Editing Brookeville, Maryland

{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2024}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name                     = Brookeville, Maryland
|official_name            = 
|settlement_type          = [[Town]]
|nickname                 = 
|motto                    = "United States Capital For A Day August 26, 1814"<ref name="The Town of Brookeville Maryland">{{cite web|url= http://townofbrookevillemd.org/|title= The Town of Brookeville Maryland|publisher= The Town of Brookeville Maryland |access-date= September 29, 2012}}</ref>

<!-- Images -->
|image_skyline            = Madison house brookeville.jpg
|imagesize                = 
|image_caption            = The Madison House in February 2006. It was built around 1800 and originally owned by Caleb Bentley. The house provided refuge for President [[James Madison]], on August 26, 1814, after the British burned [[Washington, D.C.]], during the [[War of 1812]].
|image_flag               = 
|image_seal               = Seal of Brookeville, Maryland.png

<!-- Maps -->
|image_map                = Montgomery_County_Maryland_Incorporated_and_Unincorporated_areas_Brookeville_Highlighted.svg
|mapsize                  = 250x200px
|map_caption              = Location of Brookeville in [[Montgomery County, Maryland]], Inset: Location of Montgomery County in [[Maryland]].
|image_map1               = 
|mapsize1                 = 
|map_caption1             = 

<!-- Location -->
| subdivision_type        = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_type1       = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_type2       = [[List of counties in Maryland|County]]
| subdivision_name        = [[United States]]
| subdivision_name1       = [[Maryland]]
| subdivision_name2       = [[Montgomery County, Maryland|Montgomery]]
|government_footnotes     = 
|government_type          = 
|leader_title             = 
|leader_name              = 
|leader_title1            = 
|leader_name1             = 
|established_title        = Settled<!-- Settled -->
|established_date         = 1794<ref name="The Town of Brookeville Maryland"/>
|established_title1       = [[Municipal corporation|Incorporated]]<!-- Incorporated (town) -->
|established_date1        = 1808<ref name="The Town of Brookeville Maryland"/>
|established_title2       = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
|established_date2        = 

<!-- Area -->
|unit_pref                = Imperial
|area_footnotes           = <ref name="CenPopGazetteer2022">{{cite web |title=2022 U.S. Gazetteer Files: Maryland |url=https://www2.census.gov/geo/docs/maps-data/data/gazetteer/2022_Gazetteer/2022_gaz_place_24.txt |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=May 26, 2023}}</ref>
|area_total_km2           = 0.36
|area_land_km2            = 0.36
|area_water_km2           = 0.00
|area_total_sq_mi         = 0.14
|area_land_sq_mi          = 0.14
|area_water_sq_mi         = 0.00

<!-- Population -->
|population_as_of         = [[2020 United States census|2020]]
|population_footnotes     = <ref name="Census 2020">{{Cite web| url=https://data.census.gov/cedsci/table?q=&g=1600000US2410225&tid=DECENNIALPL2020.P1| title=P1. Race – Brookeville town, Maryland: 2020 DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171)| publisher=U.S. Census Bureau| access-date=May 26, 2023}}</ref>
|population_total         = 166
|population_est           = 
|pop_est_footnotes        = 
|pop_est_as_of            = 
|population_density_km2   = 459.09
|population_density_sq_mi = 1185.71
|population_blank1_title  = [[Demonym]]
|population_blank1        = Brookevillian

<!-- General information -->
|timezone                = [[North American Eastern Time Zone|Eastern (EST)]]
|utc_offset              = -5
|timezone_DST            = EDT
|utc_offset_DST          = -4
|elevation_footnotes     = <ref name=gnis/>
|elevation_ft            = 433
|coordinates             = {{coord|39|10|51|N|77|03|33|W|region:US_type:city|display=inline,title}}
|postal_code_type        = [[ZIP Code]]
|postal_code             = 20833
|area_code               = [[Area codes 301 and 240|301, 240]]
|blank_name              = [[Federal Information Processing Standard|FIPS code]]
|blank_info              = 24-10225
|blank1_name             = [[Geographic Names Information System|GNIS]] feature ID
|blank1_info             = 2390755<ref name=gnis>{{GNIS|2390755}}</ref>
|website                 = {{URL|townofbrookevillemd.org}}
|footnotes               = 
}}
'''Brookeville''' is a town in [[Montgomery County, Maryland]], located {{convert|20|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Washington, D.C.]], and {{convert|2|km|mi|abbr=on}} north of [[Olney, Maryland|Olney]]. Brookeville was settled by [[Quaker]]s late in the 18th century and was [[Municipal corporation|incorporated]] as a town in 1808. Historically a [[Agriculture in the United States|farming town]], Brookeville is now at the northern edge of the densely developed Washington [[suburb]]s. The population was 166 at the [[2020 United States census|2020 census]].<ref name="Census 2020"/>

