Editing Browning, Montana

{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Browning, Montana
|settlement_type          = [[Census-designated place]]
|motto                    = 
|image_skyline            = LukasEddyBrowning.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = Downtown Browning in September 2022. Photo by Lukas Eddy
|image_map                = Glacier_County_Montana_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Browning_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250px
|map_caption              = Location of Browning, Montana
<!-- Location -->
|subdivision_type         = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name         = [[United States]]
|subdivision_type1        = [[U.S. state|State]]
|subdivision_name1        = [[Montana]]
|subdivision_type2        = [[List of counties in Montana|County]]
|subdivision_name2        = [[Glacier County, Montana|Glacier]]
<!-- Government -->
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|established_title        = 
|established_date         = 
<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="TigerWebMapServer">{{cite web|title=ArcGIS REST Services Directory|url=https://tigerweb.geo.census.gov/arcgis/rest/services/TIGERweb/Places_CouSub_ConCity_SubMCD/MapServer|publisher=United States Census Bureau|accessdate=September 5, 2022}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 0.72
|area_land_km2            = 0.72
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.28
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.28
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00
<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = 
|population_total         = 1018
|population_density_km2   = 1422.32
|population_density_sq_mi = 3688.41
<!-- General information -->
|timezone                 = [[Mountain Time Zone|Mountain (MST)]]
|utc_offset               = -7
|timezone_DST             = MDT
|utc_offset_DST           = -6
|elevation_footnotes      = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft             = 4377
|coordinates              = {{coord|48|33|23|N|113|00|54|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
<!-- Area/postal codes and others -->
|postal_code_type         = [[ZIP code]]
|postal_code              = 59417
|area_code                = [[Area code 406|406]]
|blank_name               = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info               = 30-10375
|blank1_name              = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info              = 2831321<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2831321}}</ref>
|website                  = {{Official website|http://www.browningmontana.com/|www.BrowningMontana.com}}
|footnotes                = 
}}

'''Browning'''  is a former [[town]] and current [[Census-designated place]] in [[Glacier County, Montana|Glacier County]], [[Montana]], United States. It is the headquarters for the [[Blackfeet Indian Reservation]] and was the only incorporated town on the Reservation. The population was 1,018 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=November 2, 2021}}</ref>

The town was named in 1885 for [[Commissioner of Indian Affairs]] Daniel M. Browning.<ref name="mhs">{{cite web|title=Montana Place Names Companion|url=http://mtplacenames.org/|publisher=Montana Historical Society|access-date=29 July 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bia.gov/sites/bia.gov/files/assets/public/pdf/idc-001881.pdf|format=PDF|title=The Commissioners of Indian Affairs 1824 – 1981|website=Bia.gov|access-date=March 8, 2022}}</ref> The post office was established in 1895.<ref name="names">{{cite book|last1=Carkeek Cheney|first1=Roberta|title=Names on the Face of Montana|date=1983|publisher=Mountain Press Publishing Company|location=Missoula, Montana|isbn=0-87842-150-5}}</ref> The town was disincorporated on September 26, 2018, after the town's government collapsed financially.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://msl.mt.gov/geoinfo/msdi/administrative_boundaries/|title=Administrative Boundaries|work=Montana State Library|date=February 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://rbr.com/blackfeet-tribe-gets-an-lpfm-from-a-local-town/|title=Blackfeet Tribe Gets An LPFM From A Local Town|work=Radio+Television Business Report|date=February 19, 2018}}</ref>

==Geography==
According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the town has a total area of {{convert|0.27|sqmi|sqkm|2}}, all land.<ref name="Gazetteer files">{{cite web|title=US Gazetteer files 2010 |url=https://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2012-12-18 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120702145235/http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt |archive-date=2012-07-02 }}</ref>
[[File:Montana - Browning - Church.jpg|right|thumb|A church in Browning]]

