better Boy was 4-time Champion Sire in Australia (1965-66, 1970-71, 1971-72 and 1976-77), Sired 35 stakes winners and was Champion Broodmare Sire in Australia 1978-79.<ref name="Drying Up"/> In addition, Japanese horse racing fans have attempted to keep the sire line of [[Tokai Teio]] (who is a direct descendant to My Babu through his son Milesian’s line)<ref name="Quite Fine">[https://www.pedigreequery.com/quite+fine Quite Fine Pedigree]</ref> alive by means of [[crowdfunding]], through his son Quite Fine.<ref name="projects">{{Cite web |title=トウカイテイオー後継種牡馬プロジェクト・クワイトファイン種牡馬入りへの道 |url=https://camp-fire.jp/projects/view/204578 |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=camp-fire.jp |language=ja}}</ref><ref name="annex">{{Cite web |title=トウカイテイオーの血を令和に繋ぎたい！ファンの支援が後継種牡馬を送り出す - スポニチ Sponichi Annex ギャンブル |url=https://www.sponichi.co.jp/gamble/news/2021/08/02/kiji/20210801s00004048521000c.html |access-date=2023-04-30 |website=スポニチ Sponichi Annex |language=ja}}</ref>
* Djebel also sired Clarion, born in 1944, who, though less successful than My Babu on the track, is the best hope for the survival of the Byerley Turk sire line. Clarion sired Klairon in 1952, whose son Luthier would lead the french sire list four times. Luthier's sire line continued for a few generations but seems to have died out. Klairon also sired [[Lorenzaccio (horse)|Lorenzaccio]] in 1965, who in turn sired [[Ahonoora]] in 1975. Ahonoora proved a very successful sire, with offspring including: [[Don't Forget Me (horse)|Don't Forget Me]] (2000 Guineas), [[Dr Devious]] (Epsom Derby), and [[Indian Ridge]]. The Indian Ridge line has hopes primarily through the lineage of three sons: [[Compton Place (horse)|Compton Place]] (1994), Indian Rocket (1994), and [[Indian Haven]] (2000). Pearl Secret (son of Compton Place) is at stud in England, and Captain Chop (son of Indian Rocket) is at stud in France, while Indian Haven was at stud in Ireland until his death in 2023.<ref name="Drying Up">[https://paulickreport.com/news/bloodstock/foundation-byerley-turk-sire-line-drying-up-in-australia-and-beyond/ Foundation Byerley Turk Sire Line Drying Up In Australia And Beyond]</ref><ref name="shrinking">[http://werkhorse.com/whoshotwhosnot/index.php/2021/02/06/texas-breeder-responds-to-shrinking-man-o-war-line/ Texas breeder responds to shrinking Man o’ War line]</ref><ref name="CHOP">[https://www.etalons-galop.com/en/etalons/captain-chop-thoroughbred-bay,27.html THE FRENCH STALLION BOOK: CAPTAIN CHOP]</ref><ref name="Pearl Secret">[https://www.pedigreequery.com/progeny/pearl+secret Pearl Secret Progeny]</ref><ref name="Captain Chop">[https://www.pedigreequery.com/progeny/captain+chop Captain Chop Progeny]</ref>
* A minor Byerley-descended stallion was known to be in South America as recently as 2021, but wasn’t covering many mares.<ref name="vanish">[https://www.tdnausnz.com.au/edition/2021-07-02/the-byerley-turk-line-set-to-vanish-from-australia The Byerley Turk line set to vanish from Australia]</ref><ref>[https://www.racingpost.com/bloodstock/news/chapel-stud-announces-death-of-byerley-turk-line-sire-and-irish-2000-guineas-winner-indian-haven-at-23-af5pW3L4JphC/ Chapel Stud announces death of Byerley Turk line sire and Irish 2,000 Guineas winner Indian Haven at 23]</ref>

Thus the continuation of the Byerley Turk Thoroughbred sire line via Herod now largely depends on the descendants of Djebel, primarily through three descendants of his son Clarion (Captain Chop, Indian Haven, and Pearl Secret, via the Indian Ridge line),<ref name="Drying Up"/><ref name="CHOP"/><ref name="Pearl Secret"/><ref name="Captain Chop"/> secondarily through two descendants of his son My Babu (Bulleton via the Better Boy line, and Quite Fine via the Milesian line),<ref name="Bulleton"/><ref name="projects"/><ref name="annex"/><ref name="Quite Fine"/> and a minor Byerley Turk descended sire in South America.<ref name="vanish"/>