Brookeville is notable as the "United States Capital for a Day": when British troops [[Burning of Washington|burned Washington, D.C.]], during the [[War of 1812]], President [[James Madison]] sought refuge in the town on August 26, 1814. During the [[American Civil War]], Brookeville, along with nearby [[Sandy Spring, Maryland|Sandy Spring]], was a stop on the [[Underground Railroad]].

==Overview==
The [[United States Postal Service|U.S. Postal Service]] (USPS) defines a larger area as Brookeville than what falls within the town boundaries. This includes areas extending to the [[Patuxent River]] and the [[Howard County, Maryland|Howard County]] border, and including the small hamlets of Sunshine and Brighton. Reddy Branch Stream Valley Park surrounds the Town of Brookeville, with the creek flowing west to east towards the Patuxent. Other parks and recreational areas include [[Rachel Carson Greenway#Rachel Carson Conservation Park|Rachel Carson Conservation Park]], [[Patuxent River State Park]], and the [[Triadelphia Reservoir]]. Areas to the north of Brookeville in Howard County and [[Carroll County, Maryland|Carroll County]] have also experienced rapid population growth. Georgia Avenue carries a substantial volume of traffic through the town, from these areas to the north into Montgomery County and Washington, D.C. In 1966, county planning officials recommended that a bypass be built to carry commuters around the town. The project was under construction as of 2022.<ref name=Streetview>{{Cite web|url=https://www.google.com/maps/@39.1754896,-77.0588571,3a,58.9y,-2.77h,81.12t/data=!3m7!1e1!3m5!1sBJ9s1lKZEoWJZFahAXCRcw!2e0!6shttps:%2F%2Fstreetviewpixels-pa.googleapis.com%2Fv1%2Fthumbnail%3Fpanoid%3DBJ9s1lKZEoWJZFahAXCRcw%26cb_client%3Dmaps_sv.tactile.gps%26w%3D203%26h%3D100%26yaw%3D291.60083%26pitch%3D0%26thumbfov%3D100!7i16384!8i8192?entry=ttu| title=Brookeville, Maryland| publisher=Google Street View| date=November 2022| access-date=May 26, 2023}}</ref>

Brookeville is an affluent residential community, with a large portion of residents employed with the [[Federal government of the United States|government]] or related professional jobs. The town is governed by a three-person town commission, while surrounding unincorporated areas are administered by the county. Historically, the [[Brookeville Academy]] was an important educational institution for the community. In 1883, [[Sherwood High School (Maryland)|Sherwood High School]] opened as a [[Religious Society of Friends|Friends]] school and became a public school in 1909, serving Brookeville and other nearby areas.

==History==
[[Quaker]]s Richard Thomas and his wife Deborah Brooke founded the town of Brookeville in 1794, and named it after her family.<ref name="crossroads">{{cite web|url=http://www.sandyspringmuseum.org/e210.html |title=Brookeville: Gem from the Past |publisher=Sandy Spring Museum |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071007181644/http://www.sandyspringmuseum.org/e210.html |archive-date=October 7, 2007 }}</ref> The town was established on land inherited by Deborah Brooke from her father Roger Brooke IV, son of an influential Quaker landholder, James Brooke. At the time, Brooke was the largest landholder in what would become Montgomery County.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://townofbrookevillemd.org/history.html |title=A Brief History |publisher=Town of Brookeville |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081207142226/http://townofbrookevillemd.org/history.html |archive-date=December 7, 2008 }}</ref> Thomas set up a mill, along the Reddy Branch, which forms the northern border of the town.<ref name="crossroads"/> [[Caleb Bentley]] opened a store and a post office in 1802, becoming the first postmaster of Brookeville. The town's charter was approved in 1808, though not formally issued until 1890.<ref name="siegal"/>