===Climate===
Browning has a warm-summer [[humid continental climate]] (''Dfb''), bordering on a [[subarctic climate]], as well as cold [[semi-arid]]. From January 23 to January 24, 1916, the temperature fell 100&nbsp;°F (56&nbsp;°C), from 44&nbsp;°F (7&nbsp;°C) to −56&nbsp;°F (−49&nbsp;°C), the world record for greatest temperature drop in 24 hours.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/tfx/tx.php?wfo=tfx&type=html&loc=text&fx=topweather| title = Top Ten Montana Weather Events of the 20th Century | work =National Weather Service Unveils Montana's Top Ten Weather/Water/Climate Events of the 20th Century  | publisher = National Weather Service | access-date = 2015-06-01}}</ref>
Browning's climate is [[semi-arid climate|semi-arid]] and [[continental climate|continental]]. Temperatures above {{convert|90|°F}} occur an average of twice annually, temperatures below {{convert|32|°F}} occur an average of 196 days annually, and those below {{convert|0|°F}} occur an average of 32 days annually. There is a large degree of [[diurnal temperature variation]] that occurs in the summer, but not as much in the winter. Large temperature swings are possible, especially in fall, winter, and spring. Arctic-air intrusions from western Canada can bring sudden, severe temperature drops, while [[Chinook wind|chinook]] events, with Pacific-originating warmer air descending from mountain ranges to the west, can result in dramatic temperature rises. Precipitation averages just over 14 inches per year, rendering the climate semi-arid. From November to March or April, the precipitation is primarily snow. Average monthly precipitation is lowest in winter and highest in the warm season. On average, June is the wettest month, with showers and thunderstorms most likely among all months.

{{Weather box 
|location = Browning (1894-1989)
|single line = Y
|collapsed = yes
| Jan record high F = 66
| Feb record high F = 68
| Mar record high F = 72
| Apr record high F = 91
| May record high F = 93
| Jun record high F = 100
| Jul record high F = 99
| Aug record high F = 102
| Sep record high F = 94
| Oct record high F = 83
| Nov record high F = 72
| Dec record high F = 69
|Jan high F = 28.2
|Feb high F = 31.9
|Mar high F = 38.0
|Apr high F = 50.5
|May high F = 60.7
|Jun high F = 68.1
|Jul high F = 77.8
|Aug high F = 76.0
|Sep high F = 65.4
|Oct high F = 55.2
|Nov high F = 40.2
|Dec high F = 32.2
|Jan low F = 8.0
|Feb low F = 11.2
|Mar low F = 16.9
|Apr low F = 27.3
|May low F = 35.5
|Jun low F = 41.8
|Jul low F = 46.1
|Aug low F = 44.4
|Sep low F = 37.5
|Oct low F = 30.9
|Nov low F = 19.9
|Dec low F = 13.3
| Jan record low F = -56
| Feb record low F = -46
| Mar record low F = -38
| Apr record low F = -14
| May record low F = 1
| Jun record low F = 21
| Jul record low F = 24
| Aug record low F = 19
| Sep record low F = 0
| Oct record low F = -17
| Nov record low F = -39
| Dec record low F = -47
|precipitation colour=green
|Jan precipitation inch =0.81
|Feb precipitation inch =0.70
|Mar precipitation inch =0.81
|Apr precipitation inch =1.09
|May precipitation inch =2.00
|Jun precipitation inch =2.77
|Jul precipitation inch =1.51
|Aug precipitation inch =1.39
|Sep precipitation inch =1.53
|Oct precipitation inch =0.83
|Nov precipitation inch =0.81
|Dec precipitation inch =0.72
|Jan snow inch = 9.5
|Feb snow inch = 8.3
|Mar snow inch = 8.9
|Apr snow inch = 6.6
|May snow inch = 2.3
|Jun snow inch = 0.4
|Jul snow inch = 0.1
|Aug snow inch = 0.1
|Sep snow inch = 2.6
|Oct snow inch = 4.2
|Nov snow inch = 7.4
|Dec snow inch = 9.1
|source 1 = <ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?mt1202 
|title=BROWNING, MONTANA (241202) 
|access-date=May 30, 2016
|publisher=Western Regional Climate Center }}</ref>
|date=May 2016
}}

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1920= 986
|1930= 1172
|1940= 1825
|1950= 1691
|1960= 2011
|1970= 1700
|1980= 1226
|1990= 1170
|2000= 1065
|2010= 1016
|2020= 1018
|align-fn=center
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref><ref name="wwwcensusgov"/>
}}

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name="2010 Census">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=2012-12-18}}</ref> of 2010, there were 1,016 people, 360 households, and 243 families living in the town. The [[population density]] was {{convert|3763.0|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 394 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1459.3|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 5.5% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 92.7% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], and 1.8% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 3.7% of the population.