Of special note, a direct male descendant by the name of [[Gem Twist]], a three-time [[American Grand Prix Association]] champion Thoroughbred [[show jumping|show jumper]], had two clones produced<ref name="Clone of top jumper Gem Twist born">[https://www.horsetalk.co.nz/news/2008/09/105.shtml Clone of top jumper Gem Twist born]</ref><ref name="Cloned horses may now compete says FEI">[https://web.archive.org/web/20120708030240/http://www.horseandhound.co.uk/news/397/313182.html Cloned horses may now compete says FEI]</ref> that have successfully produced offspring as recently as 2012.<ref name="Gem Twist produce first foals">[https://www.horsetalk.co.nz/2012/05/05/gem-twist-et-clones-produce-first-foals/#.T_UUBpF6nag Gem Twist, ET clones produce first foals]</ref> The clones and any offspring of them are not considered Thoroughbreds however, as the breed requires procreation by natural means.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Genaro |first1=Teresa |title=Cloned Horses Good Enough For The Olympics, But Thoroughbred Racing Says "Neigh" |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/teresagenaro/2012/07/30/cloned-horses-good-enough-for-the-olympics-but-thoroughbred-racing-says-neigh/#303bb1a75b0a |website=Forbes |access-date=29 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref>

Focusing on the sire line underestimates the ongoing influence of the Byerley Turk: detailed pedigree analysis shows that he has a higher percentage of blood in the modern Thoroughbred than either of his fellow foundation sires through other lines of descent.<ref name="Not Eclipse">{{cite web|title=On Herod and Matchem but not Eclipse|url=http://cs.bloodhorse.com/blogs/scot/archive/2009/09/17/on-herod-and-matchem-but-not-eclipse-thoroughbred-founding-sires.aspx|website=cs.bloodhorse.com|access-date=2 June 2016}}</ref> Furthermore, the influence of the Byerley Turk has been felt through other horse breeds through his direct male descendants [[Diomed]] ([[American Quarter Horse]] and [[Standardbred]]),<ref name="Copperbottom">{{Cite web |url=http://quarterhorserecord.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Copperbottom.pdf |title=Copperbottom |access-date=2019-10-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191026145237/http://quarterhorserecord.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/Copperbottom.pdf |archive-date=2019-10-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="Lost Bloodline">[http://horsesonly.com/pednotes/WL/copperb.htm Lost Bloodline]</ref><ref name="Duroc">[http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/Duroc.html Duroc]</ref><ref name="American Star">[http://www.classicfamilies.net/HorseDetails.aspx?HorseID=10017790 American Star]</ref> [[Denmark (horse)|Denmark]] ([[American Saddlebred]]),<ref name="Saddlebred Heritage">[https://books.google.com/books?id=x7O_A_e-TAkC&dq=Harrison+Chief+Saddlebred&pg=PA11 Kentucky's Saddlebred Heritage]</ref> and [[Figure (horse)|Justin Morgan]] ([[Morgan horse]]).<ref name="Origin">[https://www.morganhorse.com/about_morgan/history/ Origin of the Morgan Horse]</ref> In fact, Denmark, Justin Morgan, and [[Sir Archy]]<ref name="Bloodlines Chart">[https://www.aqha.com/-/the-bloodlines-chart The Bloodlines Chart]</ref> (son of  Diomed), are key foundation sires for their respective breeds.<ref name="Saddlebred Heritage"/><ref name="Origin"/> Therefore, the Byerley Turk overall sire line lives on today more prominently through the American Quarter Horse, American Saddlebred, and Morgan horse than the Thoroughbred.