Brookeville served as a market town for the [[agriculture]] industry in the surrounding area. During the 19th century, Brookeville was home to several mills, the Brookeville Academy (initially a boys' school),<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.sandyspringmuseum.org/c410.html |title=Brookeville Academy/Marywood |publisher=Sandy Spring Museum |access-date=July 12, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060620060821/http://www.sandyspringmuseum.org/c410.html |archive-date=June 20, 2006 }}</ref> a post office, a blacksmith's shop, St. Luke's Episcopal Church, Salem Methodist Protestant Church, and a number of shops.<ref name="national-registry"/> Newlin's Mill, located on the west side of town, processed high-quality [[castor oil]] and ground limestone for [[plaster]]. Thomas Mill was located on the east side of town.<ref name="siegal"/> To transport goods more easily to markets in Washington, D.C., a prosperous farmer established a company in 1849 to build a toll road to connect Brookeville to the Seventh Street Pike. The turnpike was sold to the state of Maryland in 1914, and later became Georgia Avenue,<ref>{{cite book |author=Barrow, Healan |author2=Kristine Stevens |title=Olney: Echoes of the Past |year=2000 |publisher=Willow Bend Books |pages=42–43}}</ref> now [[Maryland Route 97]].

Brookeville was home to Thomas Moore Jr., who along with Caleb Bentley was instrumental in the creation of the [[U.S. Department of Agriculture]]. Moore is also credited as the inventor of the first [[refrigerator]], and coining the term. He created a portable contraption to transport butter and other products to sell at markets in Washington. His products commanded a high price, due to the extra freshness of the products at the market.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/04/10/garden/if-refrigerators-could-speak-the-stories-they-d-tell.html?pagewanted=2 |title=If Refrigerators Could Speak, The Stories They'd Tell |newspaper=The New York Times |author=Barron, James |date=April 10, 1996}}</ref> Moore lived near the town, at Longwood Manor, which was built in 1817.<ref name="voa"/>

===War of 1812===
During the [[War of 1812]], when the British [[Burning of Washington|burned]] parts of Washington, D.C., the federal government and troops fled the capital. President [[James Madison]] first fled to [[Virginia]], but then turned north. He arrived in [[Rockville, Maryland|Rockville]] at 6 p.m. on August 26, 1814, expecting to find General [[William H. Winder]] and his troops. They had already proceeded on towards [[Baltimore]], however.<ref name="allen">{{cite book |title=In the Greatest Solemn Dignity – The Capitol's Four Cornerstones |author=Allen, William C. |publisher=Government Printing Office |year=1995}}</ref> Madison continued eastward and arrived in Brookeville on horseback. He reportedly carried with him a [[Safe|strongbox]], which contained the entire U.S. treasury.<ref name="voa"/> On the night of August 26, he stayed in the home of [[Caleb Bentley]], whose wife Henrietta Thomas was close friends with [[Dolley Madison]].<ref name="crossroads"/><ref name="voa">{{cite news |url=http://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2007-08/2007-08-14-voa27.cfm?CFID=171645957&CFTOKEN=64046631 |title=You Won't Need Much Time to Tour This 'Capital' |publisher=VOA News |date=August 15, 2007 |author=Landphair, Ted |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081214204901/https://www.voanews.com/english/archive/2007-08/2007-08-14-voa27.cfm |archive-date=December 14, 2008}}</ref>

Madison stayed up all night, dispatching orders, while soldiers remained on guard outside.<ref>{{cite book |title=The American Historical Register |url=https://archive.org/details/americanhistori00browgoog |author=Browning, Charles Henry |year=1895 |chapter=President Madison's Retreat |publisher=Historical Register Pub |page=860}}</ref> After the British left Washington, they sailed to nearby Baltimore, where they attacked [[Fort McHenry]] and were repulsed. Upon hearing that news, Madison returned to Washington.<ref name="voa"/> Madison wrote a note to his wife that morning.

{{quote|Finding that our army has left Montgomery Court House, we pushed on to this place, with a view to join it, or proceed to the city, as further information might prescribe. I have just received a line from Col. Monroe saying that the enemy were out of Washington on the retreat to their ships and advising our immediate return to Washington. I know not where we are in the first instance to hide our heads; but shall look for a place on my arrival.|[[James Madison]]<ref name="richman"/>}}

===Late 19th century===
[[Image:Oakley cabin brookeville md.jpg|thumb|right|Oakley cabin]]
The Oakley Farm, located on the western edge of Brookeville, thrived during the 18th and 19th centuries. [[Log cabin]]s, dating from the 1820s, were built on the Oakley/Dorsey farm, to house [[slavery in the United States|slaves]] and later free black families.<ref>{{cite news |title=Road Markers Offer History at Any Speed; Stories They Tell Usually Interesting, Often True |author=Rauschart, Lisa |newspaper=The Washington Times |date=November 2, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.montgomeryparksfnd.org/fg-oakcab.htm |title=Oakley Cabin |publisher=Montgomery Parks Foundation |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070823054022/http://montgomeryparksfnd.org/fg-oakcab.htm |archive-date=August 23, 2007 }}</ref> The Oakley Cabin is now maintained by the Montgomery County Department of Parks.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mc-mncppc.org/parks/park_of_the_day/jun/parkday_jun30.shtm |title=Oakley Log Cabin |publisher=Montgomery County Department of Parks |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809143200/http://www.mc-mncppc.org/parks/park_of_the_day/jun/parkday_jun30.shtm |archive-date=August 9, 2007 }}</ref> A number of other 18th and 19th century cabins still exist on private property in the Brookeville area.