There were 360 households, of which 45.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 28.6% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 28.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 10.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 32.5% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.82 and the average family size was 3.43.

The median age in the town was 29.8 years. 33.1% of residents were under the age of 18; 9.6% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 23.6% were from 25 to 44; 23% were from 45 to 64; and 10.7% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 46.1% male and 53.9% female.

===2000 census===
[[File:Browning Montana Post Office.jpg|thumb|Post office]]

{| class="wikitable sortable collapsible" style="font-size: 90%;"
|-
! Languages (2000)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apps.mla.org/map_data_results&state_id=30&place_id=10375&cty_id=|title = Data Center Results|website=Apps.mla.org}}</ref>!! Percent
|-
| Spoke [[English language|English]] at home || 90.76%
|-
| Spoke [[Blackfoot language|Blackfoot]] at home || 9.24%
|}
As of the [[census]]<ref name="GR2">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |access-date=2008-01-31 |title=U.S. Census website }}</ref> of 2000, there were 1,065 people, 360 households, and 254 families living in the town. The population density was {{convert|3,911.2|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. There were 409 housing units at an average density of {{convert|1,502.0|/sqmi|/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 6.57% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 90.52% [[Native American (U.S. Census)|Native American]], 0.09% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], [[African American (U.S. Census)|African American]], 0.09% and 2.72% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 1.88% of the population.

There were 360 households, out of which 39.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 36.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 25.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 29.2% were non-families. 27.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.81 and the average family size was 3.40.

In the town, the population was spread out, with 31.5% under the age of 18, 10.3% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 18.1% from 45 to 64, and 12.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 31 years. For every 100 females, there were 83.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.2 males.

The median income for a household in the town was $23,879, and the median income for a family was $25,000. Males had a median income of $24,375 versus $20,972 for females. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $8,955. About 28.3% of families and 29.2% of the population were below the [[poverty line]], including 33.4% of those under age 18 and 23.6% of those age 65 or over.

==Education==
The area school district is [[Browning Public Schools]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://apps.opi.mt.gov/SchoolDirectory/frmdirectorydistrictpdf.aspx|title=Directory of Montana Schools|publisher=[[Montana Office of Public Instruction]]|date=2024-03-13|access-date=2024-03-13|pages=119–120/319}}</ref> with its components being Browning Elementary School District<!--ELM 05140--> and Browning High School District.<!--SEC 05190--><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st30_mt/schooldistrict_maps/c30035_glacier/DC20SD_C30035.pdf|title=2020 CENSUS - SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP: Glacier County, MT|publisher=[[U.S. Census Bureau]]|page=4 (PDF p. 5/6)|access-date=2024-03-13}} - [https://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/DC2020/PL20/st30_mt/schooldistrict_maps/c30035_glacier/DC20SD_C30035_SD2MS.txt Text list]</ref> The two districts, under the name "Browning Public Schools," educate students from kindergarten through 12th grade.<ref>{{cite web |title=Browning Public Schools |url=https://www.bps.k12.mt.us/home |publisher=Browning Public Schools |access-date=17 April 2021}}</ref> They are known as the Indians.<ref>{{cite web |title=Member Schools |url=https://www.mhsa.org/memberschools |publisher=Montana High School Association |access-date=19 April 2021}}</ref> [[Browning High School]] is a Class A school.

Browning is home to [[Blackfeet Community College]].
In addition to the public school district operated in Browning and Heart Butte on the Blackfeet Reservation, there is also a language immersion program operated through [http://www.pieganinstitute.org/cutswoodacademy.html Cutswood Academy] and a small non-diocesan Catholic School run by the De La Salle Christian Brothers, [http://www.dlsb.org/ De La Salle Blackfeet School].