===Sire line tree===
{{cot|Byerley Turk descendants (click to expand)}}
{{tree list}}
*'''Byerley Turk'''<!--b. 1680--><ref name="Byerly Portraits">[http://www.tbheritage.com/Portraits/ByerleyTurk.html Byerley Portraits]</ref><ref name="Byerley Turk">[http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/ByerlyTurk.htm Byerley Turk]</ref><ref name="Byerley Turk Tree">[http://www.galopp-sieger.de/galoppsieger/stammtafel_html?startPferd=Byerley%20TurkByerley%20Ba&fart=&ftype=&tiefe=765&suchePferd=Byerl&efil= Byerley Turk Tree]</ref><ref name="Byerley Turk Line">[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/SireLineschts/SireLineBT.html Byerley Turk Line]</ref><ref name="Byerley Sirelines">[http://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Sirelines/ByerleyTurk.htm Byerley Sirelines]</ref>
**Archer<!--b. 1695-->
**Black Hearty<!--b. 1695-->
**Grasshopper<!--b. 1695-->
**Sprite<!--b. 1700-->
**[[Jigg (horse)|Jigg]]<!--b. 1701--><ref>[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresJ.html#Jigg Foundation Sire: Jigg]</ref>
***Son of Jigg<!--b. 1712-->
***[[Partner (horse)|Partner (Old)]]<!--b. 1718--><ref>[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html#OldPartner Foundation Sire: Old Partner]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Partner.htm Biography: Partner]</ref>
****Partner (Grisewood)<!--b. 1730--><ref name="P">[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresP.html Foundation Sires: P]</ref>
****Partner (Moore)<!--b. 1730--><ref name="P"/>
****Cato<!--b. 1731-->
****Little John<!--b. 1731-->
****Spectre<!--b. 1733-->
****Sedbury<!--b. 1734--><ref name="Sedbury">[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresS.html#Sedbury Foundation Sire: Sedbury]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Sedbury.htm Biography: Sedbury]</ref>
*****Soldier<!--b. 1747-->
*****Alfred<!--b. 1749-->
*****Tantivy<!--b. 1749-->
****Golden Ball<!--b. 1735-->
****Merry Andrew<!--b. 1735-->
****Badger<!--b. 1737--><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Studbook/EarlyB.htm Studbook: Early B]</ref>
****[[Tartar (horse, foaled 1743)|Tartar]]<!--b. 1743--><ref>[https://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#Tartar Foundation Sire: Tartar]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios2/Tartar.htm Biography: Tartar]</ref>
*****Miner<!--b. 1752-->
*****Beaufremont<!--b. 1758-->
*****[[Herod (horse)|Herod]]<!--b. 1758-->
*****Tartar (Wildman)<!--b. 1758-->
****Traveller (Old)<!--b. 1743--><ref>[https://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresT.html#OldTrav Foundation Sire: Old Traveller]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios2/TravellerOld.htm Biography: Traveller]</ref>
*****Dainty Davy<!--b. 1752-->
*****[[Squirrel (horse)|Squirrel]]<!--b. 1754-->
****Traveller (Morton)<!--b. 1746-->
*****Ariel<!--b. 1754-->
*****Partner (Lightfoot)<!--b. 1755-->
*****Yorick<!--b. 1760-->
*****Bellair<!--b. 1761-->
*****Silverlegs<!--b. 1761-->
*****Tristram Shandy<!--b. 1762-->
*****Traveller (Lloyd)<!--b. 1763--><ref>[https://www.morganhorse.com/about/museum/the-life-and-times-of-figure/ The Life and Times of Figure]</ref>
***Robinson Crusoe<!--b. 1723-->
***Shock<!--b. 1729-->
****Shock <!--b. 1750-->
****Bolton<!--b. 1752-->
**[[Basto (horse)|Basto]]<!--b. 1703--><ref>[http://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresB.html#Basto Foundation Sire: Basto]</ref><ref>[https://www.bloodlines.net/TB/Bios/Basto.htm Biography: Basto]</ref>
***Soreheels<!--b. 1714--><ref>[https://www.tbheritage.com/HistoricSires/FoundationSires/FoundSiresS.html#Soreheels Foundation Sire: Soreheels]</ref>
****Grey Soreheels<!--b. 1726-->
***Little Scar<!--b. 1724-->
{{tree list/end}}
{{cob}}

==See also==
* [[List of historical horses]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
*[http://www.galopp-sieger.de/galoppsieger/stammtafel_html?startPferd=Byerley%20TurkByerley%20Ba&fart=&ftype=&tiefe=765&suchePferd=Byerl&efil= Sire line for 15 generations]

{{notelist}}

==Bibliography==
*''The Byerley Turk'' by Jeremy James, publ. Merlin Unwin Books, {{ISBN|978-1-873674-98-7}} is a fictionalized account of the life of the Byerley Turk. It describes the [[Battle of Vienna]] and the [[Battle of Buda (1686)]], with a Turkish [[Perspective (cognitive)|perspective]].
*{{cite book |last=Whyte |first=James Christie |title=History of the British turf, from the earliest period to the present day, Volume I |year=1840 |publisher=H. Colburn |location=[[London]] |ol=6544990M }}
*''The Horse as a Cultural Icon: The Real and the Symbolic Horse in the Early Modern World'' edited by Peter Edwards, Karl A E Enenkel and Elspeth Graham, publ. BRILL 14 Oct 2011. The chapter by Richard Nash ''Beware a Bastard Breed - Notes Towards a Revisionist History Of The Thoroughbred Racehorse'' details Nash's research into the origins of the Byerley Turk.

==External links==
*[http://imh.org International Museum of the Horse]

[[Category:Arabian racehorses]]
[[Category:Individual Arabian and part-Arabian horses]]
[[Category:17th-century individual animals]]
[[Category:Byerley Turk sire line| ]]
[[Category:Foundation horse sires]]