During the [[American Civil War]], [[George B. McClellan]] sent [[Union Army|Union]] troops (the First and Ninth Corps) through Brookeville, on their way to [[Battle of Antietam|Antietam]]. This was one of three groups of troops that came from different directions towards Antietam.<ref>{{cite book |title=Death in September: The Antietam Campaign |author=Jamieson, Perry D. |publisher=McWhiney Foundation Press |year=1995 |page=26}}</ref> The Quakers played an instrumental role in aiding escaped slaves on the [[Underground Railroad]]. Nearby [[Sandy Spring, Maryland|Sandy Spring]] was an important stop. Historians suggest that the Madison House was also used as a stop on the Underground Railroad during the Civil War. Part of the Madison House once served as the town's post office. A false stone wall in the room hid a staircase that descended in two directions, including into a hidden area in the basement where escaped slaves could hide.<ref name="richman"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://pathways.thinkport.org/library/sites4.cfm |title=Pathways to Freedom: Maryland & the Underground Railroad |publisher=Maryland Public Television |access-date=December 14, 2007}}</ref>

===20th century===
In 1910, the Salem United Methodist Church was built to replace a church that had been destroyed by fire, and the church cemetery has been there since the mid-19th century.<ref name="richman">{{cite news |title=Brookeville: Where time stands still |author=Richman, Michael |date=August 27, 1996 |newspaper=The Washington Times}}</ref> By 1900, the mills and shops had shut down, and Brookeville remained a residential town.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mdihp.net/ |title=Brookeville Historic District |publisher=Maryland Historic Trust |work=National Register of Historic Places Inventory |archive-url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20160522120306/http://mdihp.net/ |archive-date=May 22, 2016}}</ref> In 1915, the Bentley family sold the Madison House to Roger Brooke, a leader of the Quaker community. The house later changed hands, owned for some time by Elisha Hall, a principal at the Brookeville Academy, banker Remus Riggs, and Gene Archer, an [[NBC]] television personality.<ref name="richman"/>

The automobile gave people more mobility and changed the market, with the nearby town of [[Olney, Maryland|Olney]] taking prominence over Brookeville.<ref name="walking"/> Since the 1950s, Olney has rapidly developed, putting pressure on Brookeville. The [[Brookeville Historic District]] was placed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] in 1979.<ref name="national-registry">{{cite web |url=http://mht.maryland.gov/nr/ |title=National Register Listings in Maryland |publisher=Maryland Historical Trust |access-date=July 12, 2006}}</ref> Brookeville's historic designation has helped it retain historic character.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.gazette.net/stories/030806/olnenew200730_31940.shtml |title=One man's fight to preserve the past |date=March 8, 2006 |publisher=The Gazette |author=Hogan, Terri |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521200303/http://www.gazette.net/stories/030806/olnenew200730_31940.shtml |archive-date=May 21, 2008 }}</ref>

==Geography==
[[Image:Brookeville MD.jpg|thumb|North on Georgia Ave into Brookeville, 2006]]
Brookeville is located in northeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, {{convert|3|mi|0}} west of the [[Patuxent River]] and the [[Howard County, Maryland|Howard County]] border. The town is {{convert|2|mi|0}} north of [[Olney, Maryland|Olney]] and {{convert|20|mi}} north of downtown [[Washington, D.C.]] The Town of Brookeville is formally incorporated, and covers an area of {{convert|0.1|sqmi|km2}}.<ref name="CenPopGazetteer2022"/> Areas beyond the formal town boundaries, extending to the Howard County boundary, use Brookeville mailing addresses, falling within the 20833 ZIP Code. Located within the ZIP Code are the small hamlets of Sunshine and Brighton. [[Georgia Avenue]] ([[Maryland Route 97]]), which is a major north–south route through this part of Maryland, passes through the town. Brookeville Road connects the town with [[Laytonsville, Maryland|Laytonsville]] and other areas to the west. [[Brighton Dam Road]] extends to the east, crossing [[New Hampshire Avenue]] ([[Maryland Route 650]]), then the Patuxent River, and into Howard County.