==Media==
Browning is home to [[Low-power broadcasting|low-power radio station]] [[KBWG-LP]], broadcasting at 107.5 FM.<ref name="FCC">{{cite web|url=http://transition.fcc.gov/fcc-bin/fmq?call=KBWG-LP|title=FM Query Results -- Audio Division (FCC) USA|access-date=August 22, 2012|publisher=[[Federal Communications Commission]]}}</ref>

''The Glacier Reporter'' is a newspaper serving Browning and all of Glacier County. It is offered both in print and online.<ref>{{cite web |title=Glacier Reporter |url=http://www.cutbankpioneerpress.com/glacier_reporter/ |publisher=Cut Bank Pioneer Press |access-date=25 August 2023}}</ref>

[[File:Blackfeet Community Hospital Browning Montana.jpg|thumb|Blackfeet Community Hospital]]

==Infrastructure==
[[File:Browning station.jpg|thumb|Amtrak station in Browning]]

===Transportation===
* [[U.S. Route 2 in Montana|US Route 2]] comes into Browning from [[East Glacier, Montana|East Glacier]] from the west.
* [[U.S. Route 89 in Montana|US Route 89]] comes into Browning from [[St. Mary, Montana|St. Mary]] from the north.
*The two US Routes meet on the western end of Browning and run through town together, splitting on the eastern end of town, with US 2 headed east towards [[Cut Bank, Montana|Cut Bank]] and [[Shelby, Montana|Shelby]] and US 89 headed south towards [[Choteau, Montana|Choteau]] and [[Great Falls, Montana|Great Falls]].
*[[U.S. Route 87|US Route 87]] ran through Browning until 1934, when US 89 replaced its original routing north of Great Falls. US 87 then ended in Great Falls until 1945, when it was changed to run from Great Falls to [[Havre, Montana|Havre]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.usends.com/87.html |website=US ENDS |access-date=30 June 2018 |title=End of US Highway 87}}</ref>
* [[Browning (Amtrak station)|Amtrak]]'s Chicago to Portland/Seattle ''[[Empire Builder]]'' serves Browning from October to April at a station just south of town. [[East Glacier Park station|East Glacier]] receives passengers just a few miles west, from April to October.

==Notable people==
*[[Shannon Augare]], politician
*[[William Big Springs]], artist
*[[Michele Binkley]], politician
*[[Frosty Boss Ribs]], politician
*[[Jackie Larson Bread]], beadwork artist
*[[Gladys Cardiff]], Native American poet and academic
*[[Elouise Pepion Cobell]], [[MacArthur Grant]] winner and lead plaintiff in ''[[Cobell v. Salazar]]''
*[[Lila Walter Evans]], politician
*[[Lily Gladstone]], actress
*[[Bonnie HeavyRunner]], academic
*[[Joe Hipp]], professional boxer
*[[Carol Juneau]], politician and educator
*[[Denise Juneau]], politician
*[[Darrell Kipp]], educator, documentary filmmaker, and historian
*[[Terran Last Gun]], artist
*[[Stuart Long]], popular [[Roman Catholic]] priest stationed in Browning for three years
*[[Zahn McClarnon]], actor
*[[Earl Old Person]], honorary lifetime chief of the Blackfeet Nation
*[[Albert Racine]], artist
*[[Steve Reevis]], actor
*[[Hart Merriam Schultz]], artist
*[[Robert Scriver]], sculptor and museum owner
*[[Marvin Weatherwax Jr.]], politician
*[[James Welch (poet)|James Welch]], poet and author
*[[Tyson Running Wolf]], member of the [[Montana House of Representatives]]
*[[Alfred Young Man]], artist, writer, and educator

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Browning, Montana}}
* {{Official website|http://www.browningmontana.com/}}

{{Glacier County, Montana}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Blackfeet Tribe]]
[[Category:Populated places in Glacier County, Montana]]
[[Category:Seats of government of American Indian reservations]]