Georgia Avenue, which begins in Washington, D.C., is a two-lane road when it passes through Brookeville, with a stop sign and tight turn that takes it through the historic district. In 1989, the road carried 8,000 vehicles daily,<ref name="levy"/> a number which had increased to 18,000 vehicles each weekday as of 2007. The traffic mainly consists of commuters from [[Carroll County, Maryland|Carroll County]] and Howard County.<ref>{{cite news |title=Commuters Cause Big Traffic Problems Passing Through Little Towns |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=September 6, 1994 |author=Lipton, Eric}}</ref> The traffic volume on Georgia Avenue is more than the road was designed to handle.<ref name="siegal">{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/11/30/AR2007113000952_pf.html |title=Charms and Challenges Of a Tiny Old Town |author=Siegal, Ann Cameron |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=December 1, 2007}}</ref> Brookeville residents have advocated for a bypass road to be constructed, to take traffic around the town.<ref name="levy">{{cite news |title=Brookeville: Montgomery's Link to Its Past |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=November 18, 1989 |author=Levy, Claudia}}</ref> The bypass road around the town was in the planning stages for some time, since being recommended by county planning officials in 1966.<ref>{{cite news |title=News Near You |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=July 16, 1992}}</ref> The bypass road will include two roundabouts, one on either side of the town. The project was under construction as of May 2019<ref>{{cite web |title=MD 0097 BROOKEVILLE BYPASS IHB - SOUTH OF BROOKEVILLE TO MD 97 NORTH OF BROOKEVILLE |url=http://apps.roads.maryland.gov/WebProjectLifeCycle/ProjectSchedule.aspx?projectno=MO7465115}}</ref> and was nearly complete by the fall of 2022.<ref name=Streetview/>
[[Image:Rachel carson greenway pond.jpg|thumb|right|Rachel Carson Conservation Park]]
Reddy Branch flows along the northern and eastern edges of the town. It is a tributary of the [[Hawlings River]], which flows east to the [[Patuxent River]] downstream from the [[Triadelphia Reservoir]]. Reddy Branch Stream Valley Park is located along Brookeville Road, to the west of the town, and to the east along Brighton Dam Road. Hawling Hills Park and [[Patuxent River State Park]] are located along New Hampshire Avenue, north of [[Ashton, Maryland|Ashton]] and to the east of Brookeville. Patuxent River State Park is used for hunting, fishing, hiking and horseback riding.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dnr.state.md.us/publiclands/central/patuxentriver.html |title=Patuxent River State Park |publisher=Maryland Department of Natural Resources |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071206181528/http://www.dnr.state.md.us/publiclands/central/patuxentriver.html |archive-date=December 6, 2007}}</ref> Rachel Carson Conservation Park, located to the north, is undeveloped and has a number of hiking trails.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mcparkandplanning.org/parks/park_of_the_day/may/parkday_may12.shtm |title=Rachel Carson Conservation Park |publisher=Montgomery County Department of Parks |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071228121456/http://www.mcparkandplanning.org/parks/park_of_the_day/may/parkday_may12.shtm |archive-date=December 28, 2007}}</ref> The Triadelphia Reservoir, created by the Brighton Dam, is located on the Patuxent River. The [[Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission]] maintains {{convert|6000|acre|km2}}, in and around the reservoir, which are open to the public for recreational purposes.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wsscwater.com/info/wrup.cfm |title=Watershed Recreational User Program |publisher=Washington Suburban Sanitary Commission |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070426025644/http://www.wsscwater.com/info/wrup.cfm |archive-date=April 26, 2007}}</ref> The reservoir is a popular recreation spot that is suitable for fishing, kayaking, and other activities.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dnr.state.md.us/fisheries/fishingreport/fishingrptArchive/frarchives2004/0602freshwater.html |title=Freshwater Fishing Report |date=June 2, 2004 |publisher=Maryland Department of Natural Resources |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521183616/http://www.dnr.state.md.us/fisheries/fishingreport/fishingrptArchive/frarchives2004/0602freshwater.html |archive-date=May 21, 2008}}</ref> Mount Zion Park is a small park with playgrounds, ball fields, tennis courts, and picnic facilities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mc-mncppc.org/Parks/park_of_the_day/apr/parkday_apr22.shtm |title=Mount Zion Park |publisher=Montgomery County Department of Parks |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201094846/http://www.mc-mncppc.org/Parks/park_of_the_day/apr/parkday_apr22.shtm |archive-date=December 1, 2007 }}</ref> Within the town limits, Powers' Woods Park is a new {{convert|2|acre|m2|adj=on}} park that is slated to be located near a recently restored one-room schoolhouse.<ref>{{cite news |title=Brookeville closer to new outdoor common |url=http://www.gazette.net/stories/022107/olnenew201220_32323.shtml |author=Hogan, Terri |date=February 21, 2007 |publisher=Olney Gazette |access-date=December 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521200255/http://www.gazette.net/stories/022107/olnenew201220_32323.shtml |archive-date=May 21, 2008 }}</ref>

===Climate===
The climate in this area is characterized by hot, humid summers and generally mild to cool winters. According to the [[Köppen Climate Classification]] system, Brookeville has a [[humid subtropical climate]], abbreviated "Cfa" on climate maps.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weather-summary.php3?s=521181&cityname=Brookeville%2C+Maryland%2C+United+States+of+America&units=|title=Brookeville, Maryland Köppen Climate Classification (Weatherbase)|work=Weatherbase|access-date=November 1, 2015}}</ref>

==Demographics==
{{US Census population
|1880= 206
|1900= 158
|1910= 132
|1920= 79
|1930= 112
|1940= 262
|1950= 117
|1960= 140
|1970= 136
|1980= 120
|1990= 54
|2000= 120
|2010= 134
|2020= 166
|footnote=U.S. Decennial Census<ref name="DecennialCensus">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial-census.html|title=Census of Population and Housing|publisher=Census.gov|access-date=June 4, 2015}}</ref>
}}
As of the 2000 [[census]], the town had a population of 120; there were 44 households, out of which 38.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.3% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 11.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.8% were non-families. 18.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The population density was {{convert|933.6|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|sp=us|adj=off}}. The racial makeup of the town was 97.50% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 0.83% from [[Race (United States Census)|other races]], and 1.67% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 2.50% of the population. The median age was 39 years. The median income for a household in the town was $88,629, and the median income for a family was $93,444. The [[per capita income]] for the town was $43,483. There were 7.1% of families and 5.5% of the population living below the [[poverty line]].<ref name="wwwcensusgov"/>

The larger area defined as Brookeville by the postal service, within the 20833 ZIP Code, has a population of 6,259 as of the [[2000 United States Census|2000 census]]. The median age is 37.5, and the racial composition is 84.1% Caucasian, 6.7% African-American, 6% Asian, and 3.6% Hispanic. The Brookeville area has a very high rate of [[home ownership]], with 93.3% of its 2,063 households owning homes, which compares to a national average of 66.2% for home ownership. A large portion of the homes in Brookeville were built during the 1990s, as well as a large number built in the 1970s. As reported in the 2000 census, 30% of homes within the Brookeville ZIP Code were built during the 1990s, 15.6% during the 1980s, 35.6% in the 1970s, 13% between 1940 and 1970, and 5.7% before 1940. 54% of the population had moved into their homes during the 1990s, 22.9% in the 1980s, 17.5% in the 1970s, and 5.6% have lived in the same home since before 1970.<ref name="wwwcensusgov" /> The median purchase price for homes in the Brookeville area in 2006 was $546,500, which compares to $475,000 for all of Montgomery County, and $243,750 for the entire United States.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/realestate/features/2007/housing-outlook/property-values/montgomery.html |title=Housing Outlook 2007 – Regional Property Values, Montgomery County |newspaper=The Washington Post |access-date=December 15, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/const/priceregq.pdf |title=Median and Average Sales Price of Houses Sold by Region |publisher=United States Census Bureau |access-date=December 15, 2007}}</ref>

The population in the Brookeville area is well-educated, with 57.6% of those age 25 or older having a [[college education]], which compares to the national average of 24.4%. The median household income is $103,879, compared to a national average of $41,994. [[Per capita income]] is $40,540 compared to $21,587 for all of the United States. 76.2% of the population over age 16 is in the [[labor force]]. Average [[commuting]] time is 35.9 minutes, with 84.1% driving alone, 9% carpooling, 2.3% using public transportation, and 3.1% working at home. Most people are employed in management, professional, and related occupations, with 59.5% in those types of jobs. 19.3% are employed in sales and office occupations, 10.7% in service occupations, 5.7 in construction, extraction, and maintenance occupations, and 4.9% in production, transportation, and material moving occupations. 24.4% of those in the labor force are government workers.<ref name="wwwcensusgov"/>

===2010 census===
As of the [[census]]<ref name ="wwwcensusgov">{{cite web|title=U.S. Census website|url=https://www.census.gov|publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]]|access-date=January 25, 2013}}</ref> of 2010, there were 134 people, 54 households, and 38 families residing in the town. The [[population density]] was {{convert|1116.7|PD/sqmi|PD/km2|1}}. There were 57 housing units at an average density of {{convert|475.0|/sqmi|/km2|1}}. The racial makeup of the town was 88.8% [[White (U.S. Census)|White]], 1.5% [[Asian (U.S. Census)|Asian]], 4.5% from [[Race (U.S. Census)|other races]], and 5.2% from two or more races. [[Hispanic (U.S. Census)|Hispanic]] or [[Latino (U.S. Census)|Latino]] of any race were 11.2% of the population.

There were 54 households, of which 33.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.7% were [[Marriage|married couples]] living together, 1.9% had a female householder with no husband present, 1.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 29.6% were non-families. 22.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 9.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.48 and the average family size was 2.95.

The median age in the town was 46.3 years. 22.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 4.4% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 20.9% were from 25 to 44; 38% were from 45 to 64; and 14.2% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the town was 53.7% male and 46.3% female.

==Government==
Brookeville was [[Municipal corporation|incorporated]] as a town in 1808 and the charter formally issued in 1890.<ref name="siegal"/> Town commissioners oversee the government, handling street maintenance and other matters, as well as [[town planning]]. The town adopted a [[Historic Preservation]] Ordinance in 1986, which guides town planning and restricts development within the town.<ref name="walking">{{cite book |url=http://townofbrookevillemd.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/walkingtour.pdf |title=Walking Tour: Town of Brookeville |author1=Hahn, Roberta |author2=Josephine Unglesbee |name-list-style=amp |publisher=Town of Brookeville |year=1994}}</ref> The town commission consists of three members, who are elected for two-year terms. Michael Acierno was elected in May 2007 as president of the Brookeville Town Commission.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.gazette.net/stories/052307/olnenew215415_32334.shtml |title=Acierno to serve as 'mayor' of Brookeville |author=Hogan, Terri |date=May 23, 2007 |publisher=Olney Gazette |access-date=December 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521200308/http://www.gazette.net/stories/052307/olnenew215415_32334.shtml |archive-date=May 21, 2008 }}</ref>
 
Brookeville is represented in the [[Maryland House of Delegates]] by District 14 representatives, [[Anne Kaiser]] (D), [[Pamela E. Queen]] (D), and [[Bernice Mireku-North]] (D). [[Craig Zucker]] (D) represents Brookeville in the [[Maryland State Senate]]. Brookeville is located in [[Maryland's 8th congressional district]], which is represented in the [[United States Congress]] by [[Jamie Raskin]] (D).

==Education==
[[Image:Brookeville Academy.jpg|thumb|left|Brookeville Academy]]
The Brookeville Academy, a preparatory school established in 1814, was one of the first schools in the county.<ref>{{cite book |title=Leading Events of Maryland History |url=https://archive.org/details/leadingeventsofm00gamb |author=Montgomery Gambrill, John |author2=M. Bates Stephens |publisher=Ginn and company |year=1904 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/leadingeventsofm00gamb/page/262 262]}}</ref> Among those educated at the Academy, include Dr. Henry Howard, who established Howard County,<ref>{{cite book |title=The Transactions of the American Medical Association |author=American Medical Association |year=1874 |page=533}}</ref> and William Edward Magruder, great-grandson of Colonel [[Zadok Magruder]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Year Book of the American Clan Gregor Society |publisher=American Clan Gregor Society |year=1912}}</ref> In 1869, the Brookeville Academy relocated to Merrywood, located on nearby farmland outside of town.<ref name="walking"/> The original building has since been used as a meeting facility by the [[American Legion]] and other organizations. On June 2, 1909, the Public School Board took over running the school. In 1988, the original building was sold to the Town of Brookeville, which maintains the building as a historic site and use for events.<ref name="academy">{{cite web |url=http://townofbrookevillemd.org/acad.html |title=The Brookeville Academy |author=Lemon, Anne Marie |access-date=December 14, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118044022/http://townofbrookevillemd.org/acad.html |archive-date=November 18, 2007 }}</ref>

The Longwood School for Boys was a private school that was established in 1946 by George F. Kimmell, who had bought Longwood Manor. In 1952, Kimmell leased the school facilities to the Civil Defense Administration, which used it for military training. The school was vacated in 1963, and remained vacant until 1978, when it was converted into a community recreation center.<ref>{{cite book |author=Barrow, Healan |author2=Kristine Stevens |title=Olney: Echoes of the Past |year=2000 |publisher=Willow Bend Books |pages=117–118}}</ref> The Longwood Recreation Center is run by the Montgomery County Recreation Department.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/rectmpl.asp?url=/content/REC/recipix/Longwood_cen.asp |title=Longwood Community Center |publisher=Montgomery County Recreation Department |access-date=December 15, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521193546/http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/rectmpl.asp?url=%2Fcontent%2FREC%2Frecipix%2FLongwood_cen.asp |archive-date=May 21, 2008 }}</ref>

Brookeville is now part of the [[Montgomery County Public Schools (Maryland)|Montgomery County Public Schools]] system, and is served by Sherwood High School, which first opened in 1883 as a [[Religious Society of Friends|Friends]] school and became a public school in 1909.<ref>{{cite book |author=Barrow, Healan |author2=Kristine Stevens |title=Olney: Echoes of the Past |year=2000 |publisher=Willow Bend Books |pages=76–77}}</ref> Most of Brookeville, including the town proper, is located in the service area for [[Rosa Parks Middle School]] and Greenwood Elementary School. Some areas, bordering Howard County, are located the service area for [[William H. Farquhar Middle School]] and Sherwood Elementary School. Up until 1992, when Rosa Parks Middle School opened, all of Brookeville was within the Farquhar service area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.montgomeryschoolsmd.org/departments/regulatoryaccountability/glance/fy2007/schools/04503map.pdf|title=Sherwood HS cluster map |publisher=Montgomery County Public Schools |access-date=April 17, 2017}}</ref>

==Transportation==
[[File:2019-06-17 15 56 31 View north along Maryland State Route 97 (High Street) just south of Market Street in Brookville, Montgomery County, Maryland.jpg|thumb|right|MD 97 northbound in Brookeville, just before turning left from High Street onto Market Street]]
[[Maryland Route 97]] is the only state highway serving Brookeville directly. MD 97 follows High Street and Market Street within the town limits, becoming known as [[Georgia Avenue]] outside of town both to the north and south. After departing Brookeville, MD 97 heads north {{convert|10|mi|0}} to a junction with [[Interstate 70 in Maryland|Interstate 70]] and [[U.S. Route 40 in Maryland|U.S. Route 40]] on its way to [[Westminster, Maryland|Westminster]], while {{convert|12|mi}} to the south, it intersects [[Interstate 495 in Maryland|Interstate 495]] before ending at [[U.S. Route 29 in Maryland|U.S. Route 29]] just outside of Washington, D.C. The name "Georgia Avenue" follows US 29 south into the city.

==Notable people==
<!--consensus reached to standardize this heading per WP:WikiProject Cities/US Guideline -->
* [[Patrick D. Gallagher]] (born 1969), chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh; resided in Brookville for 20 years while working at NIST
* [[Karen S. Montgomery]] (born 1935), former member of the Maryland State Senate; resides in Brookeville<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://msa.maryland.gov/msa/mdmanual/05sen/html/msa13988.html|title = Karen S. Montgomery, Maryland State Senator}}</ref>
* [[Scott Van Pelt]] (born 1966), [[sportscaster]] for [[ESPN]]; born in Brookeville<ref>{{cite magazine|url= http://www.tvguide.com/celebrities/scott-van-pelt/bio/215846|title= Scott Van Pelt|magazine= TV Guide |access-date= September 29, 2012}}</ref>
* [[Craig Zucker]] (born 1975), member of the Maryland State Senate; resides in Brookeville<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.craigzucker.com/meet-craig|title= Craig Zucker|publisher= Friends of Craig Zucker|access-date= September 29, 2012|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110131104652/http://www.craigzucker.com/meet-craig|archive-date= January 31, 2011}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* {{Official website}}
* [http://msa.maryland.gov/brookeville/ Brookeville 1814] at [[Maryland State Archives]]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20080319015810/http://www.hgtv.com/hgtv/rm_restoration_homes_areas/article/0%2C1797%2CHGTV_3787_2507254%2C00.html Madison House] – [[HGTV]] Dream Builders: Episode DRB-911

{{Montgomery County, Maryland}}
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[[Category:1794 establishments in Maryland]]
[[Category:1808 establishments in Maryland]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1794]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1808]]
[[Category:Quakerism in Maryland]]
[[Category:Towns in Maryland]]
[[Category:Towns in Montgomery County, Maryland